broadcasting astronomical events report: 2012 total solar ... · del-046 01 december 4th, 2012...

GLORIA is funded by the European Union 7th Framework Programme

(FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 283783

Broadcasting astronomical events report: 2012 Total Solar Eclipse

CODE: DEL-046

VERSION: 01

DATE: December 4th, 2012

DEL-046 01 December 4th, 2012 Broadcasting astronomical events report

Authors: Luciano NICASTRO (INAF)Davide RICCI (INAF)Miguel Ángel PÍO JIMÉNEZ (IAC)Miquel SERRA-RICART (IAC)Lech MANKIEWICZ (UNIWARSAW)

Collaborators: Alejandro GALTIER (CanarCloud)

Revised by: Jose María SEBASTIAN (UPM)Fernando IBÁÑEZ (UPM)

Approved by: Francisco Manuel SÁNCHEZ (UPM)Raquel CEDAZO (UPM)

Distribution List:

Name Affiliation Date

Eliana PALAZZI INAF November 28th, 2012

Miguel Ángel PÍO JIMÉNEZ IAC November 28th, 2012

Miquel SERRA-RICART IAC November 28th, 2012

Lorraine HANLON UCD November 28th, 2012

Chris LINTOTT UOXF November 28th, 2012

Fernando IBÁÑEZ UPM November 28th, 2012

Lech MANKIEWICZ UNIWARSAW November 28th, 2012

Grigory BESKIN SAO November 28th, 2012

Stanislav VITEK CVUT November 28th, 2012

Raquel CEDAZO UPM December 4th, 2012

Jose María SEBASTIAN UPM December 4th, 2012

Francisco Manuel SÁNCHEZ UPM December 4th, 2012

http://gloria-project.eu 3/26


Change Control

Issue Date Section Page Change Description

01 04/12/2012 All All Creation

Reference Documents

Nº Document Name Code Version

R.1 Venus transit: educational activity 1: Earth-Sun distance DEL-019 01

R.2 Venus transit: educational activity 2: Midnight Sun DEL-020 01



Index1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................7

1.1. Responsibilities.................................................................................................................................................72. The event...................................................................................................................................................................73. The Expedition..........................................................................................................................................................8

3.1. The team...........................................................................................................................................................93.2. Weather conditions and production................................................................................................................10

4. Educational activity................................................................................................................................................104.1. Web tool..........................................................................................................................................................11

5. Multimedia material................................................................................................................................................135.1. Before the event..............................................................................................................................................135.2. During the event.............................................................................................................................................145.3. After the event................................................................................................................................................15

6. National initiatives..................................................................................................................................................177. The event on the press.............................................................................................................................................198. Technical report: Infrastructure..............................................................................................................................19

8.1. Portal Web of the Broadcast...........................................................................................................................199. Technical report: Web Contributors........................................................................................................................20

9.1. Basic Web Contributor...................................................................................................................................209.2. Advanced Web Contributor............................................................................................................................209.3. Websites with embedded player.....................................................................................................................20

10. Technical report: Video contributors....................................................................................................................2110.1. Wowza Contributors.....................................................................................................................................2110.2. Televisions and Repeaters............................................................................................................................21

11. Technical report: Statistics....................................................................................................................................2111.1. Broadcast Web portal....................................................................................................................................2111.2. Google Analytics..........................................................................................................................................2111.3. Top 10...........................................................................................................................................................2211.4. Awstat............................................................................................................................................................2211.5. Web sites with embedded player (own or given).........................................................................................23

12. Technical report: Video Streaming.......................................................................................................................2312.1. Televisions and Repeaters............................................................................................................................2412.2. Totals and comparison..................................................................................................................................25



