broadband universal service obligation in switzerland ......oct 13, 2006 · swiss universal...

Broadband Universal Service Obligation in Switzerland: Technical Solutions & Trials

Presentation at Fachhochschule Wiesbaden, Germany

Head of Wireless TechnologiesSwisscom Fixnet AG, Network Development, Zentweg 9, 3050 Bern, [email protected]

Rüsselsheim, 13 October 2006

Dr. Jürg Ruprecht

BB USO in CH: Technical Solutions & Trials

Dr. Jürg Ruprecht Rüsselsheim, 13 October 2006

Overview

Swiss Universal Broadband Service Obligation:Understanding the demand of the Swiss Universal Service Obligation upon Swisscom

xDSL:Under what scenarios is xDSL an economical solution, and when does it become uneconomical?

WLAN:Where is WLAN an alternative?

What are its advantages and risks?

Discuss ongoing Swisscom trials with WLAN point-to-point connections combined with VDSL

WiMAX:Where does WiMAX become viable?

Present the Swiss Broadband Wireless Access license situation and the planned Swisscom trial

Satellite:Will a satellite service be accepted to provide broadband?

Is it only cheap or also dirty?

Overview




Swiss broadband situation:Swiss wireline broadband situation

Swisscom broadband technology – xDSL

Swisscom broadband turf – main reasons

Swiss Universal Service Obligation

Broadband scenarios & technologies:Fundamental scenario & technologies

WLAN spectrum, scenario & remarks

WiMAX spectrum, scenario & remarks

Satellite scenario & remarks

WLAN point-to-point trials:Performance: Europe vs. America

Measured throughput vs. distance

WLAN point-to-point & VDSL trial

WiMAX trial:WiMAX PTP & PTM trial

Summary



Swiss Wireline Broadband Situation

Broadband penetration (End 2005):Switzerland is in the leading group in Europe (Top 4)

1'73 millions from 7.40 millions inhabitants (23%)

1'73 millions from 3.13 millions households (55%)

Broadband penetration by Cable (End 2005):0.60 millions households (19%)

Broadband penetration by xDSL (End 2005):1.13 millions households have ADSL now (36%)

3.03 millions households are activated or can either be activated easily (98%)

Broadband turf of Swisscom Fixnet (September 2006):86'000 households can only be covered with major changes in the local loop (2%)

Around 30'000 thereof will be rolled-out with VDSL to enable 3Play services

Around 56'000 thereof will remain a problem

Swiss broadband situation



Upstream DownstreamVoice

Swisscom Broadband Technology – xDSLSwiss broadband situation

Throughput Maximum

Downstream Upstream Distance

ADSL Asymmetric DSL0.710Mb/s3.930Mb/s7.130Mb/s

0.710Mb/s3.930Mb/s

13.400Mb/s

13.000Mb/s52.000Mb/s

7.000Mb/s28.000Mb/s

0.632Mb/s0.737Mb/s1.100Mb/s

6.00km4.00km1.00km

ADSL 2+ Asymmetric DSL 2+0.632Mb/s0.737Mb/s1.300Mb/s

6.00km4.00km1.00km

VDSL 1 Very high bit rate DSL11.600Mb/s2.300Mb/s

1.50km0.33km

VDSL 2 Very high bit rate DSL21.500Mb/s

10.000Mb/s2.00km0.60km

Terminology: DSL = Digital Subscriber Line

Principle: Existing voice copper line carries broadband data modulated with OFDM:

Variants & features:Swisscom– provides ADSL

with d=4km

– goes for VDSL 2with d=750m

Swis

scom

mov

e



Remote units:

Concentrators: TDM voice concentrators overcome wire shortage between CO and RU:

Broadband problem: xDSL cannot cross the remote units

Special line conditions:

Broadband problem: xDSL cannot be carried by these voice links

Too long copper lines: ADSL can only manage up to 6km of copper line

Pupinized lines: Periodical inductance loadings improve voice transmission on copper lines

Fixed installed GSM: In total absence of copperlines, voice service is granted via GSM

Swisscom Broadband Turf – Main ReasonsSwiss broadband situation

Remote Unit (RU)

n Voice Lines

m Households(m = 2 … 100, n < m)…

TDM Switch

Central Office (CO)

IP

PSTN

Concentrator

..

Access Switch

..

