Build 5G Smart CitieS & tranSportation SyStemSEnable a faster, smarter, and sustainable future with 5G-transformed networks

AUTHORSSajid KhanDirector of Smart Cities Task Force, Internet of Things Group, Intel CorporationSunder VelamuriDirector of Technology and Strategy Planning, Intel Corporation

RESEARCH CONSULTANTSBridge Partners ConsultingHarbor Research

EXECUTIVE SPONSORSameer SharmaGlobal General Manager IoT (New Markets, Smart Cities, Intelligent Transportation), Intel Corporation

We’re already in the middle of a massive inflection point where AI, computer vision, edge computing, and 5G are coming together.

Sameer SharmaGLOBAL GENERAL MANAGER IoT INTEL CORPORATION

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ATLANTAAUSTINBOSTONCHARLOTTECHICAGOCINCINNATICLEVELAND COLUMBUS DALLAS DES MOINES DENVER DETROIT HOUSTON INDIANAPOLISJACKSONVILLE KANSAS CITYLAS VEGAS LITTLE ROCKLOS ANGELES

LOUISVILLE MEMPHIS MINNEAPOLISNASHVILLE NEW ORLEANSNEW YORK CITY OKLAHOMA CITY ORLANDO PHOENIX PROVIDENCERALEIGHSACRAMENTO SAN ANTONIO SAN DIEGOSAN FRANCISCO SAN JOSE SALT LAKE CITYWACO WASHINGTON DC

VANCOUVER, BC

MEXICO

SOUTH KOREA

BEIJINGSHENYANG

ZHENGZHOU

HANGZHOUGUIYANGFUZHOU

SHENZHEN

CHENGDU

AUSTRALIA

SRI LANKA

BAHRAINQATAR

KUWAIT

UAE

PHILIPPINES

SINGAPORE

THAILANDVIETNAM

IRAN

TURKEYAZERBAIJAN

EGYPT

SOUTH AFRICA

MOROCCO

ICELAND

PORTUGAL

FAROE ISLANDS

IRELAND

CHANNEL ISLANDS

FINLAND

POLAND

AUSTRIA

NEW ZEALAND

JAPAN

CHILE

ARGENTINA

uS CitieS

AMSTERDAM AVEIRO BARCELONA BARI BERLIN BRISTOL ESPOO GHENT L’AQUILA LONDON

MADRID MALAGA MATERA MILAN OULU PATRAS PRATO STOCKHOLM TALLINNTURIN

UK LONDON CARDIFF EDINBURGH BELFAST BIRMINGHAM MANCHESTER

SPAIN MADRID VALENCIA SEVILLE BARCELONA

SWITZERLAND BASEL BERN CHUR DAVOS GENEVA LAUSANNE ZURICH

european CitieS

uSa 5G will be available in at least 30 cities by the end of 2019

CARRIERS

Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile, Sprint europe European H2020 objectives require every country to launch 5G in at least one city by 2020

CROSS-NATIONAL REACH

Pilots underway in 20 cities aSia 5G service is active in South Korea and much of urban China

CHINESE 5G DEPLOYMENT TODAY

8 cities, including Beijing

20195G deployment expeCted in

the Future iS

urBanGrowth will demand rapid innovation in• Public Services• Public Safety• Transportation• Sustainability

68%55%

30%

1950 2018 2050SHARE OF GLOBAL POPULATION LIVING IN CITIES

5G enaBleS Smart CitieS & intelliGent tranSportation

ConneCt maSSive amountS oF SenSorS and deviCeS

aChieve uBiquitouS ConneCtivity

reduCe latenCy

utilize hiGher data rateS

enaBle real-time telemetry

Save enerGy

reduCe CoStS

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overviewMobile technology is taking a significant leap forward. Fifth-generation networks (5G) are transforming the way we use wireless devices in extraordinary ways. With increased speeds, reliability, and the ability to connect billions of devices, 5G opens up the possibility of uses and applications that will enable the Smart Cities of the future.1 Combined with artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G will dramatically change the way citizens live, work, and get around in the city of the future.

Compared to fourth-generation networks (4G) , 5G-transformed networks deliver 10X less latency, 50X more speed, and 1000X more capacity.2 Offering gigabit speeds and edge computing, 5G makes cities run smoother, safer, and smarter using real-time, data-backed insight to improve lives.

Urban environments are under mounting pressure to provide higher quality and more sustainable services, promote local economic competitiveness, reduce costs, improve public safety and transportation, and address congestion and environmental issues. As cities and municipalities have turned to technology to improve the lifestyles of their citizens, advances in 5G, IoT, and other technologies offer cities opportunities to enhance citizen experiences and services while building secure and sustainable urban environments designed to support a thriving economy. 5G provides the next wave of technological enhancements to better the lives of urban residents.

1 Intel 5G Economist2 Cisco, Cisco VNI Forecast and Methodology, 2016-2021.

Voice, limited coverage and mobility

1GanaloG

Basic internet, multimedia, smaller phones

3GmoBile data

High-speed data, smartphones

4GmoBile BroadBand

Better voice and coverage, text messaging

2GdiGital

extreme Speed, ConneCtivity, & reliaBility

Compared to 4G,5G tranSFormed networKS

will deliver

1000xmore CapaCity

50xmoreSpeed 10x

leSS latenCy

5G

Page 3 Infographic SourcesUnited Nations World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision.CNN. Looking for 5G? Here are the U.S. cities that have it. Apr 9, 2019.The Verge. Verizon names 20 more 5G cities, starts preorders for $1,300 Galaxy S10 5G. Apr 25, 2019.Tom’s Guide. T-Mobile 5G Rollout: Locations, Phones, Price and More. Apr 30, 2019.European 5G Observatory. 5G Cities. 2019.Lifewire. 5G Availability Around the World. May 22, 2019.Harbor Research Intel Smart Cities 2019 Hot Topics

Cisco, Cisco VNI Forecast and Methodology, 2016-2021.

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With 5G, Smart Cities achieve massive device connectivity, higher data rates, reduced latency, higher system capacity, energy savings, and cost reductions. It can enable wireless connectivity in unprecedented locations, ranging from mass transit, streetlights, and parking meters to sewer holes. IoT sensors can monitor everything from air quality to energy use, security, traffic patterns, and transportation. This technology can positively impact use cases involving automated mass transit, smart parking, crowd management, emergency response, building automation, environmental monitoring, public safety, fire detection, electrical power, and utilities distribution.

