ca3-norris-brief

8/7/2019 CA3-Norris-brief

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CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

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Maxs Seafood Caf by Lou-Ann, Inc., v. Quinteros#!!

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Montgomery Academy v. Kohn#!!

12!'(!3455(!2*!)$2!,6(7(8(!$+++/(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((91!

United States v. Aguilar#!!

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United States v. Alston#!!

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United States v. Bowen#!!

0$0!'(2*!$2&1!,)*!-".(!$+&+/ (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((9$!

!United States v. Bucuvalas#!!

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7/76

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United States v. Doe#!!

! $%&!'()*!$+,!-)*!."/(!%,,+0 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1)#!2)!

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United States v. Farrell#!!

1%2!'()*!$3$!-)*!."/(!1&&40 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((passim!!

United States v. Feola#!!

$%,!5(6(!241!-1&4+0((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((13!

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United States v. Floresca#!!

)3!'()*!4,2!-$78!."/(!1&&$0 ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((%$!

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United States v. Hernandez#!!

142!'()*!41&!-)*!."/(!1&&&0 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1)!

!United States v. Hoffecker#!!

+),!'()*!1)4!-)*!."/(!%,,30 ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((($%!

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United States v. Idowu#!!

1+4!'()*!%2+!-)*!."/(!1&&30 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((14!

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United States v. Klein#!!

+1+!'(%*!4+1!-)*!."/(!1&4+0 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((13!

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United States v. Korey#!!

$4%!'()*!3&!-)*!."/(!%,,40 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1)!

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United States v. Morales#!!

! 244!'(%*!1!-197!."/(!1&3%0((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((($&!

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United States v. Negro#!!

! 12$!'(%*!123!-%*!."/(!1&$40 ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((($&!

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United States v. Scanzello#!!

3)%!'(%*!13!-)*!."/(!1&340 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((14!

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United States v. Schramm#!!

4+!'()*!1+2!-)*!."/(!1&&20 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((passim

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!

Case: 10-4658 Document: 003110416268 Page: 7 Date Filed: 01/21/2011


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United States v. Schwarz$!!

%&'!()'*!+,!-%*!."/)!%00%1 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))%2!

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United States v. Small$!!

3+%!()%*!&4&!-'*!."/)!45+%1 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))4,$!3+!!

United States v. Silveus$!

23%!()'*!55'!-'*!."/)!%00&1 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))4'!

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United States v. Stuart$!!

3&5!6)7)!'2'!-45&51))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))%0!

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United States v. Terselich$!!

&&2!()%*!4053!-'*!."/)!45&51 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))4+!

!United States v. Vampire Nation$!!

324!()'*!4&5!-'*!."/)!%00,1 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))%+$!%&!

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United States v. Varoudakis$!!

%''!()'*!44'!-489!."/)!%0001)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))3&!

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United States v. Wexler$!!

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United States v. Zolin$!!354!6)7)!223!-45&51)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) '4!

STATUTES

42!6)7).)!:!4 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))'!

4&!6)7).)!:!'+4 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))'$!4+$!4&!

4&!6)7).)!:!4004 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))%3$!%2!!

4&!6)7).)!:!424%-;1-41)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))passim!

4&!6)7).)!:!424%-;1-%1-


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#$!%&'&(&!)!#*#*+,-+.-&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&/.!

#$!%&'&(&!)!#*#*+0- &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&1#!

OTHER AUTHORITIES

234,56!7&!8396:;?!Grand Jury Practice!)!#&@#!+A,4!B3C5>,9!D5


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JURISDICTIONAL STATEMENT

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STATEMENT OF ISSUES PRESENTED FOR APPEAL

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12/76

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STATEMENT OF RELATED CASES AND PROCEEDINGS

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! #$%! &'((')*+,! -('.%/! -0.%.! 01'.%! *+! -'++%-2*'+! )*2$! 2$%! 31*-%4&*5*+,!

*+6%.2*,02*'+!7+/%1(8*+,! 2$*.! -0.%9! !United States v. Robin D. Emerson:! ;94?@A4! BCDED!F0DGH!United States v. F. Scott Brown:! ;9G!

T'7+2!U+%! 0((%,%/! 0! 6*'(02*'+! '&! 2$%!A$%1P0+!J-2:! >Z! WDADTD! [! >! BNJ4>KI4I;G!

BR+/*-2D! \\>4>


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of the United States of America and othersR!K8ZZ1L!2]_`!0aR!.+!A3!![$))(&!'$&+/

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W(--&:E)J!b(%+G)$'3! ! 9>?@0aZ;! 9VU! 71;3! ! FG/! Case: 10-4658 Document: 003110416268 Page: 13 Date Filed: 01/21/2011


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Keany Decides To Produce The Summaries To The Division

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22/76

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STATEMENT OF THE STANDARDS OF REVIEW

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! $%&'!()*+,!-.-+/&'-'!01-23+4!+-5&-6!)5-+!3!/)*+,7'!89-2&31!):!3!;),&)2!:)+!

3/!30014&2?!,%-!'3;-!',3293+9!3'!,%-!

