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The Building Regulations 2010
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J1 AirsupplyJ2 DischargeofproductsofcombustionJ3 WarningofreleaseofcarbonmonoxideJ4 ProtectionofbuildingJ5 ProvisionofinformationJ6 ProtectionofliquidfuelstoragesystemsJ7 Protectionagainstpollution
JAPPROVED DOCUMENT
Combustion appliances andfuel storage systems
Cert no. TT-COC-002168
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O N L I N E V E R S I O N
O N L I N E V E R S I O NO N L I N E V E R S I O NO N L I N E V E R S I O N
MAIN CHANGES IN THE2004 EDITIONSection 1
New guidance has been included for access for visual inspection of concealed flues. This should ensure that flues can be properly inspected both when an appliance is first commissioned and subsequently serviced.
Section 2
Guidance has been included in support of a new requirement J3 “Warning of release of carbon monoxide” on the provision of carbon monoxide alarms where solid fuel appliances are installed.
The provisions for flue outlet clearances relative to adjacent pitched roofs have been clarified in Diagram 17.
The guidance on the provision of hearths and wall clearances for solid fuel appliances have been made more flexible to take account of the availability of modern appliances.
Section 2, 3 & 4
The guidance for permanent ventilation openings for open flued appliances in very airtight houses (those with a design air permeability less than or equal to 5.0 m3/(h.m2)) have been increased to counteract the decrease in adventitious ventilation relative to older houses. Appendix F gives advice on assessing the air permeability of older houses in relation to this guidance.
Section 4
This section now explicitly includes liquid biofuel and blends on mineral oil and liquid biofuel within the scope of combustion installations designed to burn oil.
Section 5
The guidance on identifying where secondary containment for oil tanks is necessary has been expanded to include locations in inner protection zone as shown on the Environment Agency’s groundwater sources map.
Appendix G
This informative appendix provides and explanation of the European designation system for certain flue and chimney products.
Main changes made by the 2010 amendmentsThis 2010 edition, incorporating the further 2010 amendments reflects the changes made as a result of the Building Regulations 2010 and Building (Approved inspector etc) Regulations 2010. The changes mainly reflect regulation number changes as a result of re-ordering. There have been no amendments to the substantive requirements in Schedule 1 (i.e. Parts A to P) of the Building Regulations.Please note the simplification of the definition of ‘room for residential purposes’ in regulation 2 of the Building Regulations 2010. Please also note that L1(c) has now become regulation 40.
APPROVED DOCUMENTSThe following documents have been approved and issued by the First Secretary of State for the purpose of providing practical guidance with respect to the requirements of the Building Regulations 2010.
Approved Document A: Structure 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 1: Dwellinghouses2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 2: Buildings other than dwellinghouses 2006 edition incorporating 2007 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document C: Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document D: Toxic substances 1992 edition incorporating 2002 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document E: Resistance to the passage of sound 2003 edition incorporating 2004 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document F: Ventilation 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document G: Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document H: Drainage and waste disposal 2002 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document J: Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document K: Protection from falling collision and impact 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document L1A: Conservation of fuel and power – New dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document L1B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments
Approved Document L2A: Conservation of fuel and power – New buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document L2B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments
Approved Document M: Access to and use of buildings 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document N: Glazing – safety in relation to impact, opening and cleaning 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document P: Electrical safety – Dwellings 2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document to support regulation 7: Materials and workmanship 1999 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
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1ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
ContentsPAGE
What is an Approved Document? 3
HowtousethisApprovedDocument 3
Whereyoucangetfurtherhelp 3
Responsibilityforcompliance 4
The requirements 5
Limitationonrequirements 5
TypesofbuildingworkcoveredbythisApprovedDocument 5
Notificationofwork 6
Exemptions 6
Materialsandworkmanship 7
Supplementaryguidance 7
TechnicalSpecifications 7
Independentschemesofcertificationandaccreditation 7
Interactionwithotherlegislation 8
Maintenance 8
The Requirements J1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6 and J7 9
Section 0: General guidance 10
