calendar of queen's college, 1868-69
TRANSCRIPT
6
IniupraUg
ffitbrarg
KINGSTON. ONTARIO
CALENDAR
OF
Iniberstfi aitb €«lltgt,
KINGSTON, CANADA.
SESSION 1868-69.t
INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER.
KINGSTON
;
PRINTED FOR THE UNIVERSITY AT THE DAILY NEWS OFFICE,
1868.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.Chairman—
T
he Honourable John Hamilton Kingston.Secretary-Treasurer—
W
illiam Ireland, Esq Kingston.
CLERICAL TRUSTEES.
Rey. Georoe Bell, B.A Clifton.
Rey. John Jenkins, D.D..,. Montreal.Rey. Francis Nicol London.Rey. Huoh Urquhart, D.D Cornwall.Rey. Wm. M. Inglis, M.A., P.R.S.E Kingston.Rey. Alexander Spence, D.D OttaY^a.
Rey. John Barclay, D.D Toronto.Rey. Kenneth Maclennan, M.A Whitby.Rey. William Bain, M.A Perth.
Rey. Alex. Mathieson, D.D Montreal.Rey. Archibald Walker Belleville.
The Principal, ex officio Kingston.
LAY TRUSTEES.
Hon. John Rose Montreal.Hon. John Hamilton, Senator Kingston.Judge Logie Hamilton.James Michie, Esq Toronto.Robert Cassels, Esq Toronto.Alex. McLean, Esq Cornw^all.
Neil J. McGilliyray, B.A Williamstown.James Croil, Esq Morfisburg.Hugh Allan, Esq Montreal.
Hon. Donald McDonald, Senator Toronto.
John Paton, Esq Kingston.Archibald Barker, Esq Markham.Alexander Morris, M.A., D.C.L , Perth.
George Dayidson, Esq Kingston.
George L. Mowat, Esq Kingston.
department should be addressed to the Secretary,
8
®|e tffllUp
Very Rev. WILLIAM SNODGRASS, D.D.,
Principal and Primarius Professor of Divinity.
Rev. JOHN B. MOWAT, M.A.,
Professor of Oriental Languages, Biblical Criticism, and Church History.
Rev. JAMES WILLIAMSON, M.A., LL.D.,
Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.
Rev. JOHN 0. MURRAY,Professor of Rhetoric, Logic, Metaphysics, and Ethics.
ROBERT BELL, C.E., F.G.S., F.O.S.,
Professor of Geology
Rev. JOHN H. MACKERRAS, M.A.,
Professor of Classical Literature.
NATHAN F. DUPUIS, M.A.,
Professor of Chemistry and Natural History.
Secretary
—
Professor Mowat.
@%r ®®OT anJi
Registrar
—
Professor Mowat.
Secretary to Convocation, Library } ^Curatoi, and Observatory Board,
]Mowat.
Members of Convocation.Trustees, The Principal, Professors, Lecturers, Tutors, Fellows, Graduates.
Observatory Board.The Principal, Professor Williamson, M. Flanagan, Esq.Director of the Observatory—Professor Williamson.Observer—Nathan Fellowes Dupuis, M.A.
Cnrators of the Library.The Principal, Professor Williamson, Professor Mowat.
Librarian—Nathan Fellowes Dupuis, M.A.
Curator of the Museum—The Professor of Natural History.
Janitor—John Cormack.
j8^“ Communications regarding matters belonging to the teaching department
should be addressed to Professor Mowat, Secretary to the Senate.
4
BENEFACTIONS.ENDOWMENTS AND BEQUESTS.
St. Andrew’s Churcli Ladles’ Association, Toronto;Scholarship
Ladies of Kingston—Scholarship
His Hoyal Highness The Pbince of Wales
—
Prize
The late John Mowat, Esq., Kingston—Scholarship
Rev. Alexander Lewis, Mono—Prize
The late George Micitie, Esq., Toronto ...
Friends of the- late Principal Lettch in Scotland and Canada,Scholarships
$ 800 001113 00800 00800 00400 00
2000 00
2433 33
ANNUAL CONTRIBUTIONS..
Hugh Allan, Esq,Montreal—Scholarship 50 00
Hon. Alexander Campbell, Senator, Kingston—Scholarship 80 00John Watkins, Esq., Kingston, “ ... 80 00Students’ Missionary Association, St. Andrews, Scotland—Scho-
larship . 34 00Students’Missionary Association, Aberdeen, Scotland—Scholars’p 34 00Members of the Board of Trustees, “ ... 40 00Members of Senate, “ ... 65 00Donald Ross, Esq., Montreal, “ ... 100 00A. Friend, Kingston—Cataraqni Scholarship 50 00St. Paul’s Church, Montreal—Tv/o Scholarships 120 00Edward H. Hardy, Esq., Kingston—Two Scholarships ... 100 00Montreal Prizes 40 00Church Agents’ Prize 25 00Government Grant 5000 00General Assembly, Church of Scotland 1715 00
DONATIONS, 1867-68.
A few friends in Scotland, per the Principal
The Principal
A Friend, KingstonRev. J. Macleod, Glencoe, to Prize Fund ...
For endowment of a new Theological Professorship, including£100 stg. from John Donaldson, Esq., Keppoch, Scotland,
112 9025 0020 005 00
829 17
To the Library—Rev. W. Bell, Pittsburg, 21 vols.;Friends in Montreal,
52 vols.;Rev. H. Urquhart, D.D., Cornwall, 9 vols.
;Professor Bell,
150 vols.;Prov. Secretary’s Office, P. E. L, 5 vols.
;Rev. A. Pollok,
Kew Glasgow, H. 8., 9 vols.;Friends in Scotland, 59 vols.
;W. Ire-
land, Esq., Kingston, 32 vols.;Rev. G. Romanes, LL.D, London, 151
vols.;The Principal, 18 vols.
;Rev. R. Neill, Seymour, 38 vols.
;Mrs.
Young, Stirling, 20 vols.;Prof. Mackerras, 9 vols.; W. Weir, Esq.,
Montreal, 6 vols.;Patent Olfice, Washington, 9 vols.
;A Friend,
Kingston, 7 vols.;Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 14 vols.
;
Sir George Airy, 50 vols. (to Observatory);Geological Survey, 3 vols
and 24 jDamiihlcts;sundry smaller donations, 44 vols.
To the Mii^seum—'RQ'Y. C. I. Cameron, M.A., Bombay, a large and variedcollection of shells from the Indian seas.
*7
8
9
16
6
27
12
23
9.
5
29
15
26
8
10
23
25
26
31
5
6
12
19
20
27
29
5
ACADEMIC YEAE 1868-^.
Session begins.
Examinations for Movrat and Cataraqni Scholarships.
Matriculation Examinations in Arts begin.
University day—Convocation, Registration, &c.
Matriculation Examinations in Theology begin.
Written Examinations.
Matriculation Examinations in Faculty of Medicine.
Classes close for Christmas Holidays
Classes re-open—Written Examinations.
Written Examinations.
Last day for receiving Theses for M.D.
Written Examinations.
Last day for receiving su!>jects of Theses for M.A.
Primary and Pinal Examinations in Medicine commence,
fleeting of Senate to grant Degrees in Medicine.
Convocation for laureation of Medical Graduates.
Vfritten Examinations.
Last day for irdimating intention of appearing at ensuingExaminations.
Last day for receiving Tiieses for M.A.
Regular Class Work in Arts concluded.
University Examinations in Arts l)egin.
University Examinations in Theology begin.
Class Tickets given in to Professors for certification.
Meeting of Senate to grant (Icgrees in Arts,and Theology.
Convocation for laureating Graduates, announcing Honours,distributing Prizes, and electing Fellows.
’
6
GENERAL ANNOUNCEMENTS.
Qup:en’s College was incorporated with the style and privi-
leges of a University by a Royal Charter dated 16th October,
1841.
The twenty-seventh Session will be opened on the first
Wednesday, (Tth of) October, 1868, at3 o’clock P.M., whenan address will be delivered by Professor Mowat.
By its centT'al sitnation Kingston is easily accessible. Suit-
able boarding can be obtained at moderate expense.
Students are particularly requested to give carefid
attention to all intimations in the following pages affecting
them.! as no allowance can he made for oversight or misunder-standing with respect to matters explicitly announced.
Registration.—All Students are required to have their
names and other particulars inserted in the College Register.
Production to the Registrar of the Treasurer’s receipt for
fees is absolutely necessary.
The following declaration must be signed at the time ofRegistration—no other suliscription is exacted :
—
“ I, , being now admitted a Student of Queen’s College, do herebysincerely and solemnly declare and promise that I shall at all times render duerespect and obedience to the Principal, Professors, and other authorities of th»
University, and strictly observe the Laws and Statutes thereof;that I shall give a
regular attendance at my classes., and shall apply myself carefully and diligently
to the studies in which I am engaged, and perform to the utmost of my power the
exercises prescribed;that I shall conduct myself in a courteous and peaceable
manner towards my fellow Students;and that I shall always maintain and defend
the rights and privileges of the University, and never seek in any way or mannerthe hurt or prejudice thereof.”
MATRicpLATioN.—All iuteucling Graduates must pass an-
nually the University Examination at the commencement of
the Session. Every Student, before matriculating for the first
time, must produce a certificate of character from his Minister
or other competent person.
Morning Prayers.—All Students are required to attend
prayers. In special cases absence is allowed by the Principal
or Senate. The attendance is marked in the University cer-
tificates. Students are also required to attend on Sabbath the
churches to which they belong, and at the close of the Session
to produce certificates of regular attendance from their Clergy-
men.
The Library.—Students may borrow books subject to the
By-Laws, on producing their Registration Tickets to the Libra-
rian. The Library contains over 8000 volumes.
The Observatory.
—
In 1855 subscribers, aided by the City
Corporation, founded an Astronomical Observatory, which wastransferred by deed to the University in 1861. It contains
valuable instruments. A variety of additional apparatus,
particularly a large Transit Circle, witli two Sidereal Clocks,
and the means of Galvanic Registration of Transits, is muchrequired. I^umerous important observations are taken andcarefully recorded. Barometer and Thermometer indications
are observed twice a day, and the results supplied weekly to
the Press. Local time is regularly given to the pity clock-
keeper. A course of free lectures on Astronomy is given
annually.
The Museum.—The Mineralogical and Palaeontological col-
lections are extensive and valuable. Occasional demonstra-
tions are given to Students. Friendly services towards the
furnishing and enlargement of the Museum are solicited.
Fees.—The following fees are payable strictly in advance
—
Class fees on LTniversity day (16th October);Graduation fees
on or before 27th April.
Full course of four years in Arts, 23 cr Session ...
One year’s Classes when not taken a^ jDart of Full Course ..
A singly Class in any Department(These charges include Registration Fee of $4, and fee for Apparatus $1.)
Matriculation Examination $1 ;Pass Examination $3
Graduation Fee, Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)“ Master of Arts (M.A.)“ Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.)
Admission ad eundem statum
Admission ad eundem gradum^ B.ADo. do. M.A
$25 0030 0010 00
3 0010 0020 0020 004 00
10 0020 00 *
FACULTY OF ARTS.
Matriculation Examinations and Competitions for Scholar-
ships begin on Thursday, 8th October.
The Full Course extends over four Sessions of seven monthseach, but when Intrants jjass with perfect satisfaction the
Matriculation Examination of the second year, they maygraduate after three Sessions. The appointed order of Classes
must be observed by intending graduates. Other Studentsmay enter any of the Classes in any order they please.
Students from other Colleges are admitted ad eundem statumon the production of satisfactory certificates of attendance andprogress.
I. ATTENDANCE.Hours.
91011
13
9101112
9101112
9101113
Monday.|
Tuesday.1
Wednesday.
First Year.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.Rhetoric.
Classics,Mathematics.
Classics.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics,Rhetoric.
Second Year.
Mathematics.Classics.
Chemistry.
Mathematics.Classics.Chemistry.
Logic.
Mathematics.]
Classics,1
Chemistry.
Third Year,
Botany& Zool’yClassics.
Metaphysics. I
Nat. Philosophy]
1
Botany&Zoory1
Classics,Metaphysics. I
Nat.Philosophyl
1
Botany&Zoory|1
Classics.1
Metaphysics. I
Nat.Philosophyl
Fourth Year.
Ethics.Geology.
Nat. PhilosophyGreek,
Ethics.Geology.
Nat, PhilosophyGreek,
Ethics.1
Geology.Nat.Philosophy
Greek.I
IThursday.
|Friday.
Classics.Mathematics.
Classics.
Mathematics.Classics.Chemistry.
Logic.
Classics.Metaphysics.
Classics.Mathematics,
Classics.Rhetoric.
Mathematics.Classics.
Chemistry.
Classics.Metaphysics.
Ethics.Geology.
Nat. PhilosophyGreek,
9
11. SUBJECTS OF STUDY.A.—CLASSICS.
First Year,
LATIN. GREEK.
Cicero, in Catilinam, I. Homer, Iliad, Book I.
Virgil, .^neid. Book XII. Lucian, Charon.Horace, Odes, Book I. Gospel by John.
Additionalfor Honours.
Cicero, Pro Archia. Xenophon, Anabasis, Bk. V.Horace, Epodes. Homer, Odyssey, Bk. XH.
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to GreekProsody.
Second Year,
COLLATERAL SUBJECTS.
Latin Prose C omposition.
Latin Prosody.
Roman Antiquities.
Cicero de Oratore, Bk. H. Demosthenes, Philip, I.
Virgil, Georgies, Bk. IV. Euripides, Alcestis.
Livy, Bk. XXH. Acts of the Apostles.
Additionalfor Honours.
Tacitus, Annals, Bk. L] Herodotus, Bk. VI.
Horace, Ars Poetica. " Homer, Odyssey, Bk. XXL
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to GreekAccentuation.
Third Year,
Latin Prose Composition.Latin Verse.
Greek Prose Composition.Greek Prosody.
Greek Antiquities.
Tacitus, Agricola. Plato, Crito.
Terence, Andrian. Sophocles, Antigone.Cicero, proLigario. Demosthenes,- Philip, II.
Epistle to the Ephesians.
Additionalfor Honours.
Livy, Book XXI. Plato, Apology.Juvenal, Satire X. Pindar, Olympic Odes.
Latin Verse.
Latin Prose CompositionGreek Composition.Greek Prosody.
Greek Antiquities.
Special attention to be given during summer vacation to GreekProsody and Accentuation.
Fourth Year,
Thucydides, Bk. I. Greek Prosody,^schylus, Prometheus. Greek Composition.Hesiod, Works and Days.
Additional for Honours,
Demosthenes, De Corona.
Aristophanes, The Knights.
10
B.—MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
First Year—Mathematics.