9&',+&/,!/)*+,@A!!United States v. Silveus>!BCD!E@#9!FF#>!"GG"!H#9!(&+@!DGGIJ@!!$%-!

!OOG!E@D9!#C#>!#CB!H#9!(&+@!"FIBJ@!

! P-:*'31! ,)! ?&5-! 3! 03+,&/*13+! N*+4! &2',+*/,&)2! &'! +-5&-6-9! :)+! 3=*'-! ):!

9&'/+-,&)2@!!Gov. of the Virgin Islands v. Isaac>!BG!E@#9!""OB>!""IG!H#9!(&+@!"FFBJ@!!

Q%-,%-+!32!&2',+*/,&)2!8/)++-/,14!',3,-9!,%-!300+)0+&3,-!1-?31!',3293+9>A!%)6-5-+>!

&'!?&5-2!01-23+4!+-5&-6@!!United States v. Hernandez>!"OL!E@#9!O"F>!ODI!H#9!(&+@!

"FFFJR!United States v. Korey>!COD!E@#9!IF>!F#!H#9!(&+@!DGGOJ@!!!

! $%&'!()*+,!8-.-+/&'-S'T! 9-! 2)5)!+-5&-6!)5-+! &''*-'! ):! 136!*29-+14&2?! ,%-!

3001&/3,&)2!):!,%-!3,,)+2-4U/1&-2,!0+&5&1-?-@A!United States v. Doe>!CDF!E@#9!CBG>!

CBD!H#9!(&+@!DGGBJ@!!V-!2)5)!+-5&-6!31')!3001&-'!,)!8,%-!1-?31!&''*-'!*29-+14&2?!,%-!

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23/76

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1'0/.%-'*&8!!Maxs Seafood Cafe v. Quinteros9!":;!9!;::!?=1!@'.8!">>>A8!!B+!

1%&'()!'0!*&!(&!'007%!*+!)(59!'-!'0!.%4'%5%1!de novoC!'+!6(0%1!7D*&!(!+(/-7()!+'&1'&29!

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SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT

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United States v. Schramm$!%#!&'()!"#*$!"#+!,()!-./'!"++*0$!12/!3!4.2536.21!27!689!

:636;62/6.21?27?@;:6.>9! A/24.:.21:! ;1)9/521:A./3>83/B9$!

Arthur Andersen LLP v. United States$!#CC!D'E'!*+*$!%F%!,GFF#0H!United States v.

Aguilar$!#"#!D'E'!#+($!#++!,"++#0'!

I89! 6/.35! J3:! 35:2! )942.)! 27! 94.)91>9! 6836! K2//.:! J3:! 3! A3/6

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53>M9)!315.19)!62!A/24.)9!31!

.1:6/;>6.21!73.687;5!62!68.:!-2;/6Q:!/;5.1B!.1! United States v. Farrell$!"G*!&'()!CUC!

,()! -./'! "++%0$! 6836! >2//;A6! A9/:;3:.21! )29:! 126! .1>5;)9! 689! 121?>29/>.49!

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ARGUMENT!

I. THE EVIDENCE WAS INSUFFICIENT TO SUSTAIN ACONSPIRACY TO VIOLATE 18 U.S.C. 1512(b)(1) OR

1512(b)(2)(B)

$%!&'()'*)%+!,-%(),.)-%/!0%1'&!"2!345464!7!8#"9!.:)/!6-0&.!:;/!&'!

*;&%'1!.:;.!?.:'!/0@@),)'%,>!-@!.:'!'()1'%,'!)%!;!,-%/!4B! ! United States v. Schramm9! #C! D481! "CE9! "CF! G81! 6)&4! "FFEH

G1)&',.)%+!;,A0)..;=!-%!,-%/!,-%(),.)-%HI!United States v. Coleman9!2""!D4J1!

2KL9! 2K#! G81! 6)&4! "F2#H! G;@@)&M)%+!+&;%.!-@! ;,A0)..;=! M-.)-%H4! ! N,,-&1)%+=>9! )%!

,-%/!


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(.*)*3/! 13,$.! -'$! 6*7-'!(3,! 8*9-'! :%$3,%$3-);! *3451,*3/! (! ,$9$3,(3-5$!@$0&(.,=A!!BC!8AD,!(-!"EFGEDA!

81.-'$.%0.$;! H30?5$,/$! 09! -'$! 403)&*.(4=$!I45$(.;!30-!$21*K04(5!A!A!A!>$4(1)$!4'(./$)!09!403)&*.(4=!(.$!30-!-0!>$!%(,$!

01-!>=!&*5*3/!*39$.$34$!1&03!*39$.$34$AJ!!United States v. Klein;!C"C!8AF,!BC";!BCD!

LD,! M*.A! "NBCO! L.$K$.)*3/! 403)&*.(4=! 403K*4-*03O! L210-*3/! Direct Sales Co. v.

United States;! D"N! PA6A! BQD;! B""! L"NRDOOA! ! S9-$3;! ?'$3! (! ,$9$3,(3-! '()! >$$3!