Introductiontotheprovisions 10
Explanationoftermsused 10
Measuringthesizeoffluesandducts 16
Section 1: Provisions which apply generally to combustion installations 17
Performance 17
Airsupplyforcombustionappliances 17
Permanentlyopenventilationofrooms 17
Permanentventilationofappliancecompartments 17
Ventilationofotherroomsorspaces 17
Permanentlyopenairvents 19
ProvisionscomplyingwithbothPartFandPartJ 20
Interactionofmechanicalextractventilationandopen-fluedcombustionappliances 21
Provisionofflues 22
Condensatesinflues 22
Constructionofmasonrychimneys 22
Constructionofflueblockchimneys 22
Materialchangeofuse 23
PAGE
Connectingfluepipes 23
Repairofflues 23
Re-Useofexistingflues 24
Useofflexiblemetalfluelinersforthereliningofchimneys 24
Useofplasticfluepipesystems 24
Factory-mademetalchimneys 24
Concealedflues 25
Configurationofnaturaldraughtfluesservingopen-fluedappliances 26
Inspectionandcleaningopeningsinflues 27
Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundaries 27
Dryliningaroundfireplaceopenings 27
Conditionofcombustioninstallationsatcompletion 27
NoticePlatesforhearthsandflues 28
Accesstocombustionappliancesformaintenance 28
Section 2: Additional provisions for appliances burning solid fuel (including solid biofuel) with a rated output up to 50kW 29
Airsupplytoappliances 29
Sizeofflues 29
Heightofflues 30
Outletsfromflues 30
Connectingfluepipes 32
Locationandshieldingofconnectingfluepipes 32
Debriscollectingspace 33
Masonryandflueblockchimneys 33
Separationofcombustiblematerialfromfireplacesandflues 34
Factory-mademetalchimneys 34
Liningandreliningoffluesinchimneys 34
Formationofgathers 35
Hearths 37
Fireplacerecessesandprefabricatedappliancechambers 38
Fireplaceliningcomponents 40
Wallsadjacenttohearths 40
Alternativeapproach 40
Carbonmonoxidealarms 41
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Section 3: Additional provisions, for gas burning appliances 43
Gassafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations 43
Gasfires(otherthanfluelessgasfires) 45
Fluelessgasappliances 45
Airsupplytogasfiresandotherappliances 45
Flueddecorativefueleffect(DFE)fires 45
Fluedappliancesotherthandecorativefueleffectfires 45
Airsupplytofluelessappliances 45
Sizeofnaturaldraughtfluesforopenfluedappliances 47
Heightofnaturaldraughtfluesforopenfluedappliances 48
Outletsfromflues 48
Provisionofflues 51
Connectingfluepipecomponents 52
Masonrychimneys 52
Flueblockchimneys 52
Factory-mademetalchimneys 52
Locationandshieldingofflues 52
Reliningoffluesinchimneys 52
Debriscollectionspaceforchimneys 53
Basesforbackboilers 53
Hearths 54
Shieldingofappliances 54
Alternativeapproach 55
Section 4: Additional provisions for oil burning appliances 56
Scope 56
Appliancesfittedinbathroomsandshowerrooms 56
Airsupplytoappliances 56
Sizeofflues(otherthanbalancedfluesandfluesdesignedtodischargethroughoradjacenttowalls) 56
Outletsfromfluesandflueheights 56
Fluesforoil-firedappliances:fluegastemperature 59
Provisionsforfluegastemperaturesinexcessof250°C 59
Provisionsforfluegastemperaturesnotexceeding250°C 59
Connectingfluepipecomponents 59
PAGE
Masonrychimneys 60
Flueblockchimneys 60
Factory-mademetalchimneys 60
Locationandshieldingofflues 60
Reliningoffluesinchimneys 60
FluesforappliancesburningClassDoil 61
Hearthsforoil-firedappliances 61
Shieldingofoil-firedappliances 61
Alternativeapproach 61
Section 5: Provisions for liquid fuel storage and supply 63
Performance 63
Heatingoilstorageinstallations 63
Protectivemeasuresagainstfire 63
Oilsupplypipesystems:meansofautomaticisolation 64
Provisionswherethereisariskofoilpollution 64
LPGstorageinstallations 64
Tanklocationandprotectivemeasures 65
Locationandsupportofcylinders 65
LPGpipework(Informative) 67
APPENDICES
Appendix A:Checklistforcheckingandtestingofhearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneys 68
Appendix B:Openingareasoflargeorunusualfireplaces 70
Appendix C:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofagasfiredappliance 71
Appendix D:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofanoilfiredappliance 72
Appendix E:MethodsofcheckingcompliancewithrequirementJ2 73
Appendix F:Assessingairpermeabilityofolderdwellingsinrelationtopermanentventilationrequirements 76
Appendix G:Europeanchimneydesignations 77
Appendix H:Addressees 79
Standards referred to 80
Other publications referred to 82
Index 83
J CONTENTS O N L I N E V E R S I O N
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3ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
ThisdocumenthasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStatetoprovidepracticalguidanceonwaysofcomplyingwithRequirementsJ1toJ7andregulations7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2214)forEnglandandWales.TheBuildingRegulations2010arereferredtothroughouttheremainderofthisDocumentas‘theBuildingRegulations’.WhereappropriatetheApprovedDocumentalsogivesguidanceonrelevantrequirementsintheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations2010(SI2010/2215).
TheintentionofissuingApprovedDocumentsistoprovideguidanceaboutcompliancewithspecificaspectsofbuildingregulationsinsomeofthemorecommonbuildingsituations.Theysetoutwhat,inordinarycircumstances,maybereasonableprovisionforcompliancewiththerelevantrequirement(s)ofbuildingregulationstowhichtheyrefer.
IfguidanceinanApprovedDocumentisfollowedtherewillbeapresumptionofcompliancewiththerequirement(s)coveredbytheguidance.However,thispresumptioncanbeoverturned,sosimplyfollowingguidancedoesnotguaranteecompliance.Forexample,ifoneparticularcaseisunusualinsomeway,then‘normal’guidancemaynotbeapