buchanan dtlawrencedesign final

8/13/2019 Buchanan DTLawrenceDesign Final

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Downtown Lawrence

Performance-Based Design Standards

Prepared For

The City of Lawrence, Kansas

Prepared By

Matt Buchanan, May 2013

M.U.P. Candidate, May 2014

School of Architecture, Design & Planning

University of Kansas


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Table of Contents

1. Introduction...5

Current Dilemmas..........6

Moving Forward..........8

2. The Mass Street District...9

Land-Use .....11

Bulk .......13

Faades ......15

Environmental .......18

Streetscape ...........19

Parking ....21

Signage....22

Financing Tools & Project

Prioritization.....24

3. The Warehouse Arts District....25

Land-Use ........27

Bulk ..........30

Faades .........32

Environmental .......35

Streetscape .......36

Parking ...........38

Signage ..........39


Prioritization.........41

4. The Riverside District..42

Land-Use .45

Bulk 46

Faades ..48

Environmental ...50

Streetscape 51

Parking .53

Signage....54


Prioritization.56

Appendices

A. Glossary of Terms...57B. Diagrams..64C. District Design Review

Boards...67

D. Downtown-wide ProjectPrioritization.69


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Figure 1.1: Historic buildings and tree-lined streets establish downtown Lawrencesdistinct sense of place

Image Source: danjdavis, Flickr

1. IntroductionDowntown Lawrence is defined by its quaint local boutiques and restaurants, walkable

tree-lined streets, live music, art, culture, and historic architecture. This vibrant

environment, which has become ardently cherished by Lawrence residents and visitors,

is the product of planners abilities to employ unique economic development

strategies, secure historical district designations, and write prudent urban design

guidelines. In their success of establishing a distinct sense of place, planners have

created an environment that may become more difficult to preserve as both

population and property demand increase over time.

The recent construction of three mid-rise mixed-use towers and a new proposal for a

mid-rise hotel demonstrate increased demand for various types of properties

downtown. The pressures to allow new and denser forms of development create

several serious questions for planners to address. While the mixture of land uses does not

conflict with established downtown uses, the density and design of new development

are deviations from traditional forms of development. These changes to the cherished

downtown neighborhood are viewed by some Lawrencians as dangerous threats tothe communitys long established image, atmosphere and identity.Herein lies the all-

encompassing dilemmashould future development be strictly controlled to preserve

downtown as we know it today, or should developers be given the flexibility to meet

property demand and maximize revenues? This plan addresses this issue by laying out a

clear path forward that protects what Lawrencians love most about their downtown,

while also encouraging smart and attractive new forms of development.


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Current DilemmasTraditionally, lot sizes, building dimensions, and setbacks in downtown Lawrence have

created an atmosphere akin to a small towns Main Street(Figure 1.1). As Lawrences

population increases, the demand for downtown property increases. Because of the

neighborhoods relatively small footprint, pressure to develop larger and taller buildings

is growing. Within recent years, higher density projects have been constructed orpropose (figures 1.2-1.4).

Many Lawrencians have vehemently opposed higher density development proposals

from occurring, arguing that the higher density buildings undermine downtowns small

town charm. Shadowing concerns from homeowners living near downtown have also

objected to these projects. Conversely, project proponents have argued that larger

and taller buildings increase prosperity downtown, resulting in greater tax revenues for

local government. All of these arguments are valid, and should guide future policies

that regulate density through restrictions on floor area ratio (FAR), lot coverage, building

height, and setbacks.

Figure 1.2: Image source: Treanor Architects Figure 1.3: Image source: City of Lawrence

Figure 1.4: Image source: Pbase.com

901 New Hampshire

(Figure 1.2), the

proposed Marriott Hotel

building (Figure 1.3) and

the Hobbs Taylor

Building (Figure 1.4),

contradict the lower

density development

pattern downtown has

historically exhibited.


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In addition to the density dilemma, concerns over urban design consistency and quality

demonstrate the need for new and more stringent policies. Traditionally, downtowns

image, atmosphere and identity have been strongly defined by common building

materials, architectural features, and historical significance. However, there are several

structures in downtown Lawrence that deviate from the traditional aesthetic

environment. While downtowns national historic district designation does help control

area urban design, more specific performance policies should be introduced to more

effectively protect and advance the aesthetic standards that define downtowns

current image, identity, and atmosphere.

The buildings pictured in figures 1.5-1.8 deviate from the traditional aesthetic standards that define

downtowns traditional image, identity and atmosphere, which is illustrated in Figure 1.1.

Figure 1.5 Image Source: Cannellfan,Flickr Figure 1.6 Image Source: costar.com

Figure 1.7 Image Source: Johnbalawan, Panoramio Figure 1.8 Image Source: Mrs. Mass


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Moving ForwardIn order to address rising population and property demands, while also working to

preserve downtowns current image, atmosphere,and identity, this planrecommends a

balanced approach to the outward and upward expansion of downtown Lawrence.

The expanded downtown will comprise three adjacent districts (Map 1.1), each

expressing its own distinct environment, circumscribed by varying floor area ratios (FAR),land uses, and performance-based policies. Such policies will be aimed to preserve

cherished established structures and urban forms in some areas, while guiding new

forms of development in other areas. This plan also aspires to augment established

neighborhood identities into the design of future development.

Map 1.1


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Figure 2.1Source: Colleen Prohaska, Pbase

Figure 2.2Source: Stephensre.com Figure 2.3Source: DanJDavis, Flickr Figure 2.4Source: fotoedge,

tumblr

Figures 2.1-2.4 illustrate the architectural and environmental features that define the Mass Street District

identity that should be emulated by future development.

2. The Mass Street DistrictThis district (Maps 2.1-2.3) will comprise the entire downtown footprint as we know it

today, as well as expand into some residential areas west of Kentucky Street and southsurrounding South Park. The boundaries for this design overlay district were drawn to

better manage the environs of the downtown historic district. All future development

and building modifications within the design overlay district will be subject to density

and design policies that conform and complement to the contributing properties of the

historic district. The districts expansion into nearby residential areas w ill allow for the

controlled and gradual redevelopment of certain properties into more intense uses,

whether multi-family residential, office, retail, or mixed uses.


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Te

nnessee

M

assachusetts

NewHampshire

Vermont

Ke

ntucky

Rh

odeIsland

Connecticut

N

ewYork

12th

9th

11th

10th

8th

7th

6th

Ohio

The Mass Street

District

North

.125 Mi .25 Mi

Map 2.1


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Mass Street Land-Use Requirements

Goal 2.1: Mixed-Uses

Promote a viable mix of uses that promote living, working, and

playing.

Policy 2.1.1: Mixed-use development shall provide office or

retail space on the ground level, and either multi-family

residential, office, or retail space on all upper levels.

Goal 2.2: Intensity

Minimize any adverse impacts that development or

redevelopment may have on single-family residential

neighborhoods surrounding the downtown

Policy 2.2.1: High intensity (greater than 5:1 FAR) commercial

or mixed-uses shall be buffered by lower intensity (1.25:1 or

lower FAR) uses such as green spaces, low intensity

commercial or medium intensity multi-family residential uses.

