cabecera de cuencas: mitos y verdades headwaters basins ......cabecera de cuencas: mitos y...

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Cabecera de cuencas: Mitos y verdades.... Headwaters basins : myths and truths........ José N. De Piérola C. Honorary Professor , Universidad Agraria “La Molina”, Lima, Perú Manager of Water Resources Southern Peru Copper Corp. 18th Seminar on Water Resources and Environmental Management Concepcion, Chile March 13-17, 2016

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  • Cabecera de cuencas: Mitos y verdades....

    Headwaters basins : myths and truths........

    José N. De Piérola C. Honorary Professor , Universidad Agraria “La Molina”, Lima, Perú

    Manager of Water Resources Southern Peru Copper Corp.

    18th Seminar on Water Resources and Environmental ManagementConcepcion, Chile

    March 13-17, 2016

  • Items

    1.Rainfall and the watersheds.La precipitacion en la cuencas...

    1.Rainfall patterns in Perú and formationof runoff.Patrones de lluvia en el Peru y la escorrentía

    3. Mining operations and the watershed.Las operaciones mineras y la cuenca

    4. Concerts about impacts on the flow andquality..El impacto en la cantidad y la calidad

  • Reference: http://recuperapatzcuaro.com/lacuenca.php#, adaptado por Casaverde (2011)

    Water divide

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    Typical west side watershed in peruvian andes.....Code of drainage chanels by Strahler

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    Typical watershed in the east side of the peruvian andes

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  • Reference: CARLOS HERNANDO LONDOÑO ARANGO, Profesor Titular: Universidad del Tolima, Colombbia

    Drainage Topology and net conection Type of runoff

    dentritic pinnate paralel

  • Refere3nce: CARLOS HERNANDO LONDOÑO ARANGO, Profesor Titular: Universidad del Tolima, Colombbia

    Distribution ofSlopes in theWatershed...

  • Annual rainfall variability in westsides andes of Peruvian watersheds

    09 rainfall homogeneous zones defined

  • Rainfall – altitud relationship from regions northern Latitud 6°

  • Rainfall – altitud relationship from regions southern Latitud 6°

  • Where q = Q/A where the maximum water yield is located..??

    Fuente: CARLOS HERNANDO LONDOÑO ARANGO, Profesor Titular: Universidad del Tolima, Colombbia

  • Unidades en Producción y proyectos de Exploración Exploration and production areas south of Perú

  • Law proposed as: 1435 / 2012-CR, oriented to conservancy ofheadwaters basin.In the preamble to the proposed project it aims contribute to therecovery and sustainable management of our natural resources andensure effective protection of the headwaters of river ecosystems ofhigh ecological vulnerability. (Congresswoman Veronika Mendoza, 18Aug 2012 and today´s Presidential candidate)

    Source: La Republica, newspaper….In relation to Conga mining Project, Cajamarca,Peru

  • • No use of vehicles and no infraestructure...?• Limitations on property rights ...?

  • • No costs for the government.....?• Reduction of social conflicts.....?

  • "In the Peruvian regulations found that the headwaters are areas of special interest that deserve special treatment, however is not written by any how delimit side. The fact that the Pfafstetter methodology adopted for the delimitation of watersheds, officially in Peru, is already a big step,……. the second step missing regarding headwaters. "Chronicles of the city of Cajamarca. 04.05.201

    “Ecological Economic Zoning (Ecological Economical delimitation) It is defined as a dynamic process, which allows a region a spatial arrangement of relatively uniform units, characterized based on physical, biotic, socioeconomic, cultural and evaluated in relation to its sustained potential or tolerance to human interventions factors….” Cajamarca biodiversity strategy to 2021.Octubre 2009

  • Piura UDEP, Octubre 2013 Tesis para optar el Grado de MSc Recursos Hidricos

  • Modelling aproach for headwaters basin definition….

  • About conclusions:

    1. It is a first aproximation to headwaters definition…

    2. Proposal of a practical methodology .....for Piura river

    3. Includes ZEE as a tool in the methodology ..

    4. Altitud it is not the only variable to define headwaters ..

    5. The proposed methodolgy needs to be improved in order toapply to other watersheds....

  • MINING IN HEADWATERS BASIN:

    A CHALLENGE TO INTRODUCTION OF NEW WATER USES TECHNOLOGY AND PLANNING:

    1. Introduction of ponds, chanels and reservoirs to reduce erosión and control/improve of quality..

    2.Artificial systems of water recharge for groundwaterand subsurface

    3. Intensive reuse of water: treatment plants and diversions.

    4.Participative Monitoring programs around all of thewatersheds

  • 1. Headwater basins are not necessarily those which collect more water.... but begin the process of drainage of runoff..

    2. Groundwater flow in the lower valleys not necessarily becomeFrom headwater....

    3. The rainfall pattern determines how the baseflows behaves ..

    4. Headwater delimitation requieres others criteria besides to hydrological...

    5. The impact of mining activity has its owns characteristics in each watershed.....

    6. Each watershed needs to be an economic unit and must be viable for sustainable articulation of all of its activities....miningamong them

    Final remarks.....

  • At the time of the Incas Empire (1300-1500 AC) watersheds were worked ordely..??The importance of headwaters was known..??

  • ¡ LOS ESPERAMOS ESTE SETIEMBRE EN LIMA ¡¡

    We are waiting for you…!!