by osvaldo, hector, and frank database basics what is a database? what do the following things...
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By Osvaldo, Hector, and Frank
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Database Basics
What Is a Database? What do the following things have in
common: an address book, a telephone directory, a list of family birthdays, and a catalog of DVDs? For one thing, each can be stored in a database, or an organized collection of information. Databases can exist on paper or on a computer. Computerized databases can be huge, containing information on millions of items. A computerized database is an ideal tool for making use of huge amounts of existing data.
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Databases :make it easy to store, add, organize, and retrieve information. Suppose a worker has to find the account number for a customer. Imagine how much time that worker saves if he or she can find the information simply by typing the customer’s name instead of searching through piles of paper!
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Vocabulary Preview:
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Vocabulary
database Table record field data type garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)
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Vocabulary
database management system
(DBMS) flat-file database sort relational database key field object-oriented database
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Vocabulary
information overload browse ascending order descending order Report report template
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Vocabulary
database an organized collection of
information that may or may not be stored in a computer
base de datos conjunto organizado de información que puede estar guardado o no en una computadora
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Vocabulary
table the underlying structure of a
relational database characterized by rows and columns
tabla estructura subyacente de una base
de datos relacional caracterizada por filas y columnas
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Vocabulary
record a part of a database that holds data
about a particular individual or item registro parte de una base de datos que
contiene datos acerca de un individuo o elemento específico
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Vocabulary
field part of a database that holds an
individual piece of data campo parte de una base de datos que
contiene un dato individual
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Vocabulary
data type settings applied to a database field,
which allow the field to store only information of a specific type and/or format
tipo de datos parámetros que se aplican a un campo
de base de datos, que permiten al campo almacenar información de un solo tipo y/o formato específico
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Vocabulary
garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) a phrase that stresses the
importance of inputting accurate data in a database
entra basura, sale basura frase que destaca la importancia de
introducir datos precisos en una base de datos
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Vocabulary
database management system (DBMS)
a software program used to manage the storage, organization, processing, and retrieval of data in a database
sistema de administración de bases de datos
programa de software que sirve para administrar el almacenamiento, organización, procesamiento y recuperación de datos de una base de datos
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Vocabulary
flat-file database a database that can work with only
one table at a time base de datos de archivos planos
una base de datos que trabaja sólo
con un archivo a la vez
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Vocabulary
sort to arrange data in a specific order ordenar disponer datos siguiendo un orden
específico
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Vocabulary
relational database a database in which shared key
fields link data among tables base de datos relacional base de datos en la que los campos
clave compartidos enlazan datos entre tablas
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Vocabulary
key field an element that links tables in a
relational database campo clave elemento que enlaza tablas de una
base de datos relacional
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Vocabulary
information overload the result of a computer user being
overwhelmed by the amount of information generated by his or her computer
sobrecarga de información lo que ocurre cuando un usuario de
computadora se ve abrumado por la cantidad de información que genera su computadora
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Vocabulary
browse to find information in a database by
looking at records one at a time examinar buscar información en una base de
datos revisando los registros uno por uno
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Vocabulary
ascending order the sorting of data by increasing
value orden ascendente clasificación de los datos en orden de
valor creciente
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Vocabulary
descending order the sorting of data by decreasing
value orden descendente ordenamiento de datos por valor
decreciente
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Vocabulary
report an ordered list of selected database
records and fields in an easy-to-read format
informe lista ordenada de una selección de
registros y campos de base de datos en un formato de fácil lectura
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Vocabulary
report template a pattern that controls how data will
be displayed in a database report plantilla de informe patrón que controla la forma de
mostrar los datos en un informe de base de datos
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Assessment chapter 8
1 Which of the following is not a part of a database? C. fields
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2.In a database, a _____ is a unit of information about one individual or item. B.field
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3 Which of the following is not an advantage of a computerized database?
D.the ability to organize information in different ways
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4.What does the term GIGO stand for?
C.garbage in, garbage out
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5.Which type of database allows you to work with data in only one table? C.flat-file database
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6.This kind of database can be used to store all kinds of items, such as documents or video clips. A.flat-file database
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7._____ the same data in multiple tables requires the computer to store more information and increases the chance of errors. B. Avoiding
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8.This means finding data by looking at all the records in a database. B. mining
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9.If you sort data in order of increasing value, such as A–Z or 1–9, what sort order are you using? D.exponential
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10.This is a user-created direction that tells the database to find specific records
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11.A database is an organized collection of information. A. True
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12.Databases typically store all their data in one large table B .False
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13.A field’s data type determines what kind of information can be stored there A. True
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14.A computerized database can store millions of telephone numbers. A. True
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15.One disadvantage of computerized databases is that they limit your ability to arrange information. B.False
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16.The same features that make databases efficient tools also enable them to keep data secure. B .False
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18.The people who create databases can avoid causing information overload by summarizing information so that it does not overwhelm the databases’ users. A.True
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17.Instead of storing the same data in multiple tables, it is more efficient to store the data in one table and link it to other tables. A.True
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19.If you sort a database’s information chronologically, then you are sorting letters and symbols. B.False
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20.A query lets you speed up the browsing process by finding information that matches specific criteria. A.True
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