california rice statistics and related national and...

STATISTICAL REPORT (Updated May 13, 2009)

California Rice Statistics and related

National and International Data

Table of Contents

Detail of Largest Rice Growing Counties in California..................... Inside front cover Overview and Background....................................................................................... ii California Rice Production by Type ......................................................................... 1 U.S. Rice Production by Type .................................................................................. 2 U.S. & California Rice Production ........................................................................... 3 U.S. & California Paddy Rice Yields ....................................................................... 4 California Rice Acreage Harvested .......................................................................... 5 California Rice Acreage by Type ............................................................................. 6 U.S. Rough & Milled Rice Total Disappearance ...................................................... 7 Total U.S. Rice Consumption.................................................................................... 8 Conversion Information ............................................................................................ 9 References ...............................................................................................................10

CRC STATISTICAL REPORT - ii

Overview and Background World Rice production is one of the most important economic activities in the world, and is well represented in many international cuisines. According to the USDA, “World rice production is projected at a record 434.3 million tons (milled basis) in 2008/09, up 1 percent from a year ago, a result of record planting. China, India, Indonesia, and Bangladesh – the four largest rice producing countries – account for the bulk of the production increase.” Global rice trade in 2009 is projected at 29.5 million tons, up slightly from a year earlier, but almost 8 percent below the 2007 record. Global trade declined more than 8 percent in 2008, primarily due to export bans and restrictions implemented by several suppliers and record high trading prices. United States United States rice consumption was 28.2 pounds per capita in 2006/07; excluding pet food, Americans consume 25 pounds of rice/per person/per year. Domestic usage includes direct food use (32.9 percent), processed food use (10.1 percent), beer & sake (15.0 percent), pet food (8.6 percent) and other industrial uses (1.3 percent). Although small by comparison to many Asian countries, consumption has more than increased significantly, largely due to a general interest in rice for improving diet and health as well as marked increases in Asian and Hispanic populations with a preference for rice. United States rice production in 2008 is projected at 9.2 million tons accounting for only 2.1 percent of total world production. However, exports are projected to be 4.8 million tons, accounting for 16.4 percent of world trade in 2008/09. Rice in the U.S. is produced in three principal areas: the Grand Prairie and Mississippi River Delta of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri from 32˚ to 36˚ N latitude; the Gulf Coast of Florida, Louisiana, and Texas from 27˚ to 31˚ N latitude; and the Sacramento Valley of California from 38˚ to 40˚ N latitude. All rice in the U.S. is irrigated and direct seeded. Dry seeding with a mechanized grain drill is the most common method of planting in the southern U.S. California In California, pregerminated seed is seeded into standing water by aircraft and the rice is grown on natural flatlands. Nearly 100 percent of these flatlands have been further leveled by laser-directed machinery. In rice monocrop systems, the land may be leveled to a slope of 0.02 to 0.05m/100m. In rice row-crop systems, grades of 0.1 to 0.2m/100m are required for drainage of irrigation of the rotation crop. Precision leveling has greatly facilitated water management and is considered second only to the introduction of semi-dwarf varieties as contributing to increased rice yields. In California, where the rain-free environment and high latitude provided maximum solar radiation and low disease pressure, farm yields average 7,600 pounds/acre. In the humid southern rice environments, disease (primarily blast and sheath blight), warm nights, cloudy days, and frequent thunderstorms at heading limit average yields to about 6,847 pounds/acre.

USDA Rice Situation & Outlook Yearbook, 2/09;

USA Rice Federation, U.S. Rice Domestic Usage Report, MY 2006/07

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California Rice Production by Type, 1998 - 2008

Crop year Short grain (%) Medium grain (%) Long grain (%)

1998 5.2 93.0 1.7 1999 9.5 89.6 0.9 2000 6.0 93.0 1.5 2001 4.0 93.3 2.6 2002 3.3 96.0 1.0 2003 7.0 92.0 1.2 2004 6.2 93.0 1.0 2005 8.3 90.0 1.6 2006 9.1 90.1 0.7 2007 9.2 89.3 1.4 2008 7.5 91.0 1.4

Sources: Appendix Table 8 Rice Situation & Outlook Yearbook, February, 2009, Economic Research

Service, USDA. California Field Crop Review, Vol. 30 No. 1, January 23, 2009, California Agricultural Statistics Service.

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U.S. Rice Production by Type, 1998 - 2008

Crop year Short grain (%) Medium grain (%) Long grain (%)

1998 0.9 24.0 76.0 1999 1.8 25.0 74.0 2000 1.3 31.1 67.4 2001 0.7 21.4 78.0 2002 0.7 25.0 75.0 2003 1.3 24.1 76.0 2004 1.4 25.2 73.3 2005 0.1 19.0 79.4 2006 2.0 23.0 76.0 2007 2.0 26.0 72.2 2008 1.6 23.2 75.2



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U.S. & California Rice Production, 1998 - 2008

Year U.S. California Hundredweights Metric Tons Hundredweights Metric Tons

1998 184,443,000 8,366,150 31,386,000 1,423,638 1999 206,027,000 9,345,179 36,690,000 1,664,222 2000 190,872,000 8,657,763 43,521,000 1,974,069 2001 215,270,000 9,764,432 38,490,000 1,745,868 2002 210,960,000 9,568,935 42,989,000 1,949,938 2003 199,897,000 9,067,128 39,036,000 1,770,634 2004 232,362,000 10,539,708 50,759,000 2,304,010 2005 222,833,000 10,107,482 38,836,000 1,761,562 2006 194,585,000 8,826,181 40,040,000 1,816,174 2007 198,388,000 8,998,681 43,684,000 1,981,463 2008 203,733,000 9,241,125 43,030,000 1,951,798



