cabauw experimental site for atmospheric research - cesar - henk klein baltink atmospheric research...
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Cabauw Experimental Site forAtmospheric Research
- CESAR -
Henk Klein Baltink
Atmospheric Research Section
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 2
Outline Overview Instruments at Cabauw Status 35 GHz Cloud Radar examples from BBC-campaign
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 3
CESAR (Cabauw)
Objective:
to set-up and operate at the Cabauw site an observational facility with a comprehensive set of remote sensing and in-situ equipment to characterize the state of the atmosphere,its radiative properties and interaction with the land surface, for the study of physical processes, climate monitoring, and validation studies
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 4
Remote Sensing Site
ProfilerSonicGPS
Cabauw Tower
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 5
Status May 2002 (1) Tower (10, 20, 40, 80, 140, 200 m agl):
wind speed, direction, temp, dew temp (temp also at 0.6,1.6 m) turbulent fluxes at 180 m. (in progress) particle counters (in progress)
Surface: incoming/outgoing short & longwave radiation (BSRN in 20??) rain rate and duration DSD (in progress) soil temp. & hum. turbulent fluxes (at 4.5 m and 1 m. agl)
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 6
Status May 2002 (2) Remote Sensing (passive)
IR-radiometers microwave radiometer (Univ.-Bonn, until ?)
Remote Sensing (active) 1290 MHz windprofiler/RASS 3.3 GHz FM-CW radar (TARA) 35 GHz Cloud Radar ceilometers (CT75,LD40) 1042 nm lidar GPS-receiver
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 7
KNMI 35 GHz Radar
CT75 ceilometer
Heimann IR-radiometers
Video camera
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 8
peak power 100 W (TWT transmitter) polarisation capability on receive spectral processing pulse-coding to enhance sensitivity 1.8 m antenna (0.36º beam angle) flexible parameter setting via GUI automated, unattended operation
Main Characteristics 35 GHz
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 9
Status 35 GHz Cloud Radar In continuous operation since August 2001 2 week interrupt due to hardware failure (August) some minor software interrupts up to November no calibration and X-pol. (mid January - mid March) power output decreased by 10% since August absolute values not reliable when water on shroud plan 2002: upgrade DSP-board, fast V-H switch
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 10
Acquisition cycle
0
5000
10000
20 s
BBC
16 s
PRESENT
acquisition
processing
uncoded
coded
coded X-pol
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 11
Sensitivity
2 modes:- 8-bit code (red)- uncoded (black)
ARM-SGP mode 2-54 dBZe @ 5 km
-42 dBZe @ 5 km
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 12
Examples from BBC-campaign
TARA
35 GHz
MIRACLE
MICCY
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 13
Ice Cloud
Reflectivity
Vertical Velocity
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 14
WaterCloud
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 15
35 GHz vs. TARA in rain
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Minutes after start time (00:48:04)
He
igh
t [m
]
KNMI, 19 Sep 2001
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Minutes after start time (00:48:04)
He
igh
t [m
]
TARA, 19 Sep 2001
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
Before rain event: good agreement
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Time [min]
He
igh
t [m
]
35GHz radar
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
Time [min]
He
igh
t [m
]
3.3GHz radar
30 60 90 120 150 180 210500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
During rain event: 20 – 30 dB difference20 50 80 110 140 170 200 230-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40Comparison between TARA and KNMI (Height: 2240m)
Minutes (start time: 05:09UTC)
Ref
lect
ivity
fact
or (
dBZ
)KNMITARA
Onset of precipitation at surface
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 16
ModelcomparisonBBC 18/9/01
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 17
Cloud Boundaries?
super cooled layer
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 18
Ceilometer
Courtesy of Hannelore Bloemink, KNMI
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 19
Spectra at 17:15
super cooled layer
noise
snr
signal
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27 may 2002 Cloudnet Workshop Paris 20
Outlook (to do) Optimize acquisition cycle Calibration procedure (is it accurate
enough?) Mode-intercomparison and merging Water on shroud: no easy solution(?) Analysis of (all that) data