bsc sample report 2 years post-harvey · irc and an inappropriate roofing system for the low-sloped...

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BSC Forensics Texas Firm No. F-11248 MAC No. ACO1092 24200 Southwest Freeway Suite 402-257 Rosenberg, Texas 77471 P: 888.405.3160 F: 888.837.0226 E: [email protected]

www.bscforensics.com

BSC Forensics FIRST LAST Residence Report of 16

DATE Mr. CLIENT Storm Team CLIENT COMPANY ADDRESS LINE 1 CITY, STATE ZIP RE: Claim No: -------- Claim Type: Residential

Insured: FIRST LAST Address: #### STREET CITY, Texas ZIP Date of Loss: August 26, 2017 Hurricane Harvey BSC File No: ----- Dear Storm Team: Per CLIENT COMPANY’s request, Jeff Gish, P.E., D.F.E. of BSC Forensic Services, LLC (BSC) performed an on-site investigation at the referenced property on Monday, August 5, 2019. The owner, Ms. LAST, was present on-site and provided access to the property for BSC's inspection. Reportedly, on or about August 26, 2017, Hurricane Harvey passed through the area and caused damage to the property.

Claim Information Scope of Work CLIENT COMPANY retained BSC to determine the cause of the reported condition(s). In addition, BSC was asked to document conditions consistent with the effects of wind from Hurricane Harvey, if any. Property Description The front of the residence is referenced herein as north-facing toward STREET in CITY, Texas. Descriptions in this document reference front, back, left, and right. Orientation is based as if facing the structure from the aforementioned global direction. The subject of the investigation was a one-story, wood-framed structure with an apparent enclosed one-car garage at the front-right, storage structure at the back-left and an apparent addition along the back elevation. The exterior cladding system consisted of painted fiber-cement and wood panel siding. Gypsum board (drywall) covered the walls and ceilings of the interior. The structure was supported by a concrete beam and slab-at-grade foundation system.

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BSC File No. ----- DATE CARRIER Claim No. --------


Roofing Systems Dwelling Original (In-Service at the Time of BSC's Inspection): Architectural

(laminated) asphalt-composition shingles covered the gable-style roof. Based on available Pictometry aerial images, the roofing had been installed between January 13, 2018 and January 12, 2019. The warranty-grade and manufacturer of the roofing were unknown.

Dwelling Original (In-Service During the Passage of Hurricane Harvey): Architectural (laminated) asphalt-composition shingles covered the gable-style roof. The age, warranty-grade and manufacturer of the roofing were unknown.

Dwelling Back Addition (In-Service at the Time of BSC's Inspection): Metal R panels with exposed fasteners covered the low-sloped roof. Based on available Pictometry aerial images, the roofing had been installed between January 13, 2018 and January 12, 2019. The manufacturer of the roofing was unknown.

Dwelling Back Addition (In-Service During the Passage of Hurricane Harvey): Architectural (laminated) asphalt-composition shingles covered the low-sloped roof. The age, warranty-grade and manufacturer of the roofing were unknown.

Storage Structure Primary: Metal R panels covered the low-sloped roof. Based on available Pictometry aerial images, the roofing had reasonably been installed prior to May 11, 2008. The manufacturer of the roofing was unknown.

Storage Structure Right Porch: Modified bitumen with impregnated granules covered the low-sloped roof. Based on available Pictometry aerial images, the roofing had reasonably been installed prior to May 11, 2008. The manufacturer of the roofing was unknown.

Figure 1. Pictometry aerial images dated January 12, 2018 (l3eft) and January 13, 2019 (right); note

the change in appearance in the roofing, consistent with replacement.

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Provided Documents BSC was provided with the following documents (available upon request) for review and consideration during the performance of the aforementioned Scope of Work: Underwriting Reports:

Underwriting inspection report produced by COMPANY dated October 3, 2011. Underwriting inspection report produced by COMPANY dated October 27, 2016.

Prior Claim – Date of Loss January 9, 2012 (Wind and Interior Leaks):

Photograph sheet produced by COMPANY (the independent adjuster) dated February 18, 2012.

Loss report produced by COMPANY dated February 18, 2012. Prior Claim – Date of Loss May 13, 2016 (Wind, Hail and Interior Leaks):

Roof measurement report produced by COMPANY dated November 22, 2016. Benchmark hail date of loss report produced by COMPANY dated November 22, 2016. Benchmark hail history report produced by COMPANY dated November 22, 2016. Photograph sheet produced by COMPANY (the independent adjuster) dated November 23,

2016. Estimate produced by COMPANY dated November 23, 2016.

Prior Claim – Date of Loss January 20, 2017 (Hail and Interior Leaks):

Roof measurement report produced by COMPANY dated July 25, 2017. Benchmark hail date of loss report produced by COMPANY dated July 25, 2017. Benchmark hail history report produced by COMPANY dated July 25, 2017. Photograph sheet produced by COMPANY (the independent adjuster) dated August 25,

2017. Loss report produced by COMPANY and dated August 25, 2017.

Subject Claim – Hurricane Harvey:

Roof measurement report produced by COMPANYdated August 29, 2017. Benchmark hurricane report produced by COMPANY dated August 29, 2017. Benchmark wind date of loss report produced by COMPANY dated August 29, 2017. Benchmark wind history report produced by COMPANY dated August 29, 2017. Photograph sheet produced by COMPANY (the independent adjuster) dated September 27,

2017. Loss report produced by COMPANY dated September 27, 2017. Estimate produced by COMPANY dated September 27, 2017. Photograph sheet produced by COMPANY dated October 13, 2017. Loss report produced by COMPANY dated October 13, 2017. Estimate produced by COMPANY dated October 13, 2017. Estimate produced by COMPANY (bid obtained by the owner) dated January 11, 2018. Estimate with attached photographs produced by COMPANY (the owner’s roofing

contractor) dated March 23, 2018.

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Property Observations Observations Property condition observations are detailed in the photograph captions in the appendices. Further description of the relevance of these observations is provided in the Discussion of Findings section herein. Except where indicated otherwise in individual photograph captions, photographs presented herein were taken by BSC on the date of our inspection.

Appendix A – Photographs 1 through 94 Appendix B – Aerial Images 1 through 21

Claim Research Weather Data (Appendix C) BSC obtained relevant weather information for the CITY, Texas area from National Weather Service (NWS) and NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).

Figure 2. The nearest weather station was William P. Hobby Airport which is located approximately

7 miles southwest of the subject property. Wind and Rain: The weather data indicated that Hurricane Harvey made landfall in the Rockport/Fulton, Texas area on the evening of August 25, 2017. The storm continued northward and was downgraded to a tropical storm before shifting course to the southeast and returning to the Gulf of Mexico. The storm continued over the Gulf of Mexico, circling around southeast Texas before making landfall again in Louisiana. The storm event resulted in rainfall greater than 25 inches in the metropolitan Houston, Texas area in the week prior to August 30, 2017. Widespread flooding was reported throughout metropolitan Houston, Texas. Wind speeds sustained during the event reached a maximum of 36 miles per hour while the three-second wind gusts reached as high as 49 miles per hour.

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Figure 3. Capture of the interactive graphic at the NWS website

(https://www.weather.gov/crp/hurricane_harvey) with the approximate location of the subject property denoted (green arrow).

Discussion of Findings Reportedly, on August 26, 2017, Hurricane Harvey passed through the area and caused damage to the property. CLIENT COMPANY retained BSC on behalf of CARRIER to determine the cause of the reported condition(s). In addition, BSC was asked to document conditions consistent with the effects of wind from Hurricane Harvey, if any. Wind Assessment BSC inspected vulnerable exterior building elements on the subject property for conditions consistent with the effects of wind. Generally, collateral indicators of the effects of wind would include detached, displaced or missing relatively lightweight elements first (satellite dishes, screens, etc.), followed by fractured, torn and//or missing cladding components (roofing, siding, etc.), and finally by structural shifting or movement and resultant distress in the building components. In addition to force-related effects of wind, sufficient wind speeds may result in impacts from windborne objects such as tree limbs, building components, etc. BSC’s inspection revealed no conditions that could be attributed to the effects of wind at the subject property, including no fractured, loose, missing or displaced lightweight appurtenances or claddings. Moreover, the reported wind speeds in the vicinity of the subject property during the passage of Hurricane Harvey were insufficient to cause damage to the vulnerable exterior elements. It is BSC’s professional opinion that there were no conditions consistent with the effects of wind at the subject property, reported wind speeds in the vicinity of the subject property during the passage of Hurricane Harvey were insufficient to cause such, and no vulnerable exterior elements had been damaged by wind.

