building of tomorrow hans-günther schwarz austrian federal ministry of transport, innovation and...
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BuilBuilding of Tomorrowding of Tomorrow
Hans-Günther SchwarzHans-Günther Schwarz
Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport, Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport,
Innovation and TechnologyInnovation and Technology
(based on a presentation by Herbert Greisberger, (based on a presentation by Herbert Greisberger,
Austrian Society for Environment and Technology, ÖGUT)
Hans-Günther SChwarz | RD&D Programme “Building of Tomorrow”, Federal Ministry of Transport, Innovation and Technology, Austria
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• Background of building energy technology
• RD&D programme “Building of Tomorrow” (Austria)
– Concept, demonstration sites and outcomes
• Further options and needs in building R&D policy
Outline
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• Industry – Economic growth fuels higher demand for goods and services– A need for novel basic processes in energy intensive industry
• Transport – Limited social acceptance for demand measures– Hydrogen, electric propulsion, bio-fuels
• Buildings – Passive houses offer higher comfort with low energy demand– Efficient technologies based on renewables available
=> The buildings sector is the most promising area for increasing energy efficiency and lowering CO2 impact
Energy Efficiency Potential
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• Low private R&D investments in % of turnover
• Fragmented industry; mostly SME; lack of innovation
• Energy demand is not a main driver in building R&D
• Very limited international competition in building industry
• Few countries run R&D programmes for building technologies
• Ongoing R&D focuses on incremental improvements
• Nevertheless: sustainable building energy technologies have been developed in recent years
Building energy technology - background construction industry – low R&D investments
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RD&D Programme “Building of Tomorrow” state of the art and aims (1999)
Energy efficiency
Passive house
technology
Low energy solar house
Renewable energy
Ecological building materials and
systems
Building ecology, Re-newable raw
materials
User and ser-vice aspects:
comfort, aging, multifunctional
Comparable invest-costs
Building of
Tomorrow
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Aim of “Building of Tomorrow” an example
Innovative residential, offices, commercial buildings considerable reduction of energy & material consumption substantial use of renewable sources of energy and renewable and
ecologically sound materials taking into account social aspects and cost efficiency high market potential
“Building of Tomorrow” is a mission-oriented top-down programme covering basic research, applied research and demonstration projects;
Competitive calls and international evaluation of proposals implemented to secure quality of R&D
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Research Strategy “Building of Tomorrow” basic research, applied research and demonstration
Basic research of strategic importance
Building concepts with active involvement of companies
Basic research and applied research of research centres and industry
Concept-driven development of new technologies and components
Demonstration projects
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The outcome With regard to markets
rapid increase in passive houses since 2000rapid increase in passive houses since 2000 share of passive houses on all new buildings: share of passive houses on all new buildings:
4 % (2006); from almost zero in 2000 4 % (2006); from almost zero in 2000 by end of 2006: around 4,000 residential units (RE) with 10,000 passive by end of 2006: around 4,000 residential units (RE) with 10,000 passive
house residentshouse residents by end of 2007 more than 2000 buildings will have been built in Austria in by end of 2007 more than 2000 buildings will have been built in Austria in
passive house standard passive house standard Increasing demand for multi-family buildings Increasing demand for multi-family buildings Vienna: multi-family passive houses with 715 RE and 60,300 m² of useful Vienna: multi-family passive houses with 715 RE and 60,300 m² of useful
floor areafloor areasource: source: passive-house building database,passive-house building database, 463 buildings documented (10/2006) 463 buildings documented (10/2006) www.HAUSderZukunft.atwww.HAUSderZukunft.at
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Next Steps technologies to significantly reduce CO2-emissions
Demonstration sites will be evaluated
The results of the programme have been taken up by the programme “klima:aktiv buildings”; the programme aims at: 20% of sustainable buildings in 2009 25% of ventilation systems instead of conventional heating system
New R&D programme “building in 2050” Focus on renovation Design of a new generation of buildings
