by the end of this lesson you will be able to analyze diffusion patterns to understand, manage, and...

DIFFUSION

Lesson Outcomes• By the end of this lesson you will be able to• Analyze diffusion patterns to understand, manage, and predict

movement. • Acquire an understanding of the Nature of geographic diffusion:

the different types of diffusion, the nature and behavior of diffusion waves and the factors that affect the speed and potential direction of diffusion patterns• Recognize geographic diffusion patterns and how they affect the

changing character of places over time.

Copy the information on this slide into your notebook.

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Walmart• Do you go to Walmart often?• Have you noticed there is a Walmart just about

everywhere? • You often see a lot of “interesting” people at Walmart

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The Spread of Walmart

Move you cursor over the picture. Hit the play button to start the animation.

Watch the following animation then go to the next slide.

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Opener• In your notebooks-•What are two things you noticed about the spread of

Walmart here in the United States? Answer the following questions on your task sheet.

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Diffusion• Definition- The spread of ideas, disease, technology, people,

or things from one place to another• There are three types of diffusion• Expansion Diffusion- spread outwards from a central

location • Relocation Diffusion-spread through the physical

movement of people from one place to another• Hierarchical Diffusion- spread from more important areas

to less important areas


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Expansion Diffusion• spread outwards from

a central location• The start of the spread

of Walmart from the video is a great example• How a rumor spreads

is a great example of expansion diffusion


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Relocation Diffusion• spread through the

physical movement of people from one place to another• A good example of this

is the bird flu• If you moved to a new

school, you might introduce new ideas or trends in the new school


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Hierarchical Diffusion

• spread from more important areas to less important areas• This diffusion is often

how ideas and trends spread• A great example of this

is Rap music in the US


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Diffusion Example• TASK 1: Come up with an example with your neighbors of a

NEW example for each of the three types of Diffusion• Be prepared to share with the class• Explain why it fits with that particular type of diffusion

Answer the following on your task sheet.>Click when ready<

S-Curves• This Graph is called

an S-Curve, it shows how an idea, trend, disease, etc. diffuses over an area

Problem: West Nile Virus• West Nile is a virus that can infect

humans, birds, horses, or any other warm blooded animals. • People infected with West Nile Virus

(WNV) sometimes show no symptoms. Others may develop fever, head and body aches, rashes, and swollen glands. • 1% of those infected suffer from

encephalitis, or swelling of the brain. This can be fatal• WNV is not contagious (you can’t

catch it like you catch a cold)

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So How Can You Catch West Nile?

• West Nile is carried by Mosquitoes • Getting bit by a Mosquito infected

by West Nile can give you the virus• Birds can carry the virus as well; an

uninfected mosquito can bite an infected bird and later transfer it onto a human or other animal


So How does West Nile Spread?

• While Mosquitos only travel around one mile from where they were born, a huge number of birds migrate• These bird

migrations are a big factor in the spread of WNV


West Nile’s History

• 1937- Woman in Uganda found with the virus


West Nile’s History• 1950-Virus spreads

through much of Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia


West Nile’s History• 1999-First cases in the

Americas appear in New York City. By the end of the year 7 people in the US were dead from the virus


West Nile Virus• Since 1999, West

Nile Virus has spread to most parts of the United States as well as parts of Central and South America


Scenario• You work in the marketing department of a

research company developing a West Nile Virus vaccine• You have been tasked with determining what

places in North America will have the highest demand for the Vaccine• You need to determine where the Virus has

spread and what factors have affected its pattern of diffusion• You need to determine if the West Nile Virus has

been of the expansion, relocation, or hierarchical type.


Guided Research 1• Look through the maps of human cases. Make sure you read the

map keys and understand what the maps are showing you.• Be sure to note how the number of cases increases from each map

to the next• Question 1: Keeping the concept of diffusion in mind, what pattern

do you notice to the spread of the Virus? • Question 2: What types of diffusion are you noticing on the maps?

Where?

Read the slide, then answer questions 1 & 2, using the maps on the next slide.

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Diffusion Maps

Guided Research 2• Thinking back to the maps from Question 1, • Question 3: Do you feel that areas with more people probably

have more cases of the Virus? • Question 4: What effect would more birds and more mosquitos

have on an area’s infection rate?

Read the slide, then answer questions 3 & 4.>Click when ready<

Guided Research 3• Look through this new set of maps. Instead of showing the raw

number of infected, these maps show the number infected per 1 million people. • Question 5: What differences do you notice from the first set of

maps? • Question 6: Do you notice an S-Wave pattern? • Question 7: What areas do you notice are hurt more by the Virus?

* You may want to refer back to slide 11.

Read the slide, then answer questions 5-7, using the maps on the next slide.

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Guided Research 3

RAW Number VS. Rate Per 1 Million

Guided Research 4• Question 8: Now that you have examined the maps of the Virus

Diffusion, where you feel the virus will spread to next? • Draw on the map provided where you feel the virus will show up next

Answer question 8 on your task sheet, then illustrate your answer on the map provided to you.

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Guided Research 5• There are more factors at work with West Nile than simple diffusion.

Remember that birds are the number one carrier of the disease. Look at the map of American Crow breeding numbers.• Question 9: What areas do you feel might be more or less impacted by

West Nile from looking at this Map? • Now look at the maps of mosquito activity.• Question 10: What areas do you feel might be more or less impacted

by West Nile from looking at this map?

Read the slide, then answer questions 9 & 10, using the maps on the next slide.

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Guided Research 5

* Click on the map to advance to the next map. There are a total of 3.

Guided Research 6• Remember that mosquitos are limited by Climate. They do best in

warm, wet climates. Examine the maps of rainfall and temperature • Task 2: Show ON YOUR MAP what areas you feel can best support

Mosquitos as well as what areas you feel cannot support Mosquitos. Be sure to label the areas.

Read the slide, then complete Task 2, using the maps on the next slide as a reference.

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Guided Research 6

FINAL TASK• In paragraph form on your task sheet, answer the following set of questions-•What areas are likely to be infected by WNV?•What factors limit the spread of the virus?•What area do you feel will receive the highest rate of infections and WHY?

by the end of this lesson you will be able to analyze diffusion patterns to understand, manage, and...

Documents

nature of geographic

different types of diffusion

behavior of diffusion

changing character of

diffusionlesson outcomesby