california
TRANSCRIPT
CALIFORNIA: A HISTORY
Brandon Richards
Map from 1650 (restored) depicting California
Ch. 1Queen Calafia’s Island
Early history of California began as myth
Montalvo’s Las Sergas de Esplandian chronicled a race
of black Amazons – Californians – under the control of
Queen Calafia
The Californians rode griffins and fought with golden
weapons; the area, itself, abound in precious stones and
gold
By the end of the story, Calafia, and the
Californians, had become Christians; the Queen married
a lieutenant and had further adventures
–
While California appears quiet and serene from above, below it is a brewing
of activity of clashing tectonic plates – which helped to give California the
shape of its terrain
Josiah Royce observed no lack of subtlety in California’s landscape: they
proclaim a bold and heroic arrangement
California houses 4 key ports: San Diego, San Francisco, Monterey, and
Humboldt; the San Fran. harbor is considered amongst the top naturally
formed harbors
The dropping and rising of mountain ranges gives with it stark contrasts of
the horizon
More than 25 generations of Native Americans have made their history in
California
In 1492, with initial European contact with the U.S., an estimated 1/3 –
more than 300,000 – Native Americans were living within the boundaries of
what is now California
Many, many tribes inhabited the state:
Yuki, Tolowa, Karok, Hoopa, Pomo, Maidu – and many more.
With this abundance of people, many linguistic/cultural features dot the
state
Ch. 10 O Brave New World!
California has been a hub of technology for decades
Aviation technology was perfected in CA not long after its introduction; by
the 30s, we were leading the way in atom-smashing; by the 50s, we helped
to usher in digital technology via semiconductor breakthroughs
At the top, CA reigns in Bio-Technology
California has always been friendly and open to the pursuit of a truth or
idea
Ingenuity has been abound in California before, and following, the
establishing of universities: the Pelton turbine – invented by Lester
Pelton – helped to change waterwheel technology; Joseph
Neri, after experimenting with electrical arc lighting, introduced
electrical arc lights/reflectors on the Centennial July 4th, 1876 –
demonstrating, for the first time in the world, public illumination via
electricity; John Montgomery pioneered heavier-than-air flight, and
was the first to ever record a flight: traveling a 600-foot distance at a
15-foot altitude; George Davidson, James, Lick, Richard Samuel
Floyd, and George Ellery Hale helped to pioneer large-lens
observatories; Lee de Forest, and Edwin Howard Armstrong
pioneered amplifiers/oscillators to help broadcast music and voices;
and many more inventions by many others
One of the largest contributions technology-wise from California was from
the Intel company, specifically Ted Hoff, who invented a processor chip that
allowed programmed intelligence through software
Hoff’s microprocessor was 1/16th of an inch long and had the calculating
power of the ENIAC computer of 1945, which had to be housed across an
expanse of 3,000-cubic ft.
With this breakthrough of processing power/ability, people such as Steve
Jobs and Steve Wozniak, would help to lead the way to the mass market of
personal computers
Ch. 12 Ecumenopolis
Diversity has always been a large part of California’s history
Native Americans and Mexicans were a primary force in the state;
however, later, Spanish found its way in – people would claim to be
“Spaniards,” but, only in reference to the crown
The arrival of English, French, and Russian settlers helped the diversity
flourish even more; the Gold Rush, also, brought with it a plethora of
diverse peoples; also, the immigration of people from China, Japan, and
Korea was, of course, mainly into California
As diversity increases, so, too, does discrimination
The Spanish were not too privy to the Natives when they arrived; in the late 19th
century, growing anti-Chinese sentiment grew: crusades such as “Chinese Must Go”; anti-Japanese sentiment was also voiced in the vein of a “White California” – looking back, it now seems funny that these movement grew in San Francisco
By the early 20th century, San Fran had the highest proportion of foreign-born residents relative to population than any other state
Besides the anti-Asian movements in the 19th century, the largest discriminatory campaigns/events/what-have-you was standard white and black division
Two major examples: Watts Riot (1965) and LA Riots (1995)
The current problem facing California is that of illegal immigrants
With it, of course, comes vast anti-illegal sentiment
One issue faced – and still faced – is the debate regarding the inclusion –
rather, catering to – Spanish-only teaching; however, the de facto language
of California is English, and many consider it necessary for anyone entering
and wishing to stay
Allegiances to past culture should be somewhat shelved if one is to
become a citizen; when one identifies as a citizen of California – and the
U.S. – it shall be the prevalent identity if an immigrant is to become a part
of the culture