Goal 2.3: Downtown Living

Encourage a growing and diverse downtown residential

population

Policy 2.3.1: All future development in the district that

exceeds an FAR of 4:1 must comprise at least 50 percent

multi-family usage.



multi-family usage, 50 percent of which must be dedicated

as affordable housing.

Goal 2.4: Green Space

Preserve existing green spaces

Policy 2.4.1: Green spaces delineated in Map 2.2 of this plan

shall be preserved as such, and shall continue to be used for

public recreational purposes.

Appropriate

Land-Uses for the

Mass Street District

Figure 2.6Source: fansshare.com

Figure 2.5Source: Unl.edu

Figure 2.7Source:

Auntie Zooie, Flickr


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Connecticut

NewYork

12th

9th

11th

10th

8th

7th

6th

Tennessee

Massachusetts

Vermont

Kentucky

RhodeIslandN

ewHampshire

Ohio

Mass Street DistrictFuture Land-Use Map

North

.125 Mi .25 Mi

Single-Family ResidentialSingle-Family orMulti-Family ResidentialMixed-Use Retail, Office

and/or Multi-Family

ResidentialOffice or RetailGreen Space

InstitutionalMass Street District

Boundary

Map 2.2


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Map 2.3


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Figure 2.11Source: Mrs. Mass

Figure 2.12Source: Downtown

Campbellsville, KY

Mass Street District Faade Controls

Goal 2.7: Architectural Integrity

Strengthen neighborhood character by preserving or restoring

historic properties and ensuring that all future development

reflects the districts established design principles.

Policy 2.7.1: Alterations or additions to buildings listed as

contributing structures of the Lawrence Downtown Historic

District shall be conducted following The Secretary of the

Interiors Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

Policy 2.7.2: Materials, massing, colors, and detailing of the

original structure shall guide the design of additions or

alterations of historic structures.

Policy 2.7.3: Historic architectural features of historic buildings

shall be retained and repaired, rather than removed. If these

features are severely damaged, they shall be replaced with

features identical in appearance to the original features.

Policy 2.7.4: Where buildings within the block face establish

regular pattern of windows, floor height, or other building

details, new or remodeled buildings shall remain consistent

with these regular patterns.

Policy 2.7.5: Primary exterior building materials for new

construction shall include wood or masonry units (brick,

stone, tile, or split face alternate course concrete). If panelmaterials are used, each panel shall not exceed a maximum

of nine square feet.

Policy 2.7.6: New infill buildings or exterior renovations shall

exhibit only neo-classical architectural features.

Goal 2.8: Pedestrian Oriented Windows

Ensure retail visibility that supports the pedestrian-scale.

Policy 2.8.1: Street level facades, exluding single-family

homes, must exhibit a minimum of 60 percent transparentdisplay windows. Upper floor facades shall contain a

minimum of 40 percent transparent windows. Windows

fronting streets or the riverfront shall use transparent, non-

reflective and non-tinted materials.

Policy 2.8.2: Windows shall be vertically proportioned from a

3:2 to 2:1 height to width ratio.

Appropriate Faades for

the Mass Street District

Figure 2.13Source:

Mrs. Mass


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Mass Street District Faade Controls (Continued)

Goal 2.9: Pedestrian Orientated Design

Present visually interesting architectural features and patterns

designed to reduce mass and scale.

Policy 2.9.1: All faades must have a recognizable "base"

consisting of (but not limited to):

a. thicker walls, ledges or sills;

b. integrally textured, colored, and patterned materials

d. lighter or darker colored materials, mullions or panels;

e. cornices/caps

f. planters;

g. plinth treatments;

h. commercial property bases shall have display windows

which abide by Policy: 2.8.1-2.8.3.

Policy 2.9.2: All faades of buildings greater than four stories

in height must have a recognizable "middle" consisting of

(but not limited to):

a. Building middle cap;

b. integrally textured materials which differentiate from

the base and top;

c. integrally colored and patterned materials which

differentiate from the base and top;

d. lighter or darker colored material that differentiate

from the base and top;

e. windows which contrast from the base through

exposed lintels, sills, shape, and proportions.Overallwall composition within for Building Middles shall

contain at least 30%, but no more than 60% glazing. A

vertical proportion of window panes or window

openings (3:2 to 2:1 height: width ratio) shall be used.

Policy 2.9.3: All faades must have a recognizable "top"

consisting of (but not limited to):

a. cornice treatments, other than colored "stripes" or

"bands" alone, with integrally textured materials

b. sloping roof with overhangs and brackets;

c. stepped parapets.

Policy 2.9.4: Large areas of blank wall shall be avoided by

design accents such as windows, panels, pilasters, trellises,

murals or other faade articulations which will reduce the

overall scale appearance.



Figure 2.14 Source:St. Joseph, Missouri, Flickr

Figure 2.16 Source:

Planetware.com

Figure 2.15 Source: Foutch Bros.


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Mass Street District Faade Controls (Continued)

Policy 2.9.5: Awnings that overhang windows or entries on

street level facades shall be constructed of canvas or heavy

cloth, utilizing neutral colors.

Goal 2.10: Building Materials

Buildings should be made of high-quality and attractive

materials

Policy 2.10.1: All building sides, visible from primary and

secondary streets must include materials and design

characteristics consistent with those on the front. Use of

inferior or lesser quality materials for side facades is not

permitted.

Policy 2.10.2: Allowed faade building materials include:brick (traditional red-clay colors), stone, stucco, and non-

reflective glass (cumulative surface area of less than 40

percent of all exterior walls). The following materials are

expressly prohibited: vinyl siding, reflective glass, asphalt

siding, aluminum lap siding, wood siding, corrugated metal,

and siding grade plywood.

Policy 2.10.3: The design of accessory buildings shall reflect

and coordinate with the general style of architecture

inherent in the primary structure for the proposeddevelopment.



Figure 2.19 Source: St. Joseph,

Missouri CVB, Flickr

Street level display windows and

articulated architectural features

illustrated in Figure 2.19 demonstrate

how a large building should be

visually related to the human scale.

Figure 2.17 Source: Activerain.com

Figure 2.18 Source:

Davidsonnews.net


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Mass Street District Environmental Requirements

Goal 2.11: Shadows

Adverse shadow effects caused by multi-story properties should

be mitigated to ensure adequate sunlight.

Policy 2.11.1: A preliminary shadow analysis conducted by a

neutral third party consultant shall be required for all

proposed development greater than 45tall, in order for the

districts design review boardto determine if a shadow

threat on neighboring properties warrants additional

analysis.

Policy 2.11.2: Shadowing shall not be allowed to adversely

impact single-family residential districts or green spaces

delineated by Map 2.2. Adverse impacts shall be

determined by a shadow analysis conducted by a neutral

third party consultant.

Goal 2.12: Sustainability

Construct an environmentally sustainable built environment.

Policy 2.12.1: Parking structures with open top decks shall

integrate photovoltaic panels and/or roof gardens to

capture storm water runoff.

Policy 2.12.2: Buildings shall be permitted to integrate

photovoltaic panels and/or roof gardens to capture storm

water runoff.

Policy 2.12.3: Photovoltaic panels must not be visible from

the street.

