Budgeting Indian Budgeting Indian

Nations Nations 1928-Present1928-Present

Kamisha Yazzie

Healthcare*In 1832 the first Congressional appropriation specifically for Indian Health care was put into affect because of smallpox.

*In 1910 Congress began funding BIA health care.

*In 1955 IHS was established under Public Health Services

*In 1976 Indian Health Care Improvement Care

Ways the IHS Helps

Network of hospitals, clinics, health stations

IHS, tribal, urban Indian health programs

Clinical, public health, and community services

Traditional Healing to Contemporary Medicine

Education

0The Merriam Report: The most fundamental need in Indian education is a change in point of view.

0American Indians are poorly educated.0 Intelligent testing was utilized to deny opportunity.0 In doing so, misconceptions are formed about the

adequacy of the American Indian.0Non-Indians stress the natural home setting in public

schools, but take a different approach to the minority.0Boarding schools: abuse, malnutrition, & child labor.

Bridging the gaps of cruelty and assimilationthrough Education.

General Economic Conditions0 Reservation Communities are still high in Poverty0 School Systems are Poor among State Standards0 Lack of Education & Higher Ed. Funding0 High Rates in Crime, Alcoholism, and Suicide0 Low Economic Development0 Unmet Federal Funds0 Broken Treaties, Agreements, & Ordinances

Indian Gaming (Casino) for some Tribes have allowed more Economic Development to take place & offer other availability to start programs.

I.H.S. & B.I.A. offer some employment for Native Americans who are qualified.

Pre-Encounter Era

0 http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=165168650 http://www.cwu.edu/~ectl/diversity/wastate/meriamreporteducation.pdf0 http://www.users.muohio.edu/johnso58/246SNboardingschools.html0 http://jaie.asu.edu/v18/V18S3sur.html0 http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2008/nativetrends/1_demographics.asp

0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2u3VOZ4n4aM&feature=fvwrel&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

0 Indigenous Wellness Research Institute0 www.iwri.com

0 Dr . Bonnie Duran University of Washington0 Native American Research Center for Health

www.narch.com