building construction 6. intro to building materials

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Building Construction Technology I Practical Session no. 6 21.05.2012 Answer these Questions: - Building material is : Any material which is used in construction of residential or commercial buildings. - The choice of building material depends on : o the size and nature of building, o its design, o intended purposes, o availability of resources o location. - Building materials can be classified into : natural, synthetic. - Write three facts for these materials : o Rocks: Easily, one of the most solid and durable material used in constructions, Rock is a very dense material so it gives a lot of protection too. o Wood : Wood is an aesthetically pleasing material that never goes out of trend completely, Wood obtained from certain plants is quite durable, however low quality wood is open to many extremities. o Plastic:

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Page 1: Building Construction 6. intro to building materials

Building Construction Technology IPractical Session no. 621.05.2012

Answer these Questions:

- Building material is : Any material which is used in construction of residential or commercial buildings.

- The choice of building material depends on :o the size and nature of building, o its design, o intended purposes, o availability of resources o location.

- Building materials can be classified into : natural, synthetic.

- Write three facts for these materials :o Rocks:

Easily, one of the most solid and durable material used in constructions,

Rock is a very dense material so it gives a lot of protection too.

o Wood : Wood is an aesthetically pleasing material that never goes out of

trend completely, Wood obtained from certain plants is quite durable, however low

quality wood is open to many extremities.

o Plastic: Plastics vary immensely in heat tolerance, hardness, and resiliency.

Combined with this adaptability, Plastic is a light, flexible substance, used mostly for piping in

buildings.

o Concrete:

o Glass :

Page 2: Building Construction 6. intro to building materials

Glassmaking is considered an art form as well as an industrial process or material.

Clear windows have been used since the invention of glass to cover small openings in a building.

The use of glass in architectural buildings has become very popular in the modern culture.

o Steel: It is strong, flexible, and if refined well and/or treated lasts a long

time.

o Mud and Clay: Mud and clay are the most commonly used materials in residential

buildings. Buildings made primarily of mud and clay can easily endure many

years. Using mud and clay in buildings is a very good option for warm

places

- Define :o Density : Ratio of the mass  of a substance to its volume, expressed, for

example, in units of grams per cubic centimeter or pounds per cubic foot. o Porosity : fraction is a measure of the void spaces in a materialo Shrinking and swelling: Swelling soils are soils or soft bedrock that

increase in volume as they get wet and shrink as they dry outo Melting point : point is the temperature at which a material goes from the

solid to the liquid state at one atmosphere.o Viscosity : is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being

deformed by either shear or tensile stresso Mechanical Properties: describe how it will react to physical forces.

o Hook’s law : For an elastic material, the strain is directly proportional to the stress.

o Stress: force causing the deformation

o Ductility: is a measure of how much deformation or strain a material can withstand before breaking

o Toughness: describes a material's resistance to fracture

o Elastic limit: is the highest stress at which all deformation strains are fully recoverable

o Strength:

Page 3: Building Construction 6. intro to building materials