c-7 early human migrations geography of the americas 1
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
C-7C-7
![Page 2: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Early Human Early Human MigrationsMigrations
![Page 3: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Geography of the Americas1
![Page 4: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Origins of the Origins of the Peoples of the Peoples of the Americas?Americas?
Origins of the Origins of the Peoples of the Peoples of the Americas?Americas?
Sculpture from the Sculpture from the AmericasAmericas
![Page 5: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section
Were the earliest American civilization
Had powerful priests and aristocrats at the top of society
Built ceremonial centers
Spread influence through trade
Developed calendar
Introduced tradition of priestly leadership and religious devotion
Developed complex irrigation methods for farming
Built towering pyramid temples in Tikal
Traded extensively across Middle America
Developed hieroglyphic writing system
Developed accurate calendar and numbering system
Abandoned cities around A.D. 900
The Olmecs and the MayasThe Olmecs and the Mayas
OLMECS MAYAS
1
![Page 6: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Major Pre-Columbian Major Pre-Columbian CivilizationsCivilizations
![Page 7: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lands of the Lands of the MayansMayans
The The Yucatan Yucatan
PeninsulaPeninsula
The The Yucatan Yucatan
PeninsulaPeninsula
![Page 9: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chichen-Itza - Chichen-Itza - PyramidPyramid
![Page 10: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chichen-Itza - Chichen-Itza - ObservatoryObservatory
![Page 11: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chichen-Itza - Ball Chichen-Itza - Ball CourtCourt
![Page 12: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mayan Mayan Cultivation Cultivation of of
MaizeMaize
Chac, God of Rain Chac, God of Rain
Chac, God of Rain Chac, God of Rain
![Page 13: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Mayan Underground Mayan Underground Granaries: Granaries: ChultunesChultunes
![Page 14: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Overview of Tikal Overview of Tikal (Guatemala)(Guatemala)Temple of the Temple of the
MasksMasksTemple of the Temple of the
MasksMasks
![Page 15: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tikal Jungle View at Tikal Jungle View at SunsetSunset
![Page 16: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Tikal - Main CourtTikal - Main Court
![Page 17: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tikal:Tikal:
Temple Temple of the of the MasksMasks
![Page 18: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Tikal - Wall Mask of Tikal - Wall Mask of the Rain Godthe Rain God
![Page 19: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Mayan Mayan GlyphsGlyphs
Mayan Mayan MathematicsMathematics
sky king house child citysky king house child city sky king house child citysky king house child city
![Page 20: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Mayan Mayan GlyphsGlyphs
![Page 21: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Mayan Drinking Mayan Drinking Cup for ChocolateCup for Chocolate
![Page 22: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PakalPakal: The Maya : The Maya AstronautAstronaut
![Page 23: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Quetzalcoatl:The God of Wisdom The God of Wisdom
& Learning& Learning
![Page 24: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Lands of the Lands of the AztecsAztecs
![Page 26: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section
Arrival of the AztecsArrival of the Aztecs
• Teotihuacan-dominated Valley from 100AD-750AD• In the late 1200s, nomadic ancestors of the Aztecs
migrated into the Valley of Mexico.
• The Aztecs built the city of Tenochtitlán.
• In the 1400s, the Aztecs greatly expanded their territory through conquests and alliances.
1
By 1500, the Aztec empire spread from the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific Ocean and numbered 30 million people.
![Page 27: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Aztec View of Aztec View of TenochtitlanTenochtitlan
![Page 28: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Ruins of the City Ruins of the City Center, TenochtitlanCenter, Tenochtitlan
![Page 29: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The The Codex Codex
MendMendozaoza : :The The
FoundFoundingingofof
TenocTenochtitlahtitla
nn
![Page 30: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tenochtitlan: The Tenochtitlan: The “Venice” of the “Venice” of the
AmericasAmericas
![Page 31: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Aztec Aztec ChinampaChinampa or or Floating Garden:Floating Garden:
15ft. to 30ft. wide15ft. to 30ft. wide
![Page 32: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Tenochtitlan - Tenochtitlan - ChinampasChinampas
![Page 33: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Aztec MathAztec Math
Aztec WritingAztec Writing
![Page 34: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Aztec Sun Stone -- Aztec Sun Stone -- CalendarCalendar
![Page 35: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Aztec Sun MotifsAztec Sun Motifs
![Page 36: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Aztec Aztec CodexCodex (15c Manuscript)(15c Manuscript)
![Page 37: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The The Aztecs Aztecs WereWereFierce Fierce WarriorsWarriors
![Page 38: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Aztecs Sacrifice Aztecs Sacrifice Neighboring Tribes Neighboring Tribes to the Sun Godto the Sun God
![Page 39: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Heart SacrificeHeart Sacrificeon an Aztec Temple on an Aztec Temple
PyramidPyramid
![Page 40: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Wall of Skulls, Wall of Skulls, TenochtitlanTenochtitlan
![Page 41: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Sacrificial Statue, Sacrificial Statue, TenochtitlanTenochtitlan
![Page 42: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Aztec GoldAztec Gold
![Page 43: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section
Aztec SocietyAztec Society
Priests recorded Aztec knowledge and ran schools for sons of nobles.