Euclid I.-VI. (Simson), Algebra (Wood, pp. 1-174, omitting pp136-161.) Collateral Subjects. Logarithms. Exercises in Algebraand G-eometry.
Subjects of Fir^l Pass Examination;—work of the Session, includingCollateral Subjects. For Honours ;—the same, with subjects in Wood,pp. 136-161,—and Trigonometry, Definitions, Propositions 1-6
(Playfair’s Euclid, by Kelland, ed. 1859, pp. 167-1G9, 180-183.)
Summer work for Matriculation Examination second year ;—Euclid XI,
1-21, 33, XII. 1, 2, with 1st Lemma, (Simson). Algebra—Arithme-tical, Geometrical and Harmonical Progressions, Permutations andCombinations. (Wood, ed. 1861, pp. 161-180.)
Second Year—Mathematics.Trigonometry—Definitions, Propositions, 1—6 (Playfair’s Euclid by Kel-
land.) Conic Sections (Whewell.) Plane and Spherical Trigono-metry (Snowball.) Analytical Geometry (Hann’s in Wcale’s Series).
Collateral subjects :—Exercises. Plane and Geodetical Surveying, withthe use of Surveying and Astronomical instruments.
Subjects of Second Pass Examination ;—the work of the Session, includingCollateral Subjects. For Honours;— all the Mathematics ot theprevious Course.
Summer work for Matriculation Examination third year ;—Men-suration (Weale’s Series, pp. 19-66). Hydrostatics (Galbraith andHaughton, chap. I. II.)
A Prize will be awarded to the best solutions of the problems inSnowball (ed. 1863), p. 149, § XIX. 1-12, inclusive, and p. 158, § XXIV.1-9, inclusive, given in by the 15th October of the Third Session.
Third Year—JSTatueal Philosophy.
Mechanics (Galbraith and Haughton’s). Hydrostatics (do.) Draper’sNatural Philosophy. Analytical Geometry and Ditferential Calculus,one day in the week (Ritchie, Hall). Collateral Subjects :—Problemsin Mechanics and Hydrostatics.
Subjects of Third Pass Examination;—work of the Session, includingCollateral subjects. For Honours;—all the Mathematics of the Un-dergraduate Course, and the Physics of the Session, together withsuch additional books and subjects, or parts of books and subjects,as the Student may profess.
Summer work for Matriculation Examination fourth year;—Oj)tics(Galbraith and Haughton).
Fourth Year—Natural Philosophy.
Lectures. Astronomy (Galbraith and Haughton). Integral Calculus, oneday in the week. Collateral subjects;—Problems in NaturalPhilosophy. Essays.
Final Examination for Degree of B.A. : Pass Examination the Elementsof the Mathematics and Physics of the Undergraduate Course. ForHonours all the Mathematics and Physics of the UndergraduateCourse. Evan’s Newton’s Principia, ed. 1855, sec. II. pp. 26-52.
11
C.—RHETORIC, LOGIC, METAPHYSICS, AND ETHICS.
jBirst Year—Khetokic.
The studies in this Class embrace the following subjects :
—
I. The English Language. Text-book : Latham’s Handboolc of the English
Language. 11. The History of English Literature. Text-book: Collier’s
History of English Literature. HI. The Principles of Rhetorical Composition.
IV. The Principles of Elocution.
Subjects of the First Pass Examination
:
—Latham’s Handbook, Parts
H., HI., and IV.;Collier’s History, the first five eras. Additional for
Honours : Latham’s Handbook, Parts I. and VI.;Collier’s History, the
sixth and seventh eras;Milton’s Paradise Lost, Books VII. and VIII.
A Prize is offered to the Students who have been members of the class
during the past Session for the best Essay on the Life and WorTcs ofMilton. The essays must be given in on or before 1st November.
Second Year—Logic.
In this Class, while Whately’s work is used as a text-book,
the Lectures contain ex230sitions of the improvements whichhave been introduced by recent Logicians.
Subject of the Second Pass Examination :—Whately’s Logic^ Books H.and HI. Additional for Honours : Bacon’s Novum Organon.
A Prize is offered to those Students who have been members of the
class during the past Session, for the best Essay on Induction. The essays
must be given in on or before 1st November.
Third Year—Metaphysics.
Text-book : Hamilton's Metajfhysics by Bowen. The Lec-
tures treat of
The. Science of Knowledge. I. Knowledge in general. II. Know-ledge in its special forms. § 1. Intuitive. (1) Presentative. {a) Self-
Consciousness. (Jj)Perception. (2) Representative, (a) Its kinds, a
Simple Imagination. /9. Memory (b) Its Laws. § 2. Comparative.(1) Judgment. (2) Reasoning. (3) Generalization. (4) Poetic Im-agination. {a) Beauty, (b) Art.
Subjects of the Third Pass Examination:—Hamilton's Metaphysics byBowen, chaps. I.-XXVI., inclusive; and the Professor’s Lectures. Addi-tional for Honours : Kant’s Critique of the Pure Reason., the TranscendentalEsthetic and the Transcendental Analytic
;Schwegler’s History of
Philosophy., §§ 1-22 inclusive.
A Prize is offered to the Students who were members of the Class inSession 1867-8, for the best Essay on Utilitarianism. The essays must begiven in on or before 1st November.
Fourth Year—Ethics.
Text-book : Stewart’s Outlines ofMoral Philosojphy by Mc-Cosli. The Lectures embrace
12
A. Ethics, or the Science of the Formation of Character. I. The Feelings.
II. The Appetencies. III. Ethical action. IV. Ethical Consciousness.
V. Duties. VI. Virtues.
B. Ontology, or the Science of Existence. I. Existence in general. II.
Existence in its special forms. § 1. The Ego or mind. § 2. The Non-ego or matter. § 3. The Universe. § 4. God.
Subjects of the Final Examination :—Stewart’s Outlines of MoralPhilosophy, by McCosh, Part II.
;and tlie Professor’s Lectures. Addi-
tional for Honours : Kant’s Critique of the Pure Peason, the Transcendental
Dialectic;Mackintosh’s Dissertation on the progress of Ethical Science.
D.—CHEMISTRY AND NATURAL HISTORY.
Second Year—Chemistey.
The work of the Session will embrace the principles of
Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, and will be illustrated bydiagrams, experiments, and explanatory lectures.
I Text-book: Draper’s Chemistry; ^6?. 1866; commencing at Part I.
Pass Examination :—Whole work of the Session;for Honours—Part I.
of the Text-book.
Third Year—BonKEY and Zoology.^'
From the commencement of the Session to the Christmas
vacation tlie work will embrace the principles of Botany, with
the classification of plants.
Text-book : Gray’s First Lessons in Botany^
From January to the close of the Session the subjects for
study will be the function and classification of animals.
Text-book ;—Patterson’s Zoology, (last edition.)
Pass Examination :—Whole work of the Session;
for Honours—
a
special paper.
Fourth Year—Geology.f
This subject includes Mineralogy and Palseontology. TheLectures are illustrated bj^ large collections of minerals, rock-
specimens and fossils from all parts of the world, and an exten-
sive series of instructive diagrams. Heads of Lectures:
—
I. Characters of minerals. II. Crystallography. HI. Descriptions of
the most important mineral species. IV. Physiographical geology. V.Dynamical geology. VI. Lithology. VH. Arrangement of ]*ocks. VIII.
Chronological geology. IX. Palseoiitology. X. Geology of Canada.
XI. Geological observation and surveying. XII. Application of geology.
* Chemistry for third year Students this Session,
t Class opens on 5th January.
13
Text-books : Dana’s Manual of Geology
;
Chapman’s Minerals andGeology of Canada.
Subjects of Final Examination ;—the work ofthe Session. Additionalfor Honours
;Dana’s Manual of Mineralogy
;
Ansted’s A^pplications ofGeology,
III EXAMmATIONS. _All regular Students are required to submit to frequent Oral
Examinations in their several Classes, and also to an Examina-tion in writing every month.
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS.
These are in writing chiefly, and correspond to the several
years as follows :
—
FiTst Matrioulation or Undergradiiate Examination :—Latin.
—
Livy, Book II., chap. 1-15 inclusive;Virgil, .^neid, Book II.
Translation from English into Latin Prose.
Greek.
—
Grammar;Xenophon, Anabasis, Book I.
Arithmetic.—As far as Vulgar and Decimal Fractions, and the Extrac-tion of Roots, inclusive.
Algebra.
—
To the end of simple equations.
Geometry.
—
Euclid, Books I. and 11.
English Grammar and Composition.—Bullion’s Analytical and PracticalGrammar of the English Language.
First Pass on the books and subjects prescribed for the first
year’s Classes, with the addition of the Historical portions ofthe Pentateuch and Joshua."^'
Second Matriculation on subjects of first year, with additionsprescribed in the diftercnt Departments.
Second Pass on the books and subjects prescribed for thesecond year’s Classes, with the addition of the Historical por-tions of the Four Gosjpels and Acts of the Apostles.'^'
Third Matricidation on subjects of second year, witli- ad-ditions prescribed in the difterent Departments.
Third Pass on the books and subjects prescribed for thethird year’s Classes, with history in Judges^ Puth^ I. Ct II.Samuel., and Porteus’ Evidences."^
* Marks obtained for this addition are not essential to passing, as the subjectdoes not belong to any particular Department, but they are reckoned in determin-ing the rank of candidates with respect to the Examination as a whole.
14
Third Matriculation on \\\q subjects of the previous part of
the Curriculum, with additions prescribed in the different
Departments.
Final Examination on the books and subjects prescribed
for the fourth year’s Classes, with History in I II. Kings^Ezm^ Eehemiah^ Esther^ Joh^ Daniel., and Jonah.
Candidates receive Certificates, in which the manner of
passing or the cause of not passing is stated. Honours maybe taken at any Pass Examination in any Department, butonly when candidates pass in all Departments. A Depart-ment includes all subjects taught by a Professor during oneSession.
MARKS FOR UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS.
FIEST YEAR. [SECOND YEAR. THIRD YEAR. FOURTH YEAR.
Classics 2000Mathematics . . 1000Rhetoric . . . . 900
Bible History . . 200
4100
Classics .. .. 1000Mathematics .. 1500Logic 600Natural Science. 1000Bible History . . 200
4300
Classics .. .. 1000Nat.Philo’phy,&c 1500Metaphysics .. 1500Natural Science 1000BibleHistory, &c. 200
5200
Classics .. .. 1000Nat. Philosophy. 1000
1
Ethics 1000Natural Science. 1008Bible History . . 200
4200
lY. GKADUATIOH.
The Degree of Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) is obtained only byExamination. Candidates must complete the Curriculum,
pass all University Examinations in the Course, and reach a
certain standard in Final Examinations.
A Student’s appearance at the Final Examinations without
being sufficient for Graduation may secure the right of com-peting for a Theological Scholarship.
The Degree of Master (M.A.) can be taken only after twoyears from the date of Graduation as Bachelor. The candi-
date must compose a satisfactory Thesis on some subject taught
in the Faculty, or closely bearing upon one of the Departmentsof study. The subject must be intimated to the Senate for
approval before the 1st day of March. The Thesis must beaccompanied by proof that the candidate is twenty-one jmars
of age.
Graduates of other Colleges are admitted ad eimdem gradumon producing satisfactory proof of rank and character.
The Degree of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) is honorary, and is
awarded for literary, scientific, or professional distinction.
FACULTY OF THEOLOGY.
Matriculation Examinations and Competitions for Scholar-
ships begin on Friday, 6th November.
The Curriculum extends over three Sessions, and in each the
Classes in Divinity, Hebrew, Church History, and Biblical
Criticism must be attended by all Students having in view the
Ministry of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in connection
with the Church of Scotland.
SUBJECTS OF STUDY.
A.—DIVINITY.
Honrs—9-10 a.m. and 2-3 p.m.
The subjects of lecture for Session 1868-9 are Systematic
Theology and Homiletics, with prelections and examinations
on Hill’s Lectures on Divinity, Books Y. and YI.;Butler’s
Analogy, Introduction and Pnrt II., chaps. 7 and 8; Paley’s
Evidences, Part III.;Greek Testament for Doctrinal Exegesis.
During the Curriculum Students are examined on the wholeof Hill’s Lectures, Butler’s Aualogy, and Paley’s Evidences.
During part of each Session the Students, in turn, open the
class with devotional exercises. Third year Students are
formed into a Committee for Missionary work on Sabbath.The Convener reports arraugements weekly, and the Profes-
sors may intimate their intention to be present and take part
of the duty. This work is optional to Students of the first andsecond year. On Friday afternoon, during part of the Session,
the hour is devoted to exercises in pulpit elocution.
16
B.—ORIENTAL LANGUAGES, BIBLICAL CRITICISM, ANDCHURCH HISTORY.
Hebrew, Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic.
First Year.
10—11 A.M.
Wolfe’s Hebrew Grammar.Gen. I.-III.
Josh. XXIII-XXIV.Obacliah.Translations into Hebrew.
Second Year.
4—5 p.M.
Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar.Prov. XIV.-XVI.Job. XXXVHI.-XLI.Eccles. X.-XII.Isaiah L.-LIV.Translations into Hebrew.
Third Year.
11—12 A.M.
Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar.Ps. I.-XXX., Jer. VIII.-X.Translations into Hebrew.Rigg’s Chaldee Manual.Ezra IV.
;Daniel II.-HI.
Uhlemann’s Syriac Grammar.Syriac New Testament.Stewart’s Arabic Grammar.Arabic Old Testament.
Biblical Criticism,
First and Second Years,
Tues., Wednes., and Fri., 3—4 p.m.
I. Corinthians in Greek.Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part II.
Lectures.
Third Year.
Tues., Wed. andiFri., 12—1.
Acts of Apostles in Greek.Trollope on Acts.Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part I., Ch. IV., Sec-tions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 ;
Part II., Ch. III.,
Sections 1 and 2.
Lectures.
Church History.
First and Second Years. Third Year.
Mon. and Thurs. 3—4 p.m. Wednes. and Fri., 12—1.
Killen’s Ancient Church, Period IL, Sec- Wharey’s Church History.tion I., III., Chaps. VIII.-XIII. History of the Church of Scotland.
Lectures. Lectures.
Tlie Cliiircli requires the following discourses to be delivered
during the Course :—Homily and Exegesis;Lecture and Greek
Exercise;Sermon and Hebrew Exercise. Two are delivered
each Session in the above order.
EXAMIHATIOHS.
Students are examined orally almost every day, and in
writing monthly. There are also Matriculation and PassExaminations. The latter embrace the whole work of aSession, and the second and thirds Matriculation Examinationsinclude in addition any books or subjects prescribed for
summer study. Both the Matriculation and Pass Examinationsrank as University Examinations.
Subjects of Matriculation Examination
—
In Department A.