Appropriate

Environmental Features

for the Mass Street District

Figure 2.20 Source: McGurn

Management Company

Figure 2.21 Source:

T0wnley.info


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Mass Street District Streetscape Requirements

Goal 2.13: Pedestrian Oriented Layout

Ensure a walkable, pedestrian oriented environment

Policy 2.13.1: A building or permitted projection may projectover the required sidewalk easement above a height of 40

and below a depth of 5 to accommodate street trees.

Policy 2.13.2: Streetscapes shall provide a minimum 6wide

continuous path of travel and 18-24 wide access zone next

to the curb, which includes a 6 curb and 12 wide granite

or brick edge band adjacent to the back of curb.

Policy 2.13.3 Streetscapes in commercial or mixed-use zoned

areas shall provide a minimum 10wide continuous path of

travel and 18-24 wide access zone next to the curb, which

includes a 6 curb and 12 wide brick edge band adjacent

to the back of curb.

Policy 2.13.4: All pedestrian level lighting shall be no higher

than 15 and down-lit. Light poles shall be in a historical style

light standard to be selected by the district design review

board.

Policy 2.13.5: Street trees shall be provided on all streets

(except on alleys) and shall be planted approximately 3 ft.

behind the curb line. Spacing should be an average of no

more than 30 ft. on center (measured per block face). Theminimum caliper size for each tree should be 3 in. and a

minimum of 12 ft. in height at planting. Species selected

should be native, drought and disease tolerant.

Goal 2.14: Pedestrian Amenities

Encourage street level activity that embraces art, culture, and

entertainment.

Policy 2.14.1: Space for outdoor dining, retail, or live music

may occur on any portion of the paved sidewalk provided a

minimum 6 wide continuous path of travel is maintained.

Policy 2.14.2: Bulb-outs shall be provided on every street

corner on Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire

streets between 6thand North Park streets. Bulb-outs must

provide space for sculpture or water feature, trash

receptacles, lighting, bike racks, and planters with ledge

seating (8 person minimum capacity).

Appropriate Streetscape

Elements for the


Figure2.25 Source:

South Bay Realty Pro

Figure 2.23 Source: Truth or

Consequences, Main Street

Figure 2.24 Source:

Hostilegospel, Tumblr


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Mass Street District Streetscape Requirements (Continued)

Policy 2.14.3: Space for seating shall be provided no more

than every 30 ft. on center (measured per block face)on

Vermont, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire streets

between 6thand North Park streets. Each block face shallprovide seating capacity for at least 25 people, including

bulb-out seating. Seating may be provided by benches,

planter ledges, fountain ledges, or street sculpture.

Policy 2.14.4: Street art shall be permitted provided a

minimum 6 wide continuous path of travel is maintained

and the street art is approved by the district design review

board.


Elements for the Mass

Street District

Figure 2.28 Source: naturalhistory.ku.edu

The vibrancy captured in Figure 2.28 should be replicated along Vermont, Massachusetts,and New Hampshire streets between 6thand North Park streets. This may be achieved

through providing ample seating, space for outdoor dining, street performers, art, and

bike/ped amenities. Figures B2 through B4 in Appendix B should be used as a guide for

streetscape development along the aforementioned streets.

Figure 2.27 Source:

Alloveralbany.com

Figure 2.26 Source:

Yelp.com


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Mass Street District Parking Requirements

Goal 2.15: Parking Arrangements

Provide ample on-street and off-street parking in places that

limit visibility and congestion as not to undermine the pedestrian

experience.

Policy 2.15.1: Surface lots are prohibited except for

residential properties (not mixed-use) with fewer than 25

dwelling units.

Policy 2.15.2: Except for on-street parking and the minimum

ground-level frontage required for access to garages and

loading, no parking or loading shall be visible on the ground

floor of any building faade that faces a retail street. Parking

structures shall provide habitable floor area along all retail

street frontages.

Policy 2.15.3: Parking, loading or circulation located above

the ground floor shall be lined by habitable floor area along

all street frontages. If the project developer demonstrates

that it is not feasible to line the parking with habitable space

above the ground floor, it shall be integrated into the design

of the building faade and abide by Policy 2.7 to 2.10.

Policy 2.15.4: Where parking above the ground floor that is

not lined with habitable space is permitted, a maximum of

three parking levels fronting on a public street shall be

allowed above the ground floor when FAR requirementspermit (sections 2.5-2.7).

Policy 2.15.5: Drive-through lanes are not permitted.

Goal 2.16: Structure Design

Parking structures will be visually appealing and blend in with

the surrounding built-environment.

Policy 2.16.1: Parking structures shall have an external skin

designed using the standards set forth in sections 2.7 to 2.10.

Policy 2.16.2: Elevator/stair corridors shall be located on

primary pedestrian corners and be highlighted

architecturally.

Policy 2.16.2: The design of public art and lighting shall be

integrated with the structures architecture to reinforce a

unique identity.

Appropriate Parking

Structures for the


Figure 2.28 Source:

Carl Walker

Figure 2.29 Source:

Peterlfrench, Flickriver


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Mass Street District Signage Controls

Goal 2.17: Pedestrian Oriented Signage

Signage type and positioning should suit a pedestrian-oriented

environment.

Policy 2.17.1: Wall signs shall not exceed 15 percent of the

exposed area of the wall on which they are located. Wall

signs shall not project beyond 6 from the wall surface.

Policy 2.17.2: Hanging signs will be limited to nine square feet

in area and may not project beyond four feet from the

building surface. Material used for fastening or supporting

hanging signs will be restricted to metals with porcelain

enamel, stainless steel, brass or bronze finished. Signs shall be

placed between eight and 12 feet above grade

Policy 2.17.3: Temporary window signs shall not exceed 10

percent of the window.

Policy 2.17.4: Temporary sandwich board signs (or A-frame

signs) shall be permitted as long as they do not interfere with

pedestrian movement or visibility along sidewalks.

Policy 2.17.5: Monument signs shall not exceed five feet in

height and 15 square feet in area. Monument signs in the

public right-of way shall not interfere with pedestrian

movement or visibility along sidewalks. Signs shall not block

motorists visibility along the sidewalk or roadway, or sightlines at entry driveways and circulation aisles will not be

blocked. Monument signs are prohibited on Vermont,

Massachusetts, and New Hampshire Streets between 6thand

North Park streets.

Policy 2.17.6: Projecting signs shall not project beyond 4 (6

for wall signs) from the building and shall be located at least

25 from other projecting signs to maximize visibility and

reduce visual clutter. Projecting signs shall be placed at a 90

degree angle from the building surface and shall be located

no lower than 8 from grade and no higher than the corniceor roof line.

Policy 2.17.7: The following types of signs shall be prohibited

within the district: billboards, digital signs, pole signs, portable

signs (except temporary signs listed in policies 2.17.3 and

2.17.4), rooftop signs, and any form of sign that flashes, flies,

inflates, internally illuminates or moves.

Appropriate

Signage for the


Figure 2.30 Source: Mrs. Mass

Figure 2.31 Source: Mrs. Mass

Figure 2.32 Source:

Earthbound Trading Co.

