bw-training-1overview-of-sap-bw.ppt

7/14/2019 BW-Training-1Overview-of-SAP-BW.ppt

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A business of

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Overview of SAP BW


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1.Agenda

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Contents

SAP BW Overview and Concepts

Introducing the Administrator Workbench

Data Modeling and Loading

Data Extraction (OLTP and Remote Systems)

The ODS and Business Content

Production Support

BEX Reporting


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Data Warehousing and the SAP BW Overview

and Concepts

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SAP Business Information Warehouse

Data Warehouse system with optimized structures for reporting and analysis

OLAP engine and tools for BEX Reporting

Integrated meta data repository

Data extraction and data staging in OLTP

Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems

BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems

Automated Data Warehouse management

Administrator Workbench for controlling and managing content


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Business Information Warehouse Architecture


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Business Content

Financial Accounting

General Ledger

Accnts Receivable

Accnts Payable

Special Ledger

Profitability Analysis

Product Costing

Overhead Costing

Profit Center Accnt

Controlling

Sales

Purchasing

Inventory Management

Production

Project Management

Logistics

Time Management

Training & Events

Human Resources

Payroll Accounting

Fixed Assets

Administration

Cl h


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Close the Loop

- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -

TransactionProcessing

OLTP

Transformation

DSSExternal

Extraction

Action

Analysis

AnalyticalApplications

Common

Meta Data


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Architecture Overview

R/3 OLTP Applications

OLTPReporting

Production DataExtractor

Business InformationWarehouse Server

BAPI

BusinessExplorerAnalyzer

(hosted by MS Excel)Browser

Non R/3 Production DataExtractor

Non R/3 OLTP Applications

3rd party OLAP client

Data ManagerInfoCubes

OperationalData Store

3rd party OLAP client3rd party OLAP clients

Meta Data Manager

Staging Engine

AdministratorWorkbench

Administration

Scheduling

Monitor

OLAP Processor

Meta DataRepository

InfoCatalog

OLE-DB for OLAP Provider

MDX

Data Manager


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Update Rules

R/3 OLTP System

Staging Process

BusinessInformationWarehouse

Server

InfoCube

Update Rules

SourceSystems

Data extractSales Europe

R/3 standardextractor

Transfer Structure

Non R/3 OLTP System

Data extractSales Americas

3rd partyextraction tool

Transfer Structure

Communication Structure

Mapping & Transform at ion Rules

Update Rules

Research Institute

InfoCube

MarketInformation

Transfer Structure

Communication Structure

Mapping & Transform at ion RulesInfo Sources


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Transfer Rules

Update Rules

InfoCubes

Communication structure

Transfer Structure

Extract Source Structure

Business InformationWarehouse Server

Staging Engine

OLTP System 1 OLTP System 2


Transfer Structure

Transfer StructureTransfer Structure


Transfer Structure

DataSource

Transfer Structure

InfoSource

Transfer RulesTransfer Rules

(Replicated)

DataSource and InfoSource


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Extraction, Transformation and Loading

to get a complete view of your business

Open for any source

Flexible set of ETL capabilities

Integration on application level

Open to third-party tools

Support of open standards


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Non-SAP Data Sources

Business Information Warehouse Server

AdministratorWorkbench

Staging EngineMeta DataRepository

DataBase

FileR/3

Non SAP

Mainframe RDBMS

Complementary Extraction& Transformation Tool

BAPI

Staging BAPIs allow ...

... certified SAP Partners to provide

ready-to-run extraction & transformation tools

... customers to integrate their non-SAP data


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OLTP System

Persistent Staging Area

Business Information Warehouse Server

InfoCube

InfoSource InfoSource

PSA

Data extract Data extract

Update Rules

Validation

BAPI

Ad i i t t W kb h


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Administrator Workbench

Central Administration and Control

Modeling

Reporting Agent

Business Content

Monitoring

Metadata Repository


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OLAP Processor

Arbitrary drill-downs, horizontally, vertically, hierarchically Built-in functions for ...

... Aggregation: sum, count, count distinct, min / max,first / last, average by period, ...

... Comparison: difference, ratio, percent,...

... Analysis: sort, cumulated sum, time series,...

... Stock value handling

... Financial: currencies, fiscal year variants,...

Derived key figures


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More OLAP Goodies ...

Hierarchies for interactive drill-down

Tree-like structures on a characteristics domain Structure defined in external hierarchy table (similar to master data) no realignment problem!

Flexible versioning on hierarchies

Variables

Determine set of data for a query at run-time

which complex filters, which hierarchies?