First Fmr.-—Westminster Confession of Faith, and Hill’s Lectures, BookI., Chapters 2, 3, 4.
Second and Third Studies of last Session in Text-books used.
In Department B.
First Tear.—Gospel by Mark in Greek and English.
Second and Third Tears.—Greek—Eph. II.-VI.;Ellicott on Eph. II.-VI.
;
Angus’ Bible Handbook, Part 11., Chap. I., Sec. I.-III.;Killen’s
Ancient Church, Period II., Sec. III., Chaps. I.-VII. Hebrew—Juniors—Wolfe’s Grammar, Isaiah LV.-LVII : Seniors—Gesenius’
Grammar, pages 1-117;Ezek. XXXV.-XXXVIII.
The following marks are used, and Pass Candidates mustobtain one-third of the whole and one-fourth of each number :
—
Systematic Theology, 200;Hebrew and Chaldee, 150
;Bibli-
cal Criticism, 90 ;Church History, 60.
GKADUATION.
To obtain the Degree of Bachelor of Divinity (B.D.) Students
must have the Degree of B.A., must complete the Curriculumof three years, pass all the University Examinations in their
Theological Course, and at a Special Examination gain three-
fourths of tlie marks allotted to each of the following subjects :
—
1. The prelections of the Third Session.
2. Greek;Acts of the Apostles.
3. Church History;Wharey’s Church History and History of the
Church of Scotland.
4. Biblical Criticism;
Angus’ Bible Handbook, Ch. IV., Rules ofInterpretation.
5. Hebrew ;—Psalms I.-XXV.;Chaldee ;—Daniel II., III.
6. Paley’s Evidences.
7. Butler’s Analogy.
8. Hill’s Lectures in Divinity (Evidences excepted).
These subjects, excepting the first, are prescribed by Act of Synod, 1867,to Candidates for License. The Synod’s list also includes Book I. or III.
of the Odes of Horace, Book I., III. or VI. of Homer’s Iliad, Stewart’sOutlines of Moral Philosophy, and a written exercise in composition, or askeleton sermon on a prescribed text.
Alumni of former years, or of other Colleges, producingapproved certificates of attendance and study, may appear as
Candidates for the Degree. In their case the subjects ofExamination are 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, of the above list.
;Hebrew,
Exodus I.-XXI., and Psalms I.-XLI.;Chaldee, Dan. H.,III.
The Degree of Doctor of Divinity (D.D.) is Honorary, andis given for literary, scientific, or professional distinction.
18
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20
UNIVEKSITY PRIZES.
I. Peinoe of Wales—Probable value $60—for the best papersat the Examination for B.A.
II. Monteeal—Value $20—for the best translation of the.Choral Odes of the Medea of Euripides, and Essay onthe beauties and defects of the tragedy as a work of art.
Open to all Students.
III. Monteeal—Yalue $20—for the best Essay, expository andcritical, on Spenser’s Fcerie Queene. Open to all Students.
lY. Lewis—Value $25—for the best Lecture on John I., 1-11.
Open to Students of Theology.
Y. Chuech Agent’s—Value $25—for the best Sermon onI. John II., 2. Open to Students of Theology.
CONDITIONS.
1. Essays are to be sent to the Registrar not later than the second Monday of
November, before which date competitors must be registered as Students.
2. Each competitor is to inscribe a motto on his Essay, and attach a sealed
envelope bearing the same motto and containing his name, with a declaration that
the Essay is his unaided composition;and the envelope is to be opened and the
author’s name ascertained in Convocation only.
3. The successful Essays are to be deposited in the Library and remain the
property of the University. They may be printed upon recommendation of the
judges.
4. An Essay to be successful must be judged to be of sufficient merit.
N.B.—These Prizes, though instituted by private liberality, rank as University
Prizes, and successful competitors carry very high honours.
CLASS PRIZES.
The Trustees make an annual grant for prizes to the mostdistinguished Students. Awards may be made by the Profes-
sors for eminence in any kind of Class-work, but they are
usually determined by the Written Examinations andExercises.
FACULTY OF MEDICIIE.-^-
GEADUATION.I. Candidates must pass a Matriculation Examination.
II. They mnst produce to the Senate, at such time as the
Senate may appoint, satisfactorj^ Certificates or Tickets showing
1. That they are of the full age of twenty-one years;
2. That they are persons of good moral character;
3. That they have been registered, after Matriculation;
4. That they have been engaged in Medical Studies for a period of four
years; (One year’s instruction under a qualified Medical Practitioner prior
to attendance upon public lectures is regarded as equivalent to a year at
College, and Graduates in Arts may complete their course by three years’
attendance upon public lectures.)
5. That their attendance upon public lectures has been at least four-
fifths of the teaching time of each Session, reckoned with regard to eachsubject mentioned in clause six of this By-law
;provided always, that
allowance may be made for sickness;
6. That they have attended lectures in the following branches : Generaland Practical Anatomy, Materia Medica and Pharmacy, Physiology or
Institutes of Medicine, and Chemistry, two courses of six months each, andPractical Chemistry, one course of three months; Theory and Practice ofMedicine, Principles and Practice of Surgery, Midwifery and Diseases ofWomen and Children, two courses of six months each
;and Medical
Jurisprudence, Clinical Medicine, Clinical Surgery, and Botany, onecourse of three months each
;and that during the first year the attend-
ance has been confined to the four subjects first mentioned
;
7. That they have compounded Medicines, &c,, for two periods of six
months or one period of twelve months in the office of a duly qualified
Practitioner, and have attended at least six cases of Midwifery.
III. Candidates must pass an Examination on all the subjects
mentioned in the preceding By-law;but the Examination may
consist of two parts—a Primary and a Final,
lY. Candidates must compose an approved Thesis on someMedical subject.
The Degree of M.D. entitles the holder to the Diploma of the RoyalCollege of Surgeons, London, on passing the required examination.
Graduates are entitled to Registration under “The Medical Act forUpper Canada,” on payment of thc^ required fee.
The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons,
KINGSTON.
Incorporated by Act op Parliament and Affiliated to the University in 1866.
The Session begins on the first Wednesday of October.
TEACHING STAFF.JOHN R. DICKSON, M.D., M.R.C.P.L., and M.R.C.S.E., President.
Professor of the Principles and Practice of Surgery.
FIFE FOWLER, M.D., L.R.C.S., Edin., Registrar,
Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine.
MICHAEL LAVELL, M.D.,
Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children.
RODERICK KENNEDY, M.D., L.R.C.S., Edin.,
Professor of Forensic and State Medicine.
DONALD MACLEAN, M.D., L.R.C.S., Edin.,
Professor of the Institutes of Medicine.
MICHAEL SULLIVAN, M.D.,
Professor of Anatomy.
RODERICK KENNEDY, M.D., L.R.C.S., Edin.,
Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D.,
Assistant Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy.
JAMES NEISH, M.D.,
Professor of Chemistry.
THOMAS R. DUPUIS, M.D.,
Professor of Botany.
FRANCIS M. WAFER, M.D.,
Demonstrator of Anatomy.
NATHAN F. DUPUIS, M.A., (Professor of Chemistry and Natural History,
Queen’s University),
Practical Chemistry.
The President is Lecturer on Clinical Surgery, and Horatio Yates, M.D., is Lecturer
on Clinical Medicine.
Certificates of attendance at this College are recognized by the RoyalColleges of Surgeons of London and Edinburgh. The Diploma ofLicense entitles the holder to registration under “ The Medical Act for
Upper Canada,” on payment of the required fee, and conyeys the right topractise Medicine, Surgery and Midwifery.
Full information as to subjects of study, fees, &c., may be obtained onapplication to the President or the Registrar.
COLLEGE AND GEAMMAR SCHOOL.
Eectoe.—Samuel Woods, M.A.
Yisitoes.—The Arts Professors of Queen’s College.
The College Preparatory School and the Kingston County-
Grammar School were united and affiliated to the University
in 1862.
Classical and French Master SAMUEL WOODS, M.A.Mathematical Master THOMAS GORDON.Assistant Classical and English Master ... F. ROWLAND.Preparatory Classes IRWIN STUART.Drawing Master Mu. LIGHT.
. Drill Instructor Col.-Sergt. FIELDS,k.c.b.
FEES PER TERM.
1. Junior Classes $3 502. Senior Classes 4 503. Preparatory Classes 4 004. Drawing 3 00
Winter Term begins Tth January.
Spring Term begins first Wednesday after Easter.
Summer Term begins second Monday of August.
Autumn Term begins on Monday after 15th October.
The School is provided with a full and efficient staff ofMasters, gives a thorough Grammar School Education, andprepares for the University. Particular attention is bestowedupon the Commercial Branches.
Of the Arts Students in College last Session, fourteen were from this
School. Besides other marks of distinction, Honours were obtained bythree, and twenty-two of the Class prizes were carried off by eight.
HONOUR AND PRIZE LISTS.ISESS10]\[ 186t-8.
FELLOWS.
Arts—William McLennan, M.A., Williamstown.
Theology—Rev. John McMillan, B.D., Miisquodoboit, Nova Scotia.
Law—Sir John A. Macdonald, K.C.B., LL.D.
GRADUATES.
Doctor op Laws—Peter McLaren, Rector of the Grammar School, Ren-frew, Scotland.
Doctor of Divinity—Rev. Peter Grant, Minister of St. Peter’s Church,Dundee, Scotland.
Doctor op Medicine—(alphabetical list)—Abbott Samuel A., WolfeIsland; Bingham James, Enniskillen
;Bleasdell Charles E., Trenton;
Booth Donald B., Odessa; Clarke James, Storrington; CorbettHenry T., Kingston; Dickson John R., Kingston; Erly FrancisW. J., Kingston; Johnstone David, Scotland; Nesbitt Edward,Beckwith; Oliver John K., Kingston; O’Sullivan John, Campbell-ford
;Rockwell Albert, Violet
;Saunders Lawrence, London, Eng-
land.
Master op Arts—(alphabetical list)—Rev. Charles I. Cameron, B.A.,Bom-bay
;Nathan F. Dupuis, B.A., Kingston; Thomas Hart, B.A., Perth
;
Rev. Kenneth McLennan, B.A., Whitby;Rev. Duncan Morrison, B.A.,
Owen Sound; John R. Thompson, B.A., Prince Edv-ard Island.
Bachelor OP Arts
—
(order of merit)—1. James E. Burgess, Kingston;2. John C. Cattanach, Cornwall. 3. John M. McDonnell, Fergus.
PASS MEN.Merit List.
Theology—Second Tear—1. Charles A. Doudiet, Montreal. 2. JosephS. Eakin, Markham. 3. David P. Niven, Niagara. First Tear—Robert Campbell, Brockville.
Arts— Third Tear—1. Robert Crawford, Kingston. 2. William Malloy,Vaughan. 3. William R. Mulock, Kingston. 4. Peter S. Living-ston, Dawn Mills. 5. John I’. Fraser, Kingston.
SecondTear—1. Thomas H. McGuire, Kingston. 2. E. D. McLaren,Komoka. 3. Mark R. Rowse, Bath. 4. Duncan McTavish, Osgoode.5. George L. B. Fraser, Kingston. 6. Alexander H. Ireland, King-ston. Also John T. Kerr, Kingston.
25
First Year.—1. Frederick Welch, Kingston. 2. Robert J. Craig,
Kingston. 3. Edwin H. Dickson, Kingston. 4. James Chambers,Holbrook. 5. Andrew McCulloch, Kelson. Also Kenneth R. Fen-wick, Kingston.
Medicine—Primary Examination—(alphabetical list)—Alexander JamesAdam, Barrie
;Alway Enoch, Rockford
;Bethune Henry, Hillsville
;
Rice Mark, Hampton; Bingham James, Enniskillen; Burgar Win. E.,
St. Catharines;Corbett Henry T., Kingston
;Erly Francis W. J.,
Kingston;File Albert John, Kapanee
;Fraser Anson S., Wallace-
burg;Harvey Albert Edward, Norfolk; Hillier Solomon Cartwright,
Odessa; Hendry George, Farmersville;Hutchison John, Brooklin
;
Leavitt Arvin Stoddart, Farmersville; Mann James, Pakenham;Nesbitt Edward, Beckwith
;Purdy Charles Wesley, Collinsby
;
Saunders Herbert J., Kingston;
Spears Hugh, Garden Island
;
Spooner Hiram R., Storrington; Stewart Alexander John, Orillia;
Stowell Olmsby O., Farmersville;Vanvlack Gilbert James, Marys-
burg;Wilson Charles J. C., Kingston.
Honour List.
Arts— Third Year—1. Robert Crawford, first class in Classics, first class
in Metaphysics, and second class in Chemistry. 2. William R.Mulock, first class in Chemistry. 3. P. S. Livingston, second class
in Chemistry.Second Year—1. T. H. McGuire, first class in Classics, first class in
Mathematics, first class in Logic. 2. E. D. McLaren, first class inLogic, second class in Classics. 3. M. R. Rowse, second class in Clas-
sics, second class in Logic. 4. D. McTavish, second class in Mathe-matics.
SCHOLARSHIPS.Arts.
1. Hardy (close)—James Chambers, Holbrook.2. St. PauCs., Montreal—Andrew McCulloch, Nelson.3. Hardy (open)—Frederick Welch, Kingston.4. Mowat—Robert J. Craio,* Kingston.5. Leitch Memorial—Donald Macpherson, Lancaster.6. Camplell—Yiiiy^m H. Dickson,* Kingston.7. Watkins—Alexander F. Riddell,* Kingston.8. St. Andrew's University—Ebenezer D. McLaren, Komoka.9. Trustees—Mark R. Rowse, Bath.
10. Faculty—Thomas H. McGuire, * Kingston.11. Cataraqui—Peter S. Livingston, Dawn Mills.
12. Aberdeen—William Malloy, Vaughan.13. Foundation—Robert Crawford, Kingston.14. Kingston—James E. Burgess, Kingston.15. Trustees—Frederick Welch, Kingston.No. 15, is tenable during next Session, subject to Matriculation.
Theology.1. Leitch Memorial—Robert Campbell, B.A., Brockville.2. St. Paul’s^ Montreal^JimSA P. Niven, B.A., Niagara.8. Charles A. Doudiet, Montreal.4. Colonial Committee No. 7.--William McLennan,M.A., Williamstown,5. Colonial Committee No. 6.—Samuel McMorine, B.A., Ramsay.
With the honour of gaining two Scholarships,
26
PRIZE MEN.
Class Work.
Classics— Third Year—1. James E. Burgess, Kingston. 2. RobertCrawford, Kingston. Honourable Mention for Latin Prose—WilliamMalloy, Vaughan, John F. Fraser, Kingston. Second Year—1.
