c18 vs 3408 caterpillar engines

م.م.شـركة الجـرارات والمعـدات االردنيـة ذJORDAN TRACKTOR & EQUIPMENTS CO. LTD

Ahmad Nazih Mohammed

Comparison in the Fuel System between Engines

3408C and C18 ACERT™

Contents

•About Engines•Engine Numbering System

- Cat® 3408C Engine- Cat® C18 Engine

•Fuel System- Cat® 3408C Engine- Cat® C18 Engine

Cat® 3408C Engine

Cat® C18 Engine

447-522 bkW/600-700 bhp @ 1800-1900 rpm

General Comparison

CAT’s Machines that use engines

WLHEXOHTTTTEngine

769/ 771D9R3408

988H385C771D9TC18

Build Location

Griffen, Georgia3408

Mossvilla, Illinois C18

Contents

•About Engines- Cat® 3408C Engine- Cat® C18 Engine

•Engine Numbering System- Cat® 3408C Engine- Cat® C18 Engine


-The last two digits (3408) indicates number of cylinders which equal 8 cylinders, could be 04, 06, 08, 12, 16, 18 or 24

• 3408C Engine

Engine Numbering System

-The second digit (3408) indicates the cylinder size family (Bore):

3406CBore……….. 5.4 in. (137 mm)Stroke …..… 6.5 in. (165 mm)Displacement…. (14.6 L)

3408CBore……….. 5.4 in. (137 mm)Stroke …….… 6.0 in. (152 mm)Displacement…. (18.0 L)

3412CBore……………….. 5.4 in. (137 mm)Stroke …………..… 6.0 in. (152 mm)Displacement…. (27.0 L)

-The first digit (3408) indicates a generation family of the engine

-The letter (C ) indicates that family began the emissions systems

Same bore length with different length of stroke or number of cylinders or both.

Displacement (liter)Stroke (mm)Bore (mm)Model

14.6165.0137.23406

18.0152.0137.23408

27.0152.0137.23412

34.5190.0190.03508

51.8190.0190.03512

110.0300.0280.03606

147.8300.0280.03608

221.7300.0280.03612

Engine size is expressed in liters or cubic inches

Displacement = X Stroke X No. of Cylinders. (3.14 X (Bore)2 )

4

Displacement = (3.14 X (137.2)2 )

4

X 165.0 X 8 = 18 liters


Contents





C18 Engine

“C” Capital indicates brand that use Advanced Combustion Emission Reduction Technology ACERT ™.

Number (18) indicates the amount of displacement (Swept Volume) which equal:

Displacement = X Stroke X No. of Cylinders. (3.14 X (Bore)2 )

4

Displacement = (3.14 X (145)2 )

4

X 183.0 X 6 = 18 liters

Meeting emissions is one thing, doing it without compromising engine performance and reliability is quite another. ACERT Technology is the one solution that has allowed Caterpillar to meet both of these challenges.

The core concept behind ACERT Technology is advanced combustion.ACERT carefully controls the combustion process to reduce pollutant levels while maintaining performance and efficiency.

Contents




3408C Engine Fuel System

Fuel System Schematic

(1) Fuel tank.(2) Tank Shutoff valve. (3) Fuel Injection nozzle. (4) Fuel Manifolds.(5) Injection pump housing.

-which has one fuel injection pump and one fuel injection valve for each cylinder-

(6) Bleed orifice. (7) Inlet line from secondary filter. (8) Inlet line from primary filter.(9) Check valve.(10) Transfer Pump.

–driven by a shaft connected to the fuel injectionpump cam shaft-

(11) Secondary fuel filter.(12) Primary fuel filter. (13) Priming Pump.

-located in a compartment at the front of the fuel tank-

(14) Transfer pump relief valve.

Engine Build Locations


Fuel Injection Pump

(1) Fuel Manifolds(2) Inlet passage(3) Check valve(4) Pressure relief valve (5) pump plunger(6) Spring(7) Gear(8) Fuel rack (left)(9) Lifter(10) Link(11) Lever(12) Camshaft

The rotation of the lobes on camshaft causes lifters and pump plungers to move up and down, When the pump plunger is down, fuel goes to fill the chamber through passage.When the pump plunger is up, it closes the inlet passage.


Fuel Injection Nozzle

The fuel injector nozzle is installed in an adapter in the cylinder head.The fuel injection pump sends fuel with high pressure to the fuel nozzle where the fuel is made into a fine spray for good combustion.

Hydra-Mechanical Governor

The throttle lever, or governor control that controls the amount of fuel needed to keep the desired engine rpm at the throttle lever setting.

The governor has a governor weights driven by the engine through the drive assembly.

The pressure oil for the governor comes from the governor oil pump, on the top of the injection pump housing, and the oil used is from the engine lubrication system.

The centrifugal force of governor weights always pulls to get a reduction of fuel to the engine. When these two forces are in balance, the engine runs at a desired rpm (governed rpm).

When Engine load increases, the engine rpm decreases and the rotation of governor weights will get slower, this allows certain mechanism in governor to give more fuel to the engine.

Contents




C12 Engine Fuel System

(1) Fuel supply line.(2) Units injectors-uses mechanical energy by camshaft (30000 psi)-

(3) Fuel manifolds(4) Differential pressure switch. (5) Fuel pressure sensor. (6) Fuel temperature sensor.(7) Fuel return line.(8) Pressure regulating valve.(9) Secondary fuel filter(10) Fuel filter base-used to remove abrasive material and contamination from fuel system-

(11) Fuel transfer pump(12) Electrical fuel primary pump-is used to evacuate the air from fuel system-

(13) Pressure relief valve (14) Primary fuel filter(15) Fuel tank(16) Fuel return line

Fuel System Schematic

Electronics Control Module (ECM) is the computer that is used to provide control for all aspects of engine operation;-maintains the desired engine speed by sensing the actual speed.-calculates the amount of fuel that needs to injected.All of these aspects to provide optimum performance of the engine

Mechanical actuated Electronic controlled Units Injectors (MEUI)

C12 Engine Fuel System

(1) Unit injector(2) Adjusting nut(3) Rocker arm assembly(4) Camshaft (5) Solenoid (6) Nozzle assembly

Formerly known as Electronic Unit Injectors (EUI), also use the engine camshaft and rockers to generate fuel injection pressure, but use an Electronic Control Module (ECM) to control the amount of fuel injectedinto the cylinders.

A solenoid on each injector receives voltage signals from the ECM to become energized.

The injectors will inject fuel only while the injector solenoid is energized.

Abstract

C183408C

ACERT™ U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final, EU Stage IV

Non-CertifiedAvailable for global non-

regulated areasEmission

Electronic control systemHydra-mechanical governorControl system

-MEUI Injection -Primary Fuel filter

-Secondary Fuel filters -Fuel transfer Pump

-Electronic fuel priming pump

-Primary Fuel filter -Secondary Fuel filters

-Fuel transfer pump-Manual fuel priming pump

Fuel system

Electrical unit injector (EUI)Fuel injection nozzleInjection unit

c18 vs 3408 caterpillar engines

Engineering