Figure 2.33 Source:

Blue Water Signs


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Mass Street District Signage Controls (Continued)

Goal 2.18: Signage Design

Sign quality should complement the district character.

Policy 2.18.1: Monument signs shallbe

accented withlandscaping equal to two square feet for every one square

foot of sign face and include a supporting base composed

of allowed building materials listed in Policy 2.10.2.

Policy 2.18.2: Sign materials shall be extremely durable.

Permissible materials include: painted or carved wood;

carved wooden letters; epoxy letters; galvanized sheet

metal; slate, marble, or sandstone; gold leaf; gilt, painted,

stained, or sandblasted glass; clear and colored acrylic;

neon; or stained glass. Paper and cloth signs shall be

prohibited for exterior use (except high quality, weather-

resistant canvas for awnings). Wood signs should be sealed

and maintained to prevent deterioration from moisture.

Policy 2.18.3: All new permanent signs (including awning

signs) shall be reviewed and approved by the district design

review board, as part of the sign permitting process. The

board shall approve signs based on whether they

complement or contribute to the district character as it has

been described by Chapter 2 of this document.

Goal 2.19: Signage Uniformity

Public signage should unify the district by exhibiting consistentdesign elements which promote the district identity.

Policy 2.19.1: Light poles, parking meters, banners, street

signage, way-finding markers, paving graphics, and any

other form of public signage shall be unique to the district by

exhibiting consistent traditional designs that complement

the districts historic integrity. Public signage shall be

approved by the district design review board.

Policy 2.19.2: Public signage identified in Policy 2.19.1 shall

exhibit traditional design through incorporating neutralcolors and one of the following fonts:

Policy 2.19.3: Nonconforming signage replacement shall be

amortized over 5 years upon the adoption of this plan.

Baskerville Old Face Bookman Old Style Goudy Old Style

Garamond Modern No. 20 Calisto MT

Appropriate

Signage for the


The following signs are

exempt from signage policy

due to their unique historical

contributions:

The Granada Theater Sign

Varsity Theater Sign

Figure 2.34 Source: Metro

Atlantic

Figure 2.35 Source: South

Beach St. Historic District


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Mass Street District Financing Tools & Project Prioritization

PriorityLevel Project Financing Tool

High District-Unified Way-finding System Business Improvement District (BID)

High Parking Garages Revenue Bonds, Transportation

Development District (TDD)

High Faade Improvement Revolving Loan

Fund

BID

Medium Bike Racks, Bike Awareness Street

Signage/Striping along Vermont,

Massachusetts, and New Hampshire

TDD, Transportation Alternatives

(TAP) Grant (if awarded)

Medium Public Bike Rental Program User Fees, TDD

Medium Sidewalk Seating/Planters, trashreceptacles along Vermont,

Massachusetts, and New Hampshire

BID

Medium District Unified Public Signage/Banners BID

Medium Undergrounding Utility Poles User Fees4% Utilities Bill Surcharge

City-wide (in cooperation with utility

companies)

Medium Plaza Space at 900 Massachusetts BID

Low Decorative Sidewalk Improvements

along Vermont, Massachusetts, and

New Hampshire



Low Public Sculpture/Art along Vermont,Massachusetts, and New Hampshire

BID

Low Decorative Street Improvements

along Vermont, Massachusetts, and

New Hampshire

TDD

Table 2.1District Project Prioritization and Financing

For financing tool definitions, see Appendix A.

For Downtown-wide project prioritization, see Appendix D.


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3. The Warehouse Arts DistrictIn recent years, public-private partnerships have fostered development around a

newly-established warehouse arts district in east Lawrence. Through this project, old

warehouses are being converted to lofts, offices, retail and art studio space designed

to accommodate the creative class. Although this project is still in its infancy,momentum is building that may one day produce a neighborhood similar in nature to

Kansas Citys Crossroads Arts District or Omahas Old Market. To help cultivate such an

environment, this plan recommends policies that foster higher intensity uses that support

the arts community. Policies encourage the development of art-oriented businesses

and organizations, as well as promote housing accommodations designed for artists.

Building design specifications will be more flexible in this district, compared to the Mass

Street District so as not to limit artistic expression.

This districts boundaries aim to capture areas prone to growth due to their proximity to

the recently converted warehouses, the riverfront, as well as downtown. The majority of

properties currently within this area are older single-family homes. Plans would preservea relatively low density residential environment on local residential streets (Connecticut,

New York, New Jersey), while encouraging higher intensities on higher volume routes

(7th, 8th, 9th, Pennsylvania, and Delaware). Depending on demand, new development

should allow for residential, office, retail, or mixed-uses. Density and design of new

development adjacent to single-family homes will be controlled to ensure a level of

congruity.

Figures 3.2Source: Foursquare.com

Figures 3.1-3.2 offer a vision of how

Lawrences Warehouse District couldappear through implementing the

policies outlined in Section 3.

Figures 3.1Source: Planitzen


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9th

8th

7th

R

hodeIsland

C

onnecticut

N

ewYork

N

ewJersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Warehouse Arts District

North .0625 Mi .125 Mi

Map 3.1


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Figure 3.4Source:

hilgerproperties.com

Figure 3.3Source: Lawrence


Warehouse Arts District Land-Use Requirements

Goal 3.1: Mixed-Uses

Promote a viable mix of uses that promote living, working, and

playing.

Policy 3.1.1: Mixed-use development shall provide office or

retail space on the ground level, and either multi-family

residential, office, or retail space on all upper levels.

Goal 3.2: Creative Class Accommodations

Provide space for artists to live, work, and sell/display their art.

Policy 3.2.1: Any mixed-use property in the district shall be

permitted to provide artists studio/dwelling units, whichare

designed for and are occupied by not more than one family

and include adequate working space reserved for the artist

or artists residing therein. Retail and gallery uses are not

permitted within the studio/dwelling unit. See Figure B5 in

Appendix B for model layout.

Policy 3.2.2: A professional artist may maintain a studio as

accessory to his or her dwelling in a single-family residential

zone if the A hobby artist may maintain a studio if by

nature it qualifies as incidental and accessory to the

residential use.

Policy 3.2.3: The following arts-oriented uses are permitted

outright in the districtsmixed-use zone: galleries, studios,movie theaters (single screen), stage theater, music venues,

design firms, recording studios, art schools, culinary schools,

dance studios, and art incubators. A maximum capacity of

500 seats applies to all theaters/performance venues.

Goal 3.3: Intensity

Minimize any adverse impacts that development or

redevelopment may have on single-family residential

neighborhoods south of the district.

Policy 3.2.1: High intensity (greater than 8:1 FAR)commercial, residential or mixed-uses shall be buffered by

lower intensity uses such as green spaces, low intensity

(1.25:1 FAR or lower) commercial or medium intensity (3:1

FAR) multi-family residential uses.

Appropriate Land-Uses for

the Warehouse Arts District

Figure 3.5Source: Black

Trumpet Bistro


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Warehouse Arts District Land-Use Requirements (Continued)

Goal 3.4: Downtown Living

Encourage a growing and diverse residential population

Policy 3.4.1: All future development in the district thatexceeds an FAR of 4:1 must comprise at least 50 percent

multi-family usage, with at least 50 percent of which must be

dedicated as affordable housing.



affordable multi-family usage, with at least 50 percent of

which must be dedicated as artists studio/dwelling unitsor

student housing.

