CHRISTIAN RONEL F. AUSTRIAMAT-Social Studies

Method – a process in order to attain the objective of the lesson.ex. Scientific method, Induction, Deduction

Approach – discussing about the underpinning theory, it’s nature and application.ex. Understanding by Design (UbD)

Strategy – comes from the Greek word srategos “ the art of the general”.- a plan in order to attain the day’s lesson.

ex. Self-analysis, Journal Writing

Technique – a way how the teacher reacts in a certain lesson.

Skills – specific and observable behaviors, capable of clear definition and relatively discrete in nature, which are judge to be basic to effective teaching.

ABC BrainstormWhat Is An ABC Brainstorm?

Brainstorming – to generate ideas, facts, insights

Before presenting the lesson, it is important to generate the students background (prior knowledge). Prior knowledge – learner’s end in mind, knowledge

beforehand

Students try to think of a word or phrase associated with the topic, matched to each letter of the alphabet.

How Does It Work?Have students list all the letters of the alphabet down

a sheet of paper, leaving room beside each letter to write out the rest of a word or phrase.

Let them work individually at first, thinking of as many words as they can that could be associated with the topic you identify.

Let them pair up or work in small groups to fill in blanks for letters they had not yet completed.

Then, go around the room or get students to report out.

What Sorts of Topics Are Good for an ABC Brainstorm?

Broad and Relevant Topicsex. Government, Islam War, Great Depression

Topics previously studied, about which students know much

ex. Current events and issues

ABC BrainstormingTopic: Climate Change

A-tmosphereB-iofuelsC-limateD-roughtE-nergyF-ossil FuelG-lobal WarmingH-umanI-mprove efficiencyJ-ustice and equity

K-yoto ProtocolL-owlandM-itigationN-uclear powerO-bserveP-recipitationQ-uantityR-adiationS-olid WasteT-emperature

U- nderdeveloped countriesV-ulnerabilityW-eatherX-ray (Ultraviolet rays)Y-earZ-enith

Summary Paragraph:

Climate change is happening and it is caused largely by human activity. Its impacts are beginning to be felt and will worsen in the decades ahead unless we take action. The solution to climate change will involve a broad array of technologies and policies—many tried and true, and many new and innovative.

What Variations Are There?Janet Allen created AlphaBlocks. Rather than brainstorm ideas for all 26 letters of the

alphabet, students brainstorm ideas within groups ("blocks") of letters (ABC, DEF, GHI, and so on).

Another variation of ABC Brainstorm involves turning the topic on its side, and writing the letters of the topic down in the same was a name poem or an acrostic (acronym).

Acrostic-a composition usually in verse in which sets of letters (as the initial or final letters of the lines) taken in order form a word or phrase or a regular sequence of letters of the alphabet.

Acronym-a word formed from the first letters of each one of the words in a phrase.

Alpha BlocksABC

A-tmosphere

B-iofuels

C-limate

DEFD-roughtE-nergyF-ossil Fuel

GHIG-lobal WarmingH-umanI-mprove

efficiency

JKLJ-ustice and

equityK-yoto ProtocolL-owland

MNM-itigationN-uclear power

OPQO-bserveP-recipitationQ-uantity

RSTR-adiation

S-olid Waste

T-emperature

UVWU-

nderdeveloped countries

V-ulnerabilityW-eather

XYZX-ray

(Ultraviolet rays)

Y-earZ-enith

Carousel BrainstormWhat Is a Carousel Brainstorm?A Carousel brainstorm allows students to pull out

and think about what they know about subtopics within a larger topic.

ABC Brainstorm vs. Carousel Brainstorm

ABC Brainstorming

Deduction – from general to

specific

Carousel Brainstorming

Induction – from specific to

general

How Does It Work?Begin by putting students in groups of 3 or 4. Give each group a sheet of newsprint/chart paper. Each group's sheet has a different subtopic written on

it. One student serves as the recorder. Explain that the students will have a short time (say,

30 seconds) to write down on their chart paper all the terms they can think of that they associate with their topic.

Explain upfront that you will then have them pass their sheet over to the next group, and a new topic will be passed to them. (Make it clear which direction you'll have them pass the sheets so that this is orderly and so that each group will receive each of the subtopic sheets.)

After three or four passings, you will probably want to extend the writing time to 40 seconds, then 45 seconds, and perhaps up to a minute, because all the easy ideas will have been taken by previous groups, and the students will need more time to talk about and think of other terms to be added to the brainstorm list.

Keep having students brainstorm, write, and pass until each group has had a chance to add ideas to each of the subtopic sheets. Let them pass it the final time to the group who had each sheet first.

