burns

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BURNSBURNS

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Learning Outcomes Learning Outcomes

• Describe how to recognise the severity of:

• Burns• scalds.• Explain how to manage: • burns• scalds.

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BURNS CONT..BURNS CONT..

The skin is the largest organ in the body

Composed of 3 tissue layers

Epidermis – outermost layer made up entirely of epithelial cells no blood vessels

Dermis – framework of connective tissues that contain blood vessels, nerve endings, sebaceous glands and sweat glands

Subcutaneous- combination of elastic and fibrous tissue as well as fatty deposits

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TaskTask

To produce a poster detailing how they would need to recognise and treat the severity of burns and scalds Task 5 7.1, 7.2

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BURNS CONT..BURNS CONT..WHAT DOES THE SKIN DO?

Protective barrier against outside environment

Helps prevent infection

Prevents fluid loss

Helps regulate body temperature

Dermal layer contains nerve endings that convey impulses between the brain and the body

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SKIN LAYERSSKIN LAYERS

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CLASSIFICATION OF CLASSIFICATION OF BURNSBURNS

Superficial

Partial Thickness

Full Thickness

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TYPES OF BURNSTYPES OF BURNS

Dry Wet ChemicalElectrical Cold Radiation

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TREATMENT FOR BURNS or TREATMENT FOR BURNS or SCALDSSCALDS

Primary assessment

Position of casualty

Cool the burn immediately with cold running water for minimum of 10 minutes (do not overcool the casualty and do not touch the injured area)

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Remove constricting items (shoes, jewellery etc) but be careful not to remove anything stuck to the burn

If chemical burns be careful not to contaminate yourself or other areas of the casualty’s body)

Elevate the affected area if possible (reduces swelling)

Dress the burn – non fluffy and non sticky – cling film is good but do not wrap the burn tightly

Alternatives – unused plastic bags or specific burns dressings

Now recommended all children with burn are assessed by medical staff

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DO NOT….

Burst blisters

Touch the burn

Apply lotions, ointments, fats

Apply adhesive tape or dressings

Remove clothing that has stuck to the burn

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SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IF…

The burn is larger than 1 inch square

The patient is a child

The burn goes all the way around the limb

Any part of the burn appears to be full thickness

The burn involves hands, feet, genitals or the face

If you are not sure seek advice

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Radiation (Sun burn)Radiation (Sun burn)

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INHALATION INJURIESINHALATION INJURIES

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSSIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Burns to the face or neck

Singed nasal hairs

Stridor (noisy breathing similar to snoring)

A hard cough, spitting up soot

Inhalation injury is the major cause of death in Inhalation injury is the major cause of death in

burns victimsburns victims . .

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CHEMICAL BURNSCHEMICAL BURNS

CAUSTIC SODA BURNS WITH HEAD INJURY

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Chemical burnChemical burn

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CHEMICAL BURNSCHEMICAL BURNS TREATMENTTREATMENT

Protect yourself first

Wash the casualty down immediately

Do not waste time removing clothing, until washing down is under way

Flush until all chemicals are removed

Airway management is a priority

Keep casualty well oxygenated and warm

Dry sterile dressings for all burns

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Electrical BurnElectrical Burn

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ELECTRICAL BURNSELECTRICAL BURNS

NOTE COMPOUND FRACTURE / DISLOCATION OF WRISTNOTE COMPOUND FRACTURE / DISLOCATION OF WRISTCAUSED BY SEVERE MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONCAUSED BY SEVERE MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

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ELECTRICAL BURNSELECTRICAL BURNSTHINGS TO LOOK OUT FORTHINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR

Don’t become part of the circuit

Anticipate greater damage than is visible

Examine the patient for associated injuries to bones and internal organs

Monitor patient closely, arrange transportation to hospital

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burns

Education

mod8 burns

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