With ultra-low power connections, such as sensors for leak detection in water mains, 5G significantly lengthens the replacement cycle based on battery life. Since many of these devices are embedded in difficult-to-reach, often dangerous locations, wireless connectivity with ultra-low power usage can be key in enabling flexible design and on-the-fly reconfiguration.3

Meanwhile, systems like automated transportation and maintenance drones increasingly depend on real-time telemetry to function. 5G is more than a cellular network that provides connectivity to this broad range of technology; it is the connective fabric tying it all together, enabling operators to mine vast datasets for actionable insights that can prove crucial in achieving sustainable growth.3

5G offers city leaders the opportunity to modernize their core technology infrastructure and establish a new and better foundation to meet today’s growing demands for urban innovation. From network to cloud to device, Intel is leading the way in developing 5G technology that can help shape the future of connectivity. With proven leadership in wireless, computing, and the cloud, Intel is powering a transformation in how communities run.

3 Ericsson, 5G will be the platform for tomorrow’s smart cities

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teChnoloGy SummaryIn order for cities to benefit from the new technologies and become “smart”, they must be able to smoothly integrate cloud, edge, clients, new devices, and sensors through a 5G network. Intel is leading the way forward with partners and standards bodies to create a clear path for cities. This section examines what Intel is doing in these areas to enable cities to become smart.

Smart Parking

Shows open spots and trims traffic

Smart Kiosks

Sensors and local information for citizens

and businesses

Roadside Units

Facilitates vehicle-to-vehicle intelligence

Connected Cameras

Give first responders up-to-the-second information

Smart Stoplights

Senses how many cars are waiting and adjusts accordingly

5G Client

• Sensor

• Gateway

• Modem

• Antenna

City Dashboard

Monitors congestion and factors such as pollution levels to optimize traffic and reduce pollution

Telco datacenter

intel® arChiteCture, intel® FpGaS, intel® SoFtware, intel® SeCurity, intel® ai

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What is the edge?The placement of data

center-grade networks closer to end-point devices

NetworkIntel is a leader in driving network transformation and edge computing that’s needed to bring 5G to life. To set the stage for 5G, Intel is transforming purpose-built networks to become more agile, flexible, and scalable with Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV).

For Intel’s communications service provider customers, the work is already underway to lay the foundation for 5G and transform their communications infrastructure to SDN. This will enable more seamlessly connected, powerful, and intelligent 5G-ready networks than previous hardware-based networks. Leading service providers around the globe have made incredible progress in advancing SDN and NFV with solutions across the core network.

With the move to 5G, Intel is transforming the fundamental economics of service providers and enterprise. Intel® powered networks are AI ready—with the compute power to handle networking, cloud, and AI workloads. Transformed networks with powerful computing resources at the edge enable operators and cloud providers to intelligently deliver highly personalized services that can be monetized today and in the future.

CloudIntel’s history of leadership in cloud solutions is well known. The role of the cloud in 5G is critical. It can help make sense of the massive wave of data that the 5G era of connected everything will bring.

As cities and transportation systems connect more infrastructure to the cloud, they’re seeing a greater need for edge computing to perform predictive analytics and AI using data from sensors, cameras, and other sources. This can reduce latency, improve real-time responses, and relieve demand on network bandwidth for performance-hungry tasks, like computer vision. Solutions based on Intel® platforms deliver high performance at the edge and are ideal for onboard or on-premises servers and gateways. Cities can use Intel® platforms with specialized technologies to consolidate multiple systems into one while leaving enough room to add new functionalities as needed.

Smart deviCeS aCCeSS networK Core networK Cloud

IMPROVESSERVICE

CAPABILITIES

REDUCES APPLICATION

LATENCY

COMPLIES WITH DATA LOCALITYOPTIMIZES TCO

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IoT is also empowering new capabilities and opening up new possibilities. Intel is helping IoT innovations get to market faster, reducing solution complexity and defining how to derive actionable intelligence more quickly and securely. Intel® Compute technologies are hardened to support today’s IoT scenarios for smart cities and intelligent transportation.

The Intel® IoT Platform breaks down barriers to IoT adoption by offering a defined, repeatable foundation for how devices can connect and deliver trusted data to the cloud. And the Intel® Platform enables original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), systems integrators (SIs), and vertical industries to develop and deploy solutions. With 5G, more IoT devices can reliably and inexpensively connect data back to the cloud.

Clients5G transcends just connecting phones to connecting everything. Intel has been instrumental in delivering the technology and standards that define 5G radios and will continue to deliver processors that will power devices in the future— everything from PCs to cars to drones.

Intel is collaborating with some of the world’s leading PC manufacturers to create 5G-connected PCs that can offer anytime, anywhere connectivity at lightning speeds. Powered by Intel® Core™ processors, these mobile PCs optimize how users work and play on their devices from anywhere.

AIFrom edge computing to machine learning (ML) and AI, Intel technology offers rapid access to cloud content and computing power, delivered over intelligent, self-managed networks. Intel has the industry’s most comprehensive suite of hardware and software technologies that deliver broad capabilities and support diverse approaches for AI, including today’s AI applications and more complex AI tasks in the future.

Technologies supporting AI include:

• Intel® Xeon® Scalable processors: Powerful processors that can handle the broadest range of AI workloads including deep learning.

• Intel® FPGA: Real-time, programmable acceleration for deep learning inference workloads.

• Intel® Movidius™ Myriad™ VPU: Cutting-edge solutions for deploying on-device neural networks and computer vision applications at ultra-low power.

• Intel® Nervana™ Neural Network Processor (NNP): A new class of hardware, purpose-built for the most intensive deep-learning training and inference.

• Intel® Vision Accelerator Design products: Powerful, deep neural network inference for fast, accurate video analytics. Based on Intel® Movidius™ VPUs and Intel® Arria® 10 FPGAs, this technology helps meet the demands of computer vision applications at the edge and enables solution providers and their customers to take advantage of a wide spectrum of video analytics-based use cases.

