by: nick baldwin. number of farms irrigated: 220,163 total acres: 52,583,431 water used (total...
TRANSCRIPT
• Number of farms irrigated: 220,163
• Total acres: 52,583,431
• Water used (total acre-ft): 86,894,031
Irrigation in the United States
Top 5 States for Irrigation
• California 8,856,326 acres
• Nebraska 7,536,860 acres
• Texas 4,944,631 acres
• Arkansas 3,999,645 acres
• Idaho 3,182,176 acres
Flood (furrow) Irrigation
Low Energy Precision Application (LEPA)Center-Pivot Irrigation systems
Subsurface Irrigation
Drip/Microirrigation
Flood (furrow) Irrigation Systems
• Flood irrigation is the least expensive irrigation method where water is relatively cheap. • It should only be used on very flat fields, where ponding is not a problem. • Flooding is a good way to flush salts out of the soil.
• It is highly inefficient, however, when speaking of water loss through evaporation.
Center-Pivot Irrigation Vs. LEPA Center-Pivot Irrigation Systems
• Center-Pivot up to 35 percent, is lost because of evaporation and the blowing winds.
• Center-Pivot LEPA systems allow more than 90-percent of the water pumped to be used by the crop.
• Crop water use efficiency increased by 50%-75%. Water savings compared to any surface irrigation up to 45-70%.
Subsurface Irrigation and Drip/Microirrigation
• Subsurface irrigation water below the ground surface by using a buried perforated or porous pipe system that discharges directly into the root zone.
• In properly designed and operated systems, little or no wetting of the soil surface occurs.
• Microirrigation is a low pressure, low volume irrigation system suitable for high-return value Crops such as fruit and vegetable Crops.
• Excellent management is needed to maintain the system since clogging of the emitters
• High initial cost of the systems.
• Used to optimize irrigation water by using data from crop (plant temperature and Leaf Area Index) and soil.
Irrigation system where sensors control water output
Thermal Scanner on board a helicopter.
* This was a study done of water stress on cotton in Arizona.
Sources• http://www.nass.usda.gov/census/census02/fris/frisfeaturestory.pdf
• http://www.irrigation.org/gov/pdf/Fed_FarmRanchIrrSurvey_ReillyPresen_Nov152004.pdf
• http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/irmethods.html
• http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/sdi/Photos/Photos.htm
• http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/sdi/Reports/2000/K-StateRep/campis.htm
• http://www.colorado.gov/oemc/programs/agriculture/precision_irrigation/nice3.pdf
• http://precisionagriculture.tamu.edu/brochures/Remotesensing_final.pdf
• http://precag.tamu.edu/reports/files/sub22/Bart_Thesis.pdf
• http://agebb.missouri.edu/irrigate/bhconf/2000/ppt7/tsld014.htm
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