bud 1. douglas fir “christmas tree”, erect branches
TRANSCRIPT
BUD
1. Douglas Fir“Christmas tree”, erect branches
Douglas Fir 1 of 3 dominant trees, needles go all around the stem, cones with ‘rat tails’, pointed buds
Western Hemlock
Needles of 2 different lengths, flat spray, drooping top = Western Hemlock
2. Western Red Cedar
Western Red Cedar,
1 of 3 co-dominants in PNW,
Wetlands, scale-like leaves,
Tiny cones
Bigleaf Maple“5 fingers”
flowers
Branching Patterns
All Maples have Opposite Branching Patterns
Vine MapleOpposite branching 7-9 “fingers”
Winged seeds
Black Cottonwood
Black Cottonwoods live to about 100 years, and may drop their heavy branches at any time, hence their nickname “Widowmakers.”
Pacific or Coast Rhododendron Washington State Flower
Rhododendrondull evergreen
leaf
Red Alder: deciduous tree, simple leaves, wetlands
Red Alder – Alternate branching, simple leaves
Pacific Madrone
Likes drierSunny spots,Many have a fungal disease.
Willows• Wetlands,
facultative• Salicylic acid• Waxy or hairy
leaves• Good for
restoration as broken stems reroot
Pacific Willow
Piper's WillowPacific Willow
Native Wetland shrubs
Pacific Willow with flowering catkins
SHRUBS
Salal Shrub, native, evergreen, simple leaf, alternate branching, edible berries!
Oregon Grape
Shrub, compound evergreen leaf
Wild Rose/ Nooka Rose, shrub, compound leaf,
alternate branching
Wild Rose with ‘rose hips’
Wild Strawberry Native, Rose family
Salmonberry Rubus sp. Native, rose family
Salmonberry, edible fruit Rubus sp. Native
“Evil” Himalayan Blackberry, rose family
invasive non-native, compound 5-part leaflet, big thorns
Goats: Living Weed EatersInstead of herbicides, some people turn to goats to clear properties of invasive weeds.
Japanese Knotweed,
invasive non-native
Ocean SprayNative, alternate
branching, simple leaf
Ocean Spray
Goatsbeard
Elderberrycompound leaves, opposite branching
NinebarkAlternate branching, simple leaves!
Red flowering current
HERBS
Oxalis
Skunk CabbageNative Obligate wetland species. Height: 1-5 feet
Bleeding Heart
English Ivy - Invasive non-native, climbing trees
Reed canary grass is an invasive species in wetlands, three to six feet in height. It forms dense, single species stands that pose a major threat to many wetland ecosystems. The species grows so vigorously that it is able to inhibit and eliminate competing species .
Reed canary grass
Ferns and other spore reproducing plants + lichens
Swordfern likes upland soils, but maybe found near wetlands on a hummock of higher ground.
The dots under the Swordfern leaves are spores
Horsetails
Wetlands
Whorled branching
Spores for reproduction
Lichens- symbiosis of algae + fungi
the grey flakey stuff growing on the tree branches or on rocks
Sometimes lichens grow on rocks!