Autonomous VehiclesAutonomous vehicles are one of the fastest growing technology areas impacting Smart Cities. 5G-ready connectivity in vehicles including cars, trucks, buses, trains, and ships is moving transportation to the center of the software-defined autonomous world. Intel is leading this autonomous growth, providing scalable, secure solutions from in-vehicle computing to interconnected devices in the cloud that accelerate the transition from Advanced Driver/Operator Assistance Systems (ADAS) to fully autonomous vehicles. Collaborations with Rolls-Royce for autonomous shipping and the BMW Group with Mobileye are helping create a platform for semi- and fully-autonomous driving.

More diverse applications

More heterogenous networks

More diverse devices

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The new Intel® Xeon® D-2100 processor delivers Intel’s groundbreaking datacenter processor architecture in a form factor optimized for flexible, scalable edge computing solutions such as autonomous vehicle platforms. Offering extended temperature and high power at the edge, the Intel® Xeon® D-2100 processor enables processing of sensor-fusion (radar, LIDAR, video) while running control algorithms. The Road Experience Management Platform (REM) offers a high definition (HD) mapping solution pioneered by Mobileye that uses data collected by REM-capable vehicles on roads to build maps that can be used as a key ingredient in ADAS and autonomous driving systems. By gathering data from vehicles currently on the road, these HD maps inform autonomous driving systems and ADAS software of actual conditions in near real-time. Current road status can then be determined with updates to/from the cloud. Mobileye is currently installed on nearly 19 million cars including vehicles from BMW, Volkswagen, Nissan, and more.

Developer EcosystemTo make it easier for developers to create the exciting 5G and services driving edge transformation, Intel is developing and making available an open reference software toolkit — Open Network Edge Services Software (OpenNESS) — that abstracts the complexity of the network and provides an easy button to Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) capabilities to the developer.

OpenNESS offers cloud and IoT developers an easy-to-use toolkit to develop and deploy applications at the network edge or on-premise edge locations. By abstracting complex networking technology, OpenNESS exposes standards-based APIs from 3GPP and ETSI Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) industry group to application developers. Using this software toolkit, applications can steer data traffic intended for the edge at 5G latencies. This abstracts the various network access terminations from developers and enables seamless movement of data and traffic from the devices to the edge and cloud and then back through an intelligent, scalable, and flexible network.

Industry PartnershipsIntel is working with industry partners to make 5G a reality across the network, cloud, and client. Through these partnerships, Intel is delivering the technology and solutions that can bring intelligence from the cloud to networks, the edge, and devices.

Intel also works with partners to drive 5G standards and trials that are fueled by Intel’s innovation and technology breakthroughs. These trial projects bring together the broader ecosystem to deliver the next wave of 5G usages by accelerating commercialization with CoSPs, CSPs, TEMs, OEMs, and customers.

Intel and Partners Join Forces for Aussie Esports over 5G Connection

Intel, Telstra, and Ericsson conducted one of the world’s first eSports professional gaming experiences over a live, ultra-low-latency 5G connection on Australia’s Gold Coast. The trial was conducted at the 2018 Intel Extreme Masters event in Sydney, Australia, where professional gamers experienced a wired-like experience over wireless.

Learn more

Intel and Ericsson Showcase 5G Readiness in China

Intel participated in testing with China Mobile, China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), and Ericsson to complete the first 5G 3.5GHz multi-vendor end-to-end interoperability test in Beijing, China. The trial utilized Ericsson’s 5G radio testbed and Intel’s 5G MTP, demonstrating excellent performance and stability.

Learn more

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Leading Standards & Collaboration Intel participates in hundreds of standards and industry groups worldwide, with leading positions in the ITU, 3GPP, ETSI, IEEE, and Wi-Fi Alliance, as well as key vertical industry associations. It has played a critical role in the finalization of the 5G NSA/SA NR standards. These 5G standards create the foundation for new and exciting use cases that will be part of the standards perspective beginning in 2021.

Intel contributed to the development of NSA 5G NR with proprietary research, reference designs, and insights from a range of trials. These contributions included specifications, coding, error correction, modulation, spatial sub-channelization, beamforming, reference symbol designs, radio link adaptation, and more. Intel also produced prototypes for use in the testing of pre-5G standards, including 5GTF. Those system stacks were, in essence, the parents of NSA and SA 5G NR. During this process, Intel collaborated with industry innovators like Ericsson and Nokia, and leading operators like AT&T, Korea Telecom, NTT Docomo, and Verizon. These solutions will support a variety of use cases, including PCs, mobile phones, fixed wireless CPE, and even vehicles.

leaderShip in induStry GroupS

...and many more

20192017 2021StandardS 2018 2020Rel-14

EndRel-15

Early DropRel-15

Regular DropRel-15

Late Drop Rel-16 Rel-17

802.11ax/ay Final Spec.

802.11ay WFA Cert.

802.11ax WFA Cert.

802.11ay Draft 1.0

802.11ay Draft 2.0

802.11ax Draft 2.0

Rel-16 enhances Rel-15 NR capabilities, completing critical features in areas including IAB (integrated access and backhaul), mobility, NR V2X, & NR Unlicensed

Rel-17 is in early stage of discussion. The main areas of interest include NR beyond 52.6GHz support, which may impact PHY design

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trendSThe Future Is UrbanBy 2050, 60 percent of the global population will live in cities.4 Growth will demand rapid innovation in public services, transportation, public safety, and conservation. City proliferation is at the heart of this growth with an expected 41 megacities (cities with more than 10 million inhabitants) by 2030, up from 28 in 2014.5

5G Smart Cities Are GrowingBillions of IoT sensors gather and transmit information, with 40 percent of the accumulation coming from urban areas.6 5G technology enables the machine-to-machine communications and ultra-low latency required to open up the potential opportunities for cities to drive insights from data. Cities are already realizing the power of data computed at the edge to make better and faster decisions. Although predictions vary, it’s estimated that 66 percent of U.S. cities currently use smart technologies7 and that global Smart City technology investment will nearly double in the next few years to $158 billion by 2022.8

4 United Nations World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision.5 The United Nations: The World’s Cities in 2018.6 Cisco, Can Smart City Infrastructure Alleviate the Strain of City Growth? July 20177 National League of Cities, Cities and the Innovation Economy: Perceptions of Local Leaders, 20178 IDC, Worldwide Semiannual Smart Cities Spending Guide, July 2018

National League of Cities, Cities and the Innovation Economy: Perceptions of Local Leaders, 2017.

