9 September 2014Smartlife Low Carbon Centre,

Cambridge

Building a Resilient Environment

Agenda

• Business case and technical challenges

• Policy update on adaptation and planning

• Training tools

• SPECIAL Project

• Building Futures Project

Building a Resilient Environment

Driving Innovation

Design for Future ClimateAdaptable building strategies

Ian CooperProgramme Management Team, D4FC

Driving Innovation

InnovationThe successful exploitation

of new ideas

www.innovateuk.org

Driving Innovation5 Strategic Focus Areas

5

• Accelerating the journey - concept to commercialisation• Understanding the non-linear journey and how best to support

• Connecting the innovation landscape• Developing the strategic relationships we need in UK, EU & Int.

• Turning Government action into business opportunity• Where Government procures, regulates, standardises...

• Investing in theme areas based on global potential • Building a synergistic programme based on data driven choices

• Continuously improving Organisational capability• Impact assessment, metrics, measures, efficiency,

effectiveness..

Driving Innovation The ToolsetRange of Tools with different objectives / characteristics

Collaborative R&DSmart

Launchpad

Innovation Vouchers

Innovation and Knowledge

Centres

Entrepreneur Missions

Driving Innovation

Innovate UK - there to support business

AIMC4

Retrofit 4 Future

Building Performance Evaluation

Rethinking Build Process

Invest in Innovative Refurb

https://connect.innovateuk.org

Driving Innovation

Design for Future Climate: Adapting Buildings

£5m funding2010-14

Driving Innovation

Contracts to design phased adaptation strategies on case study new build and existing building projects to answer the following questions:

1. What is the risk exposure to future climate?

2. How to adapt the building now & the future?

3. When to implement adaptation measures?

Critical success factor

building a business case that convinced their client to implement agreed measures (ideally on a phased-basis) as when justifiable)

Design for Future Climate

Driving Innovation

Driving InnovationFramework for the adaption strategies

Bill Gething’s 2010 Report –www.innovateuk.org/ourstrategy/innovationplatforms/lowimpactbuilding/design-for-future-climate-report-.ashx

Driving InnovationUK = 1 deg C average rise since the 1970’s:

• Warmer, wetter winters• Hotter, drier summers• Rising sea levels• Increased frequency & extent of extreme weather

Climatic conditions are a moving target and the scale of the challenge varies by factors such as:

• Location• Type of building• Type of occupant• Use of building

There is no universal solution

Context

Driving InnovationWhat climate shall we design for?

CIBSE

Driving InnovationWhere shall we start?Trigger events to change design

Impact – duration, magnitude, recovery, recurrence

Driving Innovation

• Adaptation is more difficult in conversion/refurb than new build

• Post 1990, large, lightweight, extensive glazing, prone to overheating or expensive AC

• Older buildings tend to be smaller, heavyweight, and higher ventilation – controlled and uncontrolled

• Mitigation policies encouraging airtight, highly insulated buildings which retain heat gains

The challenges

Driving Innovation

• Tactics adopted by designers to persuade clients are important – missing skill sets here

• Market and regulatory drivers are weak

• Design teams are overly focused on overheating

• Chosen starting point/base line are important

• No ‘universal solution’ – each case needs to be individually investigated

• Modelling capacity is crucial

• Ability to translate results into something meaningful to client are critical

The Findings - Overall

Driving Innovation

Gale and Snowden

Design your way out of the problem?

Driving InnovationDesign your way out of the problem?

Gale and Snowden

Driving Innovation

Optimize building design now for the most effective phased transition to what will be needed in the future.

Developing a gradual adaptation strategy that makes use of maintenance cycles for timely, effective and proportionate upgrades.

Phased approach – Church View

Bauman Lyons

Driving Innovation

Design for Future Climate group – all project outputshttps://connect.innovateuk.org/web/design-for-future-climate

RIBA “Design for Future Climate”http://www.ribabookshops.com/

CIBSE TM55 D4FC Case Studies

Building a Resilient Future 2014 Conference

Memory sticks - Useful links to reports and guidance

Where to find out more ...