(421*--$,!09!-'$!)1>)-(3-*K$!099$3)$);!-'$!*3-$3-!)1&&0.-*3/!-'$!403)&*.(4=!4013-!*)!

5(4H*3/A!!See!United States v. Alston;!BB!8AD,!B"D;!B"#!LD,!M*.A!"NNEO!L.$K$.)*3/!

6$4-*03! DB"! 403K*4-*03O! L210-*3/! United States v. Feola;! RFQ! PA6A! EB";! E#E!

L"NBCOOA!

T'$! U3,*4-%$3-! 4'(./$,! V0..*)! ?*-'! 403)&*.(4=! -0! 40%%*-! 03$! 09! -?0!

099$3)$)!(/(*3)-!-'$!P3*-$,!6-(-$)A!!6&$4*9*4(55=;!U3,*4-%$3-!W(.(/.(&'!"D!4'(./$,!

-'(-;! >$-?$$3! :&.*5! "NNN! (3,! :1/1)-! FQQ";! V0..*)! (3,! 0-'$.)! H30?*3/5=! (3,!

?*559155=!403)&*.$,X!!

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testimony in an official proceeding[!(3,!L>O!-0!40..1&-5=!&$.)1(,$!(3,!

(--$%&-!-0!40..1&-5=!&$.)1(,$!0-'$.!&$.)03)!H30?3!-0!-'$!Y.(3,!Z1.=!



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$%&'! %(&)(&! &*!+,-.)!*/! %(0-+)! &'*.)!*&')/!1)/.*(.! &*!,2&)/3! 0).&/*43!

5-&%2,&)!*/!+*(+),2!/)+*/0.!,(0!0*+-5)(&.! with the intent to impair

their availability for use in an official proceeding6! &',&! %.3! ,! 7)0)/,2!

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HLM>"BN>BOI! H)51',.%.! ,00)0IK! ! A'-.3! &')! P(0%+&5)(&! /)Q-%/)0! 1/**7! &',&! &')!

+*(.1%/,&*/.!,8/))0!&*!+*//-1&24!1)/.-,0)!*&')/!1)/.*(.!$%&'!%(&)(&!&*!H,I! influence

their testimony! @)7*/)! &')!8/,(0! 9-/43!*/! H@I conceal or destroy documents! $%&'!

%(&)(&! &*! R))1! &'*.)! 0*+-5)(&.! 7/*5! &')! CKDK! 8/,(0! 9-/4K! ! HLM>"BN>BOIK!!

P51*/&,(&243!&')!+',/8)!was not!,(!,8/))5)(&!&*!1)/.-,0)!*&')/.!$%&'!%(&)(&!&*!H,I!

%(72-)(+)!&')%/!%(&)/=%)$.!$%&'!S*/8,(!2,$4)/.!*/!&')!;%=%.%*(3!*/!H@I!+*(+),2!*/!

0).&/*4!0*+-5)(&.!$%&'!%(&)(&!&*!R))1!&'*.)!0*+-5)(&.!7/*5!:-/*1),(!,-&'*/%&%).K!

A. NO RATIONAL JURY COULD FIND AN AGREEMENT TOCORRUPTLY PERSUADE OTHERS TO INFLUENCE THEIR

GRAND JURY TESTIMONY

1. No Rational Jury Could Find Evidence That The AllegedCo-Conspirators Even Knew That There Was Such A

Thing As Grand Jury Testimony

! T*&! ,! .%(82)! &/%,2! $%&()..! &).&%7%)0! &',&! &')4! */! ,(4*()! )2.)! ,8/))0! &*!

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*=)/.),.-&&)/)0!)=)(!&')!(*&%*(!&',&!,(4!*()!*7!&')5!R()$!*7!&')!1*..%@%2%&4!&',&!

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v. Stuart*! [\Z! ;

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D5'%:!E65F


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&'0&! 0.5-,,*@1(=!!See United States v. DavisN!#HK!X=K4!"K#N!"YY!DK4!B*2=!#VVVI=!!



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2. The Evidence, At Most, Established An Agreement ToMislead Lawyers Or Investigators And That Does Not

Constitute An Agreement Targeting Grand Jury Testimony

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3. The Supreme Court Has Held That Evidence Of Lies ToInvestigators Does Not Establish Sufficient Evidence Of

Intent To Influence Grand Jury Testimony

(a) Aguilar Is Analytically Indistinguishable From ThisCase! United States v. Aguilar$! %&%! '()(! %*+! ,&**%-$! ./! 0./12/.3.45$! 6/! .3!

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2. No Rational Jury Could Find The Charged ConspiracyWhere The Evidence Established That Norris Instructed

That Responsive Documents Be Preserved And Produced

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4. No Rational Jury Could Find The Charged AgreementWhere Kroef Could Not Date The File Check Discussion

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5. No Rational Jury Could Find That The Alleged Co-Conspirators Had Knowledge That European Documents

Might Be Material To The U.S. Grand Jury

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II. FUNDAMENTAL ERRORS IN THE JURY CHARGE WARRANT ANEW TRIAL

A. The District Court Erred By Failing To Correctly Instruct TheJury On The Meaning Of Corruptly Persuades

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