Canada

Physical Features • Mountains: There are a lot of mountains in Canada some example are Mount Robson

(3,954) which is the highest point in the Canadian Rockies, Mount Columbia(3,747) the highest point in Alberta, Mount Alberta (3,619) which is the most difficult to climb, Mount Assiniboine (3,618)which is the highest point in the Southern Rockies and Mount Temple (3,543) the highest point near Lake Louise.

• Weather: The weather in Canada is both hot and cold, at north and north-east is mostly cold because of having close Alaska the temperature reaches less than 0°degrees.At south-east is very hot and temperature reaches 25-26°degrees.And finally at west and south-west is pretty hot because temperature reaches 10-12°degrees.

• Natural Resources: Canada do not have a lot of natural resources some examples are: Petrol, Oil, Hydroelectric power you can find it mostly at south-east and south-west. There is not a lot of iron in Canada, but you can still find it in south-east, Copper is very low in Canada and you can find it only in south-west. You can find Gold and Silver at West, Uranium in the centre and a small quantity of lead in north-west and south-west.

Political• Borders of Canada: Canada is at north of United States its southern end are Alberta and British Columbia which

border with Montana and Idaho of United States.• Boundaries of Provinces: Canada has 13 provinces that are Yukon that borders British Columbia and Northwest

Territories, British Columbia that borders Alberta, Yukon and Northwest Territories, Northwest Territories that borders Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Nunavut, Manitoba that borders Saskatchewan, Nunavut and Ontario, Nunavut that borders Northwest Territories and Manitoba, Ontario that borders Quebec and Manitoba, Quebec that borders Ontario, Newfoundland and Labrador and New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador border Quebec, New Brunswick that borders Quebec and Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island has no boundaries.

• Main Cities: The main cities of Canada are: Calgary, Edmonton, Halifax, Hamilton, London, Montreal, Ottawa, Quebec, Regina, Saskatoon, Thunder Bay, Toronto, Vancouver and Winnipeg.

• Population: Population in Canada ha grew a lot from the early 1800 hundreds from 3,000,000 million people it grew to 33,000,000 million people. The population mostly speak in English, French and Scottish.

• Government: Canada is a constitutional monarchy. The powers and structure of the federal government are set out in the Constitution of Canada, which includes the written part, the decision of courts, and unwritten conventions developed over time.

• Links with U.S and U.K: Canada-United Kingdom relations are the relations between the governments of Canada and the United Kingdom. London and Ottawa enjoy cooperative and intimate contact, which has grown deeper over the years; the two countries are related through history, the Commonwealth of Nations, and the sharing of the same Head of State and monarch. Canada and the United States are currently the world’s largest trading partners, share the world’s longest shared border, and have significant interoperability within the defense sphere. Modern difficulties have included repeated trade disputes, environmental concerns, and debates over immigration and the movement of people across the shared border. While the foreign policies of the neighbors have been largely aligned for much of the post-war era, significant disputes have arisen, including over the Vietnam war, the status of Cuba, the Iraq war, and the war of Terrorism.

Culture• Food: Some typical food of Canada are: Roast beef, Roast Turkey, Beans and Toast, baked beans served on or

alongside toasted, sliced bread, Wild Chanterelle, Pine, Morel, Lobster, Puffball, and other mushrooms, Fiddlehead greens, Ginger beef, candied and deep fried, with sweet ginger sauce, Back or pea meal bacon, Haddock and chips, Quebec meat pies, Montreal smoked meat.

• Festivals: Canada do a lot of festivals here are some: Quebec Carnival, New France Festival, Montreal beer Festival, Great Canadian Beer Festival, Quebec Fireworks Competition, Quebec Summer Festival, Quebec winter Carnival.

• Religion: Canadian religion has a lot of different types of religion here are some: about 40% is Catholic, about 25% is Protestant, about 20% is no religious affiliation, about 5% is Christian n.i.e. About 2.5% is Christian Orthodox, about 3% is Muslim, about 1% is Jewish, about 1% Buddhist, about 0.8% is Hindu, about 0.7% is Sikh, about 0.5% is Other eastern religions, and about 0.5% is Other religions.

• Movies: Canadian cinema refers to filmmakers and the filmmaking industries in Canada. Canada is home to several film industry centers: primarily Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver. Industries and communities tend to be regional and niche in nature. Many Canadians migrate to the American industry in search of success- Canadian filmmakers such as David Cronenberg, Paul Haggis, James Cameron, and Norman Jewinson have all received accolades and awards from the world’s most prestigious honorary organizations. ( James Cameron directed the highest grossing movie of all time, Titanic).

• Language: In Canada the mostly spoken languages are English and French, but they also talk in Scottish.• French influence on Canada: The French have had a significant impact on the culture of Canada. It was very

early in their development as a country that the leaders of Canada realized they weren’t going to be able to make it without support of the French. The French and Native Canadian war took place from 1754 to 1763. By this time the French has close to 60,000 colonists in the area of Canada. They lost the battle to Great Britain but they were able to remain in some areas of Canada. Under the Quebec act passed in 1774, the French Canadians as they were known at that time were allowed many rights. For example they were able to keep their own language, religion, and laws. These rights were given in an attempt to make the people more loyal to Britain. Yet it didn’t happen as there was too much land claimed and that was what led to the start of the American Revolution. Fast forward to the last few decades and you will still find the French influencing the culture of Canada. In 1965 their complaints about not being accepted completely in Canada was heard. As a result a new flag was introduced that had no British connections to it. French has also been a language used all over Canada.

Trade• Canada’s Economy: Canada is one of the world’s wealthiest nations, with a high per capita

income, and is a member of the Organization for Economic Co- operation and development. It is one of the world’s top ten trading nations. Canada is a mixed market ranking lower than U.S. but higher than most western European nations on the Heritage Foundation’s index of economic freedom. Since the early 1990s, the Canadian economy has been growing rapidly, with low unemployment and large government surpluses on the federal level. Today, Canada resembles the U.S. in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and high living standards.

• Canada’s trade relationship with U.S. : The United States and Canada have the largest and most comprehensive trade relationship in the world. In 2006, total merchandise trade between the two countries consisted of $303.4billion in imports and $230.3 billion in exports. The trade relationship between the two countries crosses all industries and is vital to both nations success. Each country is the largest trade partner of the other. The trade across Ambassador Bridge between Windsor, Ontario and Detroit, Michigan alone is equal to all trade between the United States an Japan

• Canada’s Imports and Exports: Canada exported in 2003 $16.8 billion processed food products and imported $12.6 billion. Some of the stuff they exported were salty snacks, peanut butter, coffee, tea, flavourings, seasonings and dressings, salads, fresh pizza and fresh pasta. Fruits and vegetables, Bakery and tortilla products ecc. Some stuff they imported were for beverages, Milled grain and oilseed products.