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Figure 4. Vulnerable elements with no evidence of high winds.

Wind Assessment – Architectural Asphalt-Composition Shingles BSC inspected the subject roofing for conditions consistent with the effects of wind. Generally, effects of wind on an architectural asphalt-composition shingle roof are characterized by creased, torn, and/or missing shingles, with the creases or tears occurring along the interface with the overlapping shingles/plies/laminate tabs, and/or impacts from windborne debris. Wind acting on the roof surface with sufficient force can lift and subsequently fold shingle tabs over on the windward side of a roof, resulting in conditions that compromise the water-shedding capability and/or future wind resistance of the shingles (bending strength to resist the aforementioned folding). In addition, shingles can be removed from the roof surface by tears at the aforementioned creases or due to tear-out at the fasteners. Generally, wind forces are greatest along rakes, eaves, and ridges on gable-style roofs. As such, the effects of wind would be expected to be more severe at those locations. Typically, laminate tabs, which are aesthetic to a laminate shingle, crack from expected weathering and their absence does not reduce water-shedding capability or the life-expectancy of the shingle. Therefore, cracked or missing laminate tabs are considered cosmetic without corresponding indicators of wind-related effects at the site. Dwelling Original Portion In-Service at the Time of BSC's Inspection): BSC's inspection revealed no creased, torn, or missing shingles consistent with the effects of wind in the relatively recently installed shingle roofing. It is BSC's professional opinion that the laminated architectural asphalt-composition shingle roofing that was in-service at the time of BSC's inspection had not been damaged by wind.

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Figure 5. Typical slopes on the dwelling roof in-service at the time of BSC’s inspection with no wind

damage. Dwelling and Back Addition (In-Service at the Time of Hurricane Harvey): The asphalt-composition shingle roofing which was continuous across the gable-style dwelling and the low-sloped back addition roofs had been replaced between January 13, 2018 and January 12, 2019. As such, BSC could not directly inspect the roofing that had been in-service during the passage of Hurricane Harvey. Review of provided photographs by the independent adjuster, dated September 11, 2017, revealed no creased, torn, or missing shingles consistent with the effects of wind. Moreover, the reported wind speeds in the vicinity of the subject property during the passage of Hurricane Harvey were insufficient to cause damage to the asphalt-composition shingle roofing. It is BSC's professional opinion that the asphalt-composition shingle roofing that had been in-service during the passage of Hurricane Harvey had not been damaged by wind.

Figure 6. Provided photographs by the independent adjuster dated September 11, 2017 with no wind

damage depicted. Wind Assessment – Metal Panels BSC inspected the subject panels for conditions consistent with the effects of wind. Generally, effects of wind on metal panels are characterized by folded, torn and/or missing panels and/or impacts from windborne debris. Wind forces acting on the panels with sufficient strength can lift and subsequently fold, tear and/or remove the panels, resulting in conditions that compromise the water-shedding capability of the roofing system. Generally, wind forces are greatest along perimeter edges on low-sloped roofs and at building corners. As such, the effects of wind would be expected to be more severe at those locations.

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Scratches, abrasions and areas of removed coatings on metal roofing from windborne debris impact would not reduce the water-shedding capability of the roofing (would not leak) but would expose the underlying metal to unintended direct weathering, which would reduce the expected service life of the roofing. Scratches in metal roof coatings often occur during installation as well, and most manufacturers offer coatings that are used to repair scratches, abrasions and areas of removed coatings during installation of the roofing. The same methods can be used to repair scratches, abrasions and/or areas of removed coatings that result from windborne debris impacts. Alternatively, metal panels can typically also be spot-replaced individually. Dwelling Back Addition (In-Service at the Time of BSC's Inspection): BSC's inspection revealed no folded, torn, or missing metal panels consistent with the effects of wind in the relatively recently installed metal panel roofing. It is BSC's professional opinion that the metal panel roofing that was in-service at the time of BSC's inspection had not been damaged by wind.

Figure 7. Back addition roof in-service at the time of BSC’s inspection with no wind damage. Storage Structure Primary: BSC's inspection revealed no folded, torn, or missing metal panels consistent with the effects of wind. It is BSC's professional opinion that the metal panel roofing had not been damaged by wind.

Figure 8. Storage structure primary roof with no wind damage.

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Wind Assessment – Modified Bitumen Roofing BSC inspected the subject roofing for conditions consistent with the effects of wind. Generally, effects of wind on modified bitumen roofing are characterized by torn and/or missing roofing and/or impacts from windborne debris. Wind forces acting on the roof surface with sufficient strength can remove modified bitumen roofing, resulting in conditions that compromise the water-shedding capability. Additionally, wind forces can also cause the roofing membrane to “balloon” or lift without membrane removal. Ballooning of a membrane from the effects of wind is typically evident by wrinkled membrane combined with an uneven surface, accompanied by other collateral indicators of wind-related effects at the site. Generally, wind forces are greatest along perimeter edges on low-slope roofs. As such, the effects of wind would be expected to be more severe at those locations. Storage Structure Right Patio: BSC's inspection revealed no wrinkled, torn, or missing roofing consistent with the effects of wind. It is BSC's professional opinion that the modified bitumen roofing had not been damaged by wind.

Figure 9. Storage structure right patio roof with no wind damage.

Interior Moisture Intrusion Investigation BSC’s inspection revealed that the interior finishes had been replaced and/or repainted following Hurricane Harvey and prior to BSC’s inspection, and evidence of moisture exposure was limited to cracked and peeled paint and moisture drip marks on the right wall of the back-right bedroom (addition). As such, the majority of the conditions that had been present following Hurricane Harvey could not be directly observed. BSC reviewed provided photographs taken by the independent adjuster on September 11, 2017, which depicted the following conditions that were captioned by the independent adjuster, and were consistent with moisture entry to the interior:

“Ceiling damage in rear bedroom ceiling damage in bathroom result of wind driven rain ceiling damage in closet, result of wind driven rain ceiling damage in guest bedroom result of wind driven rain”

It should be noted that all of the areas of moisture-related conditions at the interior, depicted in the independent adjuster photographs, were located within and/or adjacent to the back addition, where asphalt-composition shingles had been installed on a roof surface that was sloped approximately 1-1/4 inches vertical over 12 inches horizontal (1-1/4:12). According to the International Residential Code (IRC), asphalt-composition shingles are prohibited on roofs slopes less than 2:12, and the shingle roofing represented a construction deficiency that violated the IRC.

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Asphalt-composition shingles are considered a kinetic water-shedding roofing material, and are not waterproof. As such, adequate slopes are essential to proper drainage performance of the roofing, and inadequate roof slopes are expected to result in moisture entry and resultant moisture-related damage to interior finishes, similar to that depicted in the independent adjuster photographs. As further confirmation that asphalt-composition shingles were a violation of the IRC and an inappropriate roofing system for the low-sloped back addition roof, the owner had replaced the shingle roofing with appropriate metal R panel roofing following Hurricane Harvey and prior to BSC’s inspection, between January 13, 2018 and January 12, 2019. It is BSC’s professional opinion that the various areas of interior moisture intrusion and associated conditions, documented by the independent adjuster on September 11, 2017 (since replaced and/or repaired) were the result of moisture entry through unsealed openings on the roof above, associated with the installation of asphalt-composition shingles on a roof surface sloped less than 2:12 (construction deficiency). The aforementioned conditions were not the result of any storm-created openings and were not associated with Hurricane Harvey, nor any one-time storm event.

Figure 10. Typical conditions at the time of BSC’s inspection; note the interior finishes had been

replaced and/or repainted following Hurricane Harvey and prior to BSC’s inspection.

Figure 11. Typical conditions consistent with moisture entry, depicted in provided photographs by the

independent adjuster, dated September 11, 2017. Rear bedroom (left – called the back-right bedroom by BSC) and bathroom (right – called the back-left bathroom by BSC) depicted.

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Figure 12. Typical conditions consistent with moisture entry, depicted in provided photographs by the

independent adjuster, dated September 11, 2017. Closet (left) and guest bedroom (right – called the middle-left bedroom by BSC) depicted.

Figure 13. Roof over the back addition, documented by the independent adjuster on September 11,

2017 (left – shingle roofing; arrow) and by BSC (right – metal R panels).

Figure 14. Slope measurement of the metal R panel roofing at the back addition slope; note 1-1/4

inches vertical over 12 inches horizontal.

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Other Conditions BSC’s inspection revealed various other conditions that were attributable to causes other than wind from Hurricane Harvey. Specifically: Dwelling

Sagged gutter and roofline along the front elevation (differential foundation movement). Discoloration and areas of differing finish along the soffit (historical repairs; elevated

humidity). Roughly square patches in the concrete flatwork to the front of the dwelling (access pits

for historical foundation underpinning elements). Random cracks throughout the concrete flatwork (volumetric soil movements). Localized irregular fractures in the glazing windows (mechanical damage). Tapered separations between siding/trim and windows, with areas of fractured siding/trim

(differential foundation movement). Cracked and peeled paint on gray and faded wood throughout the dwelling (expected aging;

deferred maintenance). Partially detached security bars at windows (mechanical damage; deferred maintenance). Missing wood fence at the right property line, with concrete post footing remnants visible

(historical removal of wood fence). Localized irregular fractures in window glazing beads (mechanical damage). Vegetation in contact with the dwelling roof (deferred maintenance). Undulation in the shingle surfaces and ridge (differential foundation movement; inadequate

roof deck support). Interface of the dwelling back roof slope and back addition roof slope with expanded foam

sealant installed as closure strip (installation deficiency). Gasketed fasteners throughout the metal panel roofing with gaskets extended beyond the

perimeter of the fastener heads and/or split (installation deficiency; over-tightening of fasteners).

Drywall cracks and panel joint separations, discolorations, some with corresponding areas of differing finish and texture, and trim separations throughout the interior (differential foundation movement; historical repairs/repairs in progress).

Doors that were out-of-square in their frames, swung unassisted, and/or bound on the floors throughout the interior (differential foundation movement).

Cracks and grout joint separations in the rigid floor tile (differential foundation movement). Drywall crack at the door to the hallway (differential foundation movement). Steel utility pipe at the entrance to the back-right bedroom was approximately three (3)

inches above the door threshold and approximately six (6) inches above the interior finished floor of the back-right bedroom (trip hazard).

Closet to the back-right bedroom with drywall that had been partially textured but not painted (incomplete repairs/repairs in progress).

Light-colored framing members in the attic (apparent framing repairs). Storage Structure

Localized fractured glazing and deteriorated glazing bead at windows (mechanical damage; expected aging; deferred maintenance).

Rot-deteriorated wood elements throughout (long-term moisture and recurring exposure). Partially separated trim elements throughout (expected aging; deferred maintenance).

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Localized irregular indentations in the heat transfer fins of the window-mounted air conditioner (mechanical damage).

Rusted metal elements throughout (expected aging). Debris on the roof surface (deferred maintenance).

Review & Response BSC reviewed various provided documents associated with the subject property, as detailed herein. BSC’s lack of response to specific sections within the documents should not be misconstrued as agreement or disagreement on the part of BSC. January 11, 2018 Estimate by COMPANY The provided estimate from COMPANY was addressed to FIRST LAST (the owner) and was dated January 11, 2018. The estimate included line items for removal and replacement of the shingle roofing on the dwelling and addition. As previously discussed herein, the subject property, including the various roofing systems, had not been damaged by wind. Moreover, shingle roofing was not an appropriate roofing system for the low-sloped back addition roof. It is BSC's professional opinion that the provided estimate by COMPANY dated January 11, 2018, in its entirety, was not required as a result of any storm-related damage and was elective. Moreover, the estimate proposed installation of a roofing system on the back addition that violated the International Residential Code. March 23, 2018 Estimate by COMPANY The provided estimate from COMPANY (hereafter called the COMPANY estimate) was addressed to FIRST LAST (the owner) and was dated March 23, 2018.

1. Roof: The provided COMPANY estimate included line items for removal and replacement of the shingle roofing on the dwelling and addition, including replacement of a portion of the roof deck. As previously discussed herein, the subject property, including the various roofing systems, had not been damaged by wind. Moreover, the estimate proposed installation of a roofing system on the back addition that violated the International Residential Code. The COMPANY estimate also included a line item titled “Additional charge for steep roof - 7/12 to 9/12 slope” which was not present at the subject property, and photographs attached to the by COMPANY estimate depicted a different roof with different-colored shingles and a different roof profile and shape, as compared to the roof at the subject property. The photographs were also dated October 7, 2017, while the COMPANY estimate stated that the inspection had occurred on March 22, 2018. As such, COMPANY had apparently inspected the roofing at a property other than the subject property (neither the subject property nor the depicted roof in the COMPANY photographs had a steep slope), and any estimate based on inspection of the roof at a different property lacked basis or merit. Regardless, as previously discussed herein, the subject property, including the various roofing systems, had not been damaged by wind.

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It is BSC's professional opinion that the line items in the provided COMPANY estimate, associated with roof replacement, were not required as a result of any storm-related damage, and were elective. The content of the COMPANY estimate further indicated a general lack of attention to detail, and included photographs of a property other than the subject property.

Figure 15. Photographs attached to the COMPANY, dated October 7, 2017, which depicted a roof

other than the roof at the subject property.

2. Interior Rooms: The provided COMPANY estimate included line items for removal, replacement and/or remediation of various elements within the interior rooms throughout the dwelling, including the Kitchen, Bedroom 1, Bedroom 2 and the Bathroom. As previously discussed herein (see Interior Moisture Intrusion Investigation), the various areas of interior moisture intrusion and associated conditions, documented by the independent adjuster on September 11, 2017 (since replaced and/or repaired) were the result of moisture entry through unsealed openings on the roof above, associated with the installation of asphalt-composition shingles on a roof surface sloped less than 2:12 (construction deficiency). The aforementioned conditions were not the result of any storm-created openings and were not associated with Hurricane Harvey, nor any one-time storm event. It is BSC's professional opinion that the line items in the provided COMPANY estimate, associated with various interior rooms throughout the dwelling, were not required as a result of any storm-related damage, and were elective.

On the basis of the discussion above, it is BSC's professional opinion that the provided estimate by COMPANY dated March 23, 2018, in its entirety, was not required as a result of any storm-related damage and was elective. Moreover, the estimate proposed installation of a roofing system on the back addition that violated the International Residential Code, indicated a general lack of attention to detail, and included photographs of a property other than the subject property.

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Summary of Findings Based on inspection of the subject property, research, and/or review of provided documents, BSC provides the following conclusions:

There were no conditions consistent with the effects of wind at the subject property and the reported wind speeds in the vicinity of the subject property during the passage of Hurricane Harvey were insufficient to cause such.

No vulnerable exterior elements, including the various roofing systems that had been in-service during the passage of Hurricane Harvey and/or during BSC’s inspection, had been damaged by wind.

The various areas of interior moisture intrusion and associated conditions, documented by the independent adjuster on September 11, 2017 (since replaced and/or repaired) were the result of moisture entry through unsealed openings on the roof above, associated with the installation of asphalt-composition shingles on a roof surface sloped less than 2:12 (construction deficiency). The aforementioned conditions were not the result of any storm-created openings and were not associated with Hurricane Harvey, nor any one-time storm event.

Various other conditions and/or damage, detailed herein, were attributable to causes other than wind from Hurricane Harvey.

The provided estimate by COMPANY dated January 11, 2018, in its entirety, was not required as a result of any storm-related damage and was elective. Moreover, the estimate proposed installation of a roofing system on the back addition that violated the International Residential Code.

The provided estimate by COMPANY dated March 23, 2018, in its entirety, was not required as a result of any storm-related damage and was elective. Moreover, the estimate proposed installation of a roofing system on the back addition that violated the International Residential Code, indicated a general lack of attention to detail, and included photographs of a property other than the subject property.