Figures IndexFigure 1: Eclipse 2012 Logo.........................................................................................................................................7Figure 2: Full band (blue lines) of the eclipse of November 13, 2012 as reported by NASA. The green dot indicates where the maximum duration of the eclipse can be seen. The observation point of the expedition will be around the city of Cairns (Queensland state) northeast of Australia............................................................................8Figure 3: Observation points of the expedition. The red line represents the centre of the totality band. The observation points are located on the coast and inland (red dots G1, G2 and G3)......................................................9Figure 4: Representation of the drop in solar radiation or luminosity (blue) and temperature (red) as a function of time measured during the total solar eclipse of 13th November 2012. Green triangles mark the time of eclipse contacts (C1=05:44:58, C2 =06:38:55, C3=06:40:22, C4=07:40:13)........................................................................11Figure 5: The web interface to interactively select the minima of the luminosity and the temperature measured during the eclipse at Mareeba.....................................................................................................................................12Figure 6: The histograms showing the statistics of all the input values with highlighted the bin where the last user inserted values fall......................................................................................................................................................13Figure 7: The reference web page dedicated to the event..........................................................................................14Figure 8: The landscape at G2 during the totality. The edge of the totality band is visible on the right...................15Figure 9: GLORIA website access statistics from 10 to 15 November 2012............................................................16Figure 10: GLORIA website access demographics from 10 to 15 November 2012.................................................16Figure 11: IAC website screenshot advertising the live webcasting of the eclipse...................................................17Figure 12: Focus.it website main page and event dedicated page advertising GLORIA live webcasting................18Figure 13: Overall broadcasting infrastructure used for the live webcasting............................................................19Figure 14: live.gloria-project.eu access statistics for the 13th-15th November 2012...............................................21Figure 15: Awstat cumulative statistics of visitors access to live.gloria-project.eu during the event........................22Figure 16: A) Simultaneous and cumulative video connections served during the event.........................................23Figure 17: B) Simultaneous and cumulative video connections served during the event.........................................24Figure 18: Overall statistics for the 13th November broadcast (20:30-20:45 UT)....................................................25Figure 19: Comparison of visits and viewers to the website of the broadcast in the various events, TSE-2010 (Total Solar Eclipse, July 11th, 2010, Easter Island), TLE-2010 (Total Lunar Eclipse, December 20th, 2010, Teide), TLE-2011 (Total Lunar Eclipse, June 15th, 2011, Teide), NL-2011 (Northern Lights, in August 2011, Greenland), VT-2012 (Transit of Venus, June 6th, 2012, Australia / Japan / Norway ), NL-2012 (Northern Lights, in August 2012, Greenland), TSE-2012 (Total Solar Eclipse, November 13th, 2012, Australia).............................25



1. Introduction

Aim of this document is to give an overview of the activities performed during the Totla solar eclispe of the 13th November 2012 and to summarise the outcome in terms of material production and response by the general public.The document is divided in two main sections: the first one is dedicated to the organizational aspects and initiatives that GLORIA has set up for the event, whereas the second one is dedicated to the technical aspects of the live broadcasting.

1.1. Responsibilities

This document is under the responsibility of the WP2 coordinator, i.e. INAF (deputy IAC). The technical report included here is under the responsibility of Alejandro Galtier Hernández, CEO of CanarCloud (www . canarcloud . es ) which is the private contractor in charge of the dedicated infrastructure deployment and supervision.

2. The event

After more than a year without total solar eclipses (the last took place on July 11, 2010) the Moon's shadow revisited the Earth's surface on 13th November 2012. The tour of the shadow started in Australia and then moved to the Pacific Ocean. The maximum eclipse occurred in the middle of the Pacific Ocean with a duration of 4 minutes and 2 seconds at 22:11 UT.

In order to allow as many people as possible to watch the event in real time, GLORIA organized an expedition with solar telescopes to Australia and transmitted the live streaming video of the event on the Internet. Video streaming were transmitted from Mareeba, nearby Cairns. A total of three observing sites were used. There the eclipse lasted about 2 minutes with the central totality occurring at 20:40 UT (6:40 AEST). Additionally two weather stations collected atmospheric data to be used to perform an educational activity. In fact during a solar eclipse it is observed that the decrease of the environmental temperature due to the decrease of the solar radiation, or ambient brightness, is delayed. This behaviour reflects the thermal inertia of the local environment.


