by ken costello. + _ battery compass coil of wire + _ whats an ion? lets find out…
TRANSCRIPT
By Ken Costello
+ _
battery
compass
Coil of wire
+ _
What’s an ion? Let’s find out…
+ _
battery
compass
Coil of wire
Copper Chloride
+ _
Switch is open. Nothing happening yet.
+ _
battery
compass
Coil of wire
Copper Chloride
If copper atoms are going to the negative side, what charge do they have? What about the chlorine atoms?
+ _
+ _
battery
compass
Coil of wire
Copper Chloride
++
+
+
Since the atoms wandered towards each side, let’s call them IONS from the Greek word, ion, meaning wanderer.
+ _
+ _
Copper Chloride CuCl2
++
+
Also, since the positive side of a battery is called the anode (way up), we’ll call ions that go towards it anions.
++
++
+
Since the negative side of a battery is called the cathode (way down), we’ll call ions that go towards it cations.
anode
anode
cathode
cathode
+ _
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0VIIA VIIIA
Naming compounds by taking a metal from groups 1A, 1B, or 1C, and combining with a non-metal.
Understanding how ions react to other elements will help in naming compounds or coming up with formulas for the compounds.
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+1
+2 +3
+4
-4
2e-
3p+4p+
LiBeB
5p+6p+
C
VIIA VIIIA
How do you know the charge?
IA
IIA IIIA VIA
VIIA
VAIVA
+4VIIIA
+1
+2 +3 -2
-1
-3-4
0
2e-
NOF
7p+8p+9p+10p+
Ne
8e-
Na
11p+
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4
2e-
4p+
Be
-2
-1
-3
0
+2
2e-
F
9p+
-1
VIIA VIIIA
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
2e-
4p+
Be+2
2e-
F
9p+
-1
2e-
F
9p+
-1
VIIA VIIIA
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
Be+2 F -1F -1
BeF2
VIIA VIIIA
Berylium Fluoride
For ionic compounds with a metal from group 1A, 2A, & 3A place the metal first and name it first. The non-metal is put last and named last. The number of metals or non-metals is depends on how many it takes to balance the charges.
+1
+2 -2
-1
-3IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
VIIA VIIIA
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
Al +3 Cl -1Cl -1
AlCl3
Cl -1
VIIA VIIIA
Al +3
Cl -1Aluminum Chloride
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
Fe+3 O -2O -2
Fe2O3
O -2
VIIA VIIIA
Fe+3
O -2
Fe+3
Fe Fe OOO
• The following two slides show how polyatomic ions would combine. This will help you with naming compounds that contain polyatomic ions.
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
Zn+2 NO3-1NO3
-1
Zn(NO3)2
NO3-1
VIIA VIIIA
Zn+2
Zinc = +2
ON
OOZn
ON
OO
IA
IIA IIIA VIAVAIVA
+4+1
+2 +3 -4 -2
-1
-3
0
Fe+3 SO4-2SO4
-2
Fe2(SO4)3
SO4-2
VIIA VIIIA
Fe+3
Iron=+3
Now called Iron(III) sulfate
Fe +3SO4
-2
O
OS OO O
OS OO
Fe
O
OS OO
Fe