by: larisa rosas. a mood disorder involving manic episodes- intense and very disruptive experience...
TRANSCRIPT
BIPOLAR DISORDER
By: Larisa Rosas
• A mood disorder involving manic episodes- intense and very disruptive experience of heightened mood, possibly alternating with major depressive episodes.
• Also known as manic depression.
Bipolar disorder
Types of BipolarBipolar 1
o The diagnose used to describe a clinical course in which the individual experience one or more with the possibility.
Bipolar 2o The diagnose used
to describe a clinical coarse in which the individual experience one or more major and at least one. hypo manic episode
Types of bipolar disorder Cyclothymic disorder: • Has milder mood changes.
Mixed bipolar :• Is both mania and depression at the same time.
Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder:• A person with bipolar experiences four or more
episodes within a year.
Vocabulary Manic episode: characterized by- Extreme happiness -little need for sleep- Racing thoughts -hyperactivity - Rapid speech
Depressive episode:- Extreme sadness - feeling hopeless - Lack of energy -feeling helplessness
Vocabulary Hypomanic episodes:• More talkative / rapid speech • higher self-esteem • Excessive involvement In pleasurable
activities.
Mixed episode:• An episode that show symptoms of both
mania and depression.
How episodes work
Associated FeaturesBipolar I
Easily distracted Little need for sleep Poor judgment poor temper control Lack self control Overeating Drinking / drug use Very elevated mood/
talking a lot Very high self- esteem Upset
Bipolar II Sadness Eating problems Fatigue or lack of energy Feeling worthless, guilty,
hopeless Loss of pleasure in
activities Loss of self- esteem Thoughts of death Trouble getting sleep
Associated features DSM-IV-TR Criteria (Bipolar I)A. Presence of only one manic episode and no
past major depressive episodes.B. The manic episode is not better Accounted for
by Schizoaffective Disorder and is not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, Psychotic Disorder not otherwise specified.
Note: Recurrence is defined as either a change in polarity from depression or an
interval of at least 2 months without manic symptoms.
Associated Features DSM-IV-TR Criteria (Bipolar II)A. Presence (or history) of one or more Major
Depressive Episodes.B. Presence (or history) of at least one
Hypomanic Episode.C. There has never been a Manic Episode or a
Mixed Episode.D. The mood symptoms in Criteria A and B are
not better accounted for by Schizoaffective disorder and are not superimposed on Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Delusional Disorder, or Psychotic Disorder not otherwise specified.
Associated Features E. The symptoms cause clinically
significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Etiology
Genetic • Runs in families Biological • Researchers believe that some
neurotransmitters do not function properly in people that have bipolar.
Environmental:• such as stress
Bipolar disorder is less common than major depressive disorder
Of the U.S population 0.4% to 1.6%
It is equal in males and females.
Prevalence
Treatment Psychotherapy Talk about moods, feeling, thoughts, and
behavior Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Helps individuals to cope with their
symptoms in a positive way Interpersonal and Social Rhythm
Therapy A combination of interpersonal therapy
and CBT helps the individual keeping the
regular routines of everyday life.
Treatment Psycho education Teaches the individual how to manage
the disorder and what the disorder is. Medication Mood stabilizers Atypical antipsychotics Calcium – channel blockers Combination therapy
How can I prevent it? There is not an exact way to prevent
bipolar disorder However, getting treatment as soon as
possible can prevent from getting worse.
Be consistent with medication. Avoid drugs and alcohol.
Prognosis Mood stabilizers can help control the
symptoms. However, people with bipolar need
support to take the medication. Stopping medication can cause serious
problems. Suicide is very risky during the bipolar
disorder.
Discussion question Going back to the humanistic
Perspective, what is it that a person who suffers from Bipolar Disorder is lacking from Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs?
References Halgin, R.R & Whitbourne, S.K.(2005). Abnormal
psychology clinic perpectives on psychological disorders. New york, NY: Mc Graw- Hill.
Mayo clinic staff. (1998). Bipolar disorder. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bipolar-disorder/DS00356
Medical encyclopedia. Bipolar Disorder. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/pmt10001924
Tartakovsky, M. (2010). Bipolar disorder fact sheet. Psych central. Retrieved on April 20, 2012, from http://psychcentral.com/lib/2009/bip olar-disorder-fact-sheet/