IDC, Worldwide Semiannual Smart Cities Spending Guide, July 2018.

BoominG populationS CreatinG City SurGe By 2025

6.4B 2.6x67.1t

growth in urban

Passenger kilometers traveled on transit vehicles/year.²

people will live in urban areas.

of the world’s population.¹

58%

They are responsible for

of energy-related carbon impact.³

80%Cities today collectively consume

75%of the world’s energy

mobility demand by 2050, exploding to

Sources:

Frost & Sullivan. Sense and the City. The Application of Internet of Things Technologies for a More Sensible City. 30 Jul 2014.

Arthur D. Little & UITP. Future of Urban Mobility 2.0. January 2014.

Frost & Sullivan. The Application of Internet of Things Technologies for a More Sensible City. 30 Jul 2014.

$158 BillionBy 2022Global smart city technology investment will nearly double in the next few years

66%of U.S. cities use smart technologies

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5G Enables Intelligent TransportationTransportation systems are struggling to keep pace with the demands of our global, connected economy. As more people inhabit the globe, they travel more than ever before and use multiple modes of transport. Import and export of goods and services represented a staggering 72 percent of world gross domestic product (GDP) in 2017.9 5G, IoT, and AI enable intelligent transportation innovations that help cities and regional transportation authorities modernize their core technology and infrastructure to meet growing demands for trade, economic development, reliable public transit, and other essential citizen services.

5G Transforms Cities5G will have a ripple effect that will transform the way we live, work, and play, ushering in a wave of innovation in data-centric applications and services, all enabled with Intel® technologies. It’s not just an evolution, it’s a transformation. 5G can support a broad range of devices and use cases, delivering faster speeds, lower latency, and significantly more capacity as well as creating exponential growth in the number of connected things, while launching new business models and categories leveraging data insights to drive economic value. Intel is powering the first wave of 5G in cities. These networks are AI-ready, infused with intelligence from the edge to the cloud, and capable of handling compute-intensive workloads of cities and transportation systems. 5G has already gone live in cities in Europe, North America, South America, Asia, and Africa.

9 World Bank. Trade (% of GDP).

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ChallenGeSCity governments and transportation leaders are planning 5G deployments as innovative solution to help achieve new goals, investments, and policies across five primary areas:

By 2020, Smart Cities are expected to generate 16.5 zettabytes of data from IoT implementations across public services, utilities, transportation, buildings, and infrastructure.10 5G is ideal in helping Smart Cities manage this explosive growth in data. Their ‘slicing’ capabilities enable cities to manage different levels of data bandwidth to classes of devices, systems, and users. It also offers the opportunity to use AI to analyze the massive amounts of data being collected by a city. The resulting data can be used to automate processes that are currently done manually.11

10 Harbor Research Intel Smart Cities 2019 Hot Topics11 ZDNet: How 5G Will Make Smart Cities a Reality, Feb 2019.

eConomiC Growth and StaBilityMaking the right investments in services and technology to enable a competitive city for economic development and growth.

SupportinG CiviC enGaGementWorking with citizens to provide services requests, city information,

community networks, and better engagement with city leaders.

SCalinG phySiCal inFraStruCture.Aligning on the priorities for physical infrastructure where digital services can provide for greater efficiencies in services, cost-effective scale and higher usage rates at the right time and place.

environmental StewardShip Ensuring alignment with international, national, and regional goals to improve

air, water, green space, recycling, and waste management outcomes.

puBliC SaFety and SeCurity Enhancing and assisting law enforcement and citizen safety to build trust with citizens. City leaders want to know that any new technologies they implement and the resulting data they collect will help improve the safety of citizens and improve the overall community.

Smart City ChallenGeS

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Managing the unpredictability of new technology may pose a challenge for city governments and leaders. As cities grow, resources could spread thin, forcing leaders to carefully manage the challenges of complexity. In addition, the market may create confusion about 5G, as providers may claim to provide 5G before achieving requirements for true 5G as defined by international standards bodies.

Intel is paving the way for disruptive new technologies by driving standards, pursuing spectrum advocacy, prototyping, trialing, and engaging with the 5G ecosystem. To that end, Intel participates in more than 300 standards groups worldwide, holding leading positions in the ITU, 3GPP, and IEEE among others. Intel also provides proprietary research, reference designs, and insights from dozens of trials in order to make 5G a reality.

5G enables a diverse set of use cases and applications, each with different requirements in terms of spectrum. As the technology and government leaders continue to make decisions on which spectrum to use for 5G services, Intel is working with industry groups like the GSMA and governments around the world to ensure there is adequate spectrum to fulfill the potential of 5G.

As the global standard for 5G, 5G New Radio (NR) specifications pave the way for the speedy implementation of new services based on this transformative technology. Intel plays a pivotal role in accelerating the development of 5G NR with ecosystem partners around the world.

CitieS Generate more datapuBliC SaFety

Emergency Response ServicesVideo Surveillance

Access Control

Smart liGhtinGStreet Lighting Management

liFe SaFetyGas/Chemical Detection

Fire Detection

other Smart SoCial ServiCeS

HealthcareEducation

Tourism

water SyStemSWater Extraction, Processing, and TransportWater and Gas metering

eleCtriCityRenewable Power Gen. Conventional Power Gen.Smart GridSmart Metering

moBility & puBliC tranSportationGround (rail & car)MarineAir

tranSportation inFraStruCture Traffic Management Toll CollectionParking Systems Charging and Refueling

BuildinGSCommercial IndustrialInstitutional Residential

puBliC venueSBorders and Ports of EntryTransportation Venues Stadiums

inFraStruCture monitorinGStructural Health Monitoring

environment monitorinG Air Pollution Monitoring

Natural Disaster Detection

tran

Sporta

tion

BuildinGS inFraStruCture

puBliC ServiCeS

utilitieS

16.5zettaByteSSmart Cities Data

forecast in 2020

23.9%22.4%

25.8%13.1%

14.8%

Source: Harbor Research Hot Topics

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opportunityUrban areas are the center for economic and societal change. In the next 15 years, cities will add 1.5 billion residents. 5G will connect them to services and each other12 with the speed and bandwidth to handle and process the influx of data generated by IoT deployments and process it in real-time. Because of this extraordinary potential, 5G can help cities do more with the same amount of budget.

