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Page 1: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Building the RISC-V Software Ecosystem

Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016

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Page 2: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Where I'm Coming From• On the hardware side

• Cut teeth on OpenCores, OpenRISC, OpenSPARC

• Designed an ISA that fourth-year CpE students were forced to implement

• Worked on DARPA CRASH/SAFE project

• Now, working on RISC-V security (tagging) extensions

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Page 3: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Where I'm Coming From• On the software side

• Gentoo Linux developer

• MINIX 3 developer

• Low-level kernel hacking on x86/amd64 and ARMv7/v8

• Now, FreeBSD/RISC-V

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Page 4: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

2016 is the Year of RISC-V Software

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Page 5: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

2016 is the Year of RISC-V Software

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Page 6: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Current Software Landscape• Several OS ports in progress

• Linux (Yocto/OpenEmbedded, Gentoo), FreeBSD, NetBSD, seL4

• Support primary open source toolchains

• Binutils, GCC, clang/LLVM

• Multiple software simulators

• Spike, QEMU, Angel

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Page 7: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Landscape as of 12/31/16 (With Your Help)

• Upstreamed GNU toolchain and QEMU

• More mature clang/LLVM support

• Upstreamed OS support

• Debian/RISC-V port

• Start thinking about Android and a real-time OS

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Page 8: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

How do we get there?

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Page 9: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

How We Get There (My Take)

• Recruit more RISC-V developers

• Reduce startup costs for new developers

• More docs, more specs

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Page 10: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

We need more people writing RISC-V software.

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Page 11: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Who is Contributing Now?

11

Universities

University of California, Berkeley University of Cambridge

Texas Tech University ETH Zurich

Cornell University North Carolina State University

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

Companies

Bluespec Google

LG Electronics BAE Systems

SRI VectorBlox

OSS Projects

Gentoo Debian

FreeBSD NetBSD

Also, many individual contributors

48 contributors to RISC-V GitHub from:

Page 12: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Attracting Developers• Present talks/tutorials at developer conferences and

local user group meetings

• Potential targets: OSCon, Linuxcon, BSD events, LLVM Developer Summit

• My efforts: EuroBSDCon, BLU, ESC (if accepted)

• Encourage current RISC-V users to submit pull requests

• Including PRs for in-house patches

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Page 13: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

How many of you have sent a GitHub pull

request?

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Page 14: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

My First Pull Request

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Page 15: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Attracting Developers• Fund developers/projects via the Foundation

• Possible models: Linaro, Linux Foundation, FreeBSD Foundation

• Apply to be a Google Summer of Code 2016 mentoring organization

• Update the list of open bugs and feature requests in GitHub

• Track contribution statistics (See Linux Kernel survey)

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Page 16: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Reducing new developer startup costs

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Page 17: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Setting up ARMv8• Install cross-toolchain and QEMU

$ sudo apt-get install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu qemu-system-arm qemu-user-static

• Download OpenEmbedded LAMP stack VM image from Linaro

$ wget http://releases.linaro.org/openembedded/aarch64/latest/vexpress64-openembedded_lamp-armv8-gcc-5.2_20151120-735.img.gz

• Boot OpenEmbedded in QEMU (system mode)

$ qemu-system-aarch64 ... -drive if=none,id=image,file=vexpress64-openembedded_lamp-armv8-gcc-5.2_20151120-735.img

• Cross-build and run ARMv8 binary in QEMU (user mode)

$ aarch64-linux-unknown-gnu-gcc -static -o hello hello.c && ./hello

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Page 18: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Improving RISC-V Setup

• Debian packages for toolchain and QEMU

• Upstream everything: Toolchain, kernel, QEMU, OpenEmbedded, Gentoo, various packages

• Regular snapshots of OS images

• Near term: Switch GCC, Binutils, and Linux kernel over to git repos tracking upstream

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Page 19: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

QEMU vs Spike• Spike is great for prototyping hardware features

• QEMU is a better tool for software development

• Solid device support (e.g., network, disk)

• Handy debugging features (e.g., GDB stub, monitor console)

• More familiar to software folks

• Faster emulation

• Advanced features (e.g., snapshots)

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Page 20: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

More docs, more specs

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Page 21: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Defining the RISC-V Platform• Devices

• Interrupt controller - BERI PIC as start?

• DMA

• IOMMU

• Performance counters

• Debugging (e.g., JTAG, trace)

• Power management

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Page 22: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Specifying RISC-V Systems• Platform specification

• Critical for OS developers

• ARMv8 Server Base System Architecture (SBSA) worth a skim

• Boot architecture

• ARMv8 Server Base Boot Requirements (SBBR) worth a skim

• Device configuration: Device Tree, ACPI

• Bootloader/firmware: u-boot, coreboot, UEFI (TianoCore)

• RISC-V ABI

• Hypervisor and Security

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Page 23: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Documentation Needed

• RISC-V Assembly Guide

• Something like ARM Cortex-A Programmer's Guide

• New Contributors Guide

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Page 24: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Let's make 2016 the year of RISC-V software

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Page 25: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Where You Can Help• Recruiting developers

• Upstreaming

• clang/LLVM

• QEMU

• OS ports

• Docs and platform specs

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Page 26: Building the RISC-V Software EcosystemBuilding the RISC-V Software Ecosystem Arun Thomas, BAE Systems 3rd RISC-V Workshop, January 2016 1. Where I'm Coming From ... • MINIX 3 developer

Questions?

• Contact: [email protected]

• See you in Boston for the 4th RISC-V workshop!

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mailto:[email protected]

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