Partnership-based Extension Models Lessons for Outscaling

H.S. Gupta

Indian Agricultural Research Institute

New Delhi-110012, India

E-mail : director@iari.res.in

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Introduction• ~82% farmers in India are small and marginal with

poor resource-base• Insecure livelihood

Challenges• Enhancement of farm productivity and income• Increase in SRR and technology adoption • Access to quality seeds of improved varieties• Linkage with market

Public-Civil Partnership for Sufficiency in Seed

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Quality seed and its availability – key to success

Source:: Evenson & Gollin (2003) CABI

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Growth in Area under Improved Varieties of Cereals in 1980 and 2000

Partnership-based Seed Production System

• Model 1: Production through progressive farmers for meeting local demands through sale/exchange

• Model 2: Production through progressive farmers with buy-back arrangement by an institution

• Model 3: Seed production & marketing through farmers’ association

• Model 4: Promotion of Institution-led farmers’ seed company for seed production and marketing

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

• Training of innovative farmers, formal MoUs for quality control and buy – back arrangement

• Seeds of improved varieties produced through farmer participatory approach

• Village level farmer - to - farmer seed exchange/selling to fellow and distant farmers directly

• Impact: Emergence of a group of entrepreneurs & formation of producer company

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Operationalization of Model 1& 2

Model 3 : Seed production & distribution by Farmers’ Association - a success story

• YFA started systematic operation in 2009 in Punjab, India • Decentralized seed production of rice & wheat• Produced during 2010-11

• 80 t of rice (PB1121) from 20 ha • 45 t of wheat (HD 2967) from 11 ha

Monetary gain: Rice - 60,000 US$ | Due to seed

Wheat – 16,000 US$ | production

Area to be covered - during next crop season Rice ~4,000 ha

Wheat ~450 ha

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Model 4 : Institution-led Farmers’ Seed Company for Seed Production and Marketing

Promotion of Producer Company of farmers for effective market linkage

• Akriti - A seed producer company (1994) with public funding and technical support from ICRISAT – deals with pea nut, gram, red gram & rice, annual turn over 0.2 million US $

• Beej India - IARI-led producer Company, estd. in 2011, traded 260 t of seeds in 1st yr of its establishment

• Action for Social Advancement (ASA) - mobilized 50,000 farmers to federate in >20 producer co. Annual production 10,000t seeds with turn over of 6 million US $

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Public – Civil Partnership: for Inclusive Growth IARI- VO Partnership

I.A.R.I

VO8PRDF,

Gorakhpur

VO9YFAP,

Rakhra

VO1MVS,

Bilaspur

VO2AKKA,

J&KVO3

VARDAN, Chhapra

VO4Jiwania, Lucknow

VO5NEFORD, Lucknow

VO6GSVS,

Mathura

VO7DRI,

Chitrakoot

VO1

Contact Farmer2

Contact Farmer3

Contact Farmer4

Contact Farmer6

Contact Farmer7

Contact Farmer1

Contact Farmer1

Farmer2

Farmer3

Farmer4

Farmer6

Farmer7

Farmer1

IARI

VO

CF FarmerVO

VO

Technology& Capacity Bldg

Feedback

Spiraling impact : more coverage

32 VOs in 17 states, networking 20,000 farmers

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

• Partnership with 35 seed companies led to production of 1,600 t of seed of wheat cv. HD 2967- in great demand

• IARI-TCS partnership for mobile-based agro-advisory services

• IARI-ITC partnership upscaled 75 farmers’ demonstrations with 30 q of seeds to retaining 75 t of seeds, which is likely to benefit another 2,000 farmers

Public – Private Partnership for TOTIARI-Seed Companies/TCS/ITC

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Socio-Economic and Technological Impact

• Development of sustainable and decentralized hubs of knowledge, technology and seed production (often larger mass of farmers remain unattended technology divide)

• Enhancement of crop productivity (50 to 100%)• Wider dissemination of improved technology• Promotion of Community-based solutions and networking

for social learning• Augmentation of entrepreneurship in rural areas• Enhancement of partners’ credibility • Enhanced degree of grassroots empowerment and

inclusive growth of small and marginal farmers

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Lessons for Outscaling

• Pre-requisite for partnership-based extension models: • capacity building

• technological backstopping

• Joint programming with shared responsibility & mutual trust

• Mechanism for effective and regular monitoring

• Joint accountability with social audit to avoid breach of trust

• Incentives for partnership-based initiatives

PPCP-based approaches lead to inclusive growth

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Participatory Seed Production - a Major Contributor to Success of Basmati 1121

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute

Thank You

Ind

ian A

gri

cult

ura

l R

ese

arc

h In

stit

ute