c l a s s i f c a t i o n s a n d a d a p t a t i o n s
DESCRIPTION
C l a s s i f c a t i o n s a n d A d a p t a t i o n s. L e s s o n 1 : C r e e p y C r i t t e r s. Activity. Line up according to birthday No talking or writing allowed!. Classification. What are examples of items that are classified? Why are things classified? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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•Line up according to birthday•No talking or writing allowed!
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• What are examples of items that are classified?
• Why are things classified?
• Is there more than one way to classify a set of items?
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• If someone from China sends you a letter, how does the postal system know where you are?
• How are supermarkets organized? If you go to a new supermarket, how would you know where to find a specific brand of cheese?
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Imagine that in the year 2525, a solar system in a new galaxy is discovered. Many similarities between our solar system and this new one are found, including a planet that resembles Earth. A space probe lands on this planet and sends a variety of different living organisms back to Earth through a molecular transport beam. The macroscopic and microscopic structures of each creature are described. The scientists studying these organisms realize they need to develop a classification scheme to help them compare the life forms to organisms on Earth.
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Your role is to… • Study your Creepy Critters illustration cards and
observe similarities and differences
• Brainstorm a list of ways you could categorize/classify the organisms.
• Sort your cards according to one system of organization using a graphic organizer. You must be able to defend your method.
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4 new organisms were just discovered.• Select 1 of the new organisms to
place in your system of organization.
• Where will it go? Why?
• Will you have to create a new group or can you find another way to fit it into an existing group?
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What did we learn today?• How are organisms are classified?• What factors are most important in classification?• What benefits come from classifying organisms?• What are the major factors that differentiate one
species from another?• How would you further classify yourself as an
individual, and what traits would be important in that classification?
• Where would you begin if you had to classify an unknown plant?
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EXPLANATION
Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic
Animal Name Animal Name Animal Name
Characteristic Characteristic Characteristic
Animal Name Animal Name Animal Name
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• Read pages 141, 146-156 in the Sciencesaurus book.• Complete the activity sheet to use with reading
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1. vertebrates and invertebrates2. backbone or no backbone3. soft bodies, hard shells, exoskeletons4.
5. mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish
Classification(group)
Live on Land Live in Water
exoskeletons spiders, ticks, scorpions, insects
lobsters, crabs, shrimp, crayfish
hard shells snails clams, oysters, scallops, mussels, snails
soft bodies earthworms, slugs jellyfish, octopi
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Classification: Mammals
Body Covering hair or fur
Reproduction develop inside the mother’s body and are born live; females produce milk
Breathing breath air with lungs
Movement four limbs (arms or legs)
Classification: Birds
Body Covering feathers
Reproduction lay eggs with a hard shell
Breathing breath with lungs
Movement feet are adapted for different kinds of movement
Examples: shrew, whale, polar bears, human, dolphin, elephant
Examples: hummingbirds, chickadees, penguins
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Classification: Reptiles
Body Covering dry, leathery skin or scales; some have a hard shell
Reproduction most lay eggs with a soft, leathery shell;some give birth to live young
Breathing breath with lungs
Movement legs to walk or swim; some have flippers; snakes do not have legs
Examples: snakes, lizards, turtles
Classification: Amphibians
Body Covering thin skin
Reproduction most lay jellylike eggs; a few give birth to live young
Breathing young that live in water have gills; adults who live on land have lungs; some adult salamanders don’t have lungs
Movement frogs and toads use hind legs to hop on land; salamanders run on four legs; tadpoles swim
Examples: frogs, toads, salamanders
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Classification: Fish
Body Covering most have slippery scales; sharks have rough skin
Reproduction some lay eggs; others give birth to live young
Breathing breathe with gills
Movement swim by moving their tail fins
Examples: lungfish, salmon, trout
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• In a group, sort the Animal Classification cards using characteristics discussed in lessons 1 and 2 (examples: vertebrates/invertebrates, body coverings, diet, etc…)
• Using a graphic organizer, show how you sorted the cards.
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• What characteristics did you use to sort
your animals?• Why did you choose those characteristics to sort your animals?
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• In a group, come up with a different set of characteristics to sort the animals using the same set of cards.
• Using a graphic organizer, show how you sorted the cards.
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• What new characteristics did you use to sort your animals?
• Why is it important to sort animals into groups?
• Why do scientists sort animals into groups?
• What are some other things that scientists might classify into groups?
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• What is classification?
• Why is it important to sort animals into groups?
• Why do scientists sort animals into groups?
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• As we view this powerpoint presentation, pay close attention to the various adaptations of the animals presented.
• Look at how these adaptations affect what type of environment these animals live.
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Adaptations of Birds
A structure or behavior that helps an organism
survive in its surroundings.