IP

PSTN

PLMN

CO

Base station

> 6 km




Voice in today's USO:Wireline voice is in the Swiss Universal Service ObligationAll Swiss households have to be served with voice service for monthly 25.25 CHF ≈ 16 € basic rental fees

Broadband in 2008 USO:The Swiss government has decided in September 2006 to include broadband in the Universal Service Obligation as of 2008The minimum required throughput is usually 600 kb/s / 100 kb/s,with exceptions (150 kb/s / 50 kb/s ?) in very remote areas

The maximum allowed pricing is a monthly 69 CHF ≈ 43 €Switzerland will be the only country in the world with BB in USO

Provision of 2008 USO:By mid of 2007, the responsibility of 2008 USO will be given to a companySwisscom currently evaluates the conditions and will most apply for the2008 USO, yet may presumably also be forced for

Wireless alternatives:May wireless technologies be applied?Such as WLAN, WiMAX or satellite?

Swiss broadband situation
















Summary



Fundamental Scenario & TechnologiesBroadband scenarios & technologies

Fundamental scenario:

Type Central Office Point-to-point connection Remote Unit Point-to-multipoint connection Household

Conventional

Alternative

Alternative Access Switch WiMAX 802.16e WiMAX BS WiMAX 802.16e WiMAX MS

Alternative

Access Switch Optical fiber / radio relay DSLAM xDSL via copper DSL Modem

Access Switch WLAN 802.11a WLAN AP WLAN 802.11a, s (mesh) WLAN AP

Access Switch Satellite link Satellite Satellite link Sat-Receiver

Technologies:

RemoteUnit

CentralOffice

Internet

Point-to-point (PTP) Point-to-multipoint (PTM)

Conventional solution (optical fiber / xDSL):Pro: Technically best solution

Con: Digging optical fibers is time consuming and expensive feasible only if enough customers



Remarks:Standard: WLAN IEEE 802.11a (longer reach & less interference than 802.11g) + 802.11s (mesh option)Peak throughput: Around 20Mb/s per 20MHzDistance: Transmission powers limited for unlicensed bands limited distancesSpectrum: Unlicensed bands operation vulnerable to unwanted or wanted interference

Price: Relatively cheap due to mass marked volumes (≈700€ per WLAN AP, ≈300€ per antenna)

Scenario: Mesh option

WLAN Spectrum, Scenario & Remarks

Spectrum: Unlicensed spectra in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.

Remote UnitCentral Office

InternetWLAN APWLAN AP

Up to 20km Up to 500m WLAN AP

Households

5725MHz

2400 2483.5 5150 5250 5350 5470

ISM band Lower 5 GHz band Upper 5 GHz band

802.11g

100 mW

802.11a

100 mW

802.11a

100 mW

802.11a

1000 mW

Broadband scenarios & technologies



Remarks:Standard: Mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16e-2005 (preferable WiMAX option, leaves mobile application open)Peak throughput: 15Mb/s per 5MHzDistance: Higher transmission powers larger distances than WLANSpectrum: Licensed bands saver operation than WLAN License obligation: 30, 70, 120 cell sectors by end of 2007, 2008, 2009Price: Much more expensive than WLAN (≈40k€ per base station?)

Spectrum: Swisscom was the only bidder for a BWA license (6 Mio CHF≈4 Mio €) in June 2006.

WiMAX Spectrum, Scenario & RemarksM

ilita

ryra

dar

3410 3431 3452 3480 3497.5 3510 3531 3552 3580 3597.5

FDD Uplink FDD Downlink

MHz

#1

Swisscom

21MHz

#2

Free

21MHz

#3

Cablecom *)

28MHz

#4

Free

17.5MHz

#1

Swisscom

21MHz

#2

Free

21MHz

#3

Cablecom*)28MHz

#4

Free

17.5MHz

Empt

y

Scenario:


InternetWiMAX BSWiMAX MS

Up to 6km Up to a few km WiMAX MSHouseholds


*) From WLL auction in 2000; license runs out in 2010.



Remarks:Standard: Commercial satellite serviceDownstream: 1 Mb/s via satelliteUpstream: 54 kb/s dial-in via analog telephone linesPrice: 100CHF≈70€ CAPEX, 10 CHF≈7€ OPEX per monthCapacity vs. cell size: What is the overall (shared) downstream capacity of a satellite cell?

