by : dr. ir. muhammad firman, m.for.sc. director soil and ... · pt. newmont minahasa raya, north...
TRANSCRIPT
By : DR. Ir. Muhammad Firman, M.For.Sc.
Director Soil and Water Conservation
Directorate General of Watershed Management and Protected Forest
Ministry of Environment and Forestry, The Republic of Indonesia
February, 2016
PT Kelian Equatorial Mining,
East Kalimantan Province
1. Conservation of Soil and water
2. Biodiversity3. Micro climate4. Reducing carbon
emission5. Source of
germplasm6. Flora and fauna
habitat
1. Illegal logging
2. Forest fire
3. Developing of
agriculture/crop
plantation/ public
work
4. Mining5. Forest land
Occupation
FOREST IN INDONESIAFOREST RESOURCE FOREST THREATFOREST FUNCTION
FACTS
1. Critical land 24.3 million
hectares (rate 0.8 m ha
/year)
2. National terget of Forest
and Land Rehabilitation
2015-2019 : 5,5 million
hectares ( 1.1 m ha /year)
Forest Resource Potency
• wood • Non-wood Forest Product • Environmental and tourism services • Mineral • Oil and gas • Geothermal• Provide space for others development sector
Conservation Forest (17%),
21,810,000 Ha
Protected Forest (24%),
30,000,000 Ha
Production Forest (59%),
75,210,000 Ha
Indonesian State Forest : 127.030.000 Ha(67% of total area of Indonesia)
1. National Contitution of 1945: Natural resources is controlled by the state and used for the welfare of people in the country
2. Basic Forestry Regulation No. 41,1999: Utilization of state forest that effect forest degradation have obligation to conduct forest reclamation and watershed rehabilitation.
1.Utilization of forest area for
other sector development
can only available on
production forest and
protected forest.
2.Without changing the basic
function of forest.
3. Forest utilization for mining
through permit granting of
Minister of Environmental
and Forestry by considering
environmental sustainability.
4. Inside protected forest
areas is prohibited to
implement open pit mining.
REGULATION ON STATE FOREST AREA UTILIZATIONFOR MINING SECTOR
1. Each granted permit holder
is obliged to conduct forest
reclamation (government
rule no. 76, year 2008).
2. Each user state forest areas
that cause forest
degradation is obliged to
rehabilitate (government rule
No. 24, year 2010).
3. Forest reclamation is holistic
part on mining activities
(Rule of Minister of Forestry
No. 4, year 2011)
4. Each granted permit holder
have to conduct Plantation
in order to Watershed
Rehabilitation (Rule of
Minister of Forestry No. 16,
year 2014)
Forest Reclamation and Watershed Rehabilitation
CONSTITUTION AND BASIC FORESTRY REGULATION
GOVERNMENT/MINITRY REGULATION
FORESTRY POLICIY ON MINING SECTOR
Companny operate mining within forest area must applied permit to Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MOEF)
MOEF issue permit for mining Operation to comanny
Mining operation potencially Increase in area of deforestation and critical land
Mining Companny gets permitfor mining operation have to conduct
two obligations
Reclamation of mining area • Recl areas = permit areas• using indemic species• Intensif plantation • after recl, returned to Gov
Watershed Rehabilitation : • the areas = areas of maining permit • min 80 % state forest , max 20 % non state forest• the location propose by companny in Watershed
(Prod Forest, Protected forest, Conservation forest, mangrove and peat land
• complated in 3 years since permit issued• species planted; indemic wood tree, MPTS
RECLAMATION AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION
IMPACT OF MINING ACTIVITIES
• Changing landscape (increasing of
erosion and stability of soil)
• Open area due to loss of
vegetation
• Increase in area of deforestation
and critical land
• Disturbance of catchment area
• Ecosystem disturbance due to loss
of biodiversity and wildlife habitat
• Increasing of run off due to loss of
top soil and high sedimentation
PT Kideco Jaya Agung, East Kalimantan Province
FOREST RECLAMATION
Efforts to repair and restore the demaged
forest land and vegetation due to mining
activity, return to its optimum condition
and function base on the initial
management objective.
WATERSHED REHABILITATION
Efforts to restore, maintain, and improve
forest and land functions so that its carrying
capacity, producttivity and its role in
supporting the life support system is
maintained.
DEFINITION
PT. Newmont
Minahasa Raya,
North Sulawesi
Province
STEP FOR FOREST RECLAMATION ACTIVITIES
I. Land arrangement Closure ex mining hole, Landscape setting (slope
stabilitation) Management of top soil.
II. Controlling of sedimentation and erosion Build soil conservation
construction, Planting cover crops.
III. Revegetation Field preparation, Seedling/nursery, Planting, and Maintenance of plantation.
PT. Newmont Nusa TenggaraWest Nusa Tenggara Province
East Kalimantan Province
East Kalimantan Province
ASSESMENT OF SUCCESS FOREST RECLAMATIONA. Land arrangement (score 30):Replenishment of mined land Arrangement of top surface land Slope stabilitySowing top soil
B. Sedimentation and erosion control (score 20) :Soil Conservation Construction Cover cropsIncident of sedimentation and erosion
C. Revegetation (score 50) :Wide of plantation areaGrowth percentage of plantation Number of plantation per hectares Species composition of plantation Growth and health of plantation
PT. Newmont Nusa TenggaraWest Nusa Tenggara
Province
No Score Qualification Acceptence
1 > 80 Good Succes, reclamation accepted
2 > 60 – 79 < Moderate Unsecces, unaccepted and need continoulsly maintenance until reach total score minimum 80.