The use of 5G with Smart Cities can generate significant cost savings for cities. For example, it can improve the management of vehicle traffic and electrical grids, producing savings through reductions in energy usage, traffic congestion, and fuel costs. This means that commute times could shrink, public safety could improve, and significant smart grid efficiencies could be realized.

5G Smart Cities also move faster. By 2025, more than 55 percent of all data generated will come from IoT devices.13 Analyzing such data from connected cars, street sensors, city cameras — even parking spots — will optimize transportation networks in real-time. City dashboards will monitor congestion and factors such as pollution levels to optimize traffic and reduce environmental pollution. Smart stoplights will sense how many cars are waiting and adjust accordingly. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) will merge data from cameras, stoplights, and street sensors to increase efficiency. Connected cameras will give first responders up-to-the-second information. Smart parking will show open spots and trim traffic.

12 United Nations Population Fund, October 2016 13 IDC white paper, sponsored by Seagate, Data Age 2025, April 2017

How 5G Makes Cities SmartCities are investing in 5G to

achieve several key benefits:

COST SAVINGS Connected technologies

can spread insight, enabling governments to combine

resources.

ENGAGEMENT Enhanced two-way

communications with residents can improve public policies, safety, and transportation.

DECISION MAKING Vast amounts of data creates

opportunities for AI and automation to deliver better

public services.

PREPARATION FOR THE FUTURE Proactive solutions help

communities better plan for population growth, connectivity,

and complexities.

ConneCted tranSportationUses live traffic data to maximize capacity and improve public safety

data-BaCKed deCiSionS

Draw from precise measurements and powerful analytics for

better city planning

Smart utilitieSCollect usage data citywide to predict demand, manage resources, and promote conservation

open dataEmpowers the app economy and

uses edge computing for live guidance on transit, construction,

public safety, and more

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Smart meters help homes and

utilities conserve power

Pollution sensors update neighborhoods on air quality

24/7 water monitoring

detects lead and other health

threats

IoT trash cans track waste

and encourage recycling

Connected lighting systems

reduce energy costs and CO2

emissions

Commuting data delivers insights

for more effective public transit

5G Smart Cities are also sustainable. Cities use two-thirds of the world’s energy and generate 70 percent of greenhouse gasses. With 5G-connected technology, urban areas will lead the green transformation.14 Smart meters will help homes and utilities conserve power. 24/7 water monitoring will help detect lead and other health threats. Connected lighting systems will help reduce energy costs and CO2 emissions. Pollution sensors will update neighborhoods on air quality. IoT trash cans will help track waste and encourage recycling. Commuting data will deliver insights for more effective public transit.

14 The World Bank, Urban Development Overview, October 2018

By 2025, more than 55% of all data generated will come from IoT devices. Analyzing such data from connected cars, street sensors, city cameras—even parking spots—will optimize transportation networks in real-time.

5G Smart CitieS

move FaSter

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uSe CaSeS5G enables a diverse set of use cases and applications. With the data collection and processing power to more efficiently monitor and control city resources and transportation systems, 5G helps cities and transportation leaders provide improved services. The top three categories of use cases across the globe are:

• Public safety. People want to feel safe and be safe.• Mobility. People and goods need to move easily and efficiently from one point to another.• Sustainability. People want to ensure basics like clean air and water.

Public Safety

Incident DetectionIn a Smart City with 5G, a 5G-connected streetlight with a video camera or microphone sensor for gunfire detection can provide information to public safety officials so that they can respond faster. Video analytics can deliver quick insight. AI can be added to enhance safety. First responders can benefit from low-latency 5G video cameras around a city to assess situations. A 5G-connected ambulance can move freely through a city by being connected to a network communicating with traffic signals and can communicate with doctors at the hospital’s trauma center while en route.15

Emergency ResponseIn a 5G Smart City, when an emergency is detected, a system can trigger several emergency response actions, including faster deployment of first responders, medical teams, and firefighters to the precise location of the emergency. In addition, when a fire is detected, the system can automatically close fire shutters and turn on fire sprinklers wherever necessary. Fires can be detected by building sensors, which send an alarm to the Building Management System. The Building Management System sends commands to the actuators in the building. 5G can also enable faster response times — fire sprinklers can be turned on within 1 to 2 seconds from the time the fire is detected.

15 ZDNet: How 5G Will Make Smart Cities a Reality, Feb 2019.

mmWave RRH Operator Network

BBU

Remote Monitoring

FlexRAN LTE

L1, L2, L3

FlexRAN 5GNR UE Emulator

LTE RRH

Wi-Fi AP

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Sensor MonitoringSensor networks aim at monitoring the state or behavior of a particular environment. An environment is typically monitored using various types of sensors such as microphones, CO2 sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, and thermometers. These sensors usually form a distributed monitoring system used to detect anomalies in the data by leveraging ML algorithms. Sensor networks facilitate the complex task of monitoring an environment to detect potential hazards, operational failures, malfunctions, and more. This can aid in improving safety by automatically triggering a specified response, such as a machine’s emergency stop, in case of the detection of a critical problem.

Crowd ManagementSmart Cities can monitor closed-circuit television (CCTV) streams for enforcing restricted zones at various locations across a city. The local cameras implement motion detection, and on detection of motion in their field of view, they livestream to the video monitor for analysis. Remote analysis can be based on object and facial recognition to deliver informational alerts to the city authorities for guiding security responses. 5G ensures that video streams have sufficient guaranteed quality of service to remain at a high quality (i.e. no UE rate adaptation), consistent latency and throughput to prevent buffering, and that the video stream is routed in such a way as to avoid network video optimization functions, which would otherwise compress the feed, making analysis more difficult.

Mobility

Road TrafficUnderpinned by the speed and data flexibility of 5G, cities can completely transform their traffic systems. This is already starting to occur as ride sharing replaces traditional transportation options. A study by MIT found that New York City traffic could be reduced by 75 percent by ride sharing.16 Smart Cities and the algorithms that power them can create new efficiencies throughout all aspects of urban life. The addition of 5G also makes fully autonomous vehicles a real possibility. When all vehicles in a city are level-5 autonomous (the highest level possible—meaning no wheel, no pedal, and no option for a driver to take control), vehicles will be able to talk to vehicles with effectively no latency.17

16 MIT News: How ride-sharing can improve traffic, save money, and help the environment. Jan 4, 2017.17 ZDNet: How 5G Will Make Smart Cities a Reality, Feb 2019.