Disclosure Information collected during the course of this investigation has been retained in our files, and will be made available to you upon your request. This report has been prepared for the sole use and purpose of CLIENT COMPANY, and only you have the authority to distribute this report to any other persons, firms, or corporations. BSC, its agents and/or employees do not have and do disclaim any contractual relationship with, or duty or obligation to, any party other than the addressee of this report and the principals for whom the addressee is acting. Only the engineer(s) who signed and/or sealed this document has the authority to change its contents, and then, only in writing to you. This report addresses the results of work completed to date. Should additional information become available, BSC reserves the right to amend, as warranted, any of our conclusions.

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Thank you for the opportunity to serve you and other concerned parties through the performance of these services. Please feel free to contact BSC at any time should you have questions or need additional services. BSC Forensics is a registered DBA of Sincerely, BSC Forensic Services, LLC Jeff Gish, P.E., D.F.E. Principal - Senior Forensic Investigator

This document was electronically signed and Jarrod C. Burns, M.S., P.E. sealed by Jeff Gish, P.E., D.F.E. Principal - Structural Forensic Investigator on DATE State of Texas Engineering Seal Texas Firm No. F-11248 Appendix A Photographs Appendix B Aerial Photographs Appendix C Weather Data Appendix D SmartPDF

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BSC Forensics

Appendix A

Photographs

Descriptions in this document reference front, back, left, and right. Orientation is based as if facing the structure from the designated global direction defined within the Property Description

section of the report.

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BSC File No. ----- CARRIER Claim No. ------

BSC Forensics FIRST LAST Residence Photographs Page 1 of 44

Photographs Taken on Monday, August 5, 2019

Exterior Overview Photographs

Photograph No. 1: Front (north) elevation from the front-left corner.

Photograph No. 2: Front elevation from the front-right corner.

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Photograph No. 3: Right elevation from the front-right corner.

Photograph No. 4: Right elevation from the back-right corner.

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Photograph No. 5: Back elevation from the back-right corner.

Photograph No. 6: Back elevation from the back-left corner.

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Photograph No. 7: Left elevation from the back-left corner; note access was limited by

vegetation.

Photograph No. 8: Left elevation from the front-left corner.

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Front Elevation Photographs

Photograph No. 9: Various vulnerable elements with no conditions consistent with the effects

of wind.

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of wind.

Photograph No. 11: Sagged gutter and roofline along the front elevation (differential foundation

movement).

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Photograph No. 12: Discoloration and areas of differing finish along the soffit (historical

repairs; elevated humidity).

Photograph No. 13: Roughly square patches in the concrete flatwork to the front of the dwelling

(access pits for historical foundation underpinning elements).

Photograph No. 14: Random cracks throughout the concrete flatwork (volumetric soil

movements).

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Photograph No. 15: Overview of the driveway and right portion of the front elevation; note the

original driveway, consistent with previous garage, since enclosed.

Photograph No. 16: Overview of the right portion of the front elevation, in the area of previous

garage.

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Photograph No. 17: Localized irregular fractures in the glazing at the right window (mechanical

damage).

Photograph No. 18: Tapered separation at the left side of the window (differential foundation

movement).

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Right Elevation Photographs


of wind.

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of wind.

Photograph No. 21: Typical condition throughout the dwelling; note cracked and peeled paint

on gray and faded wood (expected aging; deferred maintenance).

Photograph No. 22: Loose security bars at the window (mechanical damage; deferred

maintenance).

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Photograph No. 23: Missing wood fence at the right property line, with concrete post footing

remnants visible (historical removal of wood fence).

Back Elevation Photographs


of wind.

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of wind.

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Photograph No. 26: Localized irregular fractures in the window glazing bead (mechanical

damage).

Photograph No. 27: Localized fractured glazing at windows (mechanical damage).

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Photograph No. 28: Fractured and separated fiber-cement siding and trim (differential

foundation movement).

Left Elevation Photographs


of wind.

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of wind.

Photograph No. 31: Localized irregularly fractured glazing at windows (mechanical damage).

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Roof Photographs

Photograph No. 32: Front slope with no creased, torn, or missing shingles consistent with the

effects of wind.

Photograph No. 33: Back slope with no creased, torn, or missing shingles consistent with the

effects of wind.

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Photograph No. 34: Vegetation in contact with the dwelling roof (deferred maintenance).

Photograph No. 35: Undulation in the shingle surfaces and ridge (differential foundation

movement; inadequate roof deck support).

Photograph No. 36: Interface of the dwelling back roof slope and back addition roof slope; note

expanded foam sealant installed as closure strip (installation deficiency).

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Photograph No. 37: Back addition roof with no folded, torn or missing metal panels consistent

with the effects of wind; note photographs by others taken prior to BSC's inspection and following Hurricane Harvey, depicted laminated architectural asphalt-composition shingle roofing in the area of metal R panel roofing.

Photograph No. 38: Slope measurement of the metal R panel roofing at the back addition slope;

note 1-1/4 inches vertical over 12 inches horizontal (1-1/4:12).

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Photograph No. 39: Typical condition at the gasketed fasteners throughout the metal panel

roofing; note the gaskets extended beyond the perimeter of the fastener heads and many were split (installation deficiency; over-tightening of fasteners).

Interior Photographs

Photograph No. 40: Entry and dining area with no moisture stains.

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Photograph No. 41: Typical drywall cracks and panel joint separations throughout the entry and

dining room (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 42: Floor slope measurements in the entry and dining room; note the floor

sloped downward approximately 0.9 percent toward the left and 1.9 percent toward the front.

Photograph No. 43: Hallway to the back of the entry and dining area with no moisture stains.

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Photograph No. 44: Typical drywall panel joint separations, discolorations, and areas of

differing finish and texture throughout the hallway (differential foundation movement; historical repairs/repairs in progress).

Photograph No. 45: Floor slope measurement in the hallway; note the floor sloped downward

approximately 1.7 percent toward the left; note insufficient width in the hallway for front-to-back slope measurement.

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Photograph No. 46: Front-left bedroom with no moisture stains; note the door to the bedroom

swung out into the hallway and contacted the floor (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 47: Typical drywall cracks and panel joint separations throughout the front-left

bedroom, some with corresponding areas of differing finish and texture (differential foundation movement; historical repairs).

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Photograph No. 48: Typical cracks in the rigid floor tile (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 49: Floor slope measurement in the front-left bedroom; note the floor sloped

downward approximately 2.3 percent toward the front and 1.1 percent toward the left.

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Photograph No. 50: Closet to the front-left bedroom with no moisture stains; note drywall

distress similar to that documented elsewhere throughout the dwelling (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 51: Middle-left bedroom with no moisture stains; note the back portion of the

middle-left bedroom was an apparent addition, with a significant change in floor slope directly below a left-to-right header (addition construction joint).

Photograph No. 52: Overview of the left-to-right header and floor below.

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Photograph No. 53: Door to the hallway; note the tapered separation, which was widest at the

right end (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 54: Four-foot level centered over the floor slope transition; note the front

portion was flush with the original dwelling foundation, while the back edge was approximately 1/2-inch above the floor level.

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Photograph No. 55: Drywall crack at the door to the hallway (differential foundation

movement).

Photograph No. 56: Floor slope measurements at the original portion of the bedroom; note the

floor was sloped downward approximately 1.0 percent toward the back and 0.6 percent toward the left.

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Photograph No. 57: Floor slope measurement at the back portion of the room; note the floor

was sloped approximately 1.3 percent toward the back.

Photograph No. 58: Utility room with no moisture stains; note there was a noticeable floor slope

under foot (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 59: Bathroom at the back-left with no moisture stains; note there was a

noticeable floor slope under foot (differential foundation movement).

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Photograph No. 60: Floor slope measurements in the back-left bathroom; note the floor sloped

downward approximately 1.8 percent toward the back and 0.5 percent toward the left.

Photograph No. 61: Common room at the back middle, in the apparent addition; note no

moisture stains.

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Photograph No. 62: Typical drywall cracks, drywall panel joint separations, and trim

separations throughout the room (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 63: Floor slope measurements in the back middle room; note the floor sloped

downward approximately 1.5 percent toward the back and 0.4 percent toward the right.