Increased effort of the industry to boost investments in R&D
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Lessons Learned Based on the experience of European programmes
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existing buildings low energy buildings Passive houses
energy demand for space heating
Energy efficiency & a reduction of CO2-emissions is possible
For all climates and building materials
At comparable investment costs and lower energy costs
With high social acceptance through increase of comfort
R&D in building technologies
Need of continuous public support
Are the basis for sustainable
markets in the building sector
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Future Options (I) For building technology policy
Target oriented R&D activities must be intensified Novel building concepts Including socio-economic research (esp. in renovation) Target oriented development of components and know-how
High efficient building technologies must be adopted to climes and local resources
International cooperation in R&D needs to be intensified
Various instruments are needed to overcome barriers to innovation in the construction industry
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Future Options (II) Future research needs
Next generation “new buildings which generate energy” Building integrated PV modules and thermal solar technologies Microturbines (10-500 kW) based on biomass, solar cooling Integration into the electricity system
Rethink the energy system based on sustainable buildings no need for district heating in new construction areas new approaches for the construction industry big buildings (sky scrapers) in passive house standard
Renovation of the existing building stock based on “factor 10 concepts” and technologies
=> R&D in building technologies has to play a vital role in any sustainable energy system
Basic research on socio-economic issues
Analyses of user behaviour
Analyses of acceptance of ecological energy efficient buildings
Opportunities and barriers of innovative buildings or technologies in context with market diffusion
Pro and contra aspects of IT in buildings (monitoring systems)
Accompanying measuresStrengthen the ecological aspects
Consultancy desk for planners and architects for the use of ecological materials
CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
Applied research, technologies & components
Strengthen the scientific basis Development or improvement of new technologies & components
Topics:
Innovative systems for solar heating of buildings and district heating
Efficient solar technologies and their multifunctional and esthetical integration into buildings
Innovative components (e.g. heat storage, windows, solar cooling)
Innovative components and elements on basis of renewable materials
CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
Example: Solid wood passive-house-window U-value (window): 0,78 W/m²K
Category: Applied research, technologies & components
Example: Facade-integrated solar collector for water and space heating
Category: Applied research, technologies & components
Innovative building concepts & demonstration objects
Planning and realising energy-efficient and ecological buildings
Integration of results from the basic studies and technologies & components
Innovative solutions will be realised
CriteriaCost efficiency
50 % use of renewable energy sources (solar energy, biomass, etc.)
Reduction of the total final energy demand required for heating, warm water and electrical household appliances to 42 kWh/m²a
High comfort for inhabitants
Increasing use of ecological or renewable materials (straw, loam, cork, ...)
CATEGORIES and EXAMPLES
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• Passive house standard for a multi family house complex – Use of new components and– Ecological materials
• Consideration of – Cost efficiency and – Acceptance by inhabitants
Building of Tomorrow – demonstration sitesSolar City Linz – Apartment complex
Office & exhibition building
Wall system: wood construction; insulation material: straw bale
Solar cooling system
Categories
Category: Office and Commercial BuildingsExample: Straw house in passive house standard
ZIELZIEL
Autarkic building maintenanceAutarkic building maintenance
Collection of rain water from roof Collection of rain water from roof
Warm water/flat thermal collectors integrated in the façadeWarm water/flat thermal collectors integrated in the façade
Electricity generated by 70m² of façade integrated photovoltaic panelsElectricity generated by 70m² of façade integrated photovoltaic panels
Category: Demonstration buildingsCategory: Demonstration buildings
ExampleExample: Ecological: Ecological alpine refuge hut, eastern part of the alps, alpine refuge hut, eastern part of the alps, Hochschwab area, Styria (2153 m)Hochschwab area, Styria (2153 m)
Further information, reports and data:
www.HAUSderzukunft.at
Hans-Günther Schwarz
Energy- and Environmental Technologies
Austrian Federal Ministry of Transport,
Innovation and Technology
Tel.: +43 1 71162 652920
E-Mail: [email protected]