Driving Innovation

The Final Act

D4FC Legacy Report

http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130221185318/http://www.innovateuk.org/ourstrategy/innovationplatforms/lowimpactbuilding/design-for-future-climate-report-.ashx

Driving Innovation

http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130221185318/http://www.innovateuk.org/ourstrategy/innovationplatforms/lowimpactbuilding/design-for-future-climate-report-.ashx

Niche or mainstream? The business case for adapting buildings to climate change

Matthew ThompsonWilliam Gething

Ian Cooper

November 2014

Legacy document launch

Considers adaptation at the scale of individual buildings. It ties in to the UK Government’s National Adaptation Programme. It assumes that adaptation in the built environment is already urgent. It contains appendices, including information about the current legislative background, how to discuss climate change with clients, profiling buildings’ vulnerability, and business opportunities for design firms.

Aimed at:• clients• designers• policy makers and regulators

Driving Innovation

7 Key Messages

The market for design services to adapt buildings remains very limited

This is NOT an excuse for design professionals to do nothing.

Clients risk procuring stranded assets

Government must signal this is a critical issue

 At present, the industry has no adaptation plan to tackle climate change

Industry urgently needs educating in climate change adaptation

Need a programme of monitoring & evaluating climate adapted buildings

Niche or mainstream?The business case for adapting buildings to climate change

Driving Innovation

Building Designers• Incorporate the adaptation design process into project

management in the same way as, for example, health and safety.

• Develop authoritative index of climate-readiness for buildings to allow clients to promote their buildings’ credentials

• Institutions update standard terms and conditions for professional contracts and project management practice to account for climate change adaptation services – and provide CPD and training

Key recommendations

Driving Innovation

Clients and Industry• Collaborate (with construction industry) to produce new

advice for developing briefs that emphasize the needs of all financial and non-financial stakeholders

• Develop construction client decision-making tools that accommodate future uncertainty.

Makes key recommendations

Driving Innovation

Policy makers & Government

• Avoiding new legislation by coordinating updating of standards, planning and Building Regulations to accommodate climate change adaptation as soon as possible.

• Update standards & regulations for CC including using future weather data & modelling

• Maintain research in to CC to reduce uncertainty

• Use government procurement might to drive change by including CC considerations in its delivery & maintenance service

• Undertake a series of demonstrator projects to monitor & evaluate CC adapted buildings & infrastructure

Key recommendations

Driving Innovation

Cost-effective cooling of existing homes.There are relatively few studies that directly monitor indoor temperatures, but those that have suggest that there could be a substantial problem from overheating in the existing building stock (139). 80% of the homes that will exist in 2050 already exist (128).Air conditioning is likely to be a costly and inequitable cooling solution for both existing and new homes with poorer households unable to afford installation of air conditioners. This has been observed in US cities. (144)External shading and reducing internal heat gains are cost-effective to retrofit in existing homes compared to air conditioning, but the uptake of measures and public awareness is currently very low. The Government should consider how to build awareness of options and encourage their uptake through better information provision to householders.

Action point (132): UKCIP, Good Homes Alliance and NHBC to disseminate guidance on overheating risk

Passive cooling in new homesIncreasing standards for energy efficiency may also exacerbate current overheating risks in homes (146). For example, a recent small survey of 120 environmental health officers by the Good Homes Alliance identified 90 cases of overheating, 48% of which were in homes built after 2000. (140)Including passive cooling measures in buildings at the design stage is more cost-effective than retrofit, but the health benefits of these measures will fall to the householder while the developer incurs the up-front costs.The Government should review the evidence and evaluate options for a standard or other requirement on overheating.

Action point (132): DECC to review the Standard Assessment Procedure in relation to overheating.