Thomas H. McGuire, Kingston. 2. Mark R. Rowse, Bath, EbenezerD. McLaren, Komoka, equal. Latin Sapphics—Thomas H. McGuire.Honourable Mention for Latin Verse.—Alex. H. Ireland, Kingston.First Year—1. Alexander F. Riddell, Kingston. 2. Frederick Welch,Kingston. 3. Edwin H. Dickson, Kingston. Honourable Mention
—
Robert J. Craig, Kingston.
Mathematics—Jwmhr—1. Alexander F. Riddell, Kingston. 2. FrederickWelch, Kingston, Robert John Craig, Kingston, Edwin Hamilton Dick-son, Kingston, equal. Senior—1. Thomas H. McGuire, Kingston. 2.
Ebenezer D. McLaren, Ivomoka, Mark Rogers Rowse, Bath, DuncanMcTavish, Osgoode, equal.
Natural Philosophy—1. James Edward Burgess, Kingston. 2. RobertCrawford, Kingston. 3. William Redford Mulock, Kingston.
Rhetoric—Alexander Riddell, Kingston. Honourably Mentioned— 1.
Edwin H. Dickson and Frederick Welch, Kingston. 2. Robert J.
Craig, Kingston.Logic—Ebenezer D. McLaren, Komoka, and Thomas H. McGuire, Kings-
ton, equal. Honourably Mentioned—Mark R. Rowse, Bath, andGeorge L. B. Fraser, Kingston. 2. Alexander H. Ireland, Kingston,Duncan McTavish,Osgoode, and Joseph Gandier, Harold. SummerEssay ontheL^e and Worhs of Alexander Thomas H. McGuire,Kingston. '
Metaphysics—Robert Crawford, Kingston. Honourably Mentioned
—
James E. Burgess, Kingston.
Chemistry—1. William R. Mulock, Kingston. 2. Robert Crawford,Kingston.
Botany and Zoology—1. Thomas H. McGuire, Kingston. 2. E. D.McLaren, Komoka.
Hebrew—ThM Year—William McLennan, M. A., Williamstown.•' Second Year—Charles A. Doudiet, Montreal.
First Year—Robert Campbell, B. A., Brockville.
Divinity—Senior—William McLennan, M. A., Williamstown, “ TheMacleod Prize.” Junior—Robert Campbell, B. A., Brockville.
Class Merit list determined by monthly written examinations. ThirdYear—1. William McLennan, M. A., Williamstown. 2. SamuelMcMorine, B. A., Ramsay, Second Year—Charles A. Doudiet,
Montreal. Third Je^/’—Robert Campbell, B, A., Brockville.
LIST OF STUDENTSm SESSION 1867-68.
FACULTY OF ARTS.
Name.Allan, JosephAAllan, H. D. ... ...
Burgess, James E.
Year inCurriculum.
3
Residence.
Kingston.Kingston.Kingston.
Cattanacli. John C.
Chambers, James 1
Cornwall.Holbrook.
Craig, Robert J. 1 Kingston.Crawford, Robert 3 Kingston.Dickson, Edwin II. ... 1 Kingston.Fenwick, Kenneth N... 1 Kingston.Fraser, George L. B. ... 2 Kingston.Fraser, John Francis ... 3 Kingston.Gaudier, JosephIreland, Alexander H... 2
Harold.Kingston.
Kerr, John TLivingston, Peter S. ...
3 Kingston.3 Dawn Mills.
Macdonnell, John M. ...
Macpherson, Donald. ... 1
Fergus.Lancaster.
Malloy, William 3 Vaughan.McCulloch, Andrew ... 1 Nelson.McGuire, Thomas H. . .
.
2 Kingston.McLaren, Ebenezer D... 2 Komoka.McNee, James '
McTavish, Duncan 2 !.
Perth.
Osgoode.Mulock, William R. ... 3 Kingston.Riddell, Alexander F... 1 Kingston.Ross, Alexander Irvine 2 Kingston.Rowse, Mark R. .
.
2 Bath.Welch, Frederick 1 Kingston.
28
FACULTY OF THEOLOGY.
Nfluid.
Year inCurriculum. Residence.
Campbell, Robert, B. A. • • •,
1 t • • Brockville.
Carmichael, James 1 • • • Montreal.
Doudiet, Charles A. ... • • • 2 • • • Montreal.
Dupuis, Nathan F., B. A. « • • 1 (partial) Kingston.
Eakih, Joseph 8., B. A.Kennedy, David
2 ... Cashel, Markham,
McAulay, Donald 3 Bolsover.
McLennan, William, M. A. • » • 3 ... Glengary.McMorine, Samuel, B. A. • • • 3 Almonte.Niven, David P., B. A... 2 • . Niagara.
Strachan, Donald 3 • . . Hillsbury.
Thompson, John R., B. A. ... 3 ... P. E. Island.
UNDERGRADUATES IN MEDICINE.
Abbott, Samuel A. 4 Wolfe Island.
Alexander, J.A 3 Barrie.
Alway, Enoch ... • • • 3 Rockford.Bethune, Henry 3 Hillsville.
Bice, MarkBingham, James
2 Hampton.• • • 4 Enniskillen.
Bisset, J » •
«
2 Warsaw.Bleasdell, Charles E. ... • • • 4 Trenton.Booth, Donald B. 4 Odessa.Butler, Thomas H. 3 Chicago.Carruthers, George • •• 1 Kingston.Clarke, James ... • •• 4 Storrington.
Corbett, Charles H. ... Kingston.Corbett, Henry T. 4 Kingston.Cronk, S. D 3 Northport.Day, W. D. P. W. 2 Kingston.Dickson, John R. • • • 4 Kingston.Dinwoodie, Gilbert H... • • • 2 Seymour.Dumble, William C. ... • • • 2 Peterborough.Erly, Francis W. J. ... • • • 4 Kingston.Fairbairn, Archibald C. « • • 2 Brockville.
Ferguson, D. A 1 Perth.File, Albert J 3 Napanee.Fraser, Anson S. 2 Wallaceburg.Gerow, A. M 2 Stirling.
Gunn, William A. • • • 1 Kingston.Harvey, Albert E. * • • 3 Norfolk.Hendry, George • • • 2 Farmersville.
Herchmer, George F. ... 2 Kingston.Hillier, S. C • • • 3 Odessa.Johnstone, D 4 Kingston.Latferty, James 1 Perth.
Leavitt, A. S 3 Farmersville.
Magurn, Samuel F. 2 Kingston.Mann, James 3 Pakenham.
Name.Mathison, Murdoch ...
McAdam, S. TMcDonald, Neil W. ...
McLennan, A. S.
McMullan, P. EMcNamara, P. B.
Meagher, Augustine ...
Morrow, James J.
Morton, William E. ...
Moore, Vincent H.Murphy, Henry G. . .
Nesbitt, EdwardOliver, John KO’Sullivan, John ...
Potter, LeviPurcell, M. JPurdy, C. WRockwell, AlbertRutherford, JamesSaunders, Herbert J. ...
Sievewright, James Alex.Spears, HughSpooner, Hiram R.Sproat, AlexanderStewart, A. JStowell, Olmsby O.Thomson, D. J...
Thornton, Thomas H...
Vanallan, John Ross ...
Vanvlack, Gilbert J. ...
Wilson, Charles J. C. ...
Young, David
tear InCurriculum. Residence.
2 ... Crinan.2 Pakenham.
Durham.3 Glengary.1 Seeley’s Bay.1 Kingston.5 ... Kingston.3 South Mountain.2 Kingston.2 Elizabethtown.4 Staffa.
.4 ... Beckwith.4 Kingston.4 Campbeilford.2 Enniskillen.2 ... Kingston.3 ... Collinsby.4 Violet.
2 ... Kirby.3 Kingston.2 Chatham.4 Garden Island.3 Storrington.1 ... Milton.3 Orillia.
3 Farmersville.2 Odessa.2 Orono.1 Chatham.3 '
... Marysburg.4 ... Kingston.1 .. Sarnia.
)
ANNUAL EEPORTOF THE
Board of Trustees to the Synod.
To THE Reverend the Synod of the Presbyterian ChurchOF Canada in connection with the Church of Scot-
land :
—
The Trustees of Queen’s University and College beg respect-
fully to submit herewith copies of the Calendar containing full
particulars as to educational arrangements for next Session,
and also the Treasurer’s annual statements exhibiting the
financial condition of the Institution on the lOth of April last.
The latter documents demand special consideration. Incommon with the Church the College has suffered severely bythe suspension of the Commercial Bank. The par value of the
stock held has been reduced from $32,000 to $10,700, and the
annual income yielded by the investment, from $1,920 to $856.By the same occurrence a loss of $1,100 lias been sustained onthe par value of stock held for the Scholarships of the King-ston Ladies’ and the Ladies’ Association of St. Andrew’s Church,Toronto. This adversity is all the more painful because of its
having befallen the Institution immediately after it hademerged from a straitened monetary position, and whenthere was reason to entertain the hope that steps might soonr
be taken in the direction of increased efficiency and usefulness.
It is of extreme importance to have these losses made up as
speedily and completely as possible, and the Board will be gladto receive any suggestion which the Synod may offer with thatend in view.
With regard to a much more important part of the revenue
—
the Government Grant of $5,000—the members of Synod are
aware that should the views enunciated in certain quarters
2
prevail, the Institution will soon cease to enjoy the benefit of ’it,
and the inevitable consequence of so great a reduction of annualincome will be the impossibility of maintaining the College onits present footing, unless an equivalent be derived from othersources. The continuance of public aid in the form of a grant,
dependent upon an annual vote of the Legislature, is not to berelied upon, and is, indeed, on several grounds, objectionable.
It has been received, and if continued it will, in the absence of
a more desirable mode of assistance, still be accepted as beingin some measure a compensation for privileges expressly pro-
vided by the University Act of 1853, but not enjoyed underthe administration of that Act. While the Trustees do notconceal from themselves the existence of uncertainty and sus-
pense, as to the action which may be taken by the Govern-ment of Ontario in reference to the important question of sup-
port to Superior Education, they have much confidence in
thinking that a judicious, well-concerted effort, on the part ofthe friends of the Institutions immediately concerned, will besuccessful in obtaining a specific statutory recognition of their
claims. This confidence rests on a number of considerations,
the collective strength of which appears to afford a good groundof encouragement and hope. Of such considerations are the
following. The Institutions interested are rendering a public
service, general in its character, and unquestionably of the
greatest importance and utility to all sections of the Province.
At least two-thirds of the people may be said to be more or less
solicitous of their maintenance. In the existing legislation of
Canada—in the clear, patriotic, and liberal provisions of the
University Act of 1853—they have a common advantageousstarting-point or basis of action, in appealing to the public
sense of justice. Although at one time there seemed to belittle hope of inducing the Government of Ontario to consent
to the grants obtained for the current year, a consideration of
the hardship of withholding them, nevertheless, secured their
introduction into the estimates. Yery many members of the
Legislature, known to be friendly to the Institutions, and to
whom a cordial, grateful acknowledgement is due, exerted
themselves in their behalf during the first session of the Par-
liament of Ontario. A similar acknowledgement ought to bemade of the services spontaneously rendered by a large portion
of the Provincial Press, which during the recent agitation of
the subject advocated the claims of the Colleges with markedearnestness and ability, The continuance of the grants wasvery fully debated last winter by the members of the Legisla-
8
ture, and the tone, spirit, and tendency of the discussion were{highly favourable. To all this it may be added, that parties
connected with the Institutions have embraced opportunities of
conferring upon the present crisis, and so great a degree of
unanimity on important points has been elicited, that there is
reason to expect them to unite in applying to the Legis-
lature for a measure which shall be acceptable to the country,
.supplementary to the University Act of 1853, and specially
protective of the advantages which under that Act were intend-
ed to be enjoyed by the outlying Colleges.”
With reference to the last mentioned fact, it will be the dutyof the Trustees, before agreeing to any scheme, to see that its
proposals shall not interfere with the educational independencyand freedom of the Institution intrusted to their care; andshould they be able to announce their concurrence in a wise
and eftective scheme, they will confidently rely upon the active
support of the members of the Church. They will especially
solicit and hope to obtain the earnest co-operation of the
Alumni and Graduates, now nuraberiug nearly 700, of whoma great majority are still resident in Canada, of whom aboutsixty are Ministers on the roll of this Synod. Much may bedone in the present emergency by the friends of this and simi-
lar institutions exercising their influence towards the formation
of a sound and enlightened public opinion;and it is especially
incumbent on those who, during the last quarter of a century,
have benefitted directly by the existence of Queen’s College to
come zealously forward in support of the rights and claims of
their Alma Mater
^
when they see her overtaken by a season oftrial peculiarly severe.
The statements contained in the preceding paragraphs will,
it is believed, justify the course taken by the Trustees in sus-
pending for a time their efforts to secure the establishment ofan additional Professorship in the Theological Department.The Colonial Committee of the Church of Scotland has beencommunicated with upon the subject, and the explanations
made will, it is hoped, prevent this action from prejudicing theinterest of the Institution in the very liberal arrangement bywhich the General Assembly had recommended the Committeeto aid the project.
The deputation appointed to visit the Synods of Nova Scotiaand New Brunswick fulfilled the duties intrusted to them, andr^orted to the Board that they met with a cordial reception,
and found an earnest desire to act along with this Synod in theestablishment of an efiicient system for the theological educa-
4
tion of candidates for the Ministry in the Dominion of Canada,in so far as circumstances will permit. These Synods aredeeply interested in Dalhousie College, Halifax, both becauseof the facilities which it conveniently affords and on account of
the large contributions whicdi they made towards its endow-ment a few years ago; and in that Institution they obtain for
their Students a course of Literature and Philosophy withwhich they have every reason to be satisfied.
In the Arts Department of Queen’s College a change of someimportance has been recentlymade. Mr. Nathan P. Dupuis,a graduate of the University, who has for some years efficiently
discharged the duties of Astronomical Observer, has beenappointed to the chair of Chemistry and Natural History,
Professor Bell liaving had assigned to him the subject of
Geology. Mr. Dupuis’ devotion to the study of NaturalScience is well known, and previous to his aj^pointment his
ability and success as,a teacher were satisfactorily tested.
Numerous particular examples of beneficence occurring dur-
ing the past year have afforded much satisfaction to the
Trustees. A brief notice of some of them will no doubt begratifying to the Synod. Tlie Scholarship of $100 })er annum,given by Donald Boss, Esq., Montreal, was announced before
the close of the last meeting of Synod. James Donaldson,Esq., Keppoch, Scotland, contributed £100 stg. towards the
endowment of a Theological chair. A few friends in Scotland
placed $112 at the disposal of the Princi])al for the benefit of
the Institution. The Bev. Alexander Lewis, retired minister.
