breaking down stories - concept to sprint ready pdf
TRANSCRIPT
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
2
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Breaking Down Stories
Concept to Sprint Ready
Reginald de Silva
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
3
PlayUP Social games and live sport
What is a Story?
A Story describes a particular user feature or function in a manner that business representatives and technical team members can understand. Stories: • Describe features or functionality that is testable and has business value • Express requirements in simple terms and can be estimated, measured and tracked • Communicates between all parties • Not too small • Not too big – i.e. can be completed within one sprint • May also be non-functional • Are used by the entire project team including business Subject Matter Experts
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
4
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story Attributes
The acronym "INVEST" can remind you that good stories are: I - Independent N - Negotiable V – Valuable (can also mean Vertical) E - Estimable (or Estimatable) S - Small T – Testable
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
5
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Why are Stories important?
• Communication • Planning - short and long • Seeing the “Big Picture” with some granularity
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
6
PlayUP Social games and live sport
The 3 C’s
Stories are more than words... • Card – story text • Conversation – discuss the details • Confirmation – record acceptance tests
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
7
PlayUP Social games and live sport
User Roles
• Broaden the scope from looking at one user • Allows users to vary by:
What they use the software for How they use the software Background Familiarity with the software / computers
• Used extensively in usage-centred design
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
8
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Why Story index cards?
• You can’t fit much text onto an index card! • Tactile qualities get everyone involved
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
9
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story Cards
Story cards are used for: • Sprint planning • Estimation sessions • Product or Project Backlog and Sprint story card wall Cards might include: • Story ID • Story Title • Estimate • Business priority
User creates a new customer record
4
Story-01
M
User creates a customer record
4
Story-02
M
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
10
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story Conventions
STORY NARRATIVE CONVENTION
“As <role>
I want <function>
so that <business value>”
ACCEPTANCE TEST CONVENTION
“When I do this <action>,
I expect this <result>”
SCENARIO CONVENTION
Given some initial context (the givens),
When an event occurs,
Then ensure some outcomes.
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
11
PlayUP Social games and live sport
A process that I like to follow to help articulate scenarios...
Domain Model
Agreed terminology (ubiquitous language)
Glossary Scenarios
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
12
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Backlog
• Each project will have a backlog – a prioritised and estimated list of remaining work (story cards) to be done • Over the course of the project, the backlog is re-prioritised so that the team always works on the most valuable feature next • Stories can also be added and removed from the backlog
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
13
PlayUP Social games and live sport
A process that I like to follow to help build the Backlog...
As-Is Process Maps
To-Be Process Maps
Epics Stories Backlog
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
14
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Another process that I like to follow to help build the Backlog...
Business Requirements
Functional Requirements
Carding session
Epics Stories Backlog
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
15
PlayUP Social games and live sport
... And another process that I like to follow to help build the Backlog...
Business Requirements
Carding session
Stories Backlog
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
16
PlayUP Social games and live sport
... And another process that I like to follow to help build the Backlog...
Business Concept
Stories Backlog
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
17
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story format and content that I like... • Story name is the business narrative • Scenarios are used to describe key behaviours and business value • Scenarios are used for acceptance • Files such as UI mock ups, UI prototypes and spreadsheets are attached
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
18
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story Example
• A Story describes a valuable feature in a manner that both business and IT team members can understand.
• Stories are written in clear, concise acceptance criteria scenarios and focus on business value!
As a sales assistant
I want to create a new customer record
So that I can invoice the customer and
contact them as required
Scenario 1: New customer record created
Given the sales assistant is logged in
to the customer database
And has selected to create a new record
When the create a customer record form is
displayed
Then the sales assistant can enter the
customers first name
And can enter the customers surname
And can enter the customers contact phone
number
And can enter the customers mailing
address
And can enter the customers email address
And can save the record
Social games and live sport Ready for Sprint In Development In Testing Done
User creates a customer record 3
Story-1
User views a customer record 3
Story-2
User edits a customer record 2
Story-3
User deletes a customer record 1
Story-4
Provides visibility of sprint progress Stories move across the wall from left to right
Story Card Wall
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
20
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Story estimation
Story complexity and effort is estimated using “Story points” Relative estimation using a scale such as: • Fibonacci - 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 • 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 • 1, 2, 3 • T-shirt sizes – S, M, L, XL • etc.
Estimation is team based... • Team discusses requirements for each story • Developers and Testers provide an individual points estimate for each story • Estimates are discussed until team consensus is reached
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
21
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Velocity
The team’s throughput for an iteration is called its ‘Velocity’. A team’s velocity takes into account what has been achieved previously, team size, experience levels and planned leave. Velocity is usually measured using burn-up/burn-down charts:
Sprint Sprint
MAY 2011
©PlayUp Interactive Entertainment
Breaking Down Stories Concept to Sprint Ready
22
PlayUP Social games and live sport
Sprint planning
At the beginning of each sprint, the team plans for the next sprint: • Team discusses planned velocity (throughput) • Business representatives advise on priority • IT team members advise on technical risk • Team agrees on stories to be delivered