NETWORK & DEVICE MANAGEMENT

TOYOTA E-PALETTE WITH 5G

OPERATIONS, CONTROL, & SUPERVISION

MEC

EDGE PROCESSING

IOT ANALYTICS

FLEXRAN

CORE NETWORK

CDN

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Rail-Bound Mass TransitMass transit operators are working to keep the attractiveness of public transport high, but they face key challenges. These include growing traffic, both in terms of passenger flow and the number of and frequency of mass transit vehicles; the need to ensure passenger safety and security; improvement of travel comfort, including delivery of real-time multimedia information and access to the internet (social networks, etc.) — in stations and on trains. 5G can help city leaders address these transit challenges and enable driverless metro systems. In fact, the number of driverless metro lines worldwide already exceeds 100, and this number is expected to grow.18

Sustainability

Building AutomationBuilding automation refers to the management of equipment in buildings such as heaters, coolers, and ventilators. Automation of such systems helps reduce energy consumption, enhances the comfort level of people inside the building and improves the handling of failure and emergency situations. Sensors installed in the building perform environmental measurements and report these measurements to Local Controllers (LC). LCs, in turn, report these results to a Building Management System (BMS). A BMS can then execute different operations including storing the information, sending alarms, or sending commands to an actuator (for example, a command to increase room temperature or turn on a light).

Environmental MonitoringWith 5G, Smart Cities can enable more efficient recycling, waste management, air-quality monitoring, and water-quality assurance. Air quality is a leading environmental cause of death worldwide.19 Being able to track and respond to pollution levels, provide clean water, and create healthier living environments has the potential to dramatically improve quality of life for city residents. These cumulative benefits help influence the vibrant personality of the city, its investment climate, and potential growth.

18 Railway Technology: Around the world: 1,000km of fully automated metros. Jun 25, 2018.19 World Health Organication: Air Pollution.

operationS, Control, and SuperviSion 5G private (loCal) networK deviCeS (5G ClientS)

Cloud ServiCeS

AGVs, Robots, Machines

HMI and User Access

MEC, FlexRAN, IOT Gateways

NETWORK & DEVICE MANAGEMENT

IOT ANALYTICS

CORE NETWORK

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Electrical Power DistributionThe energy sector is currently evolving towards renewable energy, with power plants based on solar and wind power emerging globally. These changes lead to bi-directional electricity flows and increase the dynamics of the power system. New sensors and actuators are being deployed in the power system to efficiently monitor and control the volatile conditions of the grid, requiring real-time information exchange. The smart grid enhances insight into the grid as a power network and a system of systems. Enhanced insight improves controllability and predictability, both of which drive improved operation and economic performance and serve as prerequisites for the sustainable and scalable integration of renewables into the grid and the potential transition to new grid architectures. Smart Grid benefits spread across a broad spectrum generally include improvements in power reliability and quality, grid resiliency, power usage optimization, operational insights, renewable integration, insight into energy usage, and safety and security. 5G also provides the opportunity to utilize grid-scale batteries more effectively, smoothing out the highly-variable load on a grid, resulting in much more efficient use of fossil fuels.

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5G trialSThe Intel® 5G Mobile Trial Platform (MTP) is helping manufacturers, operators, and other ecosystem players around the world become agile in addressing emerging requirements for IoT, enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), and Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC). Launched in 2016, Intel’s 5G MTP was the first widely available trialing platform and has been key to setting standards and driving the industry closer to commercialization. Intel has used its cutting-edge MTP to bring 5G technology out of the lab and into the field, one trial at a time.

5G trial SpotliGhtSmart StadiumSituation: With thousands of fans in the same stadium uploading high-resolution photos to their favorite social media sites at the same time, today’s networks are often overwhelmed.

Solution: 5G technology can impact the way fans experience large-scale live events, like concerts or professional ballgames. Using a 5G network offering high bandwidth and low latency, fans gain a personalized experience from the moment of entry into the venue. This technology can also be applied to everyday life, from retail shopping to livability in an entire city.

Result: Smart stadiums lead fans straight to the best possible available parking space. Entrance queues move faster because security screening is augmented by AI. Tickets are scanned automatically off phones in fans’ pockets as they enter, while their favorite food and drink requests are submitted and delivered straight to their seats. The stadium’s custom app would provide exclusive, up-to-the-second stories about fans’ individual favorite performers, players, action in the arena, and even let them view the action from a variety of angles throughout the venue, giving them the ability to be the director of their own personalized experiences.

VERIZON • INDIANA1st VR Over 5G at Speedway

AT&T • NEW YORK1st 4K Golf Broadcast at US Open

AT&T • TEXAS1st US 5G Fixed Wireless Trials

KT • SOUTH KOREA1st Broad-scale 5G Deployment at Olympics

NTT DOCOMO • TOKYOFirst 5G Connected Car in Japan

MTS • RUSSIA1st VR Gaming between 2 PCs

TELIA • ESTONIA EU SUMMIT1st 5G Industrial Trial in EMEA

TELSTRA • AUSTRALIA, GOLD COAST1st eSports Gaming Over 5G

CHINA TELECOM1st 8K Video Over 5G

CHINA UNICOM1st Smart Stadium in China

CMCC1st 3.5GHz 5G IODT in China

HUAWEI1st 3GPP Rel. 15 5G NR IODT

CollaBoratinG in 50+ 5G trialS around the GloBe

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5G trial SpotliGhtConnected CarsSituation: Intel and NTT DOCOMO have partnered with leading companies to develop new services for connected cars based on 5G technologies. Since May, DOCOMO has been operating 5G trial sites to let everyday customers view and experience emerging 5G technologies that may be incorporated into new products and services in the future.

Solution: Intel and NTT DOCOMO conducted a joint trial for a 5G-connected car with Toyota and Ericsson along Tokyo’s Odaiba waterfront. The trial involved a moving vehicle mounted with an Intel® GOTM 5G Automotive Platform terminal and equipped with a compact on-board antenna head designed for connected car trials.

