briefing on using renewables to integrate renewables...resources providing regulation services...
TRANSCRIPT
Briefing on using renewables to integrate renewables
Clyde Loutan, Sr. Advisor, Renewable Energy Integration
Board of Governors MeetingGeneral SessionDecember 14-15, 2016
Can variable energy resources provide essential reliability services to reliably operate the grid?
• NERC identified three essential reliability services to reliably integrate higher levels of renewable resources– Frequency control
– Voltage control
– Ramping capability or flexible capacity
• Test results demonstrated the plant has the capability to provide these essential reliability services
• Advancement in smart inverter technology allows VERs to provide services similar to conventional resources
• VERs with the right operating characteristics are necessary to decarbonize the grid
Page 2
The ISO, First Solar and NREL demonstrated how a 300 MW solar PV plant can provide essential reliability services
Page 3
Test Performance
Ram
ping
• Ramp its real-power output at a specified ramp-rate
• Provide regulation up/down service
Voltage
• Provide reactive power support in various modes- Control a specified voltage schedule- Operate at a constant power factor- Produce a constant level of MVAR- Provide controllable reactive support (droop setting)- Capability to provide reactive support at night
Frequency
• Provide frequency response for low frequency and high frequency events- Control the speed of frequency response- Provide fast frequency response to arrest frequency
decline
Demonstrated how a solar plant ramping capability can be controlled to a specified ramp rate
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Demonstrated that the solar plant was able to accurately follow the 4-second regulation signals
Page 5
Regulation accuracy of the solar plant demonstration exceeded accuracy of conventional resources
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0%
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SteamTurbine
PumpTurbine
Hydro CombinedCycle
LimitedEnergyStorage
GasTurbine
Solar PV(Middle ofthe Day)
Solar PV(Sunset)
Solar PV(Sunrise)
Regulation Up Accuracy
Blue bars taken from the ISO’s informational submittal to FERC on the performance of resources providing regulation services between January 1, 2015 and March 31, 2016
Voltage Control: Test demonstrated the plant’s capability to control system voltage at night
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By changing the reactive output of the plant from +100 MVAR to -100 MVAR, the voltage at the POI changed from 242 kV to 227 kV (Green curve)
Solar plant frequency responsiveness was similar to or better than conventional resources
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Events ConventionalResource Performance
Solar PV response to high frequency
Compared to a combined cycle plant
Solar PV response to high frequency
Compared to a hydro plant
Solar PV response to low frequencyCompared to a hydro plant
Solar PV ability to arrest frequency decline within the inertia response timeframe (Fast frequency response)
Compared to a hydro plant
Solar response similar to a combined cycle plant using 3% governor-like droop setting for high frequency event
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Actual Solar Response Expected Response (Combined Cycle Plant)
Solar response similar to a hydro plant using 5% governor-like droop setting for high frequency event
Page 10
Ability of solar plant to respond and arrest frequency decline similar to a hydro plant for a low frequency event
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Next steps• Continue to share test results:
– NERC’s Essential Reliability Services Task Force– NREL & GE Technical Review Committee for the West Wide study
on frequency response– FERC staff
• Evaluate the existing solar fleet to determine the amount of capacity able to provide essential reliability services
• Further explore additional opportunities for renewable resources to participate in the various markets for energy and ancillary services
• Issue final report in 4th quarter of 2016Page 12