Figure 1: Eclipse 2012 Logo

http://www.canarcloud.es/






Figure 2: Full band (blue lines) of the eclipse of November 13, 2012 as reported by NASA. The green dot indicates where the maximum duration of the eclipse can be seen. The observation point of the expedition will be around the city of Cairns (Queensland state) northeast of Australia.

3. The Expedition

The expedition was made in collaboration with Shelios Association (shelios.org), responsible for the planning, logistics and execution of the expedition. Collaboration for the satellite communications came from The Army, Canary Command and for the transport logistics from Iberia Group.

Three different observation points were used (see Fig. 2):

1. G3. On the Coast, in the surroundings of Oak Beach.2. G2. Inland. Highway Rt-81 (Mulligan Hwy, Bob’s Lookout).3. G1. Inland. Near town of Mareeba (Granite Gorge Nature Park) , the coordination and drafting group.

The expedition and retransmission was coordinated and directed by Dr. Miquel Serra-Ricart (GLORIA astronomer, IAC manager of the Teide Observatory).



Figure 3: Observation points of the expedition. The red line represents the centre of the totality band. The observation points are located on the coast and inland (red dots G1, G2 and G3).

3.1. The team

The expedition team was composed by 14 people, 5 of which are members of the GLORIA team. The GLORIA group was formed by:

• Dr. Miquel Serra Ricart: Coordinator of the broadcast and project leader. Astronomer at the Instituto de

Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC) and Administrator of the Observatorio del Teide.

• Dr. Urko Serrano: Engineer from the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM). Broadcast manager.

• Dr. Vanessa Stroud, Astronomer from Faulkes Telescopes (FT). English version comment/script.

• Mr. Cristian Iglesias, The Army, Canary Command, Satellite communication.

• Mr. Miguel Angel Pio, Astronomer at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC).

Additionally there are two external people of Shelios (J.C. Casado) and SECAT (D. Hernández) associations (both private non-profit entities).Their travel started on November 6th 2012 and arrived to Australia on November 8th. The base camp for the live broadcasting was near Mareeba (Granite Gorge Nature Park), village close to Great Barrier Reef coast (Queensland). They left Australia, after the transit, on November 15th to arrive in Spain on November 16th.

The Infrastructure that they used was:

• 2 x Telescope (Borg 77 EDII) and a mount (Astrotrack) with a sidereo/solar guider.

• 6 cameras including 2 x Canon 5D-Mark II + 1 Mark III (photos/video) in the focus of the telescope (+

CanonUtility soft).

• 2 x DBK cameras model 41AU02.AS with 200mm tele-lenses.



• Webcam (GoPro HERO2 with Teradek Cube 255) for presenters (Miquel&Vanessa).

• 3 x Apple Computer (realization and coordination via CamTwist/Adobe Encoder for MAC OS).

• Satellites (Explorer 700 and Explorer 500) and connection (BGAN X-Stream - 350 kbps - 43 Kps).

• Telephone Connection (voice and data).

• 2 x Wireless microphone (Samson) and a mixer/recorder (Handy H4n).

• Connection Urko/Miquel by walky talky.

3.2. Weather conditions and production

Unfortunately the weather conditions were not optimal at all sites. In particular:

G1: Mareeba. M. Serra-Ricart, V. Stroud, U. Serrano.Clear skies (some thin cirrus).1 camera.

• Images taken during totality with the solar corona.

G2: Highway Rt-81. M.A. Pio, J.C. Casado.Clear skies (some cirrus).4 cameras.

• Timelapse sequence (1 minute & 5 seconds).

• Landscape sequence (narrow field-50mm & wide field-15mm).

• Still detailed images of totality (Canon 5D Mark III Telelens Canon 800 mm f/5,6).

G3: D. Hernandez.Clouds.1 camera.