Graffiti compared to Carousel Brainstorming

Clock BuddiesWhat Are Clock Buddies?Clock Buddies is meant to be a quick and easy way to

create pairs for partnered activities while avoiding the problem of kids always having the SAME partners.

It begins with a clock face, with slots for names extending from each hour on the dial.

How Does It Work?The basic idea is that each student has his or her own

copy of a Clock Buddies sheet, with the names of 12 classmates on each hour's slot.

Each of those other students, in turn, has this student's name in the matching hour slot on each of their clock sheets.

When the teacher needs to quickly pair up students without it always being the same partners every time, she can say to the class: "Get with your 4 o'clock buddy." Each student will pull out his or her clock buddies sheet, look at the 4 o'clock slot, and then join the partner indicated.

Column NotesColumn notes share characteristics in common with

the Cornell system: information is grouped according to its type, and then arranged in columns.

The Cornell note-taking system is a note-taking system devised in the 1950s by Walter Pauk, an education professor at Cornell University.

How Does It Work? The student divides the paper into two columns: the

note-taking column (usually on the right) is twice the size of the questions/key word column (on the left).

The student should leave five to seven lines, or about two inches, at the bottom of the page.

Notes from a lecture or teaching are written in the note-taking column; notes usually consist of the main ideas of the text or lecture, and long ideas are paraphrased.

Within 24 hours of taking the notes, the student must revise and write questions and then write a brief summary in the bottom five to seven lines of the page.

When reviewing the material, the student can cover the note-taking (right) column while attempting to answer the questions/keywords in the key word or cue (left) column. The student is encouraged to reflect on the material and review the notes regularly.

Cornell Note-taking SystemCue Column

Climate and WeatherDefinition

Note-taking Area

Climate- average weather over a long period of time.

Weather-atmospheric condition for a short period of time.

SummariesA simple way to think of this is: weather is what determines if you will use an umbrella today; climate determines whether you own an umbrella.

Chapter/Selection Title: Climate Change Science: The Basics

Questions

Will Climate Change continue for the next

decade?

Explanations from Text

A study released by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2010 said, “Climate change is occurring, is causedlargely by human activities, and poses significant risks for—and in many cases is already affecting—a broad range of human and natural systems.”1 The climate will continue to change for decades as a result of past human activities, butscientists say that the worst impacts can still be avoided if action is taken soon.

Class discussion, Video, Speakers, “Me”

Climate Change will continue for the next

decade if there are no specific actions made by individuals living in this

world.

Fact or Opinion?Page Fact Opinion

13

Based on data from the U.S. National Climatic Data Center,the 27 warmest years since 1880 all occurred in the 30years from 1980 to 2009; the warmest year was 2005 followedclosely by 1998.

19If warming continues, scientists are sure that the ArcticOcean will become largely free of ice during the summer.

Prediction ChartChapter What I Predict

Will Happen?What Actually

Happened

I page. 7

Glacier National Park, for example, will likely loseits glaciers by 2030.

Land-basedsnow and ice cover are declining because of climate changeand contributing to sea level rise. Mountain glaciers at alllatitudes are in retreat, from the Himalayas in Central Asiato the Andes in tropical South America to the Rockies andSierras in the western United States.

Sample Category HeadingsColumn 1 Column 2 Column 3

Topic: Greenhouse Effect Explanation: Greenhouse effect is one of the cause of Global warming.

Details: An average increase in temperature was felt all over the world.

Vocabulary: Greenhouse Gasses Definition: Greenhouse Gasses-Gasses emitted to the atmosphere resulting to Greenhouse effect

Use in Sentence: Greenhouse effect is one of the contributors of Global Warming.

Questions: What is Greenhouse effect and how it contributes to Climate Change?

Book notes:National Academy of Sciences (2010). Advancing the Scienceof Climate Change, Washington, D. C.

Class Discussions: Greenhouse effect is very alarming today.

Cause: Burning of Fossil Fuels and Carbon Emissions

Effect: Heating of the Earth’s atmosphere resulting to rise in temperature.

Explanation: Too much carbon emission will increase the temperature at an average of 2 Degrees Centigrade.

Legislation: Nations of the world participated and have an agreement at the Kyoto Protocol resulting to reduce carbon emissions.

Advantages: Reduced carbon emission among industrialized country.

Disadvantages: Need for a renewable and alternative source of energy.

Key Term Concept: Kyoto Protocol, Fossil Fuel, Carbon Emissions

In my own Words: Greenhouse effect like Climate Change must be seriously addressed.

Picture:

Reference:

www. readingquest.org