burkina faso
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Burkina Faso. Dana, Mahes , Jackson, Paven , Hassan Yoong. Geographical Location/Intro . Yoong. Western Africa, north of Ghana. Colors of the flag. Pan -African color Red : symbolize the revolution Green : abundance of natural riches Star : guiding light of the revolution - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Burkina Faso
Dana,
Mahes,
Jackson,
Paven,
Hassan
Yoong
Geographical Location/Intro Yoong
Wes
tern
Afri
ca, n
orth
of
Gha
na
Colors of the flagPan-African color
• Red : symbolize the revolution
• Green : abundance of natural riches
• Star : guiding light of the revolution
Previously was named as Republic of
Upper Volta, then renamed by
President Thomas Sankara.
Capital:
Quagadougou
- Achieved
independence from
France in 1960
- Population: 16.3
million (2010)
- 63 ethnic groups;
half of the
population are
Mossi, followed by
Gourmantche,
Fulani, Dioula, and
Bissa
Geographically
Mostly plains, flat,
savanna
Climate
Tropical climate
with two very
distinct seasons
Economy
Cotton
Mining:
- Gold (Third
largest export)
Education
National
literacy rate
- Male: 30%
- Female: 15%
Causes of Poverty Hassan
CAUS
ES O
F PO
VERT
Y
LOOKING AT POVERTY FROM
ITS ROOT Gauging poverty from its root
helps us understand that focusing on eliminating the
cause of poverty is a more
efficient approach than focusing on reconciling the
damage of poverty. Human Development Report
(2007), states that more than
80% of the world population
lives in countries where the
income gap is widening at a
fast pace.
Many such facts reveal that the
inequality of wealth is in direct
effect of the control and power of
the rich. The idea of the world as a
global village has given greater
access to external control of poor
nations.
Shah (2011) says that behind the
interconnectedness promised by
globalization lie global decisions,
policies and practices, which are
typically planned and driven by the
rich and powerful-leaders of rich
countries, multinational
corporations, global actors,
institutions or influential people etc.
With such enormous external influence, the governments of poorer nations and their people are often left powerless.
Schiller (1989) says ‘which view of poverty we
ultimately embrace will have a direct bearing on the public policies we pursue’.
Community developers
help all communities but
their focus is unbalanced
with the people who do
not have sufficient
resources to meet their
needs or with
communities with large
populations of people
who are in need of help.
(Bradshaw 2006)
It is this disparity of status
and interest that make
poverty research an inescapably political act: it
is an exercise of power, in
this case of an educated
elite to categorize, stigmatize, but above all to
neutralize the poor and
disadvantaged through
analysis that obscures the
political nature of social and
economic inequality. (O’Connor 2001:p12)
Often political agendas are the main factors that define poverty in a given context. The rich and powerful manage how poverty is discussed and what is being done about it.
THEORIES OF
POVERTYPOVERTY CAUSED BY INDIVIDUAL
DEFICIENCIES
The 5 theories of poverty by Bradshaw
(2006)
1) The first theory of poverty focuses on
individuals as being responsible for their
situation. The individuals suffering from
poverty are blamed for their poverty. The
theory suggests that if they work harder
and make better choices they can avoid
problems. Scientifically this theory is
disapproved however adopting it anti-
poverty policy can change behavior.
For example:Imposing penalties and giving incentives to kids at school in poor communities can push them to work and also enable them to learn skills that can get them jobs.
POVE
RTY
CAUS
ED B
Y
CULT
URAL
BEL
IEF
SYST
EMS
THAT
SUP
PORT
SUB
-
CULT
URES
OF
POVE
RTY
2) The second theory of the cause of
poverty is the ‘Culture of poverty’.
The passing of dysfunctional ideas,
belief system, norms, cultures and
values from generation to generation
can shape an individuals ability,
behavior and motivation level.
For example:Poor people in ghettos or poor regions
share a certain way of thinking and
behavior shaped by their belief system.