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Photograph No. 64: Separations at the grout joints in the rigid tile (differential foundation

movement).

Photograph No. 65: Back-right bedroom.

Photograph No. 66: Cracked and peeled paint and moisture drip marks on the right wall of the

back-right bedroom.

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Photograph No. 67: Steel utility pipe at the entrance to the back-right bedroom; note the pipe

was approximately three (3) inches above the door threshold and approximately six (6) inches above the interior finished floor of the back-right bedroom (trip hazard).

Photograph No. 68: Cracks in the rigid tile in the back-right bedroom (differential foundation

movement).

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Photograph No. 69: Floor slope measurements in the back-right bedroom; note the floor sloped

downward approximately 2.4 percent toward the back and 1.4 percent toward the right.

Photograph No. 70: Closet to the back-right bedroom with no moisture stains; note the interior

drywall had been partially textured but not painted (incomplete repairs/repairs in progress).

Photograph No. 71: Kitchen at the middle right with no moisture stains.

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Photograph No. 72: Cracks and mortar joint separations in the rigid floor tile (differential

foundation movement, potentially exacerbated by enclosure of previous garage).

Photograph No. 73: Drywall panel joint separations and areas of differing finish and texture

(differential foundation movement; historical repairs).

Photograph No. 74: Floor slope measurements in the kitchen; note the floor sloped downward

approximately 1.9 percent toward the back and 0.2 percent toward the right.

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Photograph No. 75: Living area at the front-right with no moisture stains; note the living area

appeared to be an enclosed one-car garage.

Photograph No. 76: Typical drywall panel joint separations and areas of differing finish and

texture in the living area (differential foundation movement).

Photograph No. 77: Floor slope measurements in the living area; note the floor sloped

downward approximately 1.9 percent toward the front and was generally flat in the left-to-right direction.

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Attic Photographs

Photograph No. 78: Attic facing front; note attic access was limited by contents.

Photograph No. 79: Attic facing right.

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Photograph No. 80: Attic facing back.

Photograph No. 81: Attic facing left.

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Photograph No. 82: Typical condition at the visible portions of the framing and decking in the

attic; note moisture stains with multiple wetting fronts and lighter-colored framing (apparent remedial repairs).

Storage Structure Photographs

Photograph No. 83: Storage structure located to the back of the dwelling; note the left elevation

was obscured by wood fencing and the back elevation was obscured by vegetation.


of wind.

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of wind.

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Photograph No. 86: Localized fractured glazing and deteriorated glazing bead at the windows

(mechanical damage; expected aging; deferred maintenance).

Photograph No. 87: Rot-deteriorated wood siding throughout (long-term moisture exposure).

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Photograph No. 88: Partially separated trim elements throughout (expected aging; deferred

maintenance).

Photograph No. 89: Rot-deteriorated fascia and soffit (long-term and recurring moisture

exposure).

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Photograph No. 90: Localized irregular indentations in the heat transfer fins of the window-

mounted air conditioner (mechanical damage).

Storage Structure Roof Photographs

Photograph No. 91: Overview of the storage structure primary roof with no folded, torn, or

missing metal panels consistent with the effects of wind.

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Photograph No. 92: Rusted metal panel toward the middle of the structure roof (expected aging).

Photograph No. 93: Patio roof at the right elevation with no wrinkled, torn, or missing roofing

consistent with the effects of wind; note debris on the roof surface (deferred maintenance).

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Photograph No. 94: Rusted edge metal throughout the roof (expected aging).

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BSC Forensics

Appendix B

Aerial Images

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BSC Forensics FIRST LAST Residence Aerial Photographs Page 1 of 21

Photograph No. 1: Google Earth image from the top, taken on February 23, 2019.

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Photograph No. 2: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on January 13, 2019; note the

change in appearance of the roofing as compared to the previous image (installation of metal panels on the back slope).

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Photograph No. 3: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on January 12, 2018.

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Photograph No. 4: Google Earth image from the top, taken on October 28, 2017.

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Photograph No. 5: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on February 16, 2017.

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Photograph No. 6: Google Earth image from the top, taken on January 23, 2017.

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Photograph No. 7: Google Earth image from the top, taken on March 3, 2016.

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Photograph No. 9: Google Earth image from the top, taken on July 31, 2015.

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Photograph No. 11: Google Earth image from the top, taken on April 8, 2014.

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Photograph No. 12: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on December 24, 2013.

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Photograph No. 14: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on December 20, 2012.

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Photograph No. 16: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on January 1, 2012; note the

tarpaulins on the back portion of the roof.

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Photograph No. 17: Google Earth image from the top, taken on March 10, 2011.

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Photograph No. 18: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on February 18, 2010.

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Photograph No. 19: Google Earth image from the top, taken on January 4, 2010.

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Photograph No. 20: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on September 26, 2008.

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Photograph No. 21: Pictometry aerial image from the top, taken on May 11, 2008.

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BSC Forensics

Appendix C

Weather Data

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10/3/2017 Major Hurricane Harvey - August 25-29, 2017

http://www.weather.gov/crp/hurricane_harvey 1/6

Corpus Christi, TXWeather Forecast Office

Major Hurricane Harvey - August 25-29, 2017Weather.gov > Corpus Christi, TX > Major Hurricane Harvey - August 25-29, 2017

Category 4 Hurricane Harvey: South T exas Landfall & Impacts from August 25 th to 29 th, 2017

Current Hazards Current Conditions Radar Forecasts Rivers and Lakes Climate and Past W eather Local Programs

Weekly Regional Rainfall ending August 30 th , 2017

South T exas Daily Rainfall between August 25 th and 27 th , 2017

Overview Harvey Stats Radar Satellite Winds Storm Surge Rainfall Rivers Seadrift T ornado Storm Reports Photos

http://www.weather.gov/


http://www.weather.gov/crp

http://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&issuedby=CRP&product=HWO

http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?&zoom=8&scroll_zoom=true&center=27.829360859789794,-99.2449951171875&basemap=OpenStreetMap&boundaries=true,false,false&obs=true&obs_type=weather&elements=temp,wind,gust&obs_popup=true&obs_density=1

http://radar.weather.gov/

http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?map.x=211&map.y=162&marine=0&site=CRP&zmx=1&zmy=1&FcstType=text&lat=&lon=#.V_ax3snMncc

http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/index.php?wfo=CRP

http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/index.php?wfo=crp


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Regional Rainfall between August 25 th and 30 th , 2017

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Weekly Texas Rainfall through August 30 th , 2017

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Corpus Christi, TXWeather Forecast Office

Major Hurricane Harvey - August 25-29, 2017Weather.gov > Corpus Christi, TX > Major Hurricane Harvey - August 25-29, 2017

Category 4 Hurricane Harvey: South Texas Landfall & Impacts from August 25th to 29th, 2017

Current Hazards Current Conditions Radar Forecasts Rivers and Lakes Climate and Past Weather Local Programs

Hurricane Harvey Summary PDF

...Hurricane Harvey is the first major hurricane to make landfall along the Middle TX Coast since Celia in 1970...

...Hurricane Harvey is the first Category 4 hurricane to make landfall along the TX Coast since Carla in 1961...

NHC Final Best Track of Harvey (Click points above to view additional information.)

Over the past several years, meteorologists in South Texas (and other areas) have stated "it's not a matter of if but when" a major

hurricane would strike the Middle Texas Coast. The last hurricane to do so was Celia back on August 3rd, 1970. Well, the "when"

happened on August 25th 2017, when Harvey made landfall along the Middle Texas Coast. Harvey exploded rapidly from a tropicaldepression to a major hurricane in around 40 hours. After impacting the Yucatan Peninsula earlier in the month as a tropical storm,

Harvey moved into the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico late on Tuesday August 22nd.