Appropriate Land-Uses for


Figure 3.7Source: Black

Trumpet Bistro

Figure 3.8Source: Struct/Restruct

The Warehouse District should support ongoing neighborhoodrevitalization efforts, including Struct/Restruct projects like the one pictured

in Figure 3.8. Support can be provided by developing urban design

policies that allow the flexibility for artistic expression and economic

growth, while still providing a high standard for design quality.

Figure 3.6Source:Wonderlane, Flickriver


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Ma 3.2


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30

Warehouse Arts District Bulk Controls

Goal 3.5: Increased Density

Increase the districts density to capture downtown property

demand and allow the expansion of the downtown footprint.

Policy 3.5.1: All structures shall abide by the following

minimum and maximum height restrictions, which are tiered

based on the allowed FAR delineated by Map 3.3:

a. Structures restricted by a maximum FAR of 0.1:1 shallnot exceed one story (12 feet) in height.

b. Structures restricted by a maximum FAR of 1.25:1 shallnot exceed three stories (36 feet) in height.

c. Structures restricted by a maximum FAR of 3:1 shall beat least two stories (24 feet) in height and shall not

exceed four stories (48 feet) in height.

d. Structures restricted by a maximum FAR of 8:1 shall beat least four stories (48 feet) in height and shall not

exceed 10 stories (120 feet) in height.

Policy 3.5.2: Row houses shall be encouraged in residentially

zoned areas.

Goal 3.6: Pedestrian Oriented Scale

Ensure retail visibility and support pedestrian-scale development

Policy 3.6.1:All retail, office, mixed-use or row house

properties shall directly abut the sidewalk unless to allow the

following:a. Highlight Entrances: A minimum setback of four feet

from the sidewalk shall be allowed to highlightentrances or to provide wider sidewalks;

b. Corner Lots: A maximum setback of up to 10 feet from

the sidewalk on corner lots shall be allowed to provide

plaza space.

Appropriate Bulk for the


Figure 3.9 Source:

Iggmoe.com

Figure 3.10 Source:

Struct/Restruct

Figure 3.11 Source:

Brasch Barry

Where appropriate, row housing (Figure 3.9) should be

allowed to increase neighborhood density. Other areaswith lower density single-family detached units (Figure

3.10) should be preserved to maintain established

neighborhood character. Such areas are demarcated

by Map 3.3.


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Map 3.3


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32

Warehouse Arts District Faade Controls


Strengthen neighborhood character established by historic

buildings, while fostering creative expressions on the built-

environment.

Policy 3.7.1: Alterations or additions to buildings listed as

contributing structures of the East Lawrence Industrial Historic

District or the North Rhode Island Historic District shall be

conducted following The Secretary of the Interiors

Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

Policy 3.7.2: Materials, massing, colors, and detailing of the

original structure shall guide the design of additions or

alterations of historic structures.

Policy 3.7.3: Historic architectural features of historic buildings

shall be retained and repaired, rather than removed. If these

features are severely damaged, they shall be replaced with

features identical in appearance to the original features.

Policy 3.7.4: Where buildings within the block face establish

regular pattern of windows, floor height, or other building

details, new or remodeled buildings shall remain consistent

with these regular patterns.

Policy 3.7.5: Primary exterior building materials for new

construction shall include wood or masonry units (brick,stone, tile, or split face alternate course concrete). If panel

materials are used, each panel shall not exceed a maximum

of nine square feet.

Goal 3.8: Pedestrian Oriented Windows

Ensure retail visibility that supports the pedestrian-scale.

Policy 3.8.1: Display windows must be included in all

commercial property street level faades.

Policy 3.8.2: Faades and street fronting walls shall contain aminimum of 60 percent transparent windows. Upper floor

facades shall contain a minimum of 40 percent transparent

windows or fixed glass. Windows fronting streets or the

riverfront shall use transparent, non-reflective and non-tinted

materials.

Figure 3.12 Source:Liberty Real Estate



Figure 3.13 Source: Film

Commission of Greater

Kansas City

Figure 3.14 Source: My

Scene KC


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Warehouse Arts District Faade Controls (Continued)

Goal 3.9: Pedestrian Oriented Design



Policy 3.9.1: All buildings greater than four stories must have

a recognizable "base" consisting of (but not limited to):

a. thicker walls, ledges or sills;

b. integrally textured, colored, and patterned materials;

c. lighter or darker colored materials, mullions or panels;

d. cornices/caps

e. planters;

f. plinth treatments;

g. commercial street level property bases shall have

display windows which abide by Policy: 3.7.1-3.7.2.


a recognizable "middle" consisting of (but not limited to):

a. Building middle cap;

b. integrally textured, colored, and/or patterned

materials which differentiate from the base and top;

c. windows which contrast from the base through

exposed lintels, sills, shape, and proportions.Overall

wall composition within for Building Middles shall

contain at least 30%, but no more than 60% glazing.

Policy 3.9.3: All buildings higher than 4 stories must have arecognizable "top" consisting of (but not limited to):

a. cornice treatments, other than colored "stripes" or

"bands" alone, with integrally textured materials;

b. sloping roof with overhangs and brackets;

c. stepped parapets.

Policy 3.9.4: Large areas of blank wall shall be avoided by

design accents such as windows, panels, pilasters,

trellises, murals or other faade articulations which will

reduce the overall scale appearance.

Policy 3.9.5: Awnings that overhang windows or entries on

street level facades shall be constructed of canvas or heavy

cloth. No color restrictions.



Figure 3.15 Source: Marriott

Figure 3.16 Source: The

Sherbert Group

Figure 3.17 Source:

Robert K. Chin


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Warehouse Arts District Faade Controls (Continued)

Goal 3.10: Building Materials

Buildings should be made of high-quality and attractive

materials.

Policy 3.10.1: All new construction (excluding single-family

homes), shall exhibit at least 70 percent brick (traditional red-

clay colors). Brick may be painted over with colors


Policy 3.10.1: Side or rear exterior walls in street view shall not

be made of inferior or lesser quality materials from the front

faade.

Policy 3.10.2: Allowed faade building materials include:

brick, stucco, wood siding, decorative CMUs (concrete

masonry units), and non-reflective glass (cumulative surface

area of less than 40 percent of all exterior walls). The

following materials are expressly prohibited: vinyl siding,

reflective glass, asphalt siding, aluminum lap siding, and

siding grade plywood. Materials not listed are subject to

approval of the district design review board.

Policy 3.10.3: Corrugated metal may be used to reinforce an

artistic design theme, but must make up a cumulative

surface area of less than 25 percent of all exterior walls.

Policy 3.10.4: Murals and outdoor sculpture are strongly

encouraged and shall be subject to approval by the

districts design review board.

Policy 3.10.5: Proposed faade construction or alterations

must be approved by the districts design review board.



Figure 3.18 Source: Art

Observer

Figure 3.19 Source: Erika

Singer Burke

Figures 3.18 and 3.19 illustrate

colorful murals covering the

entire faade. These forms of

artistic expression should be

encouraged within the

warehouse arts district.


