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Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC Evaluation 2009 The Annual Conference of the American Evaluation Association

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Page 1: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency?An Impact Analysis for China

November 13, 2009

Hiroyuki HatashimaIndependent Evaluation Group-IFC

Evaluation 2009 The Annual Conference of the American Evaluation Association

Page 2: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

2

• Dilemma of energy efficiency finance

• IFC’s program in China and its results

• Impact Evaluation methodology used

• Findings from impact evaluation

Outline

Page 3: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Constraints to energy efficiency investments• Profitable projects not realized because:

–Lack of knowledge about benefits;–Lack of design capabilities to prepare

energy saving projects;–Lack of financing

• Lenders’ perception (high risk) and skills (credit appraisal)

Page 4: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

IFC Energy Efficiency Finance Program in China

Output

• Develop, implement, finance Energy Efficiency projects with end users

• Develop capacities of EE market partners

• Disseminate knowledge

Outcome

• Develop market for Energy Efficiency projects

• Improve access to financing for Energy Efficiency projects

• Demand for Energy Efficiency Finance

Input: loan loss guarantees and technical assistance

Page 5: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Energy efficiency loans for energy saving investments

Page 6: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Program met some targets

Cumulative investments from guarantees

2007 2008 2009 20100

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Actual Target

US

$ m

illi

on

Page 7: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Impact Evaluation

• Defined as: systematic comparison of project’s impact in contrast to the “without project” scenario.

• More systematic assessment of non-treatment group

Page 8: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Surveys are conducted for both treatment and control groups

Banks

Treatment group:

2 Banks

Comparison group:

Similar banks (8)

End Users

(Cement)

Treatment groupCompanies received loans from partner

banks (16)

Comparison group40 Random sampled

similar companies

Page 9: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

IFC program – small but catching up

Bank loans to Energy Efficiency projects

2005 2006 2007 20080

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Comparison Average Treatment

Bil

lio

n

Ch

ines

e Y

uan

Page 10: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Many investments took place without help

Comparison group:• High awareness on EE benefits, technical

knowledge• Government policy to promote EE• High implementation of project with its

own resources/bank financing

Page 11: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Many investments took place without help

Treatment group• “If you have not received a loan supported

by the program, would you still undertake the project?”

• Only about 10% said it would not implement if not supported by the program

Page 12: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

IE identified key differences made by the program• Key differences are among small

companies–Large companies – have finance access,

technical knowledge, capacity;–Small companies –limited access to

financing, less projects undertaken

Page 13: Can Financial Innovation Promote Energy Efficiency? An Impact Analysis for China November 13, 2009 Hiroyuki Hatashima Independent Evaluation Group-IFC

Summary

• Financial innovation and energy efficiency– Importance of access to financing for small

companies;– Government policy as important driver;

• Impact Evaluation– Effective in identifying intervention’s additional

contributions– Show the areas of unique contributions for future

focus