Overview Stats Radar Satellite Winds Storm Surge Rainfall Rivers Seadrift Tornado Storm Reports Photos One Year Later

ESRI, HERE, GARMIN | EARTHSTAR GEOGRAPHICS

+−




https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=NWS&issuedby=CRP&product=HWO

http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/map/?&zoom=8&scroll_zoom=true&center=27.829360859789794,-99.2449951171875&basemap=OpenStreetMap&boundaries=true,false,false&obs=true&obs_type=weather&elements=temp,wind,gust&obs_popup=true&obs_density=1

https://radar.weather.gov/

http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?map.x=211&map.y=162&marine=0&site=CRP&zmx=1&zmy=1&FcstType=text&lat=&lon=#.V_ax3snMncc

https://water.weather.gov/ahps2/index.php?wfo=CRP

https://w2.weather.gov/climate/index.php?wfo=crp

https://www.weather.gov/crp

https://www.weather.gov/media/crp/Hurricane_Harvey_Summary_Rockport.pdf

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/radar_loop.gif

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KCRP Radar Loop - 500 AM CDT August 25 through 912 AM CDT August 26, 2017

The birth of Harvey occurred on Sunday August 13th, 2017 as a tropical wave emerged off the west coast of Africa, eventuallymerging with a broad area of low pressure near the Cabo Verde Islands. At first, it was thought the wave and the low pressure areawould have a more west-northwest track, threatening the Lesser Antilles. However, this low stayed more on a westward course as itmoved over the open Atlantic Ocean toward the Eastern Caribbean Sea. For a few days on its westward track, "Harvey" remained

disorganized, and there was some uncertainty whether the low would become a tropical cyclone. However, by Thursday August 17th,the National Hurricane Center began issuing advisories and forecasts on Tropical Cyclone Nine Thursday morning, and Tropical StormHarvey Thursday afternoon. Tropical Storm Warnings were issued that afternoon for Martinique, St. Lucia, Barbados, and St. Vincent

and the Grenadines. Tropical Storm Harvey impacted the Windward Islands on Friday, August 18th, entering the Eastern CaribbeanSea as a minimal tropical storm, and eventually weakening to a tropical wave late Saturday evening. Although there was somepotential for the remnants of Harvey to reorganize into a tropical cyclone, a tropical cyclone failed to form as the remnants of Harvey

moved into the Yucatan Peninsula on Tuesday morning, August 22nd.

The genesis of Harvey from a Depression to a Major Hurricane: 542 PM CDT 08/23/17 to 657 PM CDT 08/26/17 (GOES-16 data is non-operational.)

With very warm waters in the Bay of Campeche and the Western Gulf of Mexico, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) was fairly

confident that the remnants of Harvey would reform into a tropical cyclone. At 10 AM CDT Wednesday August 23rd, TropicalDepression Harvey reformed. Initially, NHC believed Harvey would become either a strong tropical storm or a Category 1 hurricanebefore making landfall somewhere between Brownsville (early Friday morning) and Houston (early Saturday morning), with the mostlikely location near the Rockport area late Friday night . However, with wind shear in the Western Gulf of Mexico weakening, TropicalStorm Harvey was intensifying quickly. By Wednesday evening, Harvey was forecast to make landfall as a hurricane somewhere overthe Texas Coast.

On Thursday August 24th, Harvey's impact on the Middle and Upper Texas Coast seemed almost certain and potentiallydevastating. Not only was Harvey forecast to become a hurricane by Thursday evening, but it was expected to strengthen and makelandfall as a major hurricane (Category 3 or higher) on Friday (see forecast). Worse yet, once the storm moved inland, it was forecastto eventually stall and meander over South or Southeast Texas for days. Thus, Major hurricane Harvey was not only forecast toproduce devastating winds, but extremely heavy and excessive rainfall, producing devastating and historic flooding over areasespecially east of the center of circulation (still most likely just north of Copano Bay).

Harvey underwent rapid intensification and quickly became a Category 3 hurricane on Friday at 2 PM (120 mph sustained winds)and then a Category 4 hurricane (130 mph sustained winds) early Friday evening. As Harvey slowly approached the coast, theNational Weather Service in Corpus Christi issued a rare Extreme Wind Warning. Extreme wind warnings are issued for landfallingmajor hurricanes with winds of 115 mph or higher. Harvey was forecast to have winds in the eyewall between 115 and 130 mph!Three extreme wind warnings were ultimately issued for Harvey. The eye of Major Hurricane Harvey first made landfall on San JoseIsland and then near the Rockport and Fulton, Texas area at around 10 PM CDT.

Many observing stations in South Texas with equipment measuring wind speeds were disabled before they could record the highestwind speeds. Thus, some of the observed wind speeds tallied over South Texas may be underestimated, especially over areas nearthe coast and close to the eyewall of Harvey. The highest measured peak 1-second wind gust was 145 mph at 8 meters AGL (152mph at 10 m AGL) recorded at the Aransas County Airport in Rockport by the Center for Severe Weather Research. The next highestmeasured wind gust was 140 mph at 10 m AGL recorded at the Aransas County Airport in Rockport by the University of Florida'sFlorida Coastal Monitoring Program (FCMP). A peak wind gust of 133 mph was also reported 2 miles ENE of Port Aransas atapproximately 13 meters AGL (127 mph at 10 m AGL). A Texas Tech mobile "StickNet" platform located just southeast of AransasPass, measured 108 mph wind gust at 2.5 m AGL (135 mph at 10 m AGL).

Although the eye of Harvey made landfall around 30 miles northeast of the city of Corpus Christi, strong and damaging wind gustswere experienced away from the center of circulation at the Corpus Christi International Airport and in the city as well as otherlocations. The Corpus Christi International Airport had a 63 mph gust before it went offline. The Victoria RAWS station had a peakgust of 83 mph. Much higher wind gusts did occur in the city of Corpus Christi, as the Doppler radar showed velocities of 70 mph ormore, just a few hundred feet off the surface.

Rockport and Fulton were hardest by the storm as they took a direct hit from Harvey's eyewall. Many structures, residences, andbusiness in and near the Rockport and Fulton area were damaged or destroyed, as roofs were blown off and walls collapsed.Electricity and water services were lost. The city's infrastructure was crippled. Significant structural damage also occurred innumerous other coastal town including Port Lavaca, Copano Village, Aransas Pass, Port Aransas and Ingleside. You can see moredamage photos in the Photos section. Tens of thousands of South Texas residents and businesses lost power for days, with the

The genesis of Major Hurricane Harvey

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Harvey_image_082317_10AM.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Harvey_Forecast_10AM_0824.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/source/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/EWWCRP_2346.txt

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Harvey_Landfall.jpg

https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/MWR-D-17-0327.1

https://www.weather.gov/source/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Harvey_peak_gusts.txt

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Radar_Winds_all.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Rockport/Rockport_12.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Port_Lavaca/Port_Lavaca_033.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Copano_Village/Copano_Village_025.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Aransas_Pass/Aransas_Pass_027.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Port_Aransas/Port_Aransas_060.jpg

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Photos/Ingleside/Ingleside_005.jpg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzzb30VaGBI

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCS5XUuEPbCF2nAY9wCNg88w

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hardest hit areas likely losing power for several weeks. Although there was a significant number of trees, fences and power polesdown or damaged in the Corpus Christi Metropolitan area, structural damage was much more isolated.

The storm surge from Harvey brought dramatically increased water and tide levels over the Texas Coast. The highest maximumstorm tides were observed at the Aransas Wildlife Refuge, where the storm surge levels were more than 12 feet above ground level.Storm surge in Port Lavaca was also more than 10 feet and at least 6 feet in Port Aransas. Elsewhere across South Texas, storm tidelevels were from near 3 to 6 feet above ground level at Seadrift, Port O'Connor, Holiday Beach, Copano Bay, Port Aransas, and BobHall Pier.

Besides wind and storm surge, hurricanes and tropical storms are notorious for producing torrential rainfall and flash flooding.Unfortunately, Harvey was unique. Instead of moving inland and farther away from the coast, Harvey stalled over South andSoutheast Texas for days, producing catastrophic devastating and deadly flash and river flooding. Southeast Texas beared the bruntof the heavy rainfall, with some areas receiving more than 40 inches of rain in less than 48 hours! Cedar Bayou in Houston received astorm total of 51.88 inches of rainfall which is a new North American record. However, South Texas residents were not spared fromthis impact from Harvey, as heavy rainfall and flash flooding were observed over the eastern portions of the area. Several flash flood

warnings were issued during the evening and overnight hours of August 25th and 26th, as torrential tropical rains impacted thecoastal counties of the Coastal Bend, as well as the Victoria Crossroads region. 24-hour rainfall amounts ending at 7 AM Saturday

August 26th indicated that widespread 10 to 15 inch rainfall amounts (with isolated +15 inch amounts) had fallen over portions of SanPatricio, Refugio, and Aransas Counties. Most of the eastern half of South Texas received 3 or more inches of rainfall, with much loweramounts farther west. As Harvey drifted farther north, the heavier rainfall shifted with it, with 24 hour rainfall amounts ending on

Sunday August 27th of 3 or more inches over much of Victoria County and portions of Calhoun and Aransas Counties. The heavyrainfall shifted northeast into Southeast Texas on Monday. By then, 15 to 25 inch storm total (72-hour) rainfall amounts wereobserved over much of Aransas and Refugio Counties, as well as portions of San Patricio and Victoria Counties. Rainfall totals forHarvey decreased dramatically farther south and west, with portions of Webb County receiving no rainfall at all!