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Warehouse Arts District Environmental Requirements

Goal 3.11: Shadows






districts design review boardto determine if a shadow


analysis.













water runoff.


the street, unless they are incorporated into art and

approved by the District Design Review Board.

Appropriate

Environmental Features for


Figure 3.21 Source:

Annamog.blogspot.com

Figure 3.20 Source: Trudden

Technology


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Warehouse Arts District Streetscape Requirements


Ensure a walkable, pedestrian oriented environment.

Policy 3.13.1: A building or permitted projection may projectover the required sidewalk easement above a height of 40




to the curb, which includes a 6 curb and 12 wide brick

edge band adjacent to the back of curb.

Policy 3.13.3: Streetscapes in commercial or mixed-use

zoned areas shall provide a minimum 10wide continuous

path of travel and 18-24 wide access zone next to the curb,

which includes a 6 curb and 12 wide brick edge band

adjacent to the back of curb.

Policy 3.13.4: All pedestrian level lighting shall be unique or

artistic in nature so it may serve as public art. Lighting shall

be selected by the Warehouse Arts District Design Board.



behind the curb line. Spacing should be an average of no

more than 30 ft. on center (measured per block face). The

minimum caliper size for each tree should be 3 in. and aminimum of 12 ft. in height at planting. Species selected

should be native, drought and disease tolerant.



entertainment.


may occur on any portion of the paved sidewalk provided a

minimum 6 wide continuous path of travel is maintained.


Elements for the


Figure 3.22 Source:

houzz.com

Figure 3.23 Source: scoop.it


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Warehouse Arts District Streetscape Requirements (Continued)


corner on Pennsylvania and Delaware streets (between 8th

and 9th), 7th street (between New Hampshire and New Jersey

streets), and 8thand 9thstreets (between New Hampshireand Delaware). Bulb-outs must provide space for sculpture

or water feature, trash receptacles, lighting, bike racks, and

planters with ledge seating (4 person minimum capacity).


than every 30 ft. on Pennsylvania and Delaware streets

(between 8thand 9th), 7th street (between New Hampshire

and New Jersey streets), and 8thand 9thstreets (between

New Hampshire and Delaware). Each block face shall

provide seating capacity for at least 15 people, includingbulb-out seating. Seating may be provided by benches,

planter ledges, fountain ledges, or street sculpture.

Policy 3.13.4: Street art shall be permitted provided a


and the street art is approved by the district design review

board.


Elements for the


Figure 3.24 Source:

walkoverstates.wordpress.com

Figure 3.25 Source:

Times Union

Figure 3.26 Source: Intriguing News

Street performances, as illustrated in figure 3.26, may be encouraged within the

Warehouse Arts District by providing ample performance space. Figures B2 through B4 in

Appendix B should be used as a guide for streetscape development along Pennsylvania

and Delaware streets (between 8thand 9th), 7th street (between New Hampshire and

New Jersey streets), and 8thand 9thstreets (between New Hampshire and Delaware).


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Warehouse Arts District Parking Requirements




experience.



dwelling units.






street frontages.






of the building faade and abide by Policy 3.7, to Policy 3.9.










designed using the standards set forth in sections 3.7-3.10.



architecturally.



unique identity.

Appropriate Parking

Structures for the


Figure 3.24 Source: La Farge

Figure 3.25 Source:

beaconhillpatch.com

Figure 3.26 Source:

northparkscene.com


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Warehouse Arts District Signage Controls



environment.

Policy 3.17.1: Wall signs shall not project beyond 6 from the

wall surface.



building surface. Signs shall be placed between eight and

12 feet above grade.










motorists visibility along the sidewalk or roadway, or sight

lines at entry driveways and circulation aisles will not be

blocked.



6 from other projecting signs to maximize visibility. Projecting

signs shall be placed at a 90 degree angle from the building

surface and shall be located no lower than 8 from grade

and no higher than the cornice or roof line.


within the district: billboards, pole signs, portable signs

(except temporary signs listed in policies 3.16.3 and 3.16.4),

and any form of sign that flashes, flies, inflates, internallyilluminates or moves.

Policy 3.17.8: Digital signs less than 10 square feet in area

shall be permitted but must display static messages for a

minimum of 10 seconds with a 1-2 second fading transition.

Appropriate

Signage for the


Figure 3.27 Source: Poehler Lofts

Figure 3.28 Source: atmtxphoto.com

Figure 3.29 Source:

theragblog.blogspot.com


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Warehouse Arts District Signage Controls (Continued)












neon; stained glass; or other proposed materials approved

by the district design review board. Paper and cloth signs

shall be prohibited for exterior use (except high quality,

weather-resistant canvas for awnings). Wood signs should be

sealed to prevent deterioration from moisture.







Goal 3.19: Signage UniformityPublic signage should unify the district by exhibiting consistent

design elements which promote the district identity.







Policy 3.19.2: Public signage identified in Policy 3.18.1 shallexhibit unique design by incorporating consistent colors and

fonts.



Appropriate

Signage for the


The following signs are

exempt from signage

policy due to their unique

historical contributions:

Poehler Mercantile Sign

Figure 3.30 Source:

askmissa.com

Figure 3.31 Source: Emily Bell

Figure 3.32 Source: David Boyer


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41

Warehouse Arts District Financing Tools & Project Prioritization


High Mixed-Use and Multi-Family Residential

Redevelopment Projects

Tax-Increment Financing (TIF)

High Sidewalk Seating/Planters, Trash

Receptacles along Pennsylvania,

Delaware, 7th, 8th, and 9thstreets

BID


High Public Sculpture/Art along

Pennsylvania, Delaware, 7th, 8th, and

9thstreets

BID

High Parking Garage(s) Revenue Bonds, TransportationDevelopment District (TDD)



City-wide (in cooperation with utility

companies)

Medium Bike Racks, Bike Awareness Street

Signage/Striping along Pennsylvania,

Delaware, 7th, 8th, and 9thstreets



Medium Plaza Space at SE Corner of 8thand

Pennsylvania

BID

Low Decorative Sidewalk Improvementsalong Pennsylvania, Delaware, 7th, 8th,

and 9thstreets

TDD, TAP Grant (if awarded)


along Pennsylvania, Delaware, 7th, 8th,

and 9thstreets

TDD

Low Faade Improvement Revolving Loan

Fund

BID, User Fees





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Figure 4.1Source: growomaha.com

Figure 4.2Source: Trettel Design

Figures 4.1 and 4.3 illustrate a future vision of the Riverfront

District, which is partly inspired by the modern design of existing

N. Lawrence properties designed by local architect Scott Trettel

(Figure 4.2).

Figure 4.3Source: Arnold Imaging

4.0 The Riverside DistrictTo help alleviate demand for growth downtown, adjacent areas like the riverside area

of North Lawrence could be redeveloped to accommodate higher density residential,

office, retail and mixed uses. With views of the river and downtown, this area offers

great potential. The districts boundaries aim to capture areas near the river and the N.

