CamerasDianne L. Salvaleon

Took one of these pictures.

What is a Camera?

• a device that records images, either as a still photograph or as moving images known as videos or movies

• Comes from “camera obscura” in Latin means: Dark Chamber; early mechanism of projecting images where an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system

History

• The forerunner of modern camera: Camera Obscura first invented by the Iraqi scientist Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) as described in his Book of Optics (1015-1021).

• Irish scientist Robert Boyle and his assistant Robert Hooke later developed a portable camera obscura in the 1660s.

• first camera that was small and portable enough to be practical for photography was built by Johann Zahn in 1685

• first colour photograph was made by Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell, with the help of English inventor and photographer Thomas Sutton, in 1861

The first permanent colour photograph, taken by James Clerk Maxwell in 1861.

MEchanics

• Image capture– Traditional cameras capture light onto

photographic film or photographic plate. Video and digital cameras use electronics, usually a charge coupled device (CCD) or sometimes a CMOS sensor to capture images which can be transferred or stored in tape or computer memory inside the camera for later playback or processing.

Single Lens Reflex Camera

• Focus– Process of adjusting the

range of distance where the camera will reproduce an image clearly• Lens is needed.

Range finder Camera

Twin-lens Reflex Camera

• Exposure Control– the size of the aperture and the brightness

of the scene controls the amount of light that enters the camera during a period of time, and the shutter controls the length of time that the light hits the recording surface. Equivalent exposures can be made with a larger aperture and a faster shutter speed or a corresponding smaller aperture and with the shutter speed slowed down.

Different types of Camera• Digital camera• Movie camera• Pinhole camera• Pocket camera• Rangefinder camera• Single-lens reflex camera• Toy camera• Twin-lens reflex camera• Video camera• View camera

Digital Camera

is a camera that takes video or still photographs, or both, digitally by recording images via an electronic image sensor.

Movie Camera

• type of photographic camera which takes a rapid sequence of photographs on strips of film. In contrast to a still camera, which captures a single snapshot at a time, the movie camera takes a series of images, each called a "frame".

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Pinhole camera

• A very simple camera with no lens and a single very small aperture.

A pinhole camera made from an oatmeal box. The pinhole is in the centre. The black plastic which normally surrounds this camera (see picture above) has been removed.

Pocket camera

• Instamatic is a series of inexpensive, easy-to-load 126 and 110 cameras made by Kodak beginning in 1963. The Instamatic was immensely successful, introducing a generation to low-cost photography and spawning numerous imitators

The Instamatic 100, the first Instamatic sold in the US

Rangefinder camera

• a camera fitted with a rangefinder: a range-finding focusing mechanism allowing the photographer to measure the subject distance and take photographs that are in sharp focus.

Single-Lens reflex camera• uses an automatic moving mirror

system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging system

Toy Camera

• are simple, inexpensive film box cameras made almost entirely out of plastic, often including the lens. The term is misleading, since they are not 'toys' in the sense that these cameras are actually capable of taking photographs.

Twin-Lens Reflex Camera• type of camera with two objective lenses

of the same focal length.

Video Camera

• a camera used for electronic motion picture acquisition, initially developed by the television industry but now common in other applications as well.

View Camera• comprises a flexible

bellows which forms a light-tight seal between two adjustable standards, one of which holds a lens, and the other a viewfinder or a photographic film holder

Here’s a video shot by a camera….

“Good Luck!”