building gender-inclusive value chains by sarah mills.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
Sarah Mills iDE UK Gender Programme Officer
Building Gender-inclusive Value Chains
ADB REGIONAL SEMINAR, Bangkok, 20-22 May 2015: WOMEN’S EMPLOYMENT, ENTREPRENEURSHIP & EMPOWERMENT:
MOVING FORWARD ON IMPERFECT PATHWAYS
The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of
Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence
of their use. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.
Value chains
Inputs Production
and processing
Marketing Consumer
Machinery
manufacturers; local
traders; extension
service providers
Farm to fork
Farmers;
cooperatives; wage
labourers
Farmers;
cooperatives;
intermediaries;
wholesalers; retailers
Making Markets work for the Poor (M4P)
• Developing market systems to
benefit poor rural communities
• Seeks to make markets more
inclusive of the poor,
effectively and sustainably
• External actors play temporary
and catalytic role
• Addresses causes of weak
market performance
• Gender and other forms of
social exclusion key here
Why Gender Equity in Value Chains?
Social Justice
Poverty reduction
Business opportunities
Women tend to be less integrated into
value chains
• Identify and strengthen weakest
links
• Distributions of power and
resources
Ultimately, gender equitable and
more inclusive value chains
improve their overall strength and
performance.
Gendered Value Chain Analysis AIM: integrate small scale female producers, processors, traders, and entrepreneurs into value chains to enhance their economic empowerment
• Focus on key subsectors and levels of VC • Where women are already active (production, processing, etc.) • Potential for women’s employment and entrepreneurship
• Identify key constraints
• Identify possible solutions
Who has what?
Who does what?
Who benefits?
Who decides?
Gender analysis
Resources
Agency, voice and
choice
Divisions of labour
• Economic and social
• Power/ redistribution of
• Potential negative
impacts
Constraints
• Socio-cultural
• Policy and regulation (e.g. inheritance,
land ownership)
• Access to/control over resources incl.
land, finance
• Low literacy/numeracy
• Lack of productive assets
• Mobility and time – access to markets
Possible Solutions to Improving WEE through VC support • Horizontal and vertical links and relationships
• Key VC support mechanisms • Technologies • Crops/products • Finance • Information • Skills training
• Enabling environment • Socio-cultural practices • Policies, regulations • Infrastructure, certification
iDE Nepal
• Openness to women’s participation
• High value crops – close to home
• Commercial pockets/collection centres
• 33-50% female representation in leadership roles
• Multiple use water systems (MUS); labour-saving technologies
• Community Business Facilitators – last mile distribution
Challenges
• Ensuring women engaged in whole design and delivery
process.
• Are value chains the most appropriate way to address gender inequalities?
• Designing and delivering whole-system programmes – engaging with other actors etc.
Summary
Value chain programmes that support gender equity goals:
• Understand men’s and women’s roles and relationships
• Foster equitable participation
• Address the distinctive needs of women
• Support women’s economic advancement
• Promote gender equitable market-driven solutions
• Design equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms
• Include men in defining the ‘problem’ and the solution
• VCs exist in gendered social structures and institutions