bus shelter report
TRANSCRIPT
Benjamin Tan Zi Hern 0324857Cheok Jian Shuang 0320089Chong Jia Yi 0320869Chong Kit Yee 0319748Chong Xin Dean 0325353Lee Wan Xuan 0325273
Project 1: Skeletal Construction | Temporary Bus ShelterBUILDING CONSTRUCTION II
TABLE OFCONTENTS
Design Inspiration and Concept 01Precedent Study 02
Load and forces distribution 03Weather resistant and temporality 04
Access 05Load test analysis 06
Component 07Materiality 08
Joint and connection 09 Process 10
Final design 11Conclusion 12
Reference 13
The design of the bus shelter is inspired posture of flying bird. Therefore, dynamic form was derive from the motion of the wing of bird which extended outward.The design of the bus shelter consists of 2 basic geometry forms, which is tetrahedrons and cuboid. The two tetrahedrons attach together to form the roof while the cuboid form the space beneath the roof.
Posture of a flying bird 01 First idea sketch 02
Refined idea based on practicality 03 Basic form of the bus shelter 04
DESIGN CONCEPT AND INSPIRATION 01
The roof is designed to shade both part of the bus shelter, as the seats is provided in 2 direction to accommodate more peoples. Double pitch roof allow shading from different direction while not obstructing the wind flow. Moreover, it increase the rate of rainwater discharge.
DEFORMED DOUBLE PITCH ROOF
I NTRODUCTION
FOREST SHELTER
Unobstructed structures which
provide good ventilation, natural
lighting and huge activity spaces. High accessibility, can be entered through all
directions.
at Emsdetten
Roof is designed to enhance the airflow within the spaces of bus shelter. Large overhangs shade the shelter but letting natural lights in at the same time.
BUS SHELTER
at Betrichamp
PRECEDENT STUDY 02
The materials and type of construction used are able to prevent the structure from being deformed by lateral forces
such as winds and earthquake.
WEATHER RESISTANT AND TEMPORALITY 04
The structure of the roof is designed to prevent the rainwater from flowing into the shelter, the material of the roof itself is also
waterproofing so that the water will not leak
through the roof into the shelter.
The structure is designed to last for an approximate lifespan of 5 years, making
its presence temporary.
LOAD AND FORCES DISTRIBUTION 03
plan view elevation
There are 3 columns align in a row serve as main support of the bus shelter, which connected to the
pad footing. Rafters and strut were added to transfer the load to the main support. Tensile strength were reinforced by adding bracing
between structure.
The main concern in designing the bus shelter is its accessibility. The bus shelter is designed to be highly accessible as users are able to approach and enter the shelter in all directions without any means of obstruction.
ACCESS 05
LOAD TEST ANALYSIS 06
Deformed double pitched roof prevents the accumulation of rainwater on itself.
Roofing struts are able to withstand the lateral load from rain and wind.
01 ROOF 02 SEATBeam and floor struts underneath the seat are able to withstand load and transfer it to the columns.
timber floor struts
COMPONENTS 07
roofing rafterstimber roofing strutspolycarbonate roofing
skeletal structural columntimber seatings
timber decking floor
concrete pad footing
timber floor joiststimber bearer
polycarbonate ridge cap
structural stumptimber beam
EXPLODED PERSPECTIVE
ScrewNailsCorner BracketGusset Plate
10 mm transparent polycarbonate roofing sheet
50mm timber common rafter
50mm timber roofing strut
200*200*2800 Timber skeletal structure column
30mm Timber plywood decking floor
50*100*2000 Timberfloor joist
50*100*4000 Timber bearer
300*300*50 Stump infilled with concrete
50*350 Timber ridge Beam
MATERIALITY 08
ROOFINGSEAT
HARDWARE
FLOORING
35* 100 *4000 Timber bench joist
30mm Timber plywood bench trellises
35mm Timber bench strut
struts to main column
JOINTS AND CONNECTION 09
L-BRACKET (4 HOLES)
IRON SCREW
COPPER NAILfloor joistsfloor finishing seat joistsseat finishingroof connection to column
roof connection to main columnseat beam to column
L-BRACKET (8 HOLES)
column to pad footing
COPPER SCREW
roofing
PROCESS 10
01 Building up
floor joist and bearer
02Cutting flooring
finishing
03Arranging
floor finishing
04Nailing
floor finishing
to the floor
joists and bearer
06Mixing
cement and aggregate
to create the pad footing
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
01 02 03
04 05 06
07 08 09
07Drilling on
the columns
to attach the
columns to the
pad footing
08Screwing the metal
bracket to the
column
09Inserting
the columns
to the wet pad footing
05Cutting
openings for the
placing of stumps
SEAT CONSTRUCTION
PROCESS 10
01 02 03
04 05 06
07 08
01Attaching seat joists
to the beam
02Marking
points to indicate the
position of nails
03Nailing the
joists to the beam
04Positioning
the completed
structure on the
columns
05Attaching
the seat finishing
to the structure
06Placing the
finished seat on the
columns
07Addition of
beam underneath the seat to stabilize it
08Addition
of the struts on both side
of the main
column
03Addition of
rafters to the roof
structure
02Positioning the rafters on the roof
PROCESS 10
ROOF CONSTRUCTION
01 02 03 04
05 06 07 08
01Trimming the end of rafters to
the accurate angle to
be assembled
04Drilling
holes on the rafter for better
nailing effect
06Nailing
the roof to the
columns
07Attaching
the roof to the main
column using metal
brackets
08Addition of
roofing struts to stabilize the roof
and ridge caps to prevent
water from flowing into the interior
05Nailing the roof to the completed
roof structure
FINAL DESIGN 11
ROOF PLAN FLOOR PLANSCALE 1:25 SCALE 1:25
FINAL DESIGN 11
ELEVATION ELEVATIONSCALE 1:25 SCALE 1:25
FINAL DESIGN 11
PERSPECTIVE VIEW
C ONCLUSION
01 How to Build a Wood Deck. Life of an Architect, n.d Web. 15 September 201602 “Shelter Design.” Metro Transit, n.d Web. 19 September 201603 Support and Connection Types, Architectonics, n.d. Web. 19 September 201604 Ching, Francis D.K. 1991, Building Construction illustrated, New York. Van Nostrand Reinhold05 Simmon, H. Leslie, 2001. Construction : Principles, Materials and Method. 7th Edition. New York. 06 John Chudley, R. 2006, Construction Technology, 4th edition. Pearson and Prentice Hall.
REFERENCES`
In this project, we had faced challenges especially during creating joineries which involve multiples connection. The problems were finally resolved after everyone in the group work together looking for solution through research.
After this project, we had learnt about:01 Apply the knowledge of skeletal construction and its joints to actual construction and design02 Analyzing the issues of strength, stiffness and stability of structure including modes of structural systems, forces, stress and strain and also law of static.03 Understanding of appreciate materials to suit the function of shelter.