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BEAKSPouch-likeLong, thinPointedCurvedShort, stoutSlender, long
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Pelican
Pouch-like Can hold the fish it
eats
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Avocet
Long, thin beak Can probe shallow
water and mud for the insects it eats
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Woodpecker
Pointed Beak Can break and
probe bark of trees for the insects it eats
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Hawk
Curved beak Can tear solid
tissue for the meat it eats
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Finch
Short, stout beak Can crack the
seeds and nuts it eats
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Hummingbird
Slender, long beak Can probe the
flowers for nectar it eats
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FEETWebbedLong ToesClawedGrasping
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Duck
Webbed feet Aids in walking on
mud and swimming
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Crane
Long toes Aids in walking on
mud
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Heron
Long toes Aids in walking on
mud
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Hawk and eagle
Clawed Can grasp food
when hunting prey
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Chicken
Grasping feet Aids in sitting on
branches, roosting, protection
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LEGSFlexor tendonsLong, powerfulLong, slenderPowerful muscles
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Ostrich
Long, powerful legs Aids running
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Heron and Crane
Long, slender legs Aids walking
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Eagle and Hawk
Powerful muscles Aids in lifting,
carrying prey
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WINGSLarge span
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Eagle
Large wings Aids in flying with
prey, soaring while hunting
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COLORATIONBright plumageDull plumageChange of plumage for seasons
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Owl
Change of plumage with seasons
Provides camouflage protection ( brown in summer, white in winter)
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Ptarmigan
Provides camouflage protection
Change of plumage with seasons
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Male birds vs. female birds
Male birds – bright plumage aids in attraction in courtship, mating rituals
Female birds – Dull plumage aids in camouflage while nesting
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Male or female?
Female
Male
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Male or Female?
Male
Female
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Fashion A FishAquatic animals are the
result of countless adaptations over time.
Adaptations are features that increase the animals
likelihood of survival.
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Adaptations
Mouth
Body Shape
Coloration
Reproduction
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Mouth Adaptation
Sucker-shaped mouthElongated upper jawElongated lower jawDuckbill jawsExtremely large jaws
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Sucker-Shaped mouth
Feeds on very small plants and animals
CarpSucker
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Elongated Upper Jaw
Feeds on prey it looks down on
Spoonbill
Sturgeon
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Elongated Lower Jaw
Feeds on prey it sees above
Snook
Barracuda
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Duckbill Jaws
Grasps prey
Muskellunge
Pike
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Extremely Large Jaws
Surrounds prey
Grouper
Bass
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Body Shape
Torpedo ShapeFlat BelliedVertical DiskHorizontal DiskHump backed
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Torpedo Shape
Fast moving
Trout
Salmon
Tuna
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Flat Bellied Bottom Feeder
Catfish
Sucker Fish
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Vertical Disk
Feeds above or below
BluegillButterfish
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Horizontal Disk
Bottom Dweller
FlounderHalibut
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Hump backed
Stable in fast-moving water
Sockeye Salmon
Chub
Razorback
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Coloration
Light-colored BellyDark Upper SideVertical StripesHorizontal StripesMottled Color
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Light-colored Belly
Predators have difficulty seeing it from below
Mackerel
PerchMinnows
Tuna
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Dark Upper Side
Predators have difficulty seeing it from above
Flounder
Bluegill
Crappie
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Vertical Stripes
Can hide in vegetation
Muskellunge
Bluegill
Pickerel
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Horizontal Stripes
Can hide in vegetation
Striped Bass
Snook
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Mottled Coloration
Can hide in rocks and on bottom
Grouper
Rockbass Hogsucker
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Reproduction
Eggs deposited in bottomEggs deposited in nestsFloating eggsEggs attached to vegetationLive bearers
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Eggs deposited in bottom
Hidden from predator
Minnows
Trout
Salmon
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Eggs deposited in nests
Protected by adults
Stickleback
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Floating Eggs
Dispersed in high numbers
Striped Bass
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Eggs attached to vegetation
Stable until hatching
Pike
Perch
Carp
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Live bearers
High survival rate
Guppies
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• Create your own original bird/fish.• Use the adaptations of:
• Birds: beak, feet, legs, wings, and coloration to create an original bird.
• Fish: mouth, body shape, coloration, and reproduction.
• Write a short essay that includes the name of your original bird, its food sources, habitat and lifestyle.
• Must be neat and use color.
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Lesson 4-Fashion A Fish Scoring Guide
Student:
ILLUSTRATION1 point for each requirement
____Name of fish____Drawing of fish
____Drawing of the habitat____Color
____NeatnessESSAY
1 point for each requirement____Habitat____Mouth
____Body shape____Coloration
____Reproduction
____/10 TOTAL
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Lesson 4-Adaptation Artistry Scoring Guide
Student:
ILLUSTRATION1 point for each requirement
____Name of bird____Drawing of bird
____Drawing of the habitat____Color
ESSAY1 point for each requirement
____Habitat____Beak____Feet____Legs
____Wings____Coloration
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• Read pages 142, 107, 86-87, 96-97 in the Sciencesaurus book.
• Complete the activity sheet to after reading
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• With a partner, sort one set of plant cards• Sort your cards according to one system of
organization using a graphic organizer.
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• Sciencesaurus•Read pages 350-353 in your Sciencesaurus book.
•Complete with activity sheet
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• Project: students find information about endangered/threatened/extinct species
• Students use graphic organizer on page 38 to list
• List of endangered/threatened specieshttp://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/StateListing.do?state=all
or http://www.fws.gov/midwest/endangered/lists/minnesot-spp.html