• Timelapse sequence (1 minute).

In total 3 videos (10 minutes each) and 2500 images (all in RAW and JPG formats) were produced.

4. Educational activity

During a total solar eclipse, the amount of time delay between the minimum of the ambient brightness and minimum of measured temperature depends on many factors: the time of day when the eclipse occurs, the presence of nearby bodies, of water such as a lake or sea, proximity to wooded areas, etc. but it is easily measurable. The activity uses the collected data and requires that 1. the time at which the minimum intensity of light occurs, coincident with the maximum Eclipse (second contact) and 2. the time at which the temperature is a minimum must be noted. The thermal response of the atmosphere or the atmospheric thermal inertia is the time interval between these two minima. Figure 3 shows graphically the data collected by the weather station located at Mareeba (G1). Unfortunately it was not possible to collect data at a resolution of 5-s around the time of the totality. In some way this make the educational activity more interesting because it leaves more freedom to the users in estimating the minima.



Figure 4: Representation of the drop in solar radiation or luminosity (blue) and temperature (red) as a function of time measured during the total solar eclipse of 13th November 2012. Green triangles mark the time of eclipse contacts (C1=05:44:58, C2 =06:38:55, C3=06:40:22, C4=07:40:13).

4.1. Web tool

To encourage and help as many users as possible to perform the activity, we implemented an interactive web tool that displays the solar radiation and temperature recorded during the eclipse and allows the users to input with the cursor their guessed values of the minimum of brightness and temperature (see Fig. 4). The data are stored into a database and their statistics are accessible. The newly inserted data are compared with the previously inserted ones (see Fig. 5). Once a reasonably large number of inputs will be collected, we will prepare an online public report that summarizes the results. Statistics and comments will also be included.The web tool uses modern technologies and is provided with a textual and video tutorial. It is available in eight different languages (see Fig. 4 and gloria - project . eu / eclipse - meteo / ).


http://gloria-project.eu/eclipse-meteo/











Figure 5: The web interface to interactively select the minima of the luminosity and the temperature measured during the eclipse at Mareeba.



Figure 6: The histograms showing the statistics of all the input values with highlighted the bin where the last user inserted values fall.

5. Multimedia material

5.1. Before the event

In addition to the mentioned didactic activity, various multimedia material were prepared for this unique event:● Dedicated web pages were prepared in all the GLORIA languages. See e.g. the English version of the

event web page under the “Expeditions” menu (gloria - project . eu / solar - eclipse -2012/ ) and the related sub-pages (see Fig. 6).

● An advertising video with subtitles in the various languages was prepared and published on the GLORIA YouTube channel (also linked on the website). See http :// youtu . be / ITJXBilBTig . It was a real success with more than 135,000 views!

● A press-release in all languages was prepared and distributed (see gloria - project . eu / solar - eclipse - 2012/ for - the - press / ).

● The webcasting reference website live . gloria - project . eu was update and made accessible both in English and Spanish.


http://live.gloria-project.eu/







http://gloria-project.eu/solar-eclipse-2012/for-the-press/

















http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITJXBilBTig







http://gloria-project.eu/solar-eclipse-2012/











Figure 7: The reference web page dedicated to the event.

5.2. During the event

The live broadcasting was performed from Mareeba. There the total duration of the eclipse was 1h 27m and the retransmission was performed in two ways: 1) Live: There was a live connection with a total duration of 15 minutes to encompass the second (C2=20:38:54.9 UT) and third (C3=20:40:22.4 UT) contacts and with streaming images of the Sun. Connection: Contacts 2 and 3 – 13th November 20:30 to 20:45 UT (21:30 to 21:45 CET).

Note: The local time at the observing sites was 6:30 to 6:45 Australia EST (14th November).Note: UT – Universal Time; CET – Central European Time.

2) Time-lapsed: From 19:45 UT on November 13th, and every five minutes thereafter, the image of the Sun (partially eclipsed by the Moon) was refreshed from the three observation points.

