bts master mt822xb base station analyzers - livingston.de · for today’s 2g/3g networks ... what...

Dec 2010

BTS Master™ MT822xB Base Station Analyzers

… designed from the ground-upfor today’s 2G/3G networks …

and for tomorrow’s 4G networks!

Dec 2010

Product overview and Base Station Analyzer value

Product overview

Standard features

Optional features

High level specifications

Physical characteristics

How a Base Station Analyzer adds value

What is the fastest way to test?

What process do I use for testing?

Why do I need to test?

What process do I follow for network optimization?

What can a Base Station Analyzer troubleshoot?

Summary

Dec 2010

The BTS Master™ MT8221B and MT8222BThe Next Generation Base Station Analyzer

New capabilities

20 MHz Demodulation bandwidth for future 4G Signal Analyzers

Vector Signal Generator for receiver testing: 400 MHz to 6 GHz

30 MHz Zero-Span IF Output for external demodulation

In same size as BTS Master MT8222A

Dec 2010

Introducing the BTS Master™ MT822xB Base Station Analyzer

Standard features

2-port Cable and Antenna Analyzer: 400 MHz to 4 GHz (MT8221B) or 6 GHz (MT8222B)

Spectrum Analyzer: 150 kHz to 7.1 GHz

Power Meter: 10 MHz to 7.1 GHz

Dec 2010

Introducing the BTS Master™ MT8221B Base Station Analyzer

Options

Built-in Bias Tee

Built-in GPS Receiver

High Accuracy Power Meter

Interference Analyzer

Channel Scanner

Gated Sweep

New Options

Vector Signal Generator

30 MHz Zero-Span IF Output

PIM Analyzer

Dec 2010

Introducing the BTS Master™ MT8221B Base Station Analyzer

Signal Analyzers

LTE, TD-LTE

W-CDMA/HSPA+

GSM/GPRS/EDGE

TD-SCDMA/HSDPA

CDMA2000 1X

CDMA2000 1xEV-DO

Fixed WiMAX

Mobile WiMAX

Backhaul Analyzers

E1 Analyzer

T1 Analyzer

T3/T1 Analyzer

OC-3c, STM-1 Analyzers

Dec 2010

BTS Master™ MT8221B – A closer look

Cable and Antenna Analyzer

Measurements

RL, VSWR, Cable Loss, DTF,1-port or 2-port Phase, Gain

Measurement Uncertainty

< 0.45 dB for 2-port Gain

Dynamic Range

> 80 dB 2-port

RF Immunity

+17 dBm on-channel

+10 dBm on-frequency

Calibration

OSL and FlexCal™

Bias Tee

32 V internal

Spectrum Analyzer

Spectrum Analyzer

Field Strength, Occupied B/W, Channel Power, ACPR, C/I


Spectrogram, Signal Strength, RSSI, Signal ID

Dynamic Range

> 95 dB in 1 Hz RBW

DANL

-163 dBm in 1 Hz RBW

Phase Noise

-100 dBc/Hz @ 10 kHz offset

Frequency Accuracy

<±25 ppb with GPS On

<±50 ppb with GPS Holdover

Dec 2010

BTS Master™ MT822xB – A closer look

Handheld Size: 315 x 211 x 94 mm (12.4 x 8.3 x 3.7 in),Lightweight: 4.9 kg (10.7 lbs)

Screen: 8.4” (800 x 600)

Dec 2010

BTS Master™ MT822xB – A closer look

All Connectors are conveniently located on the top panel, leaving the sides clear for handheld use

Dec 2010

The Value of Anritsu Base Station Analyzers

Cell Master™ and BTS Master™

The all-in-one testers

Dec 2010

Introducing the fastest way to test – by Anritsu

Tests integrity of whole cell site

Over-the-Air Pass/Fail Test Antenna feed line quality

Tx RF quality

Tx Modulation quality

Spot check downlink coverage

Over-the-Air Coverage Scanner Number of signals present

Power of each signal

Signal clarity

Dec 2010

One quick test – OTA Pass/Fail – checks health of cell site

Find valid Over-the-Air (OTA) location

If not, direct connect

Run one-step Pass/Fail Test

Checks Feed Line Quality, if OTA

Checks RF Quality

Checks Modulation Quality

Test data throughput

Use PC data card

If everything passes

DONE

If not troubleshoot

Feed lines and antenna system

Base station field replaceable units

Downlink Coverage issues

Interference problems

Backhaul bit-error-rates

FoundValidOTAspot?

Run OTA orDirect ConnectPass/Fail Test

Start

Start Direct ConnectTransmitter

TestN

Done

Run PC-basedThroughput Test

Pass?

TroubleshootFeed Lines

Base StationCoverage

InterferenceN

GoodThrough-

put?

TroubleshootBackhaul

N

Y

Y

Y

Dec 2010

A BTS must be optimized to meet the demand for data

Carrier/Interference (C/I) ratio has a major impact on peak data rates

16/64 QAM data coverage requires more maintenance – tighter specs

As a cell site gets more heavily loaded the challenge increasesSource: Qualcomm, “HSDPA for Improved Downlink Data Transfer,” Oct 2004

HSDPA Peak Data (Physical Layer) vs. C/I or Ec/Nt

C/I or Ec/Nt (db)

Dow

nlin

k P

eak

Dat

a ra

te (

Mb

ps)

180 to 1difference

in data rate

Dec 2010

And interference is not going away – it is getting worse

Interference causes C/I or EC/IO degradation robbing network capacity

Interference causes outages to a sector, a cell site, or neighboring cells

Increasing incidents of interference requires ever increasing vigilance

Intentional Radiators Unintentional Radiators Self Interference

Illegal jammersIllegal repeaters

Harmonics, IM3, PIMNear-far problems

Overlapping cell coverageImpulse noise

Dec 2010

BTS Analyzers supports a vigilant optimization process

Test & VerifyCable/Antenna Quality

RF QualityModulation Quality

Downlink Coverage QualityBackhaul Quality

TroubleshootPerformance IssuesHigh Call Drop RateHigh Call Block Rate

Low Data RateInterference Issues

Meeting Network Reliability KPIs? Delivering High Quality Wireless Service?

Installation Maintenance

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

No

Monitor Daily

Dec 2010

BTS Analyzer troubleshoots most causes for problems in BTS

Cable and Antenna Analyzer TMAs, MCPAs, Duplexers

Spectrum Analyzer Receive Noise Floor Testing

Power Meter Setting Downlink Power


Channel Scanner

CW or Vector Signal Generator Receiver Testing

Signal Analyzers RF Quality Modulation Quality Downlink Coverage Quality

Backhaul Analyzers E1, T1, T3 BERT STM-1, OC-3c

Testing base station elementsreduces No Trouble Founds (NTF)

TxRxCard(s)

DownConverter

UpConverter

Dup

lex Filter

TMA

Splitter/C

omb

iner

RemoteRadioHead

MCPA

LNA

TMA

T1, T3

E1

Dec 2010

Anritsu Offers the most complete Base Station Analyzers

Fastest way to test - OTA Pass/Fail Testing

Test virtually any scenario

Feed lines and antenna system

Base station field replaceable units

Downlink Coverage issues

Interference problems

Backhaul bit-error-rates

Improves KPIs

Call Drop

Call Block

Data Throughput

Minimizes No Problem Found (NTF)

Dec 2010Aug 2010 Company Confidential

LTE Signal Quality Analysis

BTS Master™, Cell Master™, Spectrum Master™


Cover all defined frequency plans and bandwidths

Frequency bands

All E-UTRA Operating Bands

700 MHz – 2700 MHz

Channel bandwidths

20, 15, 10, 5, 3, 1.4 MHz BTS Master™ MT8221B/22B

Spectrum Master™

MS2722/23/24/25/26C

10, 5, 3, 1.4 MHz BTS Master™ MT8222A

Cell Master™ MT8212/13E

Spectrum Master™ MS2712/13E

Spectrum Master™ MS2721/23/24B

LTE Bandwidth Selection


A Family of LTE Signal Quality Analyzers

RF Quality Analyzer

RF Measurements

Modulation Quality Analyzer

Modulation Measurements

DL Coverage Quality Analyzer

Over-the-Air Measurements

Pass/Fail Analyzer

LTE Measurement SummaryLTE Measurement Summary


LTE RF Quality Measurements

Channel Spectrum

Channel Power

Occupied Bandwidth

ACLR

Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)

RF Measurement Summary

RF Measurement Summary


LTE Modulation Quality Measurements

Constellation

QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM

Control Channel Power

Modulation Summary

Modulation Measurement Summary


LTE Downlink Coverage Quality Measurements

Scanner

Six Sync Signal Power Levels

Cell ID

Sector ID

Group ID

Dominance

Auto Save

OTA Scanner Measurements


LTE Pass/Fail Mode

LTE Pass/Fail

Set up common test limits, or sets of limits, for each instrument

User modify via MST to set-up system-wide maintenance operating practice

Guidelines

Direct Connect

OTA

Per Vendor

Consequences

Inconsistent settings between

base stations, leads to

inconsistent network behaviorPass/Fail Test


LTE Occupied Bandwidth

Occupied Bandwidth

A measurement of the spectrum used by the carrier

The occupied bandwidth contains 99% of the signal’s RF power

Guideline – Direct Connect

Less than defined LTE bandwidth 1.4, 3.0, 5.0, 10, 15, 20 MHz

Consequences

Leads to interference with neighboring carriers

Dropped calls

Low capacity

Common Faults

Tx filter

MCPA

Signal processing

Antennas

RF Quality


LTE Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)

ACLR (single-carrier displayed)

Measures how much of the carrier gets into neighboring RF channels

Checks the closest (adjacent) and the next closest (alternate)


-45 dBc adjacent channels

-45 dBc alternate channels

Consequences

Interference

Low capacity

Blocked calls

Common Faults

Tx filter

MCPA

Channel cards

Cable connectors

RF Quality


LTE Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)

Spectral Emission Mask

SEM checks closer to the signal than ACLR does

It also is sensitive to absolute power levels

May be requirement of regulators


Must be below mask

Consequences

Interference with neighboring carriers

Legal liability

Low data rate

Common Faults

Check amplifier output filtering

Look for intermodulation distortion

Look for spectral re-growth

RF Quality


LTE Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)

EVM

The ratio of errors, or distortions, in the actual signal, compared to a perfect signal

EVM measures the PBCH, if there is no data traffic and the PDSCH if there is traffic

Guidelines – Direct Connect

QPSK - 17.5%

16 QAM – 12.5%

64 QAM – 8%

Consequences

dropped calls

low data rate

low sector capacity

blocked calls

Common Faults

distortion in the channel cards

Power amplifier

filter

antenna system

Modulation Quality


LTE Frequency Error

Frequency Error

Checks to see that the carrier frequency is precisely correct

Regulatory requirement in many countries

Guideline – OTA with GPS

± 0.05 ppm wide area BS

± 0.10 ppm local area BS

± 0.25 ppm home BS

Consequences

Calls will drop when mobiles travel at higher speed

In some cases, cell phones cannot hand off into, or out of the cell

Common Faults

Reference frequency

Frequency distribution system

GPS, if used

Backhaul

Modulation Quality


LTE Synchronization Signal Scanner

Synchronization Signal Power

Indicates which sectors are present at the current location

Too many strong sectors creates frequency avoidance diminishing capacity


3 or fewer codes

Within 10 dB of dominant code

Over 95% of the coverage area

Consequences

Low data rate

Low capacity

Common faults

Antenna down tilt

Damaged antennas

Control channel power settings

Illegal repeaters

Downlink Coverage Quality


Downlink Coverage Mapping

OTA Scanner has Auto-Save

Need GPS Receiver and Antenna

Collects data ≈ every 5-10 s

Time depends on number of Sync codes and whether Modulation is turned on

Master Software Tools can export data to a KML file

Import into Google Maps/Earth

Mouse over point to see Scanner results

Downlink Coverage Quality


LTE OTA Modulation Quality Testing

OTA Modulation Quality Testing

Valid signal quality measurements can be made OTA

Guidelines are established from a known good base station

Must be taken in valid location

Valid OTA Location

OTA Scanner validates location Dominance >10 dB

If Pass – becomes sweet spot

Note GPS location

Becomes location for futureOTA Modulation Quality Testing

Record and create OTA Pass/Fail limits

OTA Modulation Quality

Valid EVM OTA measurement

MIMO presents a challenge to measure EVM OTA

Need to measure EVM of PBCH which has Transmit Diversity

Measures both Tx1 & Tx2


New features to come during 2011

•Support for TDD mode, already available

•MIMO measurement enhancements(ability to measure power of each transmitter in 2x2 MIMO over-the-air)

•RSRP/RSRQ measurements (and probably some form of Signal to Noise measurement as well)

•Frequency Error Averaging

•Possible built-in LTE coverage mapping

Dec 2010

LATEST Addition to the Master Series „LTE TDD“

New TD-LTE OptionsOption 551, TD-LTE RF Measurements includes:• Channel Spectrumo Channel Powero Occupied Bandwidth• Power vs. Timeo Frame viewo Sub-Frame viewo Total Frame Power, DwPTS Power, Transmit Off Power, Cell ID, Timing Error• Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)• Spectral Emission Mask (SEM)• RF Summary

bts master mt822xb base station analyzers - livingston.de · for today’s 2g/3g networks ... what...

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