cambodia at the doorstep of international integration and economic reform:
DESCRIPTION
Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform: Is Competition Policy and Law Needed? By Nuth Monyrath Researcher. Cambodia and its integration. Cambodia has opened its markets to the world and region: A member of ASEAN in 1999 A member of WTO in 2003 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
1
Cambodia at the Doorstep of International
Integration and Economic Reform:
Is Competition Policy and Law
Needed?
By Nuth MonyrathResearcher
![Page 2: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
2
Cambodia and its integration
Cambodia has opened its markets to the world and region:– A member of ASEAN in 1999– A member of WTO in 2003
E.g. Status of trade liberalization: ranking 35 out of 170 countries (US Heritage Foundation).
![Page 3: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
3
Benefits of Liberalization
Better availability of products and servicesBetter priceBetter quality Better choice
![Page 4: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Is competition policy and law needed in Cambodia?
Is liberalizing and opening the market enough?
![Page 5: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
5
What happen in this liberalized market?
The market is plagued by barriers to market entry: – Complicated business registration– Lack of transparency and
accountability (procurement and licensing)
– Weak institution and governance (IPs, counterfeit goods, taxes)
![Page 6: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
6
What happen in this liberalized market?
The market is plagued by unfair practices:– Conspiracy to limit access to
markets/suppliers– Unfair provisions of subsidies– Violation of IPRs– Avoiding labor
taxes/regulations
![Page 7: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
7
What happen in this liberalized market?
The market is plagued by unfair trade practices (UTPs): a perspective of businessmen, policymakers and consumers– Prevalence of UTPs – Most common UTPs: Raising barriers to
entry and collective price-fixing, price discrimination, collusive tendering, and tied selling
– UTPs are in important sectors: petroleum, telecommunication, public utility, pharmaceutical products, food and beverage
![Page 8: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
8
What happen in this liberalized market?
Explicit examples of UTPs:– Price-Fixing amongst boaters to
Siem Riep – Refusal to deal in the telecom market – Anticompetitive acquisitions in the
education Sector – Price fixing at provincial level
business– Abuse of dominance in the mobile
phone service market
![Page 9: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
9
Why all these problems happen?
Absence of clear competition policy: lack of transparency and accountability of public institutions (licensing and procurement)Absence of competition legislationNo independent and autonomous body to control UTPsLack of human and financial resources
![Page 10: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
10
What are other concerns?
Economic concerns: efficient and fair markets consumers’ concerns: best choice of products and services available at decent prices and quality Economic growth of about 10 % (2005) and fair allocation of resources Poverty reduction: poverty rate at 35% of the total population remains a challenging issue.
![Page 11: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Is competition policy and law needed in Cambodia?
Do we need competition policy and law?
![Page 12: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
12
Competition law and policy?
– There should be clear competition policy and law– Competition law should make exception to SMEs
and export oriented enterprises and SOEs – Exception of competition law: technological
advancement, protection of SMEs, disadvantaged groups
Should there be competition law and policy?
98%
2%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Yes No
![Page 13: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
13
Motivations for competition policy and
law 1993 Constitution: state intervention to protect markets and consumersRectangular strategy: promotion of competitionWTO commitment
![Page 14: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Is competition policy and law needed in Cambodia?
What do we need to do?
![Page 15: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
June 27, 2006
Is competition law and policy needed in Cambodia?
15
The way forward
Policy and Law: appropriate competition policy and legislation Actions: proper sectoral policies, competent competition authority, effective and efficient and independent judiciaryCapacity buildings: policymakers, judges, prosecutors, lawyers, businessmen, consumers, civil society, academia/media, etc.Reforms: good governance, transparency and accountable institutions contribute a lot to fair competition in the markets Voice of consumers: “Consumer protection organization” to protect Cambodian consumers and raise awareness
![Page 16: Cambodia at the Doorstep of International Integration and Economic Reform:](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070408/568143f7550346895db0862f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Is competition policy and law needed in Cambodia?
Thank You!