The broadcast was complemented by live comments about the event in English and Spanish.



Figure 8: The landscape at G2 during the totality. The edge of the totality band is visible on the right.

The announcement of the event triggered a discussion among the Facebook followers that lead to an increase of subscribers from about 1,400 to more than 4,000. At the time of writing this number has increased to more than 5,000.

5.3. After the event

Activities started soon after the end of the transit include: videos production, time-lapse animations, images collection, statistics collection, etc. See for example the YouTube channel gloriaproject . All these activities will continue in the next months.

The GLORIA website access statistics and demographics are shown in Fig. 8 and 9. During the period 10-15 November we received 54,904 visits (46,771 unique) and 104,032 page views. Statistics about the webcast are reported in the technical section below.


http://www.youtube.com/user/gloriaproject


Figure 9: GLORIA website access statistics from 10 to 15 November 2012.

Figure 10: GLORIA website access demographics from 10 to 15 November 2012.

See below for a detailed report of the webcasting that includes various types of statistics.



6. National initiatives

All partners have used this event to advertise GLORIA in various contexts at national level. Here we list some of them:

IAC, CSIC, UMA, UPM:● A press release (http :// www . iac . es / divulgacion . php ? op 1=16& id =769 ) was sent to national and latin

america journalist, amateur astronomers and museums. The eclipse information also was included in the news section of the main IAC webpage www . iac . es (see Fig. 10).

● Information about live webcasting and educational activity was circulated (two weeks before the event) to national CEPS (Secondary Teacher Centers) and main secondary schools.

● The information about live webcasting was posted in GLORIA facebook and other sites (astromadrid, sky-live.tv, ciclope-astro).

Figure 11: IAC website screenshot advertising the live webcasting of the eclipse.

INAF:information about the GLORIA initiative and live webcasting was distributed nationwide by the internal list of employees and associated people as well as to the custom list of journalists. INAF outreach website media . inaf . it also wrote an article announcing the live webcastig (media . inaf . it /211/13/ eclissi - totale - sole - gloria / ). The news appeared on national newspapers and on several web sites, including Focus . it , the website of the most popular science magazine in Italy (see Fig. 11).


http://www.focus.it/



http://www.media.inaf.it/211/13/eclissi-totale-sole-gloria/














http://www.media.inaf.it/





http://www.iac.es/

http://www.iac.es/

http://www.iac.es/

http://www.iac.es/

http://www.iac.es/

http://www.iac.es/divulgacion.php?op1=16&id=769

















Figure 12: Focus.it website main page and event dedicated page advertising GLORIA live webcasting.

UNIWARSAW:● A thread on Astropolis . pl amateur astronomy portal. ● Info and materials were posted on Hands-On Universe, Poland website.● Polish Academy of Science advertised broadcast on its Popular Science website. Some Institutes did it as

well.● Popular Polish daily Gazeta Wyborcza posted an article about eclipse and broadcast on their internet web

site.● Szkola 2.0 (School 2.0) NGO aimed at the introduction of modern technologies into education advertised

broadcast on Facebook.● L. Mankiewicz gave a radio interview, with an additional one together with F. Zarnecki, which also had a

few interviews for other media.

UOXF:the event advertisement caught the BBC TV channel interest that asked to use images from the webcast/expedition for their “Sky at Night” show. It will be on air in December. Typical audience of the show is in excess of 800,000 people.


http://astropolis.pl/




7. The event on the press

The Total solar eclipse event had a big media impact and articles about it can be found almost on any media source, especially on the web. We have selected and saved a sublist of more than 80 of them in the GLORIA archive. It is accessible from gloria - project . eu / press - coverage / .

8. Technical report: Infrastructure

8.1. Portal Web of the Broadcast

The infrastructure deployed by CanarCloud (www . canarcloud . es ) was based on a VMware vSphere Cluster 5 (www . canarcloud . es / vmware / ) based also on an Intel Nehalem architecture interconnected to a centralized RAID storage system capable of supporting the load of the several thousands of requests on the website of the broadcast along with a DNS balancer. This interconnected all web instances, both physical and virtual of all collaborators, ensuring an equitable load sharing of all website visits among all instances (see Fig. 12).

Figure 13: Overall broadcasting infrastructure used for the live webcasting.

The operation of this architecture is as follows:

• Clients make the request to the web portal of the broadcast that should be designed so that the size (in

bytes) is minimized.

• A Load Balancing system decides which of all servers that form the cluster will serve every request that

comes in terms of the policy implemented.


http://www.canarcloud.es/vmware/













http://gloria-project.eu/press-coverage/











• The client is served by the server selected by the load balancing system.

9. Technical report: Web Contributors

Was requested assistance from public or private institutions, associations, foundations, etc. to aid in the dissemination via Internet of gateway of the broadcast (live . gloria - project . eu ) in an attempt to prevent the collapse of massive confluence requests.

9.1. Basic Web Contributor

In this type of collaboration, institution, organization, association, etc. temporarily attached a machine or set of machines to the cluster property proposed. This machine (or machines) that are grouped together, served web portal with all the contents of the broadcast.

● Gloria Project [1 web server] www . gloria - project . eu ● The Center of Serveis científics i acadèmics de Catalunya [1 web server] www . cesca . cat ● University College Dublin or Irland [1 web server] www . ucd . ie ● Chile University [1 web server] www . uchile . cl ● TOTAL [4 web servers]

9.2. Advanced Web Contributor

Collaborating with one or more machines compatible with VMware vSphere 5 with more than 4 GB of RAM, more than 4 cores, 3 or more IPs and a bandwidth of 100 Mbps or more have collaborated integrating these machines as remote nodes of the cluster.

● CanarCloud [1 vSphere 5 cluster + 2 nodes + 4 VPS] www . canarcloud . es ● INAF IASF of Bologna [1 vSphere 5 node + 1 VPS] www . iasfbo . inaf . it ● The Warsaw University [1 VirtualBox node + 4 VPS] www . uw . edu . pl ● Astronomical Institute of Academy of Sciences [1 vSphere 5 node + 2 VPS]● TOTAL [11 VPS]

9.3. Websites with embedded player

Besides the previous contributors, we also find websites that requested the addition of a player on their websites consuming our video signal but independently supporting web visits.

• SINC Agency: www . agenciasinc . es / Retransmisiones / EN - DIRECTO - Eclipse - total - de - Sol

• Canarias 7: www . canarias 7. es / eclipsesol . cfm

• El País: www . elpais . es

• TVN Meteo: www . tvnmeteo . pl

• Focus: www . focus . it

• Yahoo: es . noticias . yahoo . com / sigue - en - directo - el - eclipse - total - de - sol -13112012. html

• Público: www . publico . es / ciencias /445302/ en - directo - eclipse - total - de - sol -2012


http://www.publico.es/ciencias/445302/en-directo-eclipse-total-de-sol-2012




















http://es.noticias.yahoo.com/sigue-en-directo-el-eclipse-total-de-sol-13112012.html






























http://www.tvnmeteo.pl/





http://www.elpais.es/





http://www.canarias7.es/eclipsesol.cfm









http://www.agenciasinc.es/Retransmisiones/EN-DIRECTO-Eclipse-total-de-Sol



















http://www.uw.edu.pl/







http://www.iasfbo.inaf.it/












http://www.uchile.cl/





http://www.ucd.ie/

http://www.ucd.ie/

http://www.ucd.ie/

http://www.ucd.ie/

http://www.ucd.ie/

http://www.cesca.cat/





http://www.gloria-project.eu/















10. Technical report: Video contributors

10.1. Wowza Contributors

Contributors with one or more machines compatible with VMware vSphere 5 with more than 4 GB of RAM, more than 4 cores, 3 or more IPs and a bandwidth of 1 Gbps have collaborated integrating these machines as remote nodes of the cluster and enabling deployment 3.1.2 Wowza instances joining to the instances deployed by CanarCloud:

• CanarCloud [2 instances m1.small + 100 instances m1.large Wowza Amazon EC2] www . canarcloud . es

10.2. Televisions and Repeaters

Contributors with Live-Stream infrastructure have been redeployed our own signal through their web portals or television.