Mono,, made a donation of $400, the annual interest uponwhich is to be devoted, agreeably to his wishes, to the encour-
agement of a Student having in view the ministry or foreign
missionary work in connection with the Church of Scotland.
Seven hundred and six volumes have been added by gift to the
Library—the donations of Sir George Airy and Dr. Bomanes,England, fro,m their number and value deserving particular
mention. These, together with the works purchased during
the year, bring the entire number of volumes in the Libraiy upto 8,100. The Bev. Charles I. Cameron, a graduate of the
University, and now one of the educational staff of the Churchof Scotland at Bombay, has sent to the Museum a most exten-
sive and varied collection of shells from the Indian seas.
The Queen has been graciously pleased to present to the Col-
lege copies of “ The Early Years of H. B. H. the Prince
Consort,” and “Leaves from the Journal of our Lives in the
Highlands,” richly bound, and bearing Her Majesty’s auto-
5
graph, and has enhanced the gift by instructing Her Colonial
Secretary to say that she presents these volumes ‘‘ as tokens of
the interest with which Her Majesty regards the developmentofInstitutions which tend to the spread of knowledge and intel-
ligence in her Colonial possessions;and because she believes
that these records of the earlier days of their Sovereign and the
Prince Consort will not fail to be valued by her subjects in
Canada.’’
The memorial by which it was proposed to do honour to the
late Principal Leitch has been completed. It consists of anopen Scholarship in the Arts Faculty of the foundation value
of $960, and a Scholarship in the' Theological Faculty of the
foundation value of $1,440, the latter to be tenable for, three
consecutive years. A very beautiful monument of Arnpriormarble, bearing suitable inscriptions, has also been erected in
Waterloo Cemetery at tlie cost of $200.
The following is the attendance registered during the past
session at Queen’s College and the institutions in affiliation ;
—
In Arts 28, in Theology 12, in Medicine (K-oyal College ofPhysicians and Surgeons) 75, Grammar School pupils 69.
Total 184. Ofthe students of Queen’s College 21 have avowedtheir intention of going forward to the Ministry. FiveTheological students, having completed the prescribed course,
will appear before tlie Synod with the view of being taken ontrial for Licence.
All which is respectfully submitted, in the name and by theappointment of the Board of Trustees.
(Signed) JOHIST HAMILTON,Chairman.
Kingston, 2nd June, 1868.
6
No. 1--STATEMENT OE THE ORDINARY REYENHla4?fTHE YEAR<E|^D^lffi^
REVENUE.Government Grant for 18 months ... *
Grant from Colonial Committee of the Church ofScotland, £300 Stg
Temporalities FundDividend for 6 months to the 1st July 1867 at 6 per
cent per annum on 320 shares of stock in Com-mercial Bank of Canada ...
Interest on Mortgages and Bank deposits
Fees— Class and Graduation,
...
Rent of Medical Hall
$7500 00
1470 002000 00
960 00875 33630 70250 00
13686 03
$13686 03
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate. * OJ. RIDDELL.
'
Kingston, Ont., 24th April, 1868. JOHN CREIGHTON.
7
aUEEN’S COLLEGE AT KINGSTON FORiW^fL, 1868 .
EXPENDITURESalaries— Principal Snodgrass $2200 00
Professor Wiliiamson ... 1600 00“ Mowat 1500 00“ Murray 1500 00“ Bell ... 741 65“ Mackerras 1400 00“ Mowat, Sec. to Senatus, balance“ Murray, Registrar “ ...
45 5047 22
“ W. Ireland, Secretary Treasurer 400 00
^“ N. F. Dupuis, Librarian 80 00
^ ’ ‘ “ John Cormack, Janitor 300 00“ Librarian, Extra Services 20 00
9834 37Travelling Expenses 314 33Repairs, &c., on premises 736 65Insurance 211 75Law Costs, balance Maclennan & Henderson’s acct... 1308 60Printing 140 53Advertising ... ... ... ... 56 31Prize Books 68 50Taxes on Lands 11 12Cleaning and scrubbing rooms 7 73Fuel 122 90Postage, Telegrams, &c ' 24 48Line fence 3 30College Garden 8 00Museum 6 82Rent of Janitor’s dwelling house 60 00Sundry small items 4 10Foundation scholarship, 40 00
3125 12Balance, surplus •• 726 54
T*
Queen’s College, Kingston, 18th April 1868.
$13686 03
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
8
No. 2t-STATEMENT of RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTSTHE YEAR ENDING
RECEIPTS.Balance lOtli April, 1867, cash in BankGovernment GrantCol. Committee GrantTemporalities BoardBank dividendInterest—On. mortgages
On Bank deposits
On debentures (Provincial)...
$754 09$7500 001470 002000 00960 00
$419 6477 69
378 00
Less unpaid
Fees, Class, Mat. and Graduation,
Mr. Milligan,
$875 33
... 106 00
( 1859-60,... $16 00
] 1860-61,... 28 00
( 1861-62,... 28 00
1865-
66,... 36 00
1866-
67,... 74 00
1867-
68,... 632 70
Rent, Medical Hall,
Subscriptions and donations through the Principal,
Scholarships refunded by George Milligan
Scholarships and Prize EssaysFunds for InvestmentLeitch Memorial FmidsEndowment new chair in TheologyMichie Bequest •
Prize Scholarship endowment from Rev. Alex. Lewis
769 33
814 70250 00157 90130 00
1457 002378 34706 69829 17
2000 00400 00
14051 93
7771 20
$22577 22
9
ON ACCOUNT OF QUEEN’S COLLEGE AT KINGSTON FOR10th APRIL, 1868.
DISBURSEMENTS.Salaries as per Statement No. 1
Disbursements as per Statement No. 1
Observatory—Paid Gas Company for coal
Paid for Sundry small itemsPaid Observer on account of Salary...
Fees—Paid Treasurer of Library, Matriculation fees
Paid Prof. Nat. Philosophy, apparatus fees...
Library—Paid for Books through PrincipalScholarships and Prize Essays as per Statement No. 4Merchants’ Bank Stock, paid balance one share of
StockLeitch Memorial Funds—Paid on account of monu-
mentFunds for Investment—Invested in Canada Domin-
ion StockMichie Bequest— “ “ “ “
Leitch Memorial Funds “ “ ‘‘ ‘‘
Bursary Endowment Stock—Paid balance on oneshare of Merchants’ Bank Stock
Less div. on Scho. applied towards the purchaseand accounted for as “ Invested ” in statementNo. 4
Merchants’ Bank, balance ... •
$9834 373125 13
8 003 30
284 78
164 0020 00
12959 49
296 08
184 0060 74
1253 00
33 33
72 74
$2500 002000 00800 00
5300 00
33 33
21 0012 33
2405 51
$22577 22
Queen’s College, Kingston, 18th of April, 1868W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
J. RIDDELL,Kingston, Ont., 24th April, 1868. JOHN CREIGHTON,
10
No. 3—BALANCE SHEET, SHOWING ASSETS AND'‘iTA®fcaDr. 10th APltft/,
Royal Charter, Cost of . . .
Class apparatusLibru-ry, expenditure onFurniture accountBank Stock—107 shares Merchants’ Bank Stock
—
at parLands, viz
:
16 acres in Kingston—Nominal value ...$13200 00100 acres N. i Lot No. 19, 12 Con., Portland 300 00100 acres W. i “ 19, 2 Con., Marmora 300 00
100 acres E. ^ “ 21, 11 Con., Belmont 300 00
College Premises... ...
14100 0035993 26
Mortgages on Real Estate, viz :
A. J. Macdonell 4586 55
D. McMillan 150 00G. Neilson 1000 00
J. McMahon 700 00
W. Smith 53 32Ralston—Prince of Wales Scholarship 400 00Campbell—Mowat Scholarship 600 00.John Morton ... ... 700 00Rev. W. M. Inglis ct al. Trustees 675 00
8864 87
Provincial Debentures due 1st Sept., 1868, viz ;
Leitch Memorial Funds ... ... 1600 00College Funds 5400 00Prince of Wales’ Scholarship 400 00Mowat Scholarship 200 00— 7600 Oo
Toronto Scholarship Stock—3 shares Merchants’Bank Stock ... 300 00
Kingston Scholarship Stock -3 shares Merchants’Bank Stock 300 00
Canada Dominion Stock, viz :-— GOO 00
Leitcli Memorial Funds 800 00Michie Bequest 2000 00College Funds 2500 00
Law Costs
5300 00
2059 10
John Morton 56 00
Rev. W. M, Inglis et al. Trustees 50 00
Merchants’ Bank of Canada, viz
;
Endowment Funds—New Chair in Theology 829 17“ “ Scholarship, Rev. M. Lewis ... 400 00Scholarships, balance at Cr 547 13
1776 30
Carried over $90893 29
$ 3107 373633 923399 '6‘^
1429 ()6
10700 Oh
11
at Kingston on the
Toronto Scholarship EndowmentKingston Scholarship EndowmentI^rinc^ of Wales Scholarship EndowmentMpwat Scholarship Endowment
E^itch Memorial FundsFunds for Investment (College)
Scholarships ... ...
Michie BequestEndowment chair in Theology...Riv. Alex. Lewis—for endowment of ScholarshipProfit and Loss account
303 47
300 00800 00800 00
3303 473433 3343 93
547 13
3000 00839 17400 00
90843 77
u **
00 fu
nr
nil .)(
I,.
Carried over 199398 80
12
Cjivried Forwardm c - ^ Funds for Investment (College)
Leitcli Memorial Funds, balance at Cr.
Bursary EndowmentsCollege Funds
177)6 30 $90893 2942 9333 332 47
... 550 482405 51
$99298 80OHAudited and found correct as per separate certificate.
J. RIDDELL,Kingston, Ont:, 24th April, 1868. JOHN CREIGHTON.
13
09 iX/^Gatried forward ...j _ $99298 80
80
Queen’s College, Kingston, 18th April, 1868.
W. IRELAND,Secretary & Treasurer.
14
]?9l4--q??A5?|lM:5XT QF EEOFIPTS AJTI)
YEAE^)jra)IW
RECEIPTS.Balance on hand, 10th April, 18G7 1 laKingston Presbytery Scholarsliip, l)alance 186G-07... 25 00Prize Essays ... ... ... ... 00 00Foundation Scholarship... 40 00London Presbytery Scholarship 30 00Cataraqni Scholarship ... ... ... ... 50 00Ross Scholarship... 100 00Leitcli Meinorial Scholarship, No. 2 GO 00Prince of Wales Scholarship ... GO 00
.
j
Trustees’ Scholarship ... 40 00 ;/•
Faculty Scholarship G5 00'
Watkins’ Scholarship 80 00 uSt. Paul’s Scholarship, Montreal, No. 1 GO 00St. Paul’s Scholarshii), “ No. 2 GO 00Col, Com. Grant for Scholarships, 18G7-G8, £50 stg. 245 00
,
1
Leitch Memorial Scholarship, No. 1 68 00 '
f
Hardy Scholarship, open ... 50 00Hardy Scholarship, close 50 00St. Andrew’s Scholarship, Scotland ... 48 00Aberdeen University Scholarship 34 00Toronto Ladies' Scholarship 21 00Kingston Ladies’ Scholarshi2D 30 00Mowat Scholarshij) 62 00Campbell Scholarship 80 00
im 00
}>
or '
00 - 0^'
. . r , .. $ 1800 la
.1 ! :
/V> j Ih K > /I
15
HMH'APRft,' IS68.
DISBURSEMENTS.Prize Essays, 1866-67—Paid R.Campbell, King-
ston prize $50 00Paid W. McLennan,Montreal prize ... 40 00Paid D. Fraser, Cliurcli
agent’s prize 25 00
Foundation Scliolarsliip—Paid R. CrawfordLondon Presbytery Scholarship—Paid L.P., through
Mr. Donald StrachanCataraqui Scholarship—Paid P. S. LivingstonRoss Scholarship—Paid C. F. DoudietLeitch Memorial Scholarship, No 2—Paid R. Camp-
bell
Trustees Scholarship—Paid M, R. RowscFaculty Scholarship—Paid T. McGuireWatkins’ Scholarship—Paid A. F. Riddell ... ...
St. Paul’s Scholarshqj, Montreal, No. 1—Paid An-drew McCulloch
St. Paul’s Scholarship, Montreal, No. 2 —Paid D. P.Niven ... .. ...
Colonial Committee Scholarship, No. 4—Paid Win.McLennan ...
Colonial Committee Scholarship, No. 3—Paid S.
McMorineLeitch Memorial Scholarship, No. 1—Paid D. Mc-
PhersonHardy Scholarship—open. Paid F. WelchHardy Scholarship— close. Paid J. ChambersSt. Andrew’s Scholarshijj, Scotland—PaidE. McLarenAberdeen University Scholarship—Paid W. MalloyToronto Ladies’ Scholarship)—InvestedKingston Ladies’ Scholarship) -Paid J. E. BurgessMowat Scholarship—Paid R. J. CraigCampbell Scholarship—Paid E. H. Dickson
Balance
115 0040 00
30 0050 00100 00
60 0040 0065 0080 00
60 00
60 00
50 00
60 00
68 0050 0050 0048 00 .
84 0021*00
30 00
62 00
80 001253 00547 13
$1800 13
Queen’s College, Kingston, 18th April, 1868.'
W. IRELAND,Secretary and Treasurer^
Audited and found correct as per separate certificate.
J. RIDDELL,Kingston, Ont., 24th April, 1868. JOHN CREIGHTON.
yo pUR pELLOW pRADUATES.
The existing position of Queen’s University urgently calls for
the most active sympathy on the part of its friends. The loss of
nearly the whole of its endowment fund by the failure--of the
Commercial Bank, and the late withdrawal of the Government
aid—on which so much dependence has hitherto been placed
—
have so completely crippled its resources, that unless its friends at
once hasten to its rescue with the utmost determination and liber-
ality, the graduates will ere long find that the honours for which they
have struggled, will, to an indiscriminating public, appear valueless,
because the University, which by its name gave them status, has
become an institution of the past.
The University must be maintained,, and not only so, but must
be even increased in efficiency, and rendered more attractive to
students than ever before. This is the view which animates
those who are now zealously working for its ample endowment,
and its higher status as an educational institution. The urgency
of the case demands that' the effort be made at once. Will not
every graduate lend a helping hand to effect these results.?
United action is essential to success, and it is, therefore, desir-
able that all graduates should work in concert with the Committees
which have been formed with these objects in view, and which
will, at the earliest moment, place themselves in communication
with the members of the University.
We are.
Yours faithfully,
W. B. CURRAN.R. CAMPBELL.JOSHUA FRASER.E. H. HORSEY.A. T. DRUMMOND.J. BELL.
T. B. TRACEY,j. J. DUGDALE.
Montreal, Jan. izth, 1869.
