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Meeting Biosphere Reserves & Earth Resources ‐ February 15 /2011
Building a platform for discussion concerning sustainable Building a platform for discussion concerning sustainable practices for mining in the Espinhapractices for mining in the Espinhaçço Range Biosphere o Range Biosphere
ReserveReserve
Sergio Domingues (Coordinator Sergio Domingues (Coordinator -- Enviromentalist)Enviromentalist)Miguel Andrade (Deputy Coordinator Miguel Andrade (Deputy Coordinator --University) University) Julio Nery (Extractive Industries Association of Minas Gerais Julio Nery (Extractive Industries Association of Minas Gerais –– Vale SA) Vale SA)
State Committee of EspinhaState Committee of Espinhaçço Range Biosphere Reserveo Range Biosphere Reserve
Designated by UNESCO in 2005
Size: 3.076.457,8 hectares
The largest and most continuous Precambrian orogenic belt
Along the 1,000 km alternating elevations of 1,000 and 2.072m
Precipitation: 1.450 mm a 1.800 mm/year
Temperature: 20° e 21° C
Temperature: 13,5° e 15,5° C
53 local municipalities
Population: 7.000.000
Factfile:
Where is it? Where is it?
Country: Brazil
State: Minas Gerais
Area
Amazon
Cerrado
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Pantanal
The ER borders on 3 brazilian biomes and at the same time connects theme
Brasilian network of Biosphere Brasilian network of Biosphere ReservesReserves
7 Biosphere ReservesTotal of BRs : 1.300.000 km² = 15% of brasilian territory
Core Areas
What makes it unique? What makes it unique?
Rupestrian Fields
Extinction
Miguel Andrade ©
351 species in Rupestrian Fields
TOTAL: 3.076.457,8 ha
Core area: 204.522,14 ha
Buffer zone: 1.879.996,65 ha
Transition area: 99.939,01 ha
Urban area
69 Protected Areas
Genuine Cultural KaleidoscopeGenuine Cultural Kaleidoscope
The African, European and indigenous roots gots mixed, each inits own way, leaving their beliefs, flavors and manifestations in the practice of communities living in the area.
History of exploration
Espinhaço Range is emblematic of the brazilian economic exploration.
Imperial roadsEspinhhaço superimposed
Diamonds
Gold
1.500Pau-brasil
Sugar caneSoya
2011Iron ore
The main products for exportation since colonisation are:
Brazilian mineral productionBrazilian mineral productionMetallics and non metallics oreMetallics and non metallics ore
Iron Ore price evolucionIron Ore price evolucion
Brazil X World productionBrazil X World production
The Iron Ore production forecast The Iron Ore production forecast for 2013for 2013
no mining (23)Mining (30)
26
53 local municipalities
Iron Ore QuadrangleIron Ore QuadrangleMining tailings damMining tailings damEnvironmental Impact
Belo HorizonteMetropolitan Area5.000.000 inhabitants
Low Mediun High
QuadrilQuadriláátero Ferrtero FerrííferoferoMine PermitsMine Permits
Metropolitan Area
Iron Ore QuadrangleIron Ore QuadrangleProtected AreasProtected Areas
RoyaltiesRoyaltiesTotal Revenue minus Expenses of insurance and transportation Total Revenue minus Expenses of insurance and transportation
costs of products onlycosts of products only
Cobre 4,5%
Alumínio 7,5%
Rochas Ornamentais 1,9%
Outros 16,6%
Ferro 58,6%
Ouro 2,8% Calcário 1,9%Caulim 3,1%
Manganês 3,1%
2010 (Estimated) – R$ 1 billion
Taxas de expansão
I. Expansão em ritmo crescente
II. Expansão em ritmo
decrescente
III. Estabilidade com taxa de expansão próxima de zero
IV. Declínio com taxas negativas de expansão
ASCENSÃO AUGE MATURIDADE
Tempo
The life cycle of the mine
Expansion of production
Rise of extractionDecline
stabilization Expansion rate
Time
Iron Ore mineIron Ore mine
Challenges beyond the miningChallenges beyond the mining
Urbanization Artisanal Mining
Fires Eucaliptus
••Social MobilizationSocial Mobilization••CooperativesCooperatives••Production of native speciesProduction of native species••Rehabilitation of degraded Rehabilitation of degraded areasareas••Employment generation and Employment generation and incomeincome••EducationEducation••Valuation of traditional Valuation of traditional knowledgeknowledge••Local clusterLocal cluster••Environmental ConservationEnvironmental Conservation••Water productionWater production••Capacity BuildingCapacity Building
Good Practices
Integrating projects
Social dialogueMining
ProposalProposalPlatform for discussion concerning sustainable Platform for discussion concerning sustainable practices for miningpractices for mining
ThanksThanks