• Sky-Live.TV: www . sky - live . tv

• CanarCloud Blog: www . canarcloud . tv / blog /2012/11/08/ eclipse - solar - en - directo - en - la - web /

• La Vanguardia: www . lavanguardia . com / ciencia /20121112/54355015086/ eclipse - solar - total - australia - directo . html

• Terra: www . terra . es

11. Technical report: Statistics

11.1. Broadcast Web portal

To obtain statistics of visits of the web portal of the broadcast (live.gloria-project.eu) was enabled a statistics collection service of Google Analytics for global data of the portal and locally the Awstat collector to analyze the individual contribution of each collaborator.The period analysed includes visits from 13th (0h UT) to 15th (0h UT) November, 2012.

11.2. Google Analytics

Under this service we can see that in the analyzed period we obtained 186,298 visits and 249,994 pageviews, with a maximum of 33,946 visits and 54,554 pageviews at the time of the broadcast, as we can see in the chart below (Fig. 13).

Figure 14: live.gloria-project.eu access statistics for the 13th-15th November 2012.


http://www.terra.es/





http://www.lavanguardia.com/ciencia/20121112/54355015086/eclipse-solar-total-australia-directo.html




















http://www.canarcloud.tv/blog/2012/11/08/eclipse-solar-en-directo-en-la-web/






















http://www.sky-live.tv/













11.3. Top 10

The table below shows information about country, browser and operative system of the live.gloria-project.eu website visitors.

Country of OriginArgentina 41,26%Spain 14,29%Poland 11,40%Chile 6,73%Mexico 4,28%Italy 3,00%Ecuador 2,53%Colombia 1,80%Russia 1,77%United States 1,54%

BrowserChrome 48,35%Firefox 23,48%Internet Explorer

14,79%

Safari 5,68%Android Browser

3,29%

Opera 2,34%Safari (in-app). 1,30%Opera Mini 0,35%IE with Chrome F

0,16%

Mozilla Compat.

0,08%

Operating SystemWindows 85,21%iOS 4,11%Macintosh 4,02%Android 3,88%Linux 1,73%BlackBerry 0,48%(not set) 0,27%SymbianOS 0,16%Windows Phone

0,08%

Nokia 0,04%

11.4. Awstat

According to the statistics collection tool Awstat, locally installed in most instances web partners, we can see the contribution of each one of the contributors to the total percentage of hits, pages and broadcast traffic (see Fig. 14).

Figure 15: Awstat cumulative statistics of visitors access to live.gloria-project.eu during the event.

Totalling the data obtained from those collaborators with Awstat installed, we see that globally the portal live . gloria - project . eu has received 315,726 visits and 14,327,403 pageviews, providing 95.469 GB of data.










11.5. Web sites with embedded player (own or given)

If we analyze the data provided by those collaborators who have publicized the event in their own web pages using, both our own infrastructure player as their own infrastructure, we find the following information:Sky-Live.TV (www . sky - live . tv )Through the portal of Sky-Live.TV were obtained 62,940 visits and 2,064,732 pageviews, with a maximum of 4,407 visits and 6,903 pageviews at the time of the broadcast, providing 79,061 GB of data.CanarCloud Blog (www . canarcloud . tv / blog /2012/11/08/ eclipse - solar - en - directo - en - la - web / )Through the Blog of CanarCloud we obtained 1,295 visits and 2,765 pageviews, with a maximum of 442 visits and 537 pageviews in the moment of the broadcast, providing 0.392 GB of data.SINC Agency (www . agenciasinc . es / Retransmisiones / EN - DIRECTO - Eclipse - total - de - Sol )Through the SINC Agency portal we obtained 6,824 visits and 8,933 pageviews.Canarias 7 (www . canarias 7. es / eclipsesol . cfm )Through the Canarias 7 portal we obtained 2,994 visits and 3,284 pageviews, with a maximum of 1,718 visits and 2,298 pageviews in the moment of the broadcast.Terra: Through the Terra portal we obtained ~50,000 visits.TVN Meteo: Through the TVN Meteo portal we obtained ~100,000 visits.Focus: Through the Focus portal we obtained ~100,000 visits.Yahoo: Through the Yahoo portal we obtained ~50,000 visits.