A PLEA
FOR
LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT
TO THE
COLLEGIATE INSTITUTIONS OF ONTARIO.
IIT THREE EA.RTS.
1868.
I
A PLEA FOR LEGISLATIYE SUPPORT TO
DENOMIMTIOIAL COLLEGES.
FIEST PAPER.
These papers are issued under the authority of the Board of
Trustees of Queen’s College. Therefore some of their state-
ments relate specially to that Institution. The general argu-
ment, however, is applicable to other Colleges in Ontario. It
is conceived that on such grounds as the following the people
may justly and firmly urge the continuance of legislative aid.
I. THE NEED AND ADVANTAGE OF A NUMBER OF COLLEGES.
From its vast extent of populated territory the Province re-
quires sectional Colleges. Wherever superior education has
become a national benefit, the result is traceable to a diversity
of such Institutions. The advantage of this arrangement is
enjoyed by all the advanced nations of Europe. There is pro-
bably no country which would suffer more from the inconve-
nience of having but one College than this part of Canada. Toconfine the means of Collegiate education to one place is, to alarge extent, to impair their efficiency and defeat their end.
It limits to a few what should be accessible to all. It cen-
tralizes in a locality what should be diffused throughout theland. It creates a monopoly where distribution should prevail.
In education, far more than in commerce, a generous competitionis of paramount importance. By the analogy of public policy
in other departments, it is clearly the duty of the Governmentto provide every facility for a wholesome rivalry. If, then,
one College at Toronto is to be the sole object of Governmentalconcern and support, the result must be a most impolitic andhurtful monopoly.
2
11. EQUAL RIGHTS.
This is an important element in the basis of nationality. Thepopulation is divided into a variety of sections, distinguished
from one another by denominational peculiarities. A wise
legislation will respect the claims of all alike. By its w’hole
history and constitution this country is pledged to religious
liberty. “ No individual or institution is to be proscribed on
account of religion : all are to be held as qualified to serve the
State.” No aid can be expected for the teaching of ecclesias-
tical politics. If any College has a Theological Faculty it
must be supported entirely by denominational liberality.
“ But if the Colleges can give all that is required in the way of
secular education, why should they be proscribed for their
religion ?”
Notwithstanding the variety of denominational differences
referred to, the population divides itself, on the question of
superior education, into two sections. One consists of those
who believe that a College endowed or aided by the State
should have no denominational connection. The other includes
all who are satisfied either that such connection is not an evil
in itself and should form no barrier to legislative assistance, or
that it is both proper and advantageous, chiefly because it be-
comes an active instrumentality in extending the benefits of a
liberal education. The views of both sections accord with the
fundamental principle of religious liberty. They are therefore
entitled to equal respect. But this principle will be violated
and grievous injustice will be done, if the interests of the formersection only be studied and provided for. This would be the
case, even supposing the latter section to consist of a smallminority of the people
;but, so far from this, it is composed of
Episcopalians,Boman Catholics, Wesleyans. Church of ScotlandPresbyterians, and Episcopal Methodists—that is, according to
last census, more than two to one of the whole population.
The same would be the case on another supposition, namely,that the Denominational Colleges were to receive less thantheir share of public support. But what is the fact ? Theannual grants to the whole of them have always been muchbelow one-half the amount of public money expended by theUniversity of Toronto and University College—restricted as
the latter is by law to the single Faculty of Arts.
III. PUBLIC ECONOMY.In the maintenance of educational and charitable institutions
the principle acted upon in this country is to aid the com-munities which help themselves. The Government merely
8
supplements sectional liberality. The people cannot have a
Common School, a Grammar School, or a Hospital assisted
from the public treasury on any other principle. The soundness
of this policy no one disputes. The only exceptions to it, in
the educational department, are the endowed Institutions in
Toronto. That wealthy city is not required to contribute
according to its means and importance. The outlying Colleges
are to a large extent dependent upon voluntary effort. Thisarrangement secures economy and stimulates energy withoutimpairing efficiency.
Between June, 1840, and the close of 1844, the amountcollected for Queen’s College was $54,851. From 1845, whenthe first grant—$2,000—was received, to 1867—a period of 22years—the receipts, exclusive of grants, amounted to $209,670 ;
the expenditure in the non-tlieological Faculties, exclusive of
the Ihlncipal’s salary, to $150,437, or $6,838 per annum;and
the value of property acquired for actual use to $60,000.During the same period the grants from Government amountedto $76,500, incliidiug $8,000 to the medical department; that
is, not much more than one-third of the provision from other
sources.
It is proposed, in some quarters, to let this Institution here-
after depend entirely upon the denomination which has madethis liberal contribution to the most important of public objects.
The work done by it has been ofgeneral benefit. A large section
of the community is interested in its continuance. Many whooppose its participating in State aid say they would regret the
closing of its doors. The Globe believes the denominationwhich founded it will not allow it to go down. Will this
unpractical sympathy, however kindly the expression of it,
relieve the sense of injustice caused to its supporters by thewithdrawment of substantial assistance ? The adherents of the
Church of Scotland, acting upon views and preferences whichform no disability, but rather a qualification, for the enjoymentof equal rights, must forego all direct advantage from thesplendid University Endowment, which is, or at least oncewas, the property of the country, and in addition tax themselvesin order to provide the entire support necessary to maintainthis College at Kingston. Is this just? Does it consist withthe law of equal rights or agree with the principle of supple-mentary aid ?
IV. STATUS AND CHAKAOTEll OF THE INSTITUTIONS.
The Colleges hitherto aided by Government have a legal
Standing, They are not merely incorporated by Koyal
4
Charter or by Act of the Canadian Parliament, but they are
also expressly recognized in the statute law of the country.
The University Act of 1853 gives them a prominent position
and confers upon them certain rights, along with the Institu-
tions for which that Act specially provides;the amendment
to the Grammar School Act passed in 1865 makes their
graduates eligible for election to the office of Headmaster in
our Grammar Schools;and the Medical Act for Upper Canada
passed in 1865 secures professional privileges to their graduates.
The country, therefore, does by its legislation, as well as by ageneral acknowledgment, accept the work performed by these
Institutions;
and, in accepting their work, endorses their
character as efficient, active, and serviceable in the dissemina-
tion of the knowledgo of literature, science, and art. Whyshould the Government place a number of educational
establishments in the same category as respects character, andon the same footing as repects work, and withhold pecuniaryassistance from all of them save one ? Why should that one,,
situated in the great centre of wealth and population, beallowed, without control or restraint, until financial difficulties
begin to beset it,* to consume a magnificent endowment the
benefit of which is by law intended to be shared in by the
others ?
y. WORK DONE.
In the time during which these Institutions have been in
existence, that is, for the oldest of them, upwards of a quarter
of a century, many hundreds of young men have received, in
connection with them, the advantages of a liberal, superior
education and Collegiate training, and a large proportion havegraduated in the various non-theological Faculties. Thesealumni belong to every part, class, creed, and nationality, andmany of them occupy positions of honour and usefulness,
throughout the Province. But for the facilities afibrded bysectional Colleges, it is probable that the majority of themwould never have become students. At these Institutions
they acquired the advanced education by which they have beenfitted for professional life. It is undeniable that by their goingforth, year by year, from the Academic class-room to the varied
avocations of which they have made choice, the country has
gained incalculably in respect of intelligence, enterprize, andgeneral progress.
* Sec returns of receipts and expenditure of Toronto University and University
College to an address of the Legislative Assembly, of date 14th February last.
5
At Queen’s College alone the number of registered alumniis Y06, of whom 44:6 declared themselves to be adherents ofother denominations than the Church of Scotland
;the number
of these denominations being ten. If the slightest attempthad ever been made by the College authorities to interfere withthe denominational predilections of the students or to propagateparticular ecclesiastical views, these results would have beenimpossible. The church connection of so large a majority is
proof enough that the Institution is so unrestricted, open, andliberal, as to give no oifence to religious convictions.
VI. POLICY AND DUTY OF THE STATE.
The State is committed to a system of national education,
that is, a system such in character that all may support it, andsuch in the extent to which it is provided that all ma}^ obtain
it with something like equal facility. Conflicting views haveto be reconciled, mutual forbearance has to be exercised,
and the wants of the population at large have to be supplied.
These statements are illustrated by the provision made for ourCommon and Grammar Schools. They are established
wherever they are needed and can be maintained throughoutthe land. But the lower class Institutions are of two kinds.
One suits the views of the Protestant majority, for the present
disposed to accept only a secular instruction at the public
expense—leaving to parents what in the circumstances it is
possible for them to overtake, namely, to supply religious
culture under their own supervision. The other harmonizeswith the convictions of the Boman Catholic minority, immov-able in their determination to combine, at all stages of
instruction, the religious and secular elements, and protected
now in their determination by the Imperial Act of Confedera-tion. They could not take what the State offered, and theState resolved to accede to their demand. The Legislaturehad either to yield or allow its system of education to lose its
nationality, because of its unfitness for universal acceptance.
Now with reference to Collegiate Seminaries—the highestclass of educational establishments—from their nature, a muchsmaller number of them than of either of the others will suffice
to meet the wants of the country, just as Grammar Schoolsneed not be, and are not, so numerous as Common Schools.
Yet the number of them must be sufficient. To determine thesufficiency a variety of circumstances demands consideration
—
such as, the extent of the country;the number of its inhabi-
tants and the rate of increase;the means of the people, their
interest in particular localities, and their freedom to act on
e
intelligent preferences;the advantages of distribution as com-
pared with centralization;the benehcial efiects of a generous
competition;and the duty of the Legislature to foster whatever
tends to a real and rapid progress, towards the highest attain-
able condition of educated society. The majority of students
in this, as in all countries, being persons of limited means, the
choice of a College frequently resolves itself into a question of
expense. A College situated in a particular locality or specially
related, like every denominational Institution, to a large section
of the community, besides supplying an actual want, has aneffect in attracting students which an Institution at a distance
cannot have;while, on the other hand, a remote Institution
may have other attractions not less effective. There can be nodoubt, for example, that because of the Colleges at Torontoand the Colleges at Kingston, the list of Canadian alumni is
much greater than it would have been if either of these cities
had been without its Colleges, and it is not an infrequent
occurrence that young men living east of Kingston attend
College at. Toronto, and that from the west of Toronto youngmen come to Kingston. The reason is that there is an oppor-
tunity for making a choice, and a variety of causes operates in
determining the choice. Kor is the desire which students
sometimes manifest to take part of their course at one College
and part of it at another to be altogether discouraged, for eachInstitution may offer certain advantages peculiarly its own.But let the means of imparting a Collegiate education be con-
fined to a single Institution in Toronto, and then not only will
there be no room for choice, however strong may be the desire
or however great may be the need of it;but also, for the Province
at large, there will be none of the convenience and facility whicha national system implies. The people will have just reason
to complain that they can obtain no benefit from the arrange-
ment, the terms of acceptance being such as to place it beyondtheir reach
;and the Legislature, so far from encouraging the
love of learning, will be chargeable with the sin of obstructing
that which constitutes the glory ofa nation—so far from inciting
a generous and useful competition, will become the patron of
monopoly and centralization.
If there be any force in these considerations, it is clearly the
duty of the Legislature to provide a number of Colleges. If
the Ontario Parliament, in the wisdom of its first years, finds
irreversibly respecting certain Colleges engaged in disseminat-
ing a knowledge of literature, science, and art, that they are
ineligible for employment in this service because they are
connected with particular churches (although this is the case
7
with the best servants the country has), then it is bound, in
consistency with this conclusion, to ignore all DenominationalColleges, and to act, not as if they would continue to supply
the wants of the country and’thereby relieve the Government of
this duty, but as if they had no existence at all. Under a sense
of justice to its widespread constituencies and a due regard to
the greatest Provincial interest committed to its charge, it is
bound to plant and endow purely secular Institutions at different
points the most eligible for the purpose. Taking the expenditure
of University College, Toronto, as a standard, this would cost
annually at least five or six times the greatest amount hitherto
voted to the other Colleges. But no matter;in the circum-
stances at present under supposition, there is no other way of
working up Collegiate education into a national system.
Whether on the ground of economy or from the fear of failure,
the Government has not announced any such policy. Is it
wise, is it consistent with a prudent and dignified statesmanship
to proscribe one class of Institutions, which in a collective sense
may be said to be both representative and popular, withoutindicating an intention to supply their places with another, of
which it might be hoped, that they shall be more representative
and more popular? Instead of assuming that the opinion of
the country is against the continuance of substantial assistance
to these Colleges, should not a proper regard for all the interests
involved at least suggest such a delay, in departing from a longestablished policy, as will afford a constitutional opportunity of
referring the cpiestion to the constituencies ? Instead of sum-marily closing down upon a plan, which, though not altogether
unobjectionable, has nevertheless on the whole worked well,
does not ordinary discretion dictate, ‘‘Let well alone until
better be ?”
But supposing the Province to be furnished adequately withsecular Institutions, will the result be a national system ?
Certainly not. It will come very far short of universal accept-
ance. The Boraan Catholics, adhering to their fundamentalprinciple that education is of little value unless leavened andsanctified by a religious element, must find themselves unpro-vided for
;and the majority of the Protestants, conscientious in
their preference of Denominational Colleges, would also beunprovided for. There might be, as there are now, suchinstances as that of parents sending their sons to a non-denominational Institution close by, instead of to a denomina-tional College at a distance
;but as a rule, conscientious
scruples would carry the day in favour of the latter againstaU considerations of convenience.
8
Looking, then, at this great subject from a truly nationax
point of view, the question is simply this :—By what systemcan the Legislature most easily give a Collegiate education
acceptable to tlie largest number of the people? Is it byerecting and endowing several Colleges, or by engaging at areasonable rate those Colleges which have been already erected
and which have secured a large amount of public favour?The latter plan claims adoption on the following grounds :
—
1. It has been in successful operation for many years. Thecountry has gained an immense advantage by it
;and what
individual or interest has suffered ?
2. It will preserve in historical reality the most valuedconnections of hundreds ofalumni and graduates, whose position
would be seriously affected by the impoverishing of the Institu-
tions at which they have been educated.
3. It is comprehensive in the respect which it pays to importantdifferences of opinion. University College, Toronto, will
continue to suit the views of those who believe that a College
should have no denominational connection, and many who are
indifferent on the subject. Denominational Colleges will
accord with the sentiments of such as prefer them, and as
hitherto their doors will be open to many others whose ecclesi-
astical predilections will suffer no offence.
4. It agrees with the principle of religious liberty. It neither
rejects nor employs the service of Institutions because they are
denominational, but without respect to their denominationalismengages them to labour for the diffusion of literary and scientific
learning.
5. It honours the right which all men have to share, as
equally as possible, the convenience and facility with which a
legislative provision may be enjoyed.