Values for variables are calculated by the system or entered by the user

Values for variables can be used as input for formulae


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Currency Conversion

Convert during data load and/or during analysis

Based on R/3 conversion rates

Conversion per

fiscal year / fiscal period

calendar date / period

conversion rate type

Mixed currencies within

columns or rows

multi currency aggregates can be resolved by a simple dill-

down by units

Business Explorer

Staging Engine

OLAP Processor

FileR/3

convert

EUR

EUR

convert


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Aggregates

Speed up query performance by providing

pre-aggregated views on InfoCubes

Aggregates are also stored in InfoCube star schema

Fully invisible to the end-user

Created by administrator depending on InfoCube semantics and query anticipation

Optimized by OLAP processor selecting best aggregate

Built-in consistency

data package released for queries when aggregate update complete

Zero downtime during load


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InfoCube

Time dimension

T Period Fiscal year

10 1997 ...Product dimension

P Product # Product group

2101004 displays ...

Fact table

C Customer # Region

13970522 west ...

Customer dimension

P C T Quantity Revenue Discount Sales overhead

250 500,000 $ 50,000 $ 280,000 $

50 100,000 $ 7,500 $ 60,000 $

...

Customer # Name Location

13970522 Brightview, Inc. Palo Alto

Masterdata

BW Data Model


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InfoCube: SAP BW Design

Central data stores for reports and evaluations

Contains two types of data:

Key Figures

Characteristics

1 Fact Table and up to 16 Dimension Tables

3 Dimensions are predefined by SAP

Time

Unit

Info Package


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Info Cube Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Query Cache

Others

Govt Agencies

Institutions

Customer Retail

Group Whole sale South

Dept Stores West Regions

East

Glassware

Ceramics

Plastics

Furnishings

Chemica

ls

Bi-produ

cts

Division


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Customergroup

Region

InfoCube: Example

Division

Dept. Stores

Wholesale

Retail

Glass- Ceramics Plastics Pottery Copper Pewterware

North

Sou

th

East


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1

Region

North

South

East

Glass-ware

Ceramics

Customergroup

Division

Retail

Wholesale

DeptStores

Analysisof Ceramicsdivision

Analysisof Plasticsdivision

Analysisof Plastics divisionand Southern region

Region

North

South

Ea

st

Glass-ware

Ceramics Plastics

Customergroup

Division

Retail

Wholesale

DeptStores Region

North

South

E

ast

Glass-ware

Ceramics Plastics

Customergroup

Division

Retail

Wholesale

DeptStores

2

Region

North

South

E

ast

Glass-ware

Ceramics Plastics

Customergroup

Division

Retail

Wholesale

DeptStores

3

Product group

Customer group

Division

Area

Company code

Region

Period

Profit Center

Bus. Area

Plastics

Characteristics:Query Cache InfoCube

InfoCube: Multi-dimensional analysis


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Division

1100RT-0001

NorthPlasticsRetail Trade

SalesHours worked

4,000,0001,300,000 Key Figures

Character-istics

Customergroup

Region

Key Figures are stored for a unique combination of Characteristic Values

Number of dimensions is degree of granularity / summarization level of the dataset

InfoCube: Characteristics and Key Figures


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What is an InfoObject ?

The various OLTP data models are unified for BW

Business objects / data elements become InfoObjects

InfoObject0COSTCENTER

InfoObjects are unique across

application components !

R/3OLTP

COControlling

HRHuman

Resources

KOSTL ...

Table of cost centers

Table of employeesEMPLO COST_CENTER ...

BW Extractor

DataSourcefor

Cost Center


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Types of InfoObjects

Characteristics: evaluation groups like Cost Center, Product group, Material

Have discrete values stored in their master data tables

(e.g. the characteristic Region has the values North, South, ... )

Special types of characteristics:

Time characteristicslike Fiscal period, Calendar year, ...

Unit characteristicswhich comprise currencies and units of measure like Local

currency or Sales quantity

Keyfigures: continuously valued numerical fields like amounts and quantities (e.g.: Revenue and

Sales quantity)


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Reporting Architecture

Query

OLAP server

Database

OLAP

Processoroperates on ...

InfoCube

stored in

Aggregates

Databasestores ...

Business Explorer

Analyzerdefines ...

StarSchema


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Business Explorer

Analyzerdefines ...

Reporting Architecture

Query

OLAP server

Database

OLAPProcessoroperates on ...

InfoCube

stored in StarSchema

Aggregates

Databasestores ...

Business Explorer

Analyzershows ...

Query View

stored in

Excel Workbook

Analyzer: Defining Queries


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y g Q


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End-users build

on existing Excel

and MS Officeknow how

Workbooks

as container

for queries

(store, e-mail)

All rendition and

presentation

features of

Excel available

Analyzer embedded in Excel

Business Explorer Analyzer ...

... implemented as an Add-in for Microsoft Excel ... links query rsults to cells in Excel workbooks

(e.g. multiple queries within same worksheet)

... offers all navigation features of OLAP-Processor via mouse-click,

context-menus, toolbar etc.


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Thank You

bw-training-1overview-of-sap-bw.ppt

Documents

data sources

data staging

loading data extraction

oltp preconfigured support

r3 systems bapis

analysis olap engine

333pc3contents sap bw

remote systems