brief overview of macromolecules dna, rna, and proteins
TRANSCRIPT
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Brief Overview of Macromolecules
DNA, RNA, and Proteins
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What is “genomics”?
--The systematic study of the genome using large-scale DNA sequencing, gene-expression analysis, or computational methods.
Genome: the total complement of genes contained in a cell or virus, commonly used to refer to all genes present in one complete haploid set of chromosomes in eukaryotes.
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Genome Sizes
•Saccharomyces cerevisiae 13 Mb
•Drosophila melanogaster 120 Mb
•Homo sapiens 3,200 Mb
•Fern 160,000 Mb
•Amoeba dubia 670,000 Mb
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DNA Structure
Base / nucleotide pair: a pair of nitrogenous bases, most commonly one purine and one pyrimidine, held together by hydrogen bonds in a double stranded region of a nucleic acid molecule.
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Purines vs. Pyrimidines
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Nucleosides and Nucleotides
DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid
adenosineATP
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Polynucleotide Chain
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The Double Helix
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RNA vs. DNA
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RNA Structure
Single stranded
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Summary of DNA vs. RNA
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Protein Structure
Made up of amino acid chain.
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Peptides