by shubham on basic aircraft control system

HIMALAYAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

1

PRESENT & DESIGN BY:-

shubham katiyar B.TECH 7TH SEM. ROLL NO. :-1046510033 2

INTRODUCTION OF HAL ORGANIZATION

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) came into existence on 1st October 1964. The Company was formed by the merger of Hindustan Aircraft traces its roots to the pioneering efforts of an industrialist with extraordinary vision, the late Seth WalchandHirachand, who set up Hindustan Aircraft Limited at Bangalore in association with the erstwhile princely State of Mysore in December 1940. The Government of India Limited with Aeronautics India Limited and Aircraft Manufacturing Depot, Kanpur.The Company became a shareholder in March 1941 and took over the Management in 1942.Today, HAL has 19 Production Units and 10 Research and Design Centres in 8 locations in India. The Company has an impressive product track record - 15 types of aircrafts/Helicopters manufactured with in-house R & D and 14 types produced under license. HAL has manufactured over 3658 Aircrafts/Helicopters , 4178engines, Upgraded 272 aircraft and overhauled over 9643aircraft and 29775 engines.

Tuesday, April 18, 2023 3

BASIC OF FLIGHT

• THRUST

• LIFT

• DRAG

• GRAVITY


A. Fuselage

B. Wings

C. Empenage or Tail

D. Power Plant

E. Landing Gear or

Undercarriage

Aircraft Components


Propeller

Landing Gear

Wing

Left Aileron

Fuselage

Empennage

Nacelle

Right Aileron

WingHorizontal Stabilizer

Vertical Stabilizer

Rudder

Elevator


• Know as tail section

• Consist of

– Vertical Stabilizer

– Rudder

– Horizontal Stabilizer

– Elevators

Empennage


Power PlantA unit or machine that converts chemical energy contains in

the fuel to thrust force. Thrust force is essential for moving

the airplane forward and producing lift force. With the piston

engine, the propeller is used to convert torque at engine

shaft to be thrust. With the jet engine, the jet engine output is

the thrust force.


• Located underneath of the

fuselage with shock strut

• Fixed / Retractable

• Provides means of landing taxiing

• Tri- cycle –Conventional type

• Floating gear for seaplane /ski-

equipped for ice surface landing

etc..

Landing Gear


Material use in Airframe Construction

Airframe Materials Properties

- High Strength to Weight ratio

- Light weight

- Corrosion Resistant

- Should be non flammable

- High quality


Airplanes with conventional landing gear are sometimes

referred to as tail wheel airplanes. When the third wheel is

located on the nose, it is called nose wheel, and the design

is referred to as a tricycle gear. A steerable nose wheel or

tail wheel permits the airplane to be controlled throughout all

operations while on the ground.

Landing Gear Structure


The power plant usually includes both the engine and the

propeller. The primary function of the engine is to provide the

power to turn the propeller. It also generates electrical power,

provides a vacuum source for some flight instruments, and in

most single-engine airplanes, provides a source of heat for

the pilot and passengers. The engine is covered by a cowling,

or in the case of some airplanes, surrounded by a nacelle.

The purpose of the cowling or nacelle is to streamline the flow

of air around the engine and to help cool the engine by

ducting air around the cylinders. The propeller, mounted on

the front of the engine, translates the rotating force of the

engine into a forward acting force called thrust that helps

move the airplane through the air.

Power Plant


• WOOD (Spruce)

• STEEL & ITS ALLOYS (Strong )

• ALUMINIUM & ITS ALLOY (Commonly use)

• TITANIUM ALLOYS (Heat Barriers)

• MAGNESIUM ALLOYS (3 times lighter than

AL)

• PLASTICS & COMPOSITE MATERIAL

Example of Material use in Airframe Construction


This is the end of presentation.This is the end of presentation.ANY QUERYANY QUERY

Thank you for your attention.Thank you for your attention.


by shubham on basic aircraft control system

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conventional landing

power plant

thrust force

hindustan aircraft limited

tricycle gear

aileronlanding gear

tail wheel airplanes

engine shaft