6. It harmonizes with the practice of the Government in
giving only a supplementary aid to local or sectional Institutions.
7. It will certainly extend the benefits of Collegiate education
to all classes of society, and to a much larger number of personsthan can be reached by any other arrangement.
8. On the score of economy it especially commends itself.
The annual expenditure on account of it, even supposing it to
be acted upon more extensively than it has yet been, will bemuch less than the annual charge created by the erection andmaintenance of one non-denominational College in anylocality.
A PLEA FOR DENOimATIOJfAL COLLEGES
m ONTARIO.
SECOND PAPEE.
VII. THE UNIVERSITY ACT OF 1853.
This Act—16 Yict., cap. 89—is entitled to special notice as
furnishing distinct grounds of claim : first, in law^ because it
is the most recent statute on the subject, it is still unrepealed,
and it makes provision for the Colleges;and, secondly, in
equity^ because the diverting or withholding of that provision
from the Colleges, through no fault of theirs, but by measures
which, it must be presumed, have received the sanction of
successive administrations, is an injury for which a reasonable
compensation is due. The law confers specific rights;should
the Executive sanction measures which transgress the law anddestroy the rights, where is Parliamentary authority, whereare the safeguards of legislation, and what becomes of national
honour and reputation, if the grievances thereby occasioned
be not, in some shape or form, redressed ?
LEGISLATIVE RECOGNITION OF DENOMINATIONAL RIGHTS,
A preceding Act—12 Yict., cap. 82, 1819—has the following
as part of its preamble :—“ The people of this Province consist‘‘ of various denominations of Christians, to the members of
each of which denominations it is desirable to extend all^the
“ benefits of a University education.” This Act provided for
the establishment of a Collegiate Institution at Toronto, onsuch a basis as “ that the just rights and privileges of all may“ be fully maintained without ofience to the religious opinions“ of any and to the incorporated, degree-granting Colleges of
Upper Canada that would surrender the power of conferring
degrees in the several Faculties except Divinity, it made anoffer of affiliation, consisting, however, in nothing more thanthe right of sending a member to the Senate of that Institution.
These Colleges, justly conceiving that this right was in nosehse a compensation for the surrender of powers which, at
2
great expense, they had obtained and begun to exercise, did
not accept the oifer. A four years’ trial of this measure wasfound to be sufficient. In 1853 it was repealed, and the Actthen passed declared it to be a failure. The end proposed bythe Legislature, namely, the extending of the benefits of aUniversity education to the members of each Christian
denomination^ was still held to be desirable, but the meanshitherto employed were found to be at fault. The openingsentences of the new enactment contain specific reasons, three
in number, for the failure. (1)“ Ho College or educational
“ Institution hath become affiliated to the University.”
(2)“ Many parents and others are deterred by the expense and
“ other causes, from sending the youth under their charge to beeducated in a large city distant, in many cases, from their
homes.” (3)“ From these and other causes many do and
will prosecute and complete their studies in other Institutions“ in various parts of this Province.”
These were the substantial grounds on which the Act of
1849 was repealed. They still exist. Had the Legislature
been actuated by the illiberal sentiments now vehementlyexpressed in some quartos, it would have said—The membersof certain denominations of Christians do not accept the offer
of a University education which has been made to them;they
allege, it is true, very plausible reasons for their refusal, such
as inconvenience, difficulty, expense, parental apprehensions,
and conscientious scruples;but the State must attach no
value to these;
sectarianism is at the bottom of all this
opposition;let the denominational Colleges shift for them-
selves. Yery different was the spirit which animated the
public men of that yet recent day—a sympathizing, generous,
patriotic spirit.
ATTENDANCE AT VARIOUS COLLEGES ENCOURAGED.
The preamble of the Act of 1853, having given the reasonsfor repeal above quoted, at once proceeds to declare that to
those prosecuting their studies in other Institutions in variousparts of the Province “ it is just and eight to afford facilities“ for obtaining those scholastic honours and rewards which their“ diligence and proffciency may deserve, and thereby to“ encourage them and others to persevere in the pursuit of“ knowledge and sound learning.” So far from holding out anyinducement to the youth of the Province to avoid theseInstitutions and go to Toronto, it was wisely resolved to makethe rewarding of diligence and proficiency shown by them at
the Colleges of their choicem mcouragerrwnt to others to follow
3
their example. What provision was made for this ? There hadbeen acquired by this time a fair and satisfactory experience
of the working of Her Majesty’s Eoyal Charter to theUniversity of London, granted for the very same purposes as
are set forth in the preamble of the Canadian Act, and it wasresolved to proceed upon the principles embodied in that
document.
SEPARATION OP UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE FUNCTIONS.
The University of Toronto was to have its functions as aUniversity separated from those assigned to it as a College.
Hitherto the Institution had been a College with University
powers. But two distinct Institutions were now to beestablished. The importance attached to this amendmentappears from its being the first of the two purposes of the Actas expressed by its title, and from the Act itself which, in its
divisions and subdivisions, is throughout so constructed as to
exhibit this separation. Immediately following the preamblethere are, in fact, two Acts of Incorporation wholly different,
and nowise connected with each other more closely thanthe first, which relates to the University of Toronto, is
connected with the Eoyal Charter of Queen’s College at
Kingston or of Victoria . College at Cobourg, unless
the almost unavoidable circumstance of their being printed
one after the other, as parts of the same general Act, canbe construed into a nearer relationship. Two corporate
bodies are instituted — each with its own powers vested
in it, its own functions assigned to it, its' own constitution
and membership prescribed for it. The two bodies are in
their nature distinct, and with a care amounting to jealousy
the Act keeps them distinct, for the very good reason that oneof them, the University, is to become related to a numberof Institutions of the same character as the other, namely, the
College.
FUNCTIONS OP UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE STRICTLYLIMITED.
The functions of the University are, by section 3, limited to
the examining of candidates for degrees, scholarships, prizes,
or certificates of honour, and the fourth division of the Act,under the head of “ Endowment and Property,” after providingfor cost of management, limits the expenditure for purelyUniversity purposes to the accommodation of the examiningbody with which the University is identical, and the charges
4
required for examinations and for rewards to successful
candidates.
The functions of the Gollege are, by section 32, limited to
teaching, and the branches to be taught are such as form part
of a general system of liberal education—the teaching of
Divinity, Law, Medicine, and Surgery being prohibited;and
under the head of Endowment and Property,” the expendi-
ture on account of it, after paying charges of management, is
limited to ‘‘ current expenses, including the care, maintenance,and ordinary repairs” ofthe property assigned for the use of it.
The limits with respect to both Institutions—with respect to
the functions assigned to each, and with respect to the
expenditure on account of each—are so specifically and exactly
stated, as to indicate, in the clearest manner possible, the
intention of the Legislature that they should be strictly
observed, and to constitute any departure from them anillegal procedure, by whomsoever made or sanctioned. Theseparation of the University from the College, though not so
fully guarded by the letter of the statute, is nevertheless so
completely drawn as to make it plain, that the separation wasdeemed a leading and essential feature of the noble schemeinitiated.
EXPECTED RESULTS OF SEPARATION.
The anticipated and proper effects of the separation were
(1) the founding of a Provincial Institution intrusted with the
granting of degrees and other scholastic privileges to persons
who may have completed or who may be prosecuting their
studies, not only at University College, Toronto, but also at“ other Institutions in various parts of the Province ;” and
(2) the founding or rather remodelling of another Institution,
restricted to the work of teaching, amply provided for as to
maintenance out of the Upper Canada Endowment for
Superior Education, but in no sense or manner more closely
connected with the University than any of those other
Institutions. The truth is, from special and repeated reference
made to those other Institutions, the consistency of the
provisions of the Act with the declaration of purpose withwhich it begins is made prominent. Former legislation, withthe object of extending the benefits of a Collegiate educationto the members of each Christian denomination having failed,
and it now appearing to be not only “ desirable,” but Sihojustand rights that they should enjoy these benefits, the Actproposes to afford ‘‘facilities” to students attending other
Colleges, without any hindrance ffom their denominational
5
character, and without any fear on account of it. Thesefacilities were to be of two kinds—one scholastic^ to be directly
accessible to the students themselves as rewards of their
diligence and proficiency;the other jpecuniary^ intended to
benefit the students by improving the status and appliances of
their Colleges.
PKOVISION FOR SCHOLASTIC FACILITIES.
These were to be connected with the awarding of degrees,
scholarships, prizes, and certificates of honour. With regard
to scholarships in particular it is provided, by section 24, that
they should be tenable^ “in any of the affiliated Institutions,”
that is (comparing sections IT, 18, and 24), any of the
incorporated Colleges of Upper Canada. All such distinctions
were to be awarded upon examinations conducted at the
instance of the Provincial examining body—the University
constituted by the Act. The regulations to be made withrespect to attainments and the examination of candidates were,
by section 22, ordained to be “ similar to those in force for like
“ purposes in the University of London.”One of the regulations of the University of London, by the
adoption of a simple, inexpensive, and impartial plan—a plannow embracing annually in its beneficial operations the
Dominion of Canada, in connection with the Gilchrist Scholar-
ship—provides for simultaneous Provincial examinations^that is, examinations conducted at the thirty or forty Institu-
tions throughout England in affiliation with the University,“ on the same days and at the same hours” as the examinationsin London itself. The advantage to the University has beenthe securing of an immense influence and prestige in theeducational circles of Great Britain, and the effect upon the
youth of England has been, in the words of our own Act, to
encourage large numbers to persevere in the pursuit of know-ledge and sound learning.
NEW CAUSES OF FAILURE.
What would have been the results had the University of
Toronto, during the fifteen years of its existence, followed thesame course? It would only have fulfilled tlie high andbeneficent mission committed to it, but in doing so its influence
would have been everywhere felt, and everywhere felt for
good. It would have stimulated the desire for Collegiate
education;
it would have encouraged youthful ambition to
gain honourable distinction;and, instead of alienating the
“ outlying Colleges ” from it; would have greatly benefitted
6
them all by arousing a generous emulation among them. But,
with a splendid opportunity to improve, with a successful
example in England to follow, and with a law specially
prepared for its direction to obey, it has adopted a different
system, and held all its examinations at Toronto. Have not
its examinations been open to all duly certified competitors ?
Let , it be admitted that they have, but what of ^^jacilities
which it was appointed to create and offer ? The majority of
students, even the best students, are poor, and what with the
expense of travelling to and from the Metropolis and of apartial residence there, loss of time, and other inconveni-
ences, there has been no alternative to their appearing in
Toronto, but the suicidal course of advising the most promisingalumni of the “ outlying Colleges ” to connect themselves at
once and permanently with University College—a course whichthe authorities of these Institutions cannot be expected to
favour. And so it has happened that with the greatest
educational attractions and prizes in the Province centralized
against them at Toronto, they have been compelled to rely
upon private liberality for such inducements as they have beenenabled to offer.
Had the University of Toronto followed the practice of theUniversity of London, it would have done no more than whatwas its duty and interest to do, and there would by this timehave been results wherewith to test in Canada an experimentwhich has been eminently successful in England. But as
things have been, it is probable that the success would havebeen only partial, for the composition of the University orexamining body has always been very objectionable to all theColleges save one. The declared purpose of the Act underconsideration is to amend the laws relating to the University“ of Toronto, hy sejpamting its functions as a Universit/yfrom
those assigned to it as a College^ The University was to
become the fountain of honour for diligent and proficient
students at the various Provincial Institutions;the College
was to be a seminary of learning, a teaching corporation
having its seat at Toronto, and taking its place, with regard to
purely scholastic functidlis, on the same terms of relation to
the University as the other Collegiate Institutions, and enjoyinga full endowment into the bargain. Separate functions are
usually most respected and best discharged by bodies whichare not identical but different, not related by the tie ofcommon interest, but altogether independent of each other.
Phtralities have had their day, and now it seems as if evendualities were to have an uneasy existence. In no case does
7
the propriety of assigning separate functions to different
bodies hold so strongly as when one of the bodies is the ap-
pointed judge and rewarder of the work which the other does,
especially when that other is but one of a number of competi-
tors for distinction;and in reference to no kind of work
should it be more carefully observed than the delicate business
of forming a comparative estimate of attainments acquired at
a diversity of educational Institutions and under different sys-
tems of instruction. The University of Toronto was consti-
tuted, by the Act of 1853, the examiner, judge, and rewarderof students who have completed or are prosecuting their edu-
cational course at the several incorporated Colleges of UpperCanada. An impartial regard for all the interests involved
should have secured either its perfect independence of all the
Colleges, or an equal representation from each. But the Uni-
versity of Toronto, unlike the University of London as consti-
tuted by Her Majesty’s Eoyal Charter;unlike Queen’s Uni-
versity, Dublin, ‘‘ which as a perfectly independent hody^ is
“ ready to test the character and extent” * of the instruction
at its affiliated Colleges in different parts of Ireland;unlike
these great national Institutions, the University of Torontohas had, in its membership, a large number of gentlemen
—
and has now nearly one-half of the whole number (47)—con-
nected, either as Brofessors or alumni, in the most intimate
manner, with University College. This, together with well
known local influences, has operated to the disadvantage of the
outlying Colleges. It is true that the heads of some other
Colleges are members of the University, but with their daily
duties at a distance, and the expenses of travelling to pay, andthe feeling that they form a helpless minority to dissuade
them, rather than give an irregular and unsatisfactory attend-
ance, they absent themselves from the meetings. As there
has been no opportunity of testing a Provincial system of exa-
mination, no opinion can be given as to how it would fare
with the work done by the other Colleges, if subjected to anexamination conducted wholly or partially by the Professors
and alumni of University College, except the very favourable
opinion that it would be just;but it does not consist with
human nature that the authorities of the outlying Colleges
should accept complacently, and as a matter of course, anyaiTangement by which the University of Toronto, constituted
as at present, would determine the character of Institutions
virtually competing with itself.
From aa editorial in The Qlobe of November 6th, 1868, with the liberty of
italicieinj;.
8
What has been the consequence of this state of things ?
The purpose of the Act in separating the University from the
College at Toronto has been thwarted. The two bodies havehad everything very much their own one way. Few perceive
any indication of a difference in their existence, constitution, or
operations. “ With some, through ignorance, and with others,“ it is to be feared, through something much more objection-‘‘ able, it [the University] is often confounded with University
College.”* The belief extensively prevails that the Univer-sity dispenses all its favours and distinctions through the Col-
lege. And the great Provincial Institution which the Legis-
lators of 1853 thought they were establishing, with special
facilities for the diffusion of superior education among all
denominations of Christians, centralizes its work to the parti-
cular convenience and advantage of one College. Instead of
throwing fresh and generous impulses into College life
throughout Ontario, it bestows its encouragements to perse-
vere in the pursuit of learning only on those who seek themin Toronto.