Adaptation Sub Committee’s recommendationsProgress Report: Managing climate risks to wellbeing and the economy July 2014

Driving Innovation

FURTHER INFORMATION FROM:

w: www.innovateuk.org e: mark.wray@tsb.gov.ukm: 07825 112043

THANK YOU

Mike Malina

Building a Resilient EnvironmentThe Technical Challenges and adaptations for building services engineering

Research and Policy – realities and practice.

Our Industries evolution and its own adaptation.

It is estimated that 70-90% of energy decisionsare made at the ‘concept’ stage of a building,which will go on to affect the behaviour of thepeople who use it

10:80:10Ten per cent of the total lifetime cost of the average commercial building is invested in its construction. Eighty per cent is spent on operating the building for its time of use. The remainder of the total cost is in dismantling and demolition. This means that ninety per cent of a building’s costs are entirely influenced by its design, construction and operation.

What's the image – Sustainable Buildings 2050

Retrofit 90%

New Build 10%

The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE)

http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/approveddocuments/downloads

Thermal conditions for stressEffects of hot and cold stress

Humidity

Air quality and ventilationOutdoor air qualityIndoor air quality Indoor/outdoor - pollution linksVentilation effectivenessMicrobiological contaminants

Water qualityDrinking waterProcess and Industrial water

The acoustic environmentNoise due to building servicesand other sources

Energy requirement

The Technical Challenges and adaptations or building services engineering

Buildings with high balance temperatures are now less common because elevated internal temperatures are increasingly offset by higher internal gains, better standards of insulation, building air leakage prevention and heat recovery.

But – we are now moving towards a tippingPoint, where building environmental physics is going to need to be re-worked.

Principles of adaptation strategies

Principle Option

Switch off Reduce unnecessary heat gainsAbsorb Increase thermal massBlow away Introduce intelligent ventilation Cool Introduce active cooling - Night cooling

Energy Hierarchy - What Delivers an energy efficient Building?

Reduce the need for Energy in the buildings design

Use Energy more efficiently in the building – Controls – Use a Building Energy Management System (BEMS)

Supply Energy from Low Carbon and Renewable Sources where appropriate

Shorter Financial Payback LongerRemaining fossil fuels to be used as efficiently as possible and phased out as soon as practicable

More Environmental benefits Less

Energy Hierarchy - Ventilation

Natural Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation

Comfort Cooling

Increasing Cost and Complexity

Air Conditioning

Less Environmental Impact More

Mike

Malina

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Education and Awareness -

www.goo.gl/5pCHT

Mike Malina

Building a Resilient EnvironmentThe Technical Challenges and adaptations for building services engineering

Questions?

Building a Resilient Environment

Summary of Session

Building a Resilient Environment

Refreshments

Building a Resilient Environment

Policy landscape update

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Current drivers affecting the policy landscape

— National Adaptation Programme

— Adaptation Sub Committee Progress Report 2014

— National Planning Practice Guidance

— Review of building regulations and housing standards

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

National Adaptation Programme

— The National Adaptation Programme sets out what government, businesses and society are doing to become more climate ready, published July 2013.

— Provides adaptation objectives across 7 themes.

— Provides a comprehensive framework to tackle climate change adaptation in a coherent way.

— Local authorities have opportunities to help meet the adaptation objectives across all of the themes, but in particular Built Environment, Health and Wellbeing, Natural Environment and Local Government themes.

— The NAP also describes activities which can provide support to local authorities in their role to promote adaptation. For example, this project to develop training materials is a NAP action (see NAP para 57).

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Adaptation Sub Committee Progress Report 2014

— Published in July 2014

— Focuses on risks to:

— Infrastructure

— Business

— Public Health

— Emergency response

— Flooding

— Key findings:

— Overheating risks on health

— Increasing reliance on flood defences

— SMEs under prepared

— Some major infrastructure underprepared

— Uncertainties around preparedness of local emergency services

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

National Planning Practice Guidance

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

— New planning practice guidance to support the National Planning Policy Framework launched March 2014 on http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk.