2nd

Street arterial route. Similar to the Warehouse Arts District, the majority of propertiescurrently within this area are older single-family homes. Plans would preserve a relatively

low density residential environment certain areas, while encouraging higher intensities

on higher volume routes and on the river. Depending on demand, new development

should allow for residential, office, retail, or mixed-uses. Density and design of new

development adjacent to single-family homes will be controlled to ensure a level of

congruity. Design guidelines will be influenced by established North Lawrence

properties designed by local architect Scott Trettel.


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43

Riverside District

North .1 Mi .2 Mi

N.2nd

N.3rd

N.4th

N.5th

N.1st

Walnut

Elm

Locust

MaplePerryLincoln

Pleasant

LyonMap 4.1


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45

Map 4.2


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47

Map 4.3

North

.1 Mi .2 Mi

Riverside District Boundary0%50%75%50%

Minimum Lot Coverage0.1:11.25:13:18:1

Maximum FAR

Riverside DistrictFAR/Lot Coverage Map


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48

Riverside District Faade Controls


Strengthen emerging neighborhood character being

established by existing modern-styled North Lawrence

properties designed by local architect Scott Trettel.

Policy 4.7.1: New infill buildings or exterior renovations of

existing structures shall exhibit only modern architectural

features, unless the structure was built prior to 1950.

Goal 4.8: Pedestrian Oriented Retail

Ensure retail visibility and support pedestrian-scale development

Policy 4.8.1: Display windows must be included in all

commercial property street level faades.

Policy 4.8.2: Faades and street or river fronting walls shall

contain a minimum of 60 percent transparent windows or

fixed glass. Windows fronting streets or the riverfront shall use

transparent, non-reflective and non-tinted materials.

Goal 4.9: Pedestrian Oriented Design




a recognizable "base" consisting of (but not limited to):

a. thicker walls, ledges or sills;b. integrally textured, colored, and patterned materials;

c. lighter or darker colored materials, mullions or panels;

d. cornices/caps

e. planters;

f. plinth treatments;

g. commercial street level property bases shall have

display windows which abide by Policy: 4.7.1-4.7.2.


a recognizable "middle" consisting of (but not limited to):

a. Building middle cap;b. integrally textured, colored, and/or patterned

materials which differentiate from the base and top;

c. windows which contrast from the base through sills,

shape, and/or proportions.Overall wall composition

within for Building Middles shall contain at least 30

percent, but no more than 60 percent glazing.

Appropriate Faades

for the Riverside District

Figure 4.10 Source:

Kundig Architects

Figure 4.9 Source:

Liberty Real Estate

Figure 4.11 Source:

Rows at SoMa


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50

Riverside District Environmental Requirements

Goal 4.11: Shadows






districtsdesign review board to determine if a shadow


analysis.













water runoff.


the street, unless they are incorporated into art or building

design and are approved by the districts design review

board.

Appropriate

Environmental Features


Figure 4.15 Source:

Hammerlikeagirl.wordpress.com

Figure 4.16 Source:

besthousedesign.com


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51

Riverside District Streetscape Requirements


Ensure a walkable, pedestrian-oriented environment throughout

the district.

Policy 4.13.1: A building or permitted projection may project

over the required sidewalk easement above a height of 40




to the curb, which includes a 6 curb and 12 wide brick

edge band adjacent to the back of curb.

Policy 4.13.3: Streetscapes in commercial or mixed-use

zoned areas shall provide a minimum 10wide continuous

path of travel and 18-24 wide access zone next to the curb,

which includes a 6 curb and 12 wide brick edge band

adjacent to the back of curb.

Policy 4.13.4: All pedestrian level lighting shall be modern in

nature so it corresponds to the surrounding architecture.

Lighting shall be selected by the district design review

board.



behind the curb line. Spacing should be an average of nomore than 30 ft. on center (measured per block face). The

minimum caliper size for each tree should be 3 in. and a

minimum of 12 ft. in height at planting. Species selected shall

be native, drought and disease tolerant.



entertainment.


may occur on any portion of the paved sidewalk provided aminimum 6 wide continuous path of travel is maintained.

Appropriate

Streetscape Elements


Figure 4.17 Source:

Dan Heller

Figure 4.18 Source:

vi.sualize.us

Figure 4.19 Source:

Matt Buchanan


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52

Riverside District Streetscape Requirements (Continued)


corner on N. 2ndStreet (between Lyon and Elm), Locust

Street (between N. 2ndand N. 5th), and any future streets

constructed that provide access to new developmentbetween the river and N. 2nd. Bulb-outs must provide space

for sculptures or water features, trash receptacles, lighting,

bike racks, and planters with ledge seating (8 person

minimum capacity).


than every 30 ft. on N. 2ndStreet (between Lyon and Elm),

Locust Street (between N. 2ndand N. 5th), and any future

streets constructed that provide access to new

development between the river and N. 2nd. Each block faceshall provide seating capacity for at least 15 people,

including bulb-out seating. Seating may be provided by

benches, planter ledges, fountain ledges, or street sculpture.

Policy 4.14.4: Water features shall be permitted provided a


and the water feature is approved by the district design

review board.

Appropriate

Streetscape Elements


Figure 4.21 Source:

Figure 4.20 Source: Fresh Tilt

Figure 4.21 Source: Jyoti,

Blogger.com

Figure 4.22 Source: Urbanrelations.info

Multiple public fountains and water features, as illustrated in figures 4.21 and 4.22,

should unify the district around a common identity. Figures B2 through B4 in Appendix B

should be used as a guide for streetscape development along N. 2ndStreet (between

Lyon and Elm), Locust Street (between N. 2ndand N. 5th), and any future streets

constructed that provide access to new development between the river and N. 2nd.


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53

Riverside District Parking Requirements




experience.



dwelling units.






street frontages.






of the building faade and abide by policies 4.7 through 4.9.










designed using the standards set forth in sections 4.7 through

4.10.



architecturally.



unique identity.

Appropriate Parking

Structures for the

Riverside District

Figure 4.23 Source:

Tree Hugger

Figure 4.24 Source:Sampson Construction


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54

Riverside District Signage Controls



environment.

Policy 4.17.1: Wall signs shall not project beyond 6 from the

wall surface.



building surface. Signs shall be placed between eight and

12 feet above grade.










motorists visibility along the sidewalk or roadway, or sight

lines at entry driveways and circulation aisles will not be

blocked.



6 from other projecting signs to maximize visibility. Projecting

signs shall be placed at a 90 degree angle from the building

surface and shall be located no lower than 8 from grade

and no higher than the cornice or roof line.


within the district: billboards, pole signs, portable signs

(except temporary signs listed in policies 4.16.3 and 4.16.4),

roof signs, and any form of sign that flashes, flies, inflates, ormoves.

Policy 4.17.8: Digital signs less than 10 square feet in area

shall be permitted but must display static messages for a

minimum of 10 seconds with a 1-2 second fading transition.

Appropriate

Signage for the

Riverside District

Figure 4.25 Source: Jordan

Parnass Digital Architecture

Figure 4.26 Source: terryldesign.com

Figure 3.27 Source:

modernsigndesign.com


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Riverside District Signage Controls (Continued)












neon; stained glass; or other proposed materials approved

by the district design review board. Paper and cloth signs

shall be prohibited for exterior use (except high quality,

weather-resistant canvas for awnings). Wood signs should be

sealed to prevent deterioration from moisture.