Scenario:

Satellite Scenario & Remarks


Internet

Satellite

Any distance Any distanceSatellite RXHouseholds

Satellite TX

















Summary



Performance: Europe vs. America (1)

Antenna diagram of a WLAN omni antenna:

Antenna diagram of a WLAN directional antenna:

Europe: Reduction of thepower at the antenna connector

America: No (or smaller) reduction of the power at the antenna connectormuch higher EIRP

WLAN point-to-point trials



Performance: Europe vs. America (2)

Europe:Distances up to 20 km achievable

America:WLAN connection over 279 km (2.4 GHz band):




Durchsatz vs. Distanz

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Distanz [km]

Durc

hsat

z [M

bps]

TCP upTCP downUDP upUDP down

54Mb/s

54Mb/s

48Mb/s

48Mb/s

0dBi

28dBi

28dBi

31.5dBi

Distance [km]

Thro

ughp

ut [M

b/s]

Throughput vs. distance:

Measured Throughput vs. Distance

28 dBi antenna (60 x 60 cm):

31.5 dBi antenna (120 cm ∅):




Frequency Changes & Weather Influence

Potential: Stable and constant link, no weather influences observed.

Restriction: Interferences with other existing technologies (such as radar) The WLAN equipment must change the frequency Short link interruptions.

Daily graph (5 minute average):

Bidirectional test

Upload test Frequency change (around 20s interruption)

Weekly graph (30 minute Average)RegenSonnig

UploadDownload



We have checked nearly all situations …



Management Demo: 2 Serial WLAN PTP Links

Source: Web cam & video server on Falkenflue

Relay: Swisscom Innovations tower in Bern

Demo: Swisscom Fixnet building in Bern

0.5 km 19 km

Web Cam

VideoServer


Setup: Geography:

Demos:Web cam stream

Reduced HDTV stream (up to 8 Mb/s)



Main Link

Backup LinkAlternative Link

3.3km

4.9km

5km

4km

Main Link

Alternative Link

2km 3km

Geography:2 WLAN with 1 hop:– 2 km + 3 km (left)– 5 km + 3 km (right)

WLAN Point-to-Point & VDSL Trial (1)Scenario:

Throughputs:Typical weekly usage for 12 customers

Existing

New

Central Office

Concentrator

WLANAccess Point

WLANAccess Point

Remote Unit

Voice Traffic

Data Traffic

via WLAN PTP

VDSLDSLAM

TDM Switch

Access Switch

PSTN

IPSS

Max. Throughput:> 10 Mb/s

Customer potential:≈ 100 customers




WLAN Point-to-Point & VDSL Trial (2)WLAN point-to-point trials

Remote Unit

Ethernetcable

Antenna

Antenna @ GSM site on central officeAccess point on broadcasting mast Access point
















Summary



WiMAX PTP & PTM Trial (1)

Full WiMAX trial: Provision of broadband service in DSL turfWiMAX point-to-multipoint: 2 WiMAX sectors from existing GSM siteWiMAX point-to-point: 2 WiMAX backhauling links to the DSLAM or to the Access Switch (via fiber)

1km

WiMAX trial

Households that are not reachable for DSL:>1 household per dot,a total of 34 households

GSM site

DSLAM and fiber access

Legend:

Test lab in Bern:Access SwitchCarrier Ethernet ServiceCarrier IP Service



WiMAX PTP & PTM Trial (2)WiMAX trial

From GSM site to central officeFrom central office to GSM site

GSM site GSM site

From GSM site to Boltigen

GSM site cabinet
















Summary



RemoteUnit

CentralOffice

Internet

Summary

Swisscom broadband activities:VDSL roll-out to provide 3Play services "enforced" by cable operator

Alternative wireless broadband roll-out enforced by 2008 Universal Broadband Service Obligation

Fundamental broadband scenario & technologies:

Conventional

Summary

Access Switch Optical fiber / radio relay DSLAM xDSL via copper DSL Modem

Alternative

Alternative Access Switch WiMAX 802.16e WiMAX BS WiMAX 802.16e WiMAX MS

Alternative

Access Switch WLAN 802.11a WLAN AP WLAN 802.11a, s (mesh) WLAN AP

Access Switch Satellite link Satellite Satellite link Sat-Receiver

Proposed procedure to fulfill Swiss BB USO 2008: Provide broadband to households withoptical fiber / VDSL or ADSL wherever commercially feasible,

with WLAN PTP / WLAN PTM wherever technically possible and commercially feasible,

with WiMAX PTP / WLAN PTM wherever technically possible and commercially feasible, or

with satellite (downstream) / dial-in (upstream) in all other places.

broadband universal service obligation in switzerland ......oct 13, 2006 · swiss universal...

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