— Includes guidance on climate change, flood risk and coastal change, water supply and quality and renewable energy.

— Guidance is clear that addressing climate change is one of the core land use planning principles which the NPPF expects to underpin both plan-making and decision-taking

— Areas covered by the climate change guidance include:

— How can adaptation and mitigation approaches be integrated?

— How can the challenges of climate change be addressed through the Local Plan?

— How can planning deal with the uncertainty of climate risks when promoting adaptation in particular developments?

— What evidence of risks arising from climate change is available for plan-making?

— Environment Agency guidance on climate change allowances is also provided on gov.uk

Review of building regulations and voluntary housing standards

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

— Aim: simplify regulations and standards related to house building - reducing costs and complexity

— A consultation on a revised housing standard was published July 2013

— Government announcement March 2014:

— A single set of standards as far as possible set through building regulations

— Scope for local standards set through local plans in some areas

— Otherwise LPAs should only require new standards in the review

— Compliance checked by building control

— Code for Sustainable Homes - wound down or elements in a voluntary code?

Planning Policy

Dr Hugh Ellis Chief Planner - TCPA

Building a Resilient Environment

Introduction to training tools

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Background

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

— A six part training series on planning and climate change.

— Target audience: local authority officers, elected officials and community groups involved in the planning process.

— Building on the work done by 5 of the Climate Change Partnerships under the Skills Fund.

— Hosted on the Climate UK website and developed in partnership with Climate Ready.

Training modules in the series

1. Explain and reinforce the statutory duties on local planning authorities to address climate change adaptation in planning.

2. Raise awareness and consideration of the cost of not adapting to climate change.

3. How green infrastructure can help to mitigate climate risks.

4. How to adapt buildings so that they are resilient to climate change and extreme weather

5. How community groups can address flood risk, water shortages and overheating during heat waves in their communities through their role in neighbourhood planning.

6. Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and supplementary planning guidance.

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

How to use the training materials

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

— Anyone with appropriate knowledge - most likely to be an local authority officer or local Climate Change Partnership officer.

— Presentations are a template:

— Include local branding as appropriate.

— Simplify or add detail to content depending on the audience.

— Already include range of case studies – but use local examples where you can

— Periodic updates by Climate UK / Climate Ready – but will need local review to ensure content is up to date.

— Provide us with your feedback!

Feedback so far…

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

— The event was useful because:

— Introduced slide packs, which in themselves are a useful resource

— Provided an opportunity for knowledge exchange and networking

— Provided a local case study on adaptation

— Areas for improvement for slide packs:

— More information on the costs of adaptation

— More case studies / a bank of case studies to illustrate adaptation in practice

— More interactive elements – using film clips and multiple choice questions for the audience

— Ensure engaging for different audiences e.g. elected members, developers, LEPs

Break out session

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Break Out Session – (30 Minutes)

Questions to discuss… (please record your comments )

1. What are the challenges to implementing adaptation strategy and measures in the built environment/in your work?

2. Using the Training Tools

• What are your first impressions? e.g. content, speakers notes, level of detail?

• How would you use the resources in your organisation? – e.g. team meetings, dedicated training session?

• How would the tools help address challenges around climate risks in your organisation? - e.g. Raise awareness/educate/motivate key groups?

• Who would you target them at? e.g. groups, individuals, networks…

• How might you tailor them or what local examples would you add in?

3. What else may help – what other support do you need? E.g. opportunities to network, tools, services, resources in order to progress this area of work

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Summing up and close

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Summing up and close

— Link to training materials on Climate UK website – http://climateuk.net/resource/building-resilient-environment-%E2%80%93-sector-tools-and-resources

— Please provide your feedback to Climate UK - info@climate.uk.net.

— Thank you for attending

Building a Resilient Environment

Climate Ready – sector tools and resources

Questions and Summary

Building a Resilient Environment

Lunch

Building a Resilient Environment