building systems with integrity
TRANSCRIPT
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Paul DowneyTechnical Architect Government Digital Service @psd
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GDS@psd
Confidentiality Availability Integrity
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Integrity of InformationMost of the public discussion regarding cyber threats has focused on the confidentiality and availability of information; cyber espionage undermines confidentiality, whereas denial-of-service operations and data deletion attacks undermine availability. In the future, however, we might also see more cyber operations that will change or manipulate electronic information in order to compromise its integrity (i.e. accuracy and reliability) instead of deleting it or disrupting access to it. Decision making by senior government officials (civilian and military), corporate executives, investors, or others will be impaired if they cannot trust theinformation they are receiving.
— Worldwide Threat Assessment of the US Intelligence Community, Senate Armed Services Committee, February 26, 2015
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GDS@psd
Blood group
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GDS@psd
“Integrity, i.e. accuracy and reliability”
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GDS@psd
Molly Dishman & Martin Fowler on agile architecture:
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GDS@psd
“Architecture is about things which are hard to change”
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GDS@psd
“complexity comes from irreversibility”
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GDS@psd
“remove things from the system which are hard to change”
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It’s quite difficult to unboil an egg
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GDS@psd
Integrity: things you want to be difficult to change break
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GDS@psd
We need to talk about rotting …
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memorandum mori
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GDS@psd
Big data Open data Linked data Raw data
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GDS@psd
Data proliferation (1977)
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GDS@psd
Data ≈ stuff
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GDS@psd
Sturgeon’s revelation (law)
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GDS@psd
Data warehousing
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GDS@psd
Software ≈ stuff you can easily change that does stuff to stuff
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GDS@psd
Work out what’s needed
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GDS@psd
1. Start with needs 2. Do less 3. Design with data 4. Do the hard work to make it simple 5. Iterate. Then iterate again. 6. This is for everyone 7. Understand context 8. Build things people can build on 9. Be consistent, not uniform 10. Make things open: it makes things better
Design Principles
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Start with needs*
* user needs, not government needs
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36
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GDS@psd
Registers: important lists of things
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GDS@psd
Government has a lot of registers:
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GDS@psd
companies, charities, trade unions, courts, schools, universities, hospitals, zoos, circuses, inspections, licences, certificates, births, marriages, deaths, electoral roll, insolvencies, bankruptcies, passports, animal passports, drivers, vehicles, land parcels, land ownership, land use, legal boundaries, awards, tax rates, benefits, livestock movements, flood risk, river levels, companies, fish caught, patents, trademarks, designs, non-native invasive plants, bank holidays, clock changes …
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GDS@psd
things people need to be able to trust
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GDS@psd
and government is the canonical official source
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GDS@psd
“An alternative to scurrilous gossip & rumour”
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GDS@psd
Integrity: being honest and having strong principles
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GDS@psd
The systems we build should reflect our values
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GDS@psd
“As Chief Registrar of Foo, I need to know the Foo system of record hasn’t been tampered with”
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GDS@psd
IOW: Should be tamper proof
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GDS@psd
https://www.gov.uk
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Design with Data
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Psychic paper
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GDS@psd
“As someone with an interest in Foo I need to know a Foo record came from the Foo Registry and it hasn’t been tampered with”
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GDS@psd
IOW: provenance is important
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A digital signature is …
I am me I agree!&
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Simon Wardley http://blog.gardeviance.org/
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http://blog.gardeviance.org/2013/03/basics-repeated-again.html
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http://blog.gardeviance.org/2013/03/basics-repeated-again.html
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GDS@psd
Choosing technology
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GDS@psd
The main thing is you must be able to change your mind
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GDS@psd
The Web is rotting
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GDS@psd
The Web is links
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GDS@psd
Link rot
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GDS@psd
Url shortenersAbuseTransnational lawBlockingAdvertisingPrivacy and securityAdditional layer of complexity
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GDS@psd
Purl — Persistent uniform resource locator
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GDS@psd
http://
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https://adactio.com/journal/tags/preservation
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It must be gov, yeah, yeah!
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No link left behind!
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Do less
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Use the HTTP:
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GDS@psd
Stuff rots
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Writing law demands a certain level of commitment from goats, calves and sheep
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GDS@psd
Horcruxes?
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GDS@psd
Backups!
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GDS@psd
Physical media
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My precious!
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GDS@psd
Robot tape libraries
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GDS@psd
Computers rot and fail
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GDS@psd
Bitrot
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GDS@psd
Digital dark ages
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GDS@psd
Digital obsolescence
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GDS@psd
Digital dark ages
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BBC Doomsday project
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https://github.com/digital-preservation
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GDS@psd
Rotten data
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GDS@psd
Cruft?
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GDS@psd
People inject entropy
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“People stuff up, but if you really want to stuff up you need a computer”
– Anon
GDS@psd
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“If you really want to stuff things up, add more people”
– (paraphrasing Fred Brooks)
GDS@psd
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P.E.B.C.A.K
GDS@psd
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GDS@psd
Can you turn it on and off again?
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Autonomy Mastery Purpose
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GDS@psd
Learn from your* mistakes
* collective noun
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GDS@psd
“Anyone who’s worked with technology at any scale is familiar with failure. Failure cares not about the architecture designs you slave over, the code you write and review, or the alerts and metrics you meticulously pore through.”
— John Allspaw, Blameless Post Mortems and a Just Culture
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GDS@psd
Do things that scare you, often
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GDS
gdstechnology.blog.gov.uk/2015/02/06/running-a-game-day-for-gov-uk/
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GDS@psd
Fight the entropy!
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GDS@psd
Ship of Theseus
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ISE Shrine– Clay Shirky, Here comes everybody
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GDS@psd
Facts don’t rot!
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GDS@psd
Architecture
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Do the hard work to make it simple
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Knocking down the Towers of SIAM
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Register appliance
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Certificate transparency
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Merkle tree magic
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redecentralize.org
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Build in the context of your domain, organisation The Web
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Paul DowneyTechnical Architect Government Digital Service @psd