There is no subject on which the people of this Provincehave been more agitated than that of equality of political rep-
resentation. This question being beyond them for the present,
let them take kindly to the equalizing, or, if it seem better, the
abolishing of Collegiate representation, so that high official
duties, wisely separated by law, may be kept separate in prac-
tice. Shrewd, far-seeing men profess to descry mischief in
duality of Parliamentary status^ whether it be that Torontounfits for legislation at Ottawa, or Ottawa spoils for legislation
at Toronto. May they not be requested to devote a little of
their enthusiasm to the rectification of evils arising fromduality of Educationalfunctions f
* The OlohCf ibid.
A PLEA FOR LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT
TO COLLEGIATE INSTITUTIONS
IN ONTARIO.
THIRD PAPER.
TJNIVEKSITY ACT OF
It must have been felt, by the framers of the University Act of
1853, that any encouragement made accessible to students in the out-
lying Colleges would be of little use, unless the Colleges themselves
were placed on a better footing than that of entire dependence upon a
fitful, though well tried, private liberality. A fund for Academical
Education, through Parliamenta/ry appropriatimi^ was therefore pro-
vided for.
PECUNIARY FACILITIES TO THE COLLEGES..
According to the Report of the Commissioners appointed by Lord
Monck to inquire into the expenditure of thefunds of the University of
Toronto^ &c., published at Quebec in 1862 (page 11), Academical Edu-
cation in Upper Canada had the benefit of an appropriation of upwards
of 226,000 ecres, exclusive of 150 acres, now aparh^ within the limits
of the City of Toronto. By the sale of a part of these lands the sum
of $1,358,903 had been produced. In December, 1861, the Bursar
(p, 200) estimated the unsold lands at $167,049.
2
The Act of 1853, under the head of “ Endowment and Property,”
(section 49), requires that the purchase money of any property sold and
the principal of any money invested shall be deemed permanent property
and “ shall not he expended or diminished in anyway,' except (sec. 57)
for piermanent additions and improvements on the buildings assigned
for* the use of the University and University College. All moneys
arising from interest and from all casual sources were (sec. 49) to form
an Income Fund, and this Fund (sec. 51) was to bear all charges for
the management of the property, and all current expenses of the Uni-
versity and College, including the “care, maintenance, and ordinary
repairs ” of the buildings assigned for their use. A special retiring
allowance of one year’s salary was to be made (sec. 53) out of the
Income Fund to the Professors of Law and Medicine, as compensation
for loss of Professorships.
These expenditures having been expressly legalized, the Act then
disposes of the surplus expected to be at the credit of the Income
Fund from year to year. The words of Section 54 are, “Any surplus
of the said University Income Fund remaining at the end of any
year, after defraying the expenses payable out of the same, shall con-
stitute a fund to be from time to time appropriated by Parliament for
Academical Education in Upper Canada.”
Had the express conditions of the Act, with respect to the expendi-
ture of the Income Fund, been observed in the interests of Academical
or Superior Education, with a regard in every way secondary to the
liberal maintenance to which the University and College became en-
titled, there would have been from the first a considerable surplus, and
that surplus would have annually increased. In February, 1853, the
Bursar, in a letter to the Hon. Francis Hincks, (Rep. p. 197) gave an
estimate of the future income at $80,000 per annum. That same
year the whole charge including $13,925, being the compensation to
retiring professors, and $12,148 of surplus income, was $67,076 (Rep.
pp. 68-9). The ordinary expenses were then $41,003, even allowing
one or two special appropriations to pass. There can be no doubt that
Mr. Hincks, with this particular information as to future income com-
municated to him on the best authority, while the act was passing
through Parliament, had before him a most gratifying prospect—a large
available surplus for annual Parliamentary appropriation to the benefit
3
of that diffused Collegiate education wMch, with patriotic solicitude,
he was doing his best to secure. The abolition of all Professorships
in Medicine and Law, and the restricting of University College to
the single Faculty of Arts, greatly circumscribed the causes of actual
expenditure, and therefore contributed to the insuring of this prospect.
Since that time, facts show the accuracy of his calculations and the
practicability of his plans. An official estimate of current yearly
expenditure for University College (Rep. p. 79) sets it down at
$30,000. The whole annual expenditure having averaged (Rep. pp.
68-71) $58,729, from 1854 to 1860, and $54,892 from 1861 to 1864,
in December, 1865, (Returns, Feb. 1868, p. 18), an Order in Council
assigned $45,000, with fees, <fec., never large—^last year only $715—as
the available income of the University Income Fund until June 30th,
1871. This assignment includes an annual appropriation of $4000
for the Bursar’s office, or management of the property. In 1861 the
charge for this purpose was $8,190 (Rep. p. 72).
There are obvious reasons for expecting an increarie in the ordinary
expenses of such establishments as those contemplated by the Act of
1853. The authorities of the outlying Colleges, at all times aware of
this, feel it with special keenness when it is proposed by the Govern-
ment to block up their access to the public Treasury. And with
respect to the University of Toronto and University College, the
country, giving due respect to the law in their behalf, can afford to be
generous as well as just. But $45,000 is in this Province a fair
available revenue for those Institutions, and there would probably have
been little disposition to complain had it stood at that all through. If
sufficient now it was sufficient any time during the last 15 years. But
what are the facts'? From 1859 to 1864 the average of annual income
was $48,139 and of annual expenditure $58,813, and the excess of
expenditure over income, or debt accumulated, in six years, $64,039,
—
since raised to $70,000, as appears from the Returns of date
14th February, 1868.
According to the Act, buildings were to be assigned, and were
assigned, for the use of the University and the College. They still
exist. Their proportions attract the attention of strangers and one
needs no prompting to inquire, What buildings are these? He is
informed that they were once occupied by the Toronto University and
4
College, but that the Government has for a number of years appro,
priated them for the purposes of a Lunatic Asylum, rent free. Should
the astonished stranger belong to Ontario and feel some interest in the
diffusion of Academical education, he very naturally concludes that
they would be a splendid addition to the public buildings of any town
or City out of Toronto, and would answer the purposes of a College
for half a century to come. The Act of 1853, Section 51, provides
that the care, maintenance, and ordinary repairs of this property
should be a charge on the IJniversity Income Fund; and Section 57,
that such permanent additions and improvements as might be deemed
necessary, should be charged to the Permanent Fund. But Orders in
Council proved stronger than these very precise and specific enact-
ments of Parliament, and being issued as fast as they were needed to
officials nowise averse to act upon their authority, the results were as
follows :—(1) The erection of a new pile of buildings, exceeding in
grandeur anything of the kind on this continent f (2) A charge upon
the Permanent Fund of quite $400,000, including cost of Library
and Museum (Bursar’s Letter, Bep. p. 197); and, (3), valuing this
charge at 6 per cent., a standing annual reduction of $24,000 upon
the Income Fund, out of the surplus of which the incorporated
Colleges were led to expect Parliamentary appropriations, to supple-
ment private resources.
The Senate of the University, with its scholastic functions limited
to the exercise of examining and rewarding powers, was also to have
accommodation, and the expenses to be incurred by this body in pro-
viding facilities for the encouragement of students at various Institu-
tions throughout the Province, by dispensing degrees, scholarships,
prizes, and certificates of honour, to such as might be found entitled
* Concerning the new buildings, the Commissioners—after indicating grounds
for doubt that the expenditure on account of them is in accordance with Legisla-
tive enactment, and after recording their conviction that it is upon a scale dis-
proportionate to their uses and requirements, “ as well as inexpedient, when, the
necessity for public aid to sustain the higher educational interests of the country
is considered,^proceed to say (Rep. p, 14), “Comfort and utility have, it is
feared, been i»OT^smidied than appearance and decoration ;and even now, when
the number of students is far smaller than in this growing country may reason-
ably be expected to assemble within its walls, complaints are made that the
accommodation afforded to University College is greatly limited.”
5
to them, were to be charged to the University Income Fund. This
Board does homage to convenience rather than grandeur, by holding
its business meetings, not in the buildings, which “ through ignorance
or something more objectionable,” are commonly called The University^
but in one of the rooms of Upper Canada College. Its arrangements
are such, that students at affiliated Institutions do not enjoy any
facilities for obtaining its scholastic honours and rewards, and in 1861
the expenses incurred by it in the discharge of its functions were
rejjorted to be about $15,000 per annum (Rep, p. 19).
Further particulars may be found in the Commissioners’ Report
;
but it is deemed unnecessary to produce them here. With such drains
upon the Permanent Fund, and such a faculty for expending more
than is available from the Income Fund, or getting into debt, of course
for many years—since 1859—a surplus for appropriation by Parlia-
ment has been nowhere, and at length (in 1865) the Government saw
the necessity of putting the Institutions upon an allowance. Habits
long indulged are not easily broken off, and as Orders m Council
appear to have too often exceeded the authority of Parliament, the
University and College at Toronto have in turn exceeded the iustruc-
tions of Government—the expenditure for the year ending 30th June,
1867, having been greater than the allowance by $1,512.—(Returns,
1868.
)But from 1853 to 1856, there was a surplus amounting to
$27,691. Whatever became of it, Parliament has not had the oppor-
tunity of exercising its prerogative by appropriating it for Academic
education in Upper Canada.
EXPLANATION.
The motive under which publicity is at this time given to these
details is very liable to be misunderstood, and very likely to be mis-
represented. The only defence available at present is the positive
affirmation of a belief that the account which has been given of the
purposes of the University Act of 1853, and the manner in which they
have been thwarted, as also of the provisions of the Act and the man-
ner in which they have been disregarded or transgressed, sets forth a
special reason for the continuance of Legislative assistance to the in-
corporated Colleges of Ontario.
6
CASE FOR THE COLLEGES.
It lias been shown that attempts at legislation, prior to 1853, were
based upon an equality of rights, possessed under the Constitution by
the members of the various Christian denominations of which the
people of the Province consist, and that they proceeded upon the
acknowledged desirableness of extending to all of them the benefits of
a Collegiate education. It has been shown that the Act of 1853, pro-
nouncing these attempts a failure, (because while they contemplated a
single Institution with University powers, situated at Toronto, a
variety of causes, then held to be sufiicient, induced the attendance
of many persons at other Collegiate Institutions), proposed to remedy
this state of things by affording such facilities to these persons as
would encourage them and others to persevere in the pursuit of sound
learning. It has been shown that an ample provision of means,
adapted to the attainment of these just and laudable ends, was made
by the last mentioned Act, namely :—i. By the founding of a Univer-
sity, intended to be thoroughly national in its constitution, character,
and operations;
ii. By assigning to this University functions of such
a nature as to separate it from the College at Toronto, of which it had
been formerly a part, as also from all Colleges thenceforth to be enti-
tled to Legislative consideration merely as teaching corporations, and
thus placing it in a position in which, as a perfectly independent
body,” like the Universities of London and Dublin, it might command
the confidence, support, and co-operation of all the incorporated Col-
leges which were by the Act affiliated to it, or which might be after-
wards brought into affiliation as the Act provides; and, iii. By defining
the lawfulness of expenditure from the superior education endowment
in Upper Canada, for University and College purposes at Toronto,
in terms so specific and exact as to justify the Legislature, the manager
of the property, the authorities of the affiliated Colleges, and all per-
sons acquainted with the Act and the subject of it, in expecting the
speedy realization of a surplus in every way sufficient to afford a rea-
sonable amount for annual Parliamentary appropriation. It has been
shown that these means have failed— not from any unfitness in them-
selves, not from any obscurity in the intentions or provisions of the
legislation respecting them, not from any fault of the incorporated and
affiliated Colleges—^but from an administration, so very peculiar, that no
7
facilities have been afforded for the encouragement of students who do
not choose to gain or enjoy them at Toronto, and no surplus of income
has been available for distribution—even that which accrued from 1853
to 1856 having been withheld.
Fui’ther, it is alleged that the Colleges, on the passing of the Aot^
held it to be acceptable, trusting to a faithful enforcement of particu-
lar requirements and a just interpretation of it taken as a whole,
especially as it made provision for the submission of annual reports to
Parliament. It is alleged that the Colleges, so far from being averse
to affiliation, are in favour of it—opinions to that effect having been re-
peatedly made public, as well as placed on record, and preparations
having been made to qualify for the full enjoyment of its anticipated
benefits. It is alleged that at various times the authorities of these
Colleges have endeavoured to assert their rights, but that instead of any
allowance being made for their feeling of disappointment and sense of
injury, they have been stigmatized as sectarians and spoliators. It is
alleged that inasmuch as the Act of 1853 provides for the affiliation of
certain Colleges, without respect to their denominationalism, but solely
on account of their fitness to aid in the promotion of Literature,
Science, and Art, it is unjust now to allow the cry which has been
raised because of their denominational connections to have any influ-
ence against their claims to Legislative assistance. I t is alleged that
State aid to Collegiate Institutions for literary and scientific purposes
does not mean the handing over of that aid to the denominations with
which they are connected to use it as they like, but that it implies a
Government inspection of all Institutions receiving assistance from
public sources;nor that an indefinite numher of such Institutions
may be subsidized, but that the Government, as the Act of 1853
plainly indicates, should reserve the right of determining the condi-
tions and circumstances according to which a College, whether deno-
minational in its connection or not, should be allowed to affiliate to
the Provincial University.
The case submitted is not that of a number of Institutions in
Ontario against the University and College of Toronto; but simply
that of the former, with a place and provision assigned by law to them
as well as the latter, suffering for 15 years the deprivation of every
8 .
scholastic facility* and pecuniary advantage to which they are entitled,
and now threatened by the Government of the Province with a discon-
tinuance of that annual aid, which they have been accustomed to accept
as being in some measure a compensation. So far from being satisfied
with the present system of annual grants, they decidedly prefer equit-
able settlement and permanent recognition of their claims. Collegiate
education has been to a large extent in their hands;What so defective
in the work done by them or so objectionable in their manner of doing
it, as to provoke a refusal of assistance in one way without the ofier of
it in another % Possessing a conscience and desiring to keep it void of
ofience towards both God and man;What so criminal in their attach-
ment to religious institutions, as to disqualify them for the dissemina-
tion of literary and scientific knowledge? With every other public
interest receiving a careful attention from the Legislature;What so
trivial in a diffused Collegiate Education, that the consideration and
justice to which it is entitled should be denied or delayed? This fair
and prosperous Province has, it is believed, entered upon a hey-day of
political confederationjWhat more seasonable or welcome token of a
true-hearted devotion to its highest well-being can it receive from the
hands of its Legislature, than an impartially constituted^ liherally
assisted educational affiliation—such an affiliation as will encourage
a willing co-operation of its members, that is, the various Colleges in
the Province—^towards one great end, to wit, the progress of civiliza-
tion, patriotism, and morality.”