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U.S. & California Paddy Rice Yields, 1998 - 2008

Year U.S. California

Pounds Kilograms Pounds Kilograms per acre per hectare per acre per hectare

1998 5,663 6,348 6,850 7,769 1999 5,866 6,576 7,270 8,150 2000 6,281 7,041 7,940 8,901 2001 6,496 7,282 8,170 9,159 2002 6,578 7,374 8,140 9,125 2003 6,670 7,477 7,700 8,632 2004 6,988 7,834 8,600 9,641 2005 6,636 7,439 7,380 8,273 2006 6,847 7,675 7,600 8,520 2007 7,219 8,092 8,200 9,192 2008 6,846 7,674 8,320 9,327

Source: Appendix Table 12 Rice Situation & Outlook Yearbook, February, 2009, Economic Research Service, USDA.

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California Rice Acreage Harvested, 1998 - 2008

Year Acres Hectares

1998 478,000 193,590 1999 505,000 204,525 2000 548,000 221,940 2001 471,000 190,755 2002 528,000 213,840 2003 507,000 205,335 2004 590,000 238,950 2005 526,000 213,030 2006 523,000 211,815 2007 533,000 215,865 2008 517,000 209,385

Sources: Appendix Table 9 Rice Situation & Outlook Report, February 2009, Economic Research


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Source: United States Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Statistics Service, Quick Stats by State

Acreage Estimate by Type 2007/08 2007 2008 Estimate

Type Acres Hectares Percentage Acres Hectares Percentage

Short Grain 65,000 26,325 12.1 % 50,000 20,250 10 % Medium Grain 459,000 185,895 86.1 % 458,000 185,490 88.5 %

Long Grain 9,000 3,645 2 % 9,000 3,645 1.7 %

Total 533,000 215,865 100 517,000 209,385 100

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U.S. Rough & Milled Rice Total Usage Domestic & Export 1998 - 2008

Year* Hundredweights Metric Tons

1998 200,900,000 9,112,623 1999 210,700,000 9,557,141 2000 200,700,000 9,103,551 2001 218,000,000 9,888,262 2002 238,000,000 10,205,775 2003 218,000,000 9,888,262 2004 231,500,000 10,500,609 2005 234,700,000 10,645,757 2006 218,800,000 9,924,549 2007 232,200,000 10,532,360 2008** 225,000,000 10,205,775

*Year beginning August 1. **Projected. Source: Appendix Table 2 Rice Situation & Outlook Yearbook, February, 2009, Economic Research

Service, USDA. Includes imports.

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Total U.S. Rice Consumption,* 1998 - 2009

Market Year Hundredweights Metric Tons

1998-99 109,700,000 4,975,882 1999-00 118,100,000 5,356,898 2000-01 113,400,000 5,143,711 2001-02 119,300,000 5,411,329 2002-03 109,700,000 4,975,882 2003-04 110,800,000 5,025,777 2004-05 118,500,000 5,375,042 2005-06 116,400,000 5,279,788 2006-07 124,700,000 5,656,267 2007-08 120,600,000 5,470,295 2008-09** 123,300,000 5,592,765

* Includes imports and residual **Projected as of February 2009 Note: Residual is the sum of unreported use, processing losses and estimating errors. Source: Appendix Table 2 (Domestic Use) Rice Situation & Outlook Yearbook, February, 2009,

Economic Research Service, USDA.

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Conversion Information

1 pound = 0.454 kilogram 1 hundredweight = 100 pounds = 45.359 kilograms = 0.0454 metric tons

1 acre = 0.405 hectare

1 kilogram = 2.205 pounds 1 metric ton = 1,000 kilograms = 22.05 hundredweights = 2,205 pounds

1 hectare = 2.469 acres

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References Publications California Department of Food and Agriculture. California Agricultural Statistics Service. ------------ California Field Crop Review, Vol. 30 No. 1, January 23, 2009 United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Quick Stats United States Department of Agriculture. Commodity Economics Division. Economic Research Service. ------------ Rice Situation and Outlook Yearbook. February, 2009. RCS-2008.

Organizations California Department of Food and Agriculture 1220 N Street, Sacramento, California 95814 Tel: 916/654-0466 Economic Research Service-National Agricultural Statistics Service (ERS-NASS) United States Department of Agriculture 341 Victory Drive, Herndon, Virginia 22070 Tel: 800/999-6779 Fax: 703/834-0110 (for publication information) International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines Tel: 63/2/818-1926 or 63/2/812-7686 Fax: 63/2/818-2087 Rice Experiment Station P.O. Box 306, Biggs, CA 95917 Tel: 916/868-5481 Fax: 916/868-1730 USA Rice Federation 4301 North Fairfax Dr., Suite 425, Arlington, VA 22203-1616 Tel: 703/236-2300 Fax: 703/236-2301

PREPARED BY: CALIFORNIA RICE COMMISSION (CRC)

8801 FOLSOM BLVD., SUITE 172 SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95826

Telephone (916) 387-2264 • Fax (916) 387-2265

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