Result: Traveling at a speed of 30 km/h through a 5G trial environment constructed by DOCOMO in the Odaiba area, with multiple Ericsson base stations and Cloud-RAN, the vehicle successfully streamed live 4K video at data speeds of up to 1 Gbps downlink/600 Mbps uplink, demonstrating 5G’s unprecedented ultra-high speed data rates, extra-low latency, and massive connectivity. The technology was also demonstrated at the National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation (Miraikan) in Tokyo as part of DOCOMO R&D Open House.

5G trial SpotliGht2020 Tokyo OlympicsSituation: As a Worldwide TOP Partner, Intel works with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to reimagine the future of the Olympic Games through new levels of fan interaction. Beginning with the 2018 Olympic Winter Games in PyeongChang, Intel has focused on infusing 5G platforms, virtual reality (VR), 3D, and 360-degree content development platforms, AI platforms, and drones, along with other silicon solutions to enhance the Olympic Games.

Solution: Intel is collaborating with NTT DOCOMO, a National Partner of Tokyo 2020, to provide 5G technologies supporting network infrastructure, connectivity, and collaboration on new experiences for the upcoming 2020 Olympic Games. Intel’s 5G technologies and infrastructure platforms will help develop gigabit connectivity, new mobility solutions, more immersive viewership experiences, cutting-edge Smart City applications, and advanced broadcasting services.

Result: Smart City sensors and fully-connected cars will change the way fans physically move through the city of Tokyo. Because of heightened intelligence in devices and at the edge, the 5G network will tackle unique data-intensive workloads, such as pervasive facial recognition, which can be useful for everything from stadium access to threat reduction. Intel and other Olympic partners may offer the latest iteration of 5G communications for vehicles, which already have achieved data speeds of up to 1 Gbps for 4K-resolution video communications with a vehicle traveling at 30 km/h. And with high-resolution video, viewers can expect 360-degree, 8K-video streams that may showcase real-time action across high-resolution devices at Olympic venues. Athletes will also gain a new edge from 5G as they train and compete with access to rich data and analytics. Wearables, smart eHealth equipment, and AR/VR simulations — all optimized over 5G — could leverage AI to help competitors step up their game.

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SolutionSThe Intel® IoT Market Ready Solutions program helps members of a broad ecosystem of partners strengthen their delivery of Smart City solutions through unique support and scaling opportunities. These solutions give customers scalable, repeatable, end-to-end solutions specially designed for cities. That means less time, cost, and risk. These solutions are made up of sensors, edge hardware, software, cloud, and analytics from across the IoT ecosystem.

marKet ready SolutionCisco & Davra Mass Transit Solution The Cisco and Davra Mass Transit Solution is a dynamic estimated time of arrival (ETA) system that responds to changing variables to keep riders informed of schedule changes and arrival times. Information is shared on digital signage at all bus and train stations and on the transit vehicles themselves. In addition to the ETAs, the configuration supports a passenger announcement (PA) system to bus or train depots and stations throughout the city.

Cisco, Davra, and Intel have formed a strong partnership to bring together different pieces of the value chain to enable business outcomes for mass transit. Davra brings the software element and analytics algorithms. Intel offers the compute engine that is running the Cisco ruggedized gateway routers. Because the data-driven IoT system requires interoperability, integration, and connectivity between disparate hardware and software components, as well as the transit system assets (from trains and buses to legacy infrastructure), the multiplayer ecosystem collaboration is critical to developing and piloting the Smart City solution.

The rich data and two-way communication system informs related MTS initiatives, such as predictive maintenance, increased monitoring of environments for security and safety, and near real-time display of alerts and notifications. Near real-time diagnostics gives the maintenance staff a window on train or bus operations and thresholds. Replacements can be installed proactively to prevent major service failures. Security cameras at stations enable data sharing with police and contribute to a more secure environment for travelers.

Key Benefits:

• Improve customer service by keeping riders informed of schedule changes and arrival times

• Share information on digital signage on transit vehicles and at bus and train stations

• Improve transit operations by gathering data for proactive diagnostics and maintenance

• Enhance cross-system monitoring to increase security, safety, and efficiency

For more information:

Solution

Website

Datasheet

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City & teleCom partnerShipSMany cities are already attracting private investment in 5G. They’re doing so by finding new ways to collaborate with network and equipment providers. Because 5G’s architecture is radically different from its earlier counterparts, today’s policies regarding oversight of mobile infrastructure are often obsolete or inefficient. Instead of the widely-spaced large cell towers of the past, 5G relies on smaller but denser configurations of shoebox-size antennae, many of which will be attached to existing buildings, streetlights, and utility poles. Local zoning, permitting, and other regulations may have been optimized for prior network architectures. Forward-thinking officials at the federal, state, and local levels are updating these processes for 5G, looking for new approaches that maximize community value and minimize delay.20

Barcelona, Spain5G Barcelona is a public-private initiative working towards transforming the metropolitan area of Barcelona into an open and neutral urban laboratory for the validation and adoption of 5G technologies and applications in a real environment. European telecommunications provider CellNex is collaborating with the Barcelona City Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, Mobile World Capital Barcelona, and other organizations to roll out a neutral 5G network across the city.

The initiative aims to enable innovative uses cases including emergency management with drones, tele-managed robotic platforms for factories, remote surgery and telemedicine, connected ambulances, and connected cars. Barcelona’s firefighting drone pilot project uses 5G technology to facilitate and optimize management of fires by capturing, processing, and transmitting data such as heat maps, geo-localized images, and the location of teams, which are beamed to emergency teams in real-time using drones and a dedicated broadband network. The objective is threefold: to reduce response times, monitor the situation in real time, and activate the appropriate and optimal resources to extinguish the fire.21

20 The Washington Post. How some cities are attracting 5G investments ahead of others. Feb 8, 2018.21 5G Barcelona. 2019.

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Sacramento, USAThe city of Sacramento, California became one of the first cities in the world to go live with the 5G wireless network in partnership with Verizon. By making available a high-speed, high-capacity telecommunications network, Sacramento expects to enable Smart City applications that will improve public safety and mobility. To make 5G use possible, the city entered a public/private partnership with Verizon in which the company installed intelligent traffic technology at problem-area intersections and set up Wi-Fi in parks.