3 < 60 Bad Fail, cannot be accepted and need more intensively maintenance until score minimum 80.
If the limit of permit granting has run out and forest reclamation activities not yet reach score of 80, the activity should be continued until 3 years by replanting or inrichment planting and intensively maintenance to total reach total score of > 80.
ASSESMENT ON FOREST RECLAMATION
PT. Newmont Nusa Tenggara - West Nusa Tenggara Province
STEP FOR WATERSHED REHABILITATION
I. PROPOSE REHAB LOCATION TO MOEF
Location of Rehabilitation proposed by company to Gov
Forest state min 80 % ( Production forest, protected forest, conservation
forest) and max 20 % non state forest
Attacced digital map scale 1 : 50.000
The area equel to permit area of maining operation
Obligation size = IPPKH + L3 + 10% (1: 1 + L3 + 10%)
II. DEFINE THE REHAB LOCATION
DG of Watershed Management and Protected Forest, MOEFdefine the definitif rehabilitation location base on proposed area by companny
III. PREPARING PLANNING AND DETAIL DESIGN
• Prepare pnatation map, species, planting space, seedling production
IV. REVEGETATION
Field preparation,
Seedling/nursery,
Planting, and
Maintenance of plantation ( Yo, Y1, Y2)
Evaluating return to Gov
• Number of plantation after assessment > 700 trees
/ ha State Forest
•Number of plantation after assessment > 1.100 trees / ha Urban Forest
•Number of plantation after assessment > 400 trees / ha Non State
Forest
ASSESMENT ON WATERSHED REHABILITATION
• Number of plantation after assessment > 3.300 trees / ha Mangrove
Forest
•Number of plantation after assessment > 600 trees / ha Border river and
Peatland area
FOREST RECLAMATION (UNTIL DECEMBER, 2015)
IPPKH stand for forest list permit
a. Active IPPKH is 595 units with a total area of 410,087.764 ha
b. IPPKH that are already recorded the progress of reclamation :
IPPKH 195 units , consisting of : - 186 units IPPKH (mining)
- 9 units IPPKH (non mining)
1) 186 units IPPKH (mining) consist of : 9 units Oil and Gas and 177 units
mineral , coal and mine excavation C
2) from 177 units IPPKH :
a) 145 units with a total area of ( 315,991.96 ha ) has implemented :
• Disturbed area of 64.092,63 ha ; 20,28 % of the total area .
• Reclamation area of 23.939,46 hectares ; 37,35 % of the total disturbed area.
b) 32 units IPPKH there has been no progress in the reclamation because there
has been no activity forest use, are under construction or still in the early
stages of production so that there are no areas that could/ready for
reclamation.
c. Oil-gas and Non Mining will carry out reclamation activities during the use
of the forest area has been completed.
REALIZATION ON FOREST RECLAMATION AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION
Watershed Rehabilitation (2011 - Dec 2015)
Based on the existing data in the Directorate of Soil and Water
Conservation , there are 574 companies/IPPKH area of 376.98,.82 hectares
are obliged to carry out planting to rehabilitate the watershed, with
details as follows :
a. IPPKH who has obtained the location and carry out planting area as
many as 210 companies /IPPKH area 134.7574,79 Ha .
b. IPPKH are in the process of establishing as much as 6 companies
/IPPKH area of 1.817,24 ha ,
c. IPPKH verified but the planting site has not been determined due to
not meet the technical requirements as much as 7 companies / IPPKH
area of 26.457,941 ha ,
d. IPPKH who have applied but not yet verified the planting site as many
as 207 companies / holders IPPKH area of 126,901.91 ha ,
e. IPPKH which has not proposed candidates for the planting site in
order to rehabilitate the watershed as many as 134 companies / IPPKH
area of 94.150,97 hectares.
PROBLEMS IN IMPLEMNTATION OF RECLAMATION
AND WATERSHED REHABILITATION
1. In same places, precentage of the planted tree grows is low due to limitted
of top soil and acid soil
2. Implementation of reclamation and Watershed Rehabilitation mostly face
with unpredicteble climate (arid and semi arid area), forest fire and forest
land occupation by local people
3. Claim of local people to the reclamation and watershed Rehab location
4. Limitted number and qualities of experts that expertise and background
in this area
5. Seedling production in nurssery for planting, some time, limitted due to
low quality of seed supply
6. Conflict beetwen Company and local people ( lack of involving local
people to the activitiies). Need more involvement and community
empowering local people)
7. Limitted model forest to reduce social conflict ( agroforestry model etc)
POTENTIAL COOPERATION
• Sharing on good practices, information and
technologies on forest reclamation and watershed
rehabilitation.
• Joint project/joint research on developing of Forest
Reclamation Model on mining area
(in humid, arid, semi arid area, etc)
• Human resources developing; training, comparative
study
• Community Empowering people surrounding mining
area