Note: the values in bold are estimates.

12. Technical report: Video Streaming

To obtain direct statistics, CanarCloud has developed a collection service responsible for monitoring REST at intervals of two minutes to each and every one of the Wowza instances (see Fig. 15).


Figure 16: A) Simultaneous and cumulative video connections served during the event.



























































According to this service, we can observe a total of 175,520 visitors were connected to the live, from wich 5,067 visitors simultaneously observed the retransmission, reaching a maximum total bandwidth of 2003.82 MBps and data traffic transferred 128.15 GB.

12.1. Televisions and Repeaters

Analyzing data from those collaborators with Live-Stream infrastructure that have redistributed our own signal through their websites or televisions, we obtain the following results:

Sky-Live.TV (www . sky - live . tv )Through the Sky-Live.TV infrastructure we can observe that a total of 19,428 visitors were connected live, 411 visitors of which simultaneously observed the broadcast.CanarCloud Blog (www . canarcloud . tv / blog /2012/11/08/ eclipse - solar - en - directo - en - la - web / )Through the Canarcloud infrastructure we can observe that a total of 2,468 visitors were connected live, 104 visitors of which simultaneously observed the broadcast.

Breaking down the data, both partners with their own infrastructure and those who requested % of our CDN to distribute our signals, depending on the source from which they consumed the signals during the broadcast, we obtain the data shown in Figure 16.


Figure 17: B) Simultaneous and cumulative video connections served during the event.































Figure 18: Overall statistics for the 13th November broadcast (20:30-20:45 UT).

12.2. Totals and comparison

The table below summarises the visits count for the live.gloria-project.eu web portal and the live video streaming, whereas Figure 17 compares the figures among the seven events so far broadcasted. The last three refer to GLORIA events.

Visits Maximum

Web portal 689,779 54,554

Video 175,520 5,067

Figure 19: Comparison of visits and viewers to the website of the broadcast in the various events, TSE-2010 (Total Solar Eclipse, July 11th, 2010, Easter Island), TLE-2010 (Total Lunar Eclipse, December 20th, 2010, Teide), TLE-2011 (Total Lunar Eclipse, June 15th, 2011, Teide), NL-2011 (Northern Lights, in August 2011, Greenland), VT-2012 (Transit of Venus, June 6th, 2012, Australia / Japan / Norway ), NL-2012 (Northern Lights, in August 2012, Greenland), TSE-2012 (Total Solar Eclipse, November 13th, 2012, Australia).



GLORIA Partners

UPMUniversidad Politécnica de MadridSPAIN

AUAVAstronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCZECH REPUBLIC

CSICConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasSPAIN

CTUTCzech Technical University in PragueCZECH REPUBLIC

IP-ASCRInstitute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicCZECH REPUBLIC

IACInstituto de Astrofísica de CanariasSPAIN

INAFIstituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaITALY

SAOSpecial Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of SciencesRUSSIA

UCDNUIDUniversity College DublinIRELAND

UCUniversity of ChileCHILE

UMAUniversity of MálagaSPAIN

UOXFUniversity of OxfordUNITED KINGDOM

UNIWARSAWUniwersytet Warszawski POLAND

INTAInstituto Nacional de Técnica AeroespacialSPAIN