All of this excessive precipitation resulted in major river flooding over the Guadalupe River and the Garcitas and Coleto Creeks.Near major flooding was observed on the Copano Creek near Refugio, with moderate flooding on the Mission River (See the HydrologySection for the pertinent hydrographs). Other rivers and creeks over the eastern half of South Texas saw rises, but most did notexceed flood stage. As of this writing, the Guadalupe River at Victoria is expected to crest around 31.4 feet, while Bloomington isexpected to crest around 30 feet. If these verify, these will be the second highest crests at these two gauges since records have been

kept, with the record stage at Victoria occurring on October 20th 1998 (34.04 feet), and 34.00 feet at Bloomington on October 21st

1998.

After causing deadly and damaging winds and floods to South Texas, and catastrophic, historical, devastating, and life-threateningflooding over Southeast Texas, Harvey finally made its final landfall near Cameron, Louisiana during the overnight hours on

Wednesday August 30th. More heavy rainfall and flooding occurred over the Northern Gulf States on its final landfall. South Texasresidents who experienced Harvey will long remember the storm and, unfortunately many other residents will take a long time torecover from this historic and unusual tropical system.

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Rainfall/20170826_DailyRain_CWA.png

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/events/Hurricane_Harvey/Rainfall/20170827_DailyRain_CWA.png

https://www.weather.gov/images/crp/gis/regional_rainfall/Weekly_Regional_Rainfall_Map_ending_7AM_08282017.jpg

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Storm Events DatabaseSearch Results for Galveston and Harris Counties, TexasEvent Types: Flash Flood, Flood, Hail, Heavy Rain, High Wind, Hurricane (Typhoon), Strong Wind, Thunderstorm Wind, Tornado, Tropical Depression,Tropical Storm, Tsunami

Galveston and Harris counties contain the following zones: 'Harris', 'Galveston'

59 events were reported between 08/01/2017 and 08/31/2018 (396 days) Summary Info:

Number of County/Zone areas affected: 4

Number of Days with Event: 18

Number of Days with Event and Death: 2

Number of Days with Event and Death or Injury: 2

Number of Days with Event and Property Damage: 12

Number of Days with Event and Crop Damage: 4

Number of Event Types reported: 6 Column Definitions: 'Mag': Magnitude, 'Dth': Deaths, 'Inj': Injuries, 'PrD': Property Damage, 'CrD': Crop Damage

Wind Magnitude Definitions:

Measured Gust:'MG', Estimated Gust:'EG', Measured Sustained:'MS', Estimated Sustained:'ES'

Click on Location below to display details. Available Event Types have changed over time. Please refer to the Database Details for more information. Select: All Hail All Tornadoes All Wind Speeds Sort By: Date/Time (Oldest)

Location County/Zone St. Date Time T.Z. Type Mag Dth Inj PrD CrD

Totals: 78 0 40.003B 114.50KGALVESTON (ZONE) GALVESTON (ZONE) TX 08/25/2017 12:00 CST-6 Tropical Storm 3 0 10.000B 0.00KGALVESTON GALVESTON CO. TX 08/25/2017 13:18 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 0.50K 0.00KHARRIS (ZONE) HARRIS (ZONE) TX 08/26/2017 00:00 CST-6 Tropical Storm 36 0 10.000B 0.00KLAKE HOUSTON HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 03:30 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 100.00K 0.00KLOUETTA HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 06:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY S S ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 07:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 10:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KPORT BOLIVAR ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 13:15 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KHOUSTON WEISER ARPT HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 14:50 CST-6 Tornado EF1 0 0 500.00K 0.00KCYPRESS HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 15:20 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 30.00K 0.00KCYPRESS HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 16:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KTOMBALL HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 20:15 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KHOCKLEY HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 20:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KFRIENDSWOOD GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 20:45 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KJOYCE HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 21:45 CST-6 Flash Flood 36 0 10.000B 100.00KFRIENDSWOOD GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 22:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KACRE HOMES HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 22:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KSAN LEON GALVESTON CO. TX 08/26/2017 22:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 3 0 10.000B 10.00KHOCKLEY HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 22:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KCLEAR LAKE CITY HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 23:00 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 50.00K 0.00KCLINTON PARK HARRIS CO. TX 08/26/2017 23:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY S S ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 08/27/2017 00:40 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KKEMAH GALVESTON CO. TX 08/27/2017 03:03 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 200.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY S S ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 08/27/2017 04:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00K

National Centers for Environmental Information

http://www.commerce.gov/

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/details.jsp

https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/eventdetails.jsp?id=723449
























https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/

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BELLAIRE JCT HARRIS CO. TX 08/27/2017 09:15 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 50.00K 0.00KWHITE OAK ACRES HARRIS CO. TX 08/27/2017 10:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KTOMBALL HARRIS CO. TX 08/27/2017 12:45 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KWESTFIELD HARRIS CO. TX 08/27/2017 22:45 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KPASADENA HARRIS CO. TX 08/28/2017 00:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY S S ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 08/28/2017 08:50 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KWESTFIELD HARRIS CO. TX 08/28/2017 09:20 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KWALLIS GALVESTON CO. TX 08/28/2017 18:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KHIGH IS GALVESTON CO. TX 08/29/2017 07:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KGALVESTON GALVESTON CO. TX 08/29/2017 11:58 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 1.00K 0.00KWESTFIELD HARRIS CO. TX 08/29/2017 18:04 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KHOUSTON HARRIS CO. TX 09/18/2017 18:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KDEER PARK HARRIS CO. TX 09/21/2017 12:20 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 5.00K 0.00KDICKINSON GALVESTON CO. TX 10/20/2017 03:58 CST-6 Tornado EF0 0 0 50.00K 0.00KDICKINSON GALVESTON CO. TX 10/20/2017 04:00 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 50 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KLEAGUE CITY S S ARPT GALVESTON CO. TX 10/20/2017 04:30 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KHOWELLVILLE HARRIS CO. TX 01/11/2018 15:57 CST-6 Hail 1.00 in. 0 0 0.00K 0.00KBARKER HARRIS CO. TX 03/28/2018 15:45 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 50 kts. EG 0 0 2.00K 1.00KARCADIA GALVESTON CO. TX 03/29/2018 01:55 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 50 kts. EG 0 0 0.50K 0.50KGARDEN VILLAS HARRIS CO. TX 03/29/2018 02:00 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 50 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KGALVESTON GALVESTON CO. TX 03/29/2018 02:20 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 50 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KGALVESTON GALVESTON CO. TX 03/29/2018 02:20 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 1.00K 0.00KENGLEWOOD HARRIS CO. TX 04/03/2018 22:36 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00K(HOU)HOBBY ARPT HARRIS CO. TX 04/03/2018 22:50 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. MG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KDUMONT HARRIS CO. TX 04/03/2018 22:50 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KDUMONT HARRIS CO. TX 04/03/2018 22:50 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 0.00KEAST HAVEN HARRIS CO. TX 04/03/2018 22:51 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 70 kts. EG 0 0 2.000M 0.00KJACINTO CITY HARRIS CO. TX 05/26/2018 19:48 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 51 kts. EG 0 0 0.00K 3.00K(IAH)HOUSTON INTL AR HARRIS CO. TX 05/26/2018 19:50 CST-6 Hail 1.00 in. 0 0 0.00K 0.00KBACLIFF GALVESTON CO. TX 06/09/2018 14:00 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 3.00K 0.00KELLINGTON FIELD HARRIS CO. TX 07/03/2018 19:00 CST-6 Heavy Rain 0 0 0.00K 0.00KTAYLOR LAKE VLG HARRIS CO. TX 07/03/2018 19:47 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KSPRING HARRIS CO. TX 07/04/2018 09:00 CST-6 Flash Flood 0 0 0.00K 0.00KCLINTON PARK HARRIS CO. TX 07/31/2018 11:39 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts. EG 0 0 1.50K 0.00KMAGNOLIA GARDENS HARRIS CO. TX 08/10/2018 15:54 CST-6 Thunderstorm Wind 51 kts. EG 0 0 1.00K 0.00KTotals: 78 0 40.003B 114.50K




































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9/11/2017 National Weather Service - Climate Data

http://w2.weather.gov/climate/getclimate.php?wfo=hgx 1/2

Explanation of the Preliminary Monthly Climate Data (F6) Product

These data are preliminary and have not undergone final quality control by the NationalClimatic Data Center (NCDC). Therefore, these data are subject to revision. Final andcer tified climate data can be accessed at the NCDC - http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov.

