By Mr. Linder

The Reformers

2nd Great Awakening

• The Second Great Awakening – A new interest in religion in the 1820’s and 1830’s in New England & the South.

• Charles Grandison Finney – Leader of the 2nd Great Awakening

• Left career as a lawyer

• Told congregations each individual was responsible for their own salvation!

Charles Grandison Finney

Temperance Movement• Yes – This is about alcohol abuse.

• They believed Americans drank too much!

• Avg. American consumed 7 gallons of Alcohol per year.

• Alcohol abuse = family violence, poverty, criminal behavior.

• Temperance Movement – Effort to urge people to use self-discipline to stop drinking hard liquor.

Alcohol Abuse / Temperance Movement:

Alcohol Facts Today:• An early age of drinking onset is also associated with

alcohol-related violence not only among persons under age 21 but among adults as well.

• It has been estimated that over three million teenagers are out-and-out alcoholics.  Several million more have a serious drinking problem that they cannot manage on their own.

• The three leading causes of death for 15- to 24-year-olds are automobile crashes, homicides and suicides -- alcohol is a leading factor in all three.

Prison Reform:• In the 1840’s it was reported that mentally ill

people were often put into jail as criminals.

• Dorothea Dix was a middle-class woman who wanted prison reform.

• In response to Dorothea Dix, Massachusetts built special facilities for mentally ill people.

• Eventually more than 100 hospitals were built!

Dorothea Dix

Dorothea Dix Hospital

Education Reform:• Common-School Movement – The idea that

all children should be taught in a common place regardless of background.

• Horace Mann – The leader of the common-school movement.

• He became 1st secretary of ed. in Mass. He set the standard for education in the U.S.

Horace Mann

Horace Mann School