According to the 2017 contract between the company and city, Sacramento is deferring up to $2 million in lease payments on Verizon’s 101 small-cell towers on city-owned assets over 10 years, while Verizon gets streamlined permit approvals for wireless and wired network deployments.22

Seoul, South KoreaThe South Korean government defined a nationwide 5G mobile strategy in 2014 to stimulate economic growth across the country. With a joint investment of KRW 1.6 trillion by both the government and the private sector, 26 organizations are part of the national 5G deployment project including private companies (operators, equipment vendors), research institutes, and universities.

Three of South Korea’s top telecom providers—SK Telecom, KT, and LG Uplus—began offering 5G services in April 2019. The providers agreed in 2018 to build a single 5G network nationwide to save money and time. Government officials expect to create 600,000 new jobs by 2026 thanks to 5G mobile technologies and hope to leverage the country’s first-adopter advantage in the sector globally. With 5G, South Korea seeks to enable a wide range of convergence industries including new forms of media for smartphones (such as VR and holograms), connected cars and autonomous driving, smart manufacturing (such as automated quality control and logistics robot transport solutions), and drone technology for remote delivery and precision agriculture.23

22 GCN. Sacramento gets ready for 5G test drive. Jan 3, 2019.23 Asia Times. South Korea unveils national strategy for 5G. Apr 15, 2019.

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GettinG StartedLeading a city through strategic innovation and transformation is a continual journey, critical to the future of economic growth, citizen engagement, and effective delivery of city services. Defining and executing a Smart City strategy is neither straightforward nor without risks. However, city leaders can realize significant benefits by transforming an urban community into a Smart City.

With 5G ecosystems and technologies emerging rapidly, the time is now for cities to act. Initially, leaders should examine which services offer the greatest potential for the most valuable outcomes and benefits of 5G. Cities with 4G in place can start to experiment with potential services now to enable an easy transition to 5G. With 5G, the technology infrastructure scales at low cost.

Stakeholder participation and clear priorities are essential foundation points for building your plan. Leveraging experience working with many governments and cities worldwide, Intel is bringing together the right organizations and companies to deliver the necessary building blocks that city leaders can use to create an informed plan and start implementing 5G today.

How to Approach 5G Adoption

Explore 5G Smart City & Intelligent Transportation OpportunitiesExplore projects that can help address your city or region’s specific problems. Many cities focus on 5G-IoT projects in three main priority areas24:

• Enhance public safety through crime prevention and smarter crowd management

• Improve mobility by making transportation smarter, faster, and more efficient

• Increase sustainability to meet environmental goals and ensure public health

Deploy Cellular-based IoT ApplicationsBy deploying cellular-based IoT applications, city and transportation leaders can take a key step towards supporting an environment that cultivates smart innovations for all their citizens. This can help facilitate 5G infrastructure deployment while making communities more efficient and attractive to investments by telecom operators as well as other industries.

Partner with Telecom Providers to Deploy 5G5G presents a $619B opportunity for telecom operators to tap into new revenue streams emerging from the digitalization of cities, transportation, and industries by 2026.25 To accelerate infrastructure investment from telecom providers, improve the rollout process, and save time, city and transportation leaders can partner with providers to drive the evolution of their community towards 5G adoption. This may include collaboration with telecom providers to streamline permitting and processes, right-of-way applications, and fee structures.

Trial 3GPP 5G Technology for a Smart City IoT or Transportation System ApplicationIntel and its partners are paving the way for the next generation of wireless, computing, and the cloud, bringing the world into the smart, connected era of 5G. Together, Intel and industry leaders are working to develop, test, and deploy the technologies that will transform your city and transportation system. With its core technology solutions and strong partner ecosystem, Intel can help bring your vision to life through a 3GPP 5G application trial.

24 Harbor Research Intel Smart Cities 2019 Hot Topics25 The Guide to Capturing the 5G-IoT Business Potential

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Intel technologies features, and benefits depend on system configuration and may require enabled hardware, software, or service activation. Performance varies depending on system configuration. No computer system can be absolutely secure. Check with your system manufacturer or retailer to learn more at intel.com

Test document performance of components on a particular test, in specific systems. Differences in hardware, software, or configuration will affect actual performance. Consult other sources of information to evaluate performance as you consider your purchase. For more complete information about performance and benchmark results, visit intel.com/performance.

Optimization Notice: Intel’s compilers may or may not optimize to the same degree for non-Intel microprocessors for optimizations that are not unique to Intel microprocessors. These optimizations include SSE2, SSE3, and SSSE3 instruction sets and other optimizations. Intel does not guarantee the availability, functionality, or effectiveness of any optimization on microprocessors not manufactured by Intel. Microprocessor-dependent optimizations in this product are intended for use with Intel microprocessors. Certain optimizations not specific to Intel microarchitecture are reserved for Intel microprocessors. Please refer to the applicable product User and Reference Guides for more information regarding the specific instruction sets covered by this notice.

Software and workloads used in performance tests may have been optimized for performance only on Intel microprocessors. Performance tests, such as SYSmark and MobileMark, are measured using specific computer systems, components, software, operations and functions. Any change to any of those factors may cause the results to vary. You should consult other information and performance tests to assist you in fully evaluating your contemplated purchases, including the performance of that product when combined with other products. For more complete information visit: http://www.intel.com/performance Source: Intel measured as of August 2017.

Intel’s compilers may or may not optimize to the same degree for non-Intel microprocessors for optimizations that are not unique to Intel microprocessors. These optimizations include SSE2, SSE3, and SSSE3 instruction sets and other optimizations. Intel does not guarantee the availability, functionality, or effectiveness of any optimization on microprocessors not manufactured by Intel. Microprocessor-dependent optimizations in this product are intended for use with Intel microprocessors. Certain optimizations not specific to Intel microarchitecture are reserved for Intel microprocessors. Please refer to the applicable product User and Reference Guides for more information regarding the specific instruction sets covered by this notice.

Cost reduction scenarios described are intended as examples of how a given Intel-based product, in the specified circumstances and configurations, may affect future costs and provide cost savings. Circumstances will vary. Intel does not guarantee any costs or cost reduction.

Intel does not control or audit third-party benchmark data or the web sites referenced in this document. You should visit the referenced web site and confirm whether referenced data are accurate.

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Intel, the Intel logo, Arria, Atom, Core, Optane, Movidius, Myriad, Nervana, and Xeon are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and/or other countries.

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October 2019

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