Goal 4.19: Signage UniformityPublic signage should unify the district by exhibiting consistent

design elements which promote the district identity.







Policy 4.19.2: Public signage identified in Policy 4.18.1 shallexhibit modern design by incorporating consistent colors

and one of the following modern fonts:

Century Gothic Impact Dotum Calibri



Appropriate

Signage for the

Riverside District

Figure 4.28 Source:

Silicon Valley Lofts

Figure 3.28 Source: Emily Bell

Figure 3.29 Source: Integrated

Sign & Graphic, Inc.


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56

Riverside District Financing Tools & Project Prioritization


High Riverside Mixed-Use Redevelopment Tax-Increment Financing (TIF)

High Sidewalk Seating/Planters, Trash

Receptacles along N. 2ndand Locust

BID


High Parking Garages Revenue Bonds, Transportation

Development District (TDD)


Citywide (in cooperation with utility

companies)

Medium Bike Racks, Bike Awareness StreetSignage/Striping along N. 2ndand

Locust

TDD, Transportation Alternatives(TAP) Grant (if awarded)

Medium Public Bike Rental Program User Fees, TDD


Medium Plaza at NE Corner of N. 2ndat Locust BID

Low Decorative Sidewalk Improvements

along N. 2ndand Locust

TDD, TAP Grant (if awarded)

Low Public Sculpture/Art along N. 2ndand

Locust

BID


along N. 2ndand Locust.

TDD





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57

Appendix A:

Glossary of Terms

Adaptive Re-Use: conversion of a building into a use other than that for which it was

designed, such as changing a warehouse into a gallery space or housing.

Affordable housing: Rental housing with rents controlled so residents do not have to pay

more than 30 percent of the households annual income.

Animation: a quality of the built environment which supports sustained activity through

the architectural and artistic embellishment of materials and details, the visual and

physical accessibility of interior activities from the exterior, and the introduction of

supportive public facilities and amenities.

Areas of Archaeological Potential: Areas favorable with medium or high potential for

the discovery of archaeological resources. This potential is based on the presence of awide range of geographic and historical features which influenced past settlement.

Archaeological potential is confirmed through archaeological assessment.

Area of Sign: the total area within the extreme perimeter of the attraction area

intended to draw attention to the sign, including all open spaces and the supports

which the sign rests upon.

Artist: A person who is regularly engaged in the visual, performing or creative arts.

ArtistsStudio/Dwellinga combination working studio and dwelling unit for artists. An

artists dwelling unit consists of a room or suite of rooms on one or more floors designedfor and occupied by not more than one family and including adequate working space

reserved for the artist or artists residing therein.

Awning: any structure, such as canvas, projecting from the wall of a building over a

window or entrance.

Barrier-Free Design: building and site design which is accessible to all people, regardless

of age and abilities.

Bay: a vertical division of a faade or a structure division of a building, marked by

column spacing, roof compartments, windows or similar measures.

Boulevard: the portion of land on either side of a street, between the curb and the

property line, and may include sidewalk.

Buffer: a strip of land established to provide separation between land uses and typically

developed as a landscaped area.


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Building Envelope: the volume of space that may be occupied by a building, usually

defined by a series of dimensional requirements such as setback, stepback, permitted

maximum height, maximum permitted lot coverage.

Business Improvement Districts (BIDs): geographically defined areas in which property

owners agree to pay an assessment in addition to property taxes to fund cleaning

streets, providing security, making capital improvements, construction of pedestrian

and streetscape enhancements, and marketing the area. These services supplement

those provided by City government.

Canopy: a permanent fixture designed to shelter pedestrians and display goods from

adverse weather conditions; a fixed awning.

Circulation: movement patterns of pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

Compatibility: the characteristics of different designs which, despite their differences

allow them to be located near each other in harmony, such as scale, height, materials,

fencing, landscaping and location of service areas.

Cornice: an ornamental molding along the top of a wall.

Cultural Heritage Landscape: A defined geographical area of heritage significance

which has been modified by human activities.

Such an area is valued by a community, and is of significance to the understanding of

the history of a people or place.

Design Guidelines: criteria established to guide development toward a desired level of

quality through the design of the physical environment, and which are applied on adiscretionary basis relative to the context of development.

Digital Sign: sign that displays still images, scrolling images, or moving images, including

video or animation, through a series of grid lights, including cathode ray, light emitting

diode display, liquid crystal display, plasma screen, fiber optic, or other electronic

media or technology, where the display can be changed through electronic means.

Districts: geographic areas of relatively consistent character, such as exhibited in many

residential neighborhoods and the downtowns.

Drip Line: The outer boundary of an area on the surface of the ground that correspondsto the outer edge of the crown of the tree3

Elevation: a drawing showing an external face of a building.

Enclosure (sense of): an experience in which a pedestrian feels sheltered with a semi-

private realm. Buildings, trees, landscaping and street widths are all factors in creating a

sense of enclosure.


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59

Facades: the exterior wall of a building exposed to public view or that wall viewed by

persons not within the building.

Fenestration: the arrangement of windows in a building.

Floor Area Ratio (FAR): the relationship between the amount of useable floor areapermitted in a building (or buildings) and the area of the lot on which the building

stands. It is obtained by dividing the gross floor area of a building by the total area of

the lot.

Focal Point: a prominent structure, feature or area of interest or activity.

Gable: any basically triangular-shaped, upper part of a building wall, usually under a

pitched roof; sometimes upper walls topped with stepped parapets are referred to as

gables or stepped gables.

Gateway: the design of a building, site or landscape to symbolize an entrance or arrival

to a special district.

Hanging Sign: a sign suspended from a building or structure which is perpendicular or

parallel to the facade of the building.

Heritage Conservation: the activity undertaken to protect, safeguard, pass on or

enhance heritage resources.

Human Scale: the quality of the physical environment which reflects a sympathetic

proportional relationship to human dimensions and which contributes to the citizens

perception and comprehension of the size, scale, height, bulk and/or massing of

buildings or other features of the built environment.

Infill: the placement of new buildings into established built-up urban areas, which

usually results in an increase in the existing building stock.

Landmarks: buildings, structures and spaces which create distinct visual orientation

points that provide a sense of location to the observer within the neighborhood or

district, such as that created by a significant natural feature or by an architectural form

which is highly distinctive relative to its surrounding environment.

Mass: the combination of the three dimensions of length, height, and depth which give

a building its overall shape; a building is often composed of many masses, hence theterm massing, which is often used to describe the form or shape of structures.

Mixed Use: a development or area comprised of mixed land uses either in the same

building or in separate buildings on either the same lot or on separate lots or, at a larger

scale, in nodes.


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Modulation: variation in the plane of a building wall, often used to provide visual

interest.

Monument Sign: an independent structure supported from grade to the bottom of the

sign with the appearance of having a solid base.

Parapet: a portion of a wall that projects above a roof.

Pedestrian: all people on foot or moving at walking speed, including those who use

mobility aids (wheelchairs, scooters, etc.), persons with strollers and

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