business logistics 420 urban transportation fall 2000 lecture 2: the scope of public transportation...
TRANSCRIPT
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Business Logistics 420Urban Transportation
Fall 2000Lecture 2: The Scope of Public
Transportation Services
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• Objective of this lecture is to provide you with an overview of the modes of public transportation that are in service and to identify key attributes of these services
• Objective is also to help you understand circumstances in which each mode would be appropriate
Scope of Public Transportation Services
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• Technology Used– Fixed guideway vs non-fixed (highway)– Exclusive right of way vs. shared– Power source– Stations Type (ground level, high level, none)
and spacing– Capacity
Key Attributes of Modes
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• Speed
• Type of operation– Line haul– Collector/feeder– fixed-route/fixed-schedule vs. demand
responsive
• Ownership of vehicles and right of way
Key Attributes (Continued)
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• To provide the fastest service possible
• To match capacity with demand
• To make the service “cost-effective”
Public Transit Challenge
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• Fixed Guideway– Rapid rail transit– Commuter Rail Transit– Light Rail Transit– Personal Rapid Transit– Cable Car– Incline Plane
Brief Description of Modes
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• Heavy Rail--High-speed, passenger rail cars operating singly or in trains of two or more cars on fixed rails in separate rights-of-way from which all other vehicular and foot traffic are excluded. Also known as "rapid rail,"
• "subway," "elevated (railway)," or "metropolitan railway (metro)."
Rapid Rail Transit, Heavy Rail
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• Lightweight passenger rail cars operating singly (or in short, usually two-car, trains) on fixed rails in right-of-way that is not separated from other traffic for much of the way. Light rail vehicles are driven electrically with power being drawn from an overhead electric line via a trolley or a pantograph. Also known as "streetcar," "tramway," or "trolley car."
Light Rail Transit (Trolley)
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• Long-haul rail passenger service operating between metropolitan and suburban areas, whether within or across the geographical boundaries of a state, usually characterized by reduced fares for multiple rides, and commutation tickets for regular, recurring riders. Also known as "regional rail" or "suburban rail."
Commuter Rail Transit
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• Rapid Bus Transit -- exclusive right of way, high platform, rapid loading services
• Busways (Pittsburgh)
Hybrid Services between Fixed and Flexible Guideway
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• Conventional bus service– Fixed Route– Flexible Route– Subscription
• Trolley bus (rubber tired vehicle, electrically powered)
• Jitney (fixed-route, flexible schedule)
Non Fixed Guideway Modes
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• Same route on regular pre-set schedule
• Example CATA H Route (Toftrees)
Fixed-Route Bus Service
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• Characterized by smaller vehicle (< 25 psgrs)• Route and schedule flexible in response to demand
for service• Shared-ride (not exclusive)• Operating patterns
– Many to many
– Many to one
– Many to few
Paratransit, Demand-Responsive
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• Taxi
• Carpool
• Vanpool
• Shared-ride services – General Public– Target Audience -- senior citizens, disabled
persons, low income (Welfare-to-Work)
Types of Paratransit
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• Deviates from route to cover prescribed area (shaded), but meets fixed stops on regularly scheduled basis
Flexible Routing Bus Service
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Study Questions1.What are the key service/customer advant-
ages of fixed guideway systems such as heavy rail, commuter rail, and light rail?
2. In what operating environments are this high-capacity modes most appropriate?
3. What is the difference between heavy rail and light rail systems that were built 100 years ago compared to ones built since the 1970s?
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Study Questions (Continued)4. What are the key characteristics of
paratransit services?
5. Where are paratransit services most appropriate?
6. Are rapid busways a reasonable substitute for rapid rail transit systems? If so, in what contexts?
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• History of urban development and transit technology
• History of the transit enterprise
• The rise and fall of transit
Next Time