By the time slum children are sex or
seven they have already absorbed the
basic attitudes and values of their ‘sub-
culture’. They are psychologically not
prepared to take full advantage of
changing their conditions or improving
opportunities.
POVERTY CAUSED
BY
ECON
OM
IC, POLITICAL, AN
D
SOCIAL D
ISTORTIO
NS O
R
DISCRIM
INATIO
N
3) The third theory suggests that poverty is
caused by economical, political and social
misrepresentation and discrimination. The
economic system is structured in such a way
that the poor people always fall behind no
matter how competent or hard working they
are.
For example:
The minimum wages do not allow poor people or
their families to be economically self-sufficient.
A group of people being given a social disgrace
because of their race, gender disability, religion or
other groupings and causing them to have limited
opportunities regardless of their capabilities.
Cont…
POVE
RTY
CAUS
ED B
Y GE
OG
RAPH
ICAL
D
ISPA
RITI
ES
4) Poverty in rural areas, ghettos, third world poverty are all categorized poverties based on geographical conditions. This theory suggests that the resources needed to generate well being and income lack in those areas.
POVERTY CAUSED BY
CUMULATIVE AN
D CYCLICAL
INTERD
EPEND
ENCIES
5) This theory is linked to the previous four
theories and implies that all the causes are
linked together. When all these problems
dominate, other opportunities close. This
theory says that the individuals and the
resources available are all dependent with
a faltering economy.
For example:
Individuals who lack resources to participate
in the economy, makes economic survival
even harder for the community as fewer
people are paying taxes.
Perspectives Paven
Perspective
(Geographical)Burkina Faso – Located in
Western Africa, North of
Ghana. Also known as Sankara
in the early 80’s, but when the
country upraised the French
democracy they changed it to
Burkina Faso in 1984.
The country covers 105,869
square miles (274,200 square
kilometers) in the center of
West Africa, north of Ghana
and Ivory Coast.
(Soc
ial a
nd
Cultu
ral)
In Burkina Faso, there are three
major religious groups: Muslim
(52%), Christian (18%), and
traditional religions (26%)
Classes and Castes. The people
there are divided based on class
and castes. Art Burkina Faso has more than 60
ethnic groups, each with their
own social and cultural distinctions. Music Burkina Faso is home to 60
different ethnic groups, each with
their own variety of folk music.
(Political) The political system of the
fourth Republic is based on a
constitution which is inspired by
the French presidential
democracy.
The political class is a limited
group, where most personalities
know each other well.
Cont…
(Economical)
One of the poorest countries in the
world, the average person has a
yearly per capita purchasing power
parity of only $860 based on 1997
World Bank estimate.
About 85 % of the population is
engaged in agriculture at the
subsistence level and less than 10
% of the agricultural production is
cash crops.
What is our FocusDana
Education
Basic Needs
Clothes
Shelter
Food
How are we promoting the IssueJackson
The
Gove
rnm
ent
To inform them about the
poverty issues and raise awareness to the public towards this issue.
Contribute in the help of solving this issue
Ask for the help from others
country. Provide the higher education level for the public. Encourage the public being
independent
The
publ
ic
Unfold the truth about the cause of poverty
Encourage the public giving the child for a proper education.
Educate public should stop depending for other’s
The
Medi
a
Reporting the truth to the public Raise the awareness
towards the poverty issues. Helping to promoting
the how to reduce the poverty issues Gain people’s attention
and contributing in the help
Refe
renc
es
Bradshaw, T. (2006), Theories of Poverty and
Anti-poverty programs in community
development, Rural Poverty Research Center,
Working paper No. 06-05 Human Development Report (HDR) 2007,
Human Development index, United Nations
Development Program, viewed online 3 rd April
2012, http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/
human_development.htmO'Connor, A. (2001). Poverty Knowledge.
Princeton: Princeton University Press
Schiller, B. R. (1989). The Economics of
Poverty and Discrimination . Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice HallShah, A. (2010), Poverty Facts and Stats,
Global Issues, viewed online 2 rd April 2012,
http://www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-fact
s-and-stats