Some priests were astronomers or mathematicians.
Priests were a special class.
The sun god was the chief Aztec god.
Aztecs practiced human sacrifice on a massive scale.
The empire had a single ruler.
Slaves could own and buy freedom.
Long-distance traders traveled around the empire and beyond.
LEARNINGRELIGIONGOVERNMENT & SOCIETY
1
![Page 44: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Lands of the Lands of the IncasIncas
![Page 46: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section
The Incan Empire-Cuzco, capitalThe Incan Empire-Cuzco, capital
• They ran an efficient government with a chain of command reaching to every village.
• They imposed their own language and religion on the people.
• They created one of the great road systems in history, allowing armies and news to travel rapidly around the empire.
• They posted runners throughout the empire to carry news of revolts and soldiers to quickly crush them.
• They prohibited ordinary people from using the roads at all.
The Incas built a complex civilization that relied on order and absolute authority.
2
![Page 47: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Cuzco: ACuzco: Ancient Capital ncient Capital of the Incaof the Inca
(11,000 ft. above sea level)(11,000 ft. above sea level)
![Page 48: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Machu PicchuMachu Picchu
![Page 49: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Machu PicchuMachu Picchu
![Page 50: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Incan Suspension Bridges
Incan Suspension Bridges
![Page 51: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Incan Terrace Incan Terrace FarmingFarming
![Page 52: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Incan Digging Incan Digging SticksSticks
![Page 53: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Maize in Incan Maize in Incan PotteryPottery
& Gold Work& Gold Work
![Page 54: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Over 100 Different Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Types of Potatoes
Cultivated Cultivated by the Incansby the Incans
![Page 55: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Produce from a Produce from a Typical Incan Typical Incan Market Market
![Page 56: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Incan Ceramic JarsIncan Ceramic Jars
PeanutPeanutPeanutPeanut PotatoPotatoPotatoPotato SquashSquashSquashSquash
Cacao Cacao GodGod
Cacao Cacao GodGod
Cacao PodCacao PodCacao PodCacao Pod
![Page 57: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
The The QuipuQuipu: : An Incan An Incan DatabaseDatabase
![Page 58: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Incan MummiesIncan Mummies
![Page 59: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Inca Gold & SilverInca Gold & Silver
![Page 60: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section
Cahokia- Ceremonial center of the Mississippian cultureCahokia- Ceremonial center of the Mississippian culture
3
![Page 61: C-7 Early Human Migrations Geography of the Americas 1](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042718/56649e585503460f94b52211/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Chapter 7, Section 3
Arctic/SubarcticBeavers, Crees, Inuits, Kutchins Lived as nomadic hunters and food gatherers in cold climate; honored ocean, weather, and animal spirits
California/Great Basin/PlateauNez Percés, Pomos, Shoshones Lived as hunters and gatherers in small family groups; ate mainly fish, berries, acorns
SouthwestApaches, Hohokams, Hopis, Navajos, Pueblos Lived in villages in homes made of adobe; built irrigation systems to grow corn and other crops; honored earth, sky, and water spirits
SoutheastCherokees, Natchez Grew corn, squash, beans, and other crops; held yearly Green Corn Ceremony to mark end of year and celebrate harvest
Northwest CoastBella Coolas, Coos, Kwakiutls, Tlingits Lived in villages; benefited from rich natural resources in forests, rivers, and ocean; held potlatches, or ceremonial dinners, where host families gave gifts to guests to show wealth and gain status
Great PlainsApaches, Arapahos, Blackfeet, Cheyennes, Comanches, Crows, Lakotas, Mandans, OsagesLived in tepees; animals hunted by men; crops grown by women; relied on buffalo to meet basic needs of food, shelter, and clothing
Eastern WoodlandsAlgonquins, Chippewas, Hurons, Iroquois, Leni-Lenapes, Miamis, Pequots, Shawnees Lived in farming villages, but also hunted for food; long houses shared by several families; women held social and political power
North American Culture Areas About 1450North American Culture Areas About 1450