WFO Monthly/Daily Climate Data

000 CXUS54 KHGX 011415 CF6HOU PRELIMINARY LOCAL CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA (WS FORM: F-6)

STATION: HOUSTON/HOBBY AIRPORT MONTH: AUGUST YEAR: 2017 LATITUDE: 29 38 N LONGITUDE: 95 17 W

TEMPERATURE IN F: :PCPN: SNOW: WIND :SUNSHINE: SKY :PK WND ================================================================================ 1 2 3 4 5 6A 6B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 12Z AVG MX 2MIN DY MAX MIN AVG DEP HDD CDD WTR SNW DPTH SPD SPD DIR MIN PSBL S-S WX SPD DR ================================================================================

1 95 80 88 4 0 23 T 0.0 0 7.7 16 110 M M 6 22 80 2 91 77 84 0 0 19 0.26 0.0 0 4.6 18 50 M M 8 3 22 50 3 94 77 86 2 0 21 0.00 0.0 0 5.1 15 30 M M 8 18 30 4 95 77 86 2 0 21 T 0.0 0 4.3 22 350 M M 6 3 24 350 5 95 77 86 2 0 21 0.29 0.0 0 5.1 20 200 M M 5 3 24 210 6 94 80 87 3 0 22 0.03 0.0 0 7.7 21 190 M M 7 3 28 190 7 89 76 83 -1 0 18 0.58 0.0 0 4.3 30 270 M M 9 3 39 270 8 89 76 83 -1 0 18 0.65 0.0 0 5.4 17 300 M M 8 1 21 310 9 95 78 87 3 0 22 0.00 0.0 0 6.1 15 160 M M 6 1 20 170 10 97 80 89 5 0 24 T 0.0 0 5.1 15 180 M M 4 3 19 180 11 97 81 89 5 0 24 0.03 0.0 0 6.3 21 240 M M 4 3 25 240 12 99 81 90 6 0 25 0.00 0.0 0 6.9 17 190 M M 4 22 180 13 98 80 89 5 0 24 0.00 0.0 0 8.8 16 170 M M 4 21 160 14 98 81 90 6 0 25 0.00 0.0 0 9.0 18 200 M M 4 24 200 15 98 81 90 6 0 25 0.00 0.0 0 9.4 18 150 M M 5 24 180 16 97 82 90 6 0 25 0.01 0.0 0 9.1 21 190 M M 4 26 200 17 99 82 91 7 0 26 0.00 0.0 0 8.2 17 180 M M 4 23 190 18 100 80 90 6 0 25 0.01 0.0 0 5.9 15 120 M M 3 21 130 19 100 80 90 6 0 25 0.00 0.0 0 5.0 15 150 M M 4 19 170 20 98 79 89 5 0 24 0.00 0.0 0 4.0 17 160 M M 4 3 23 160 21 95 81 88 4 0 23 T 0.0 0 5.0 14 160 M M 4 18 110 22 98 78 88 4 0 23 0.00 0.0 0 4.4 15 70 M M 4 3 20 60 23 95 79 87 3 0 22 0.00 0.0 0 4.5 15 110 M M 6 3 21 100 24 96 79 88 4 0 23 0.00 0.0 0 8.2 21 100 M M 7 3 27 100 25 82 77 80 -4 0 15 1.41 0.0 0 17.0 30 60 M M 9 13 43 80 26 86 76 81 -3 0 1612.07 0.0 0 15.8 36 100 M M 10 138 48 110 27 82 76 79 -5 0 1410.99 0.0 0 10.6 22 160 M M 10 13 32 180 28 79 73 76 -8 0 11 9.41 0.0 0 19.4 32 30 M M 8 1 42 40 29 76 73 75 -9 0 10 3.13 0.0 0 24.2 36 20 M M 10 1 49 30 30 89 74 82 -1 0 17 T 0.0 0 16.3 25 300 M M 5 32 310 31 94 74 84 1 0 19 0.00 0.0 0 8.3 20 270 M M 3 25 280 ================================================================================ SM 2890 2425 0 650 38.87 0.0 261.7 M 183 ================================================================================ AV 93.2 78.2 8.4 FASTST M M 6 MAX(MPH)

http://w2.weather.gov/climate/f6.php?wfo=hgx

http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/

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9/11/2017 National Weather Service - Climate Data

http://w2.weather.gov/climate/getclimate.php?wfo=hgx 2/2

MISC ----> # 36 100 # 49 30 ================================================================================ NOTES: # LAST OF SEVERAL OCCURRENCES

COLUMN 17 PEAK WIND IN M.P.H.

PRELIMINARY LOCAL CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA (WS FORM: F-6) , PAGE 2

STATION: HOUSTON/HOBBY AIRPORT MONTH: AUGUST YEAR: 2017 LATITUDE: 29 38 N LONGITUDE: 95 17 W

[TEMPERATURE DATA] [PRECIPITATION DATA] SYMBOLS USED IN COLUMN 16

AVERAGE MONTHLY: 85.7 TOTAL FOR MONTH: 38.87 1 = FOG OR MIST DPTR FM NORMAL: 1.5 DPTR FM NORMAL: 33.81 2 = FOG REDUCING VISIBILITY HIGHEST: 100 ON 19,18 GRTST 24HR 12.07 ON 26-26 TO 1/4 MILE OR LESS LOWEST: 73 ON 29,28 3 = THUNDER SNOW, ICE PELLETS, HAIL 4 = ICE PELLETS TOTAL MONTH: 0.0 INCH 5 = HAIL GRTST 24HR 0.0 6 = FREEZING RAIN OR DRIZZLE GRTST DEPTH: 0 7 = DUSTSTORM OR SANDSTORM: VSBY 1/2 MILE OR LESS 8 = SMOKE OR HAZE [NO. OF DAYS WITH] [WEATHER - DAYS WITH] 9 = BLOWING SNOW X = TORNADO MAX 32 OR BELOW: 0 0.01 INCH OR MORE: 13 MAX 90 OR ABOVE: 23 0.10 INCH OR MORE: 9 MIN 32 OR BELOW: 0 0.50 INCH OR MORE: 7 MIN 0 OR BELOW: 0 1.00 INCH OR MORE: 5

[HDD (BASE 65) ] TOTAL THIS MO. 0 CLEAR (SCALE 0-3) 1 DPTR FM NORMAL 0 PTCLDY (SCALE 4-7) 23 TOTAL FM JUL 1 0 CLOUDY (SCALE 8-10) 7 DPTR FM NORMAL 0

[CDD (BASE 65) ] TOTAL THIS MO. 650 DPTR FM NORMAL 56 [PRESSURE DATA] TOTAL FM JAN 1 2799 HIGHEST SLP 30.11 ON 10 DPTR FM NORMAL 458 LOWEST SLP 29.61 ON 28

[REMARKS] #FINAL-08-17#

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BSC Forensics

Appendix D

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KITCHEN

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DININGROOM/ENTRY

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LEGEND

= MOISTURE STAIN LOCATION

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PROPERTY OWNER: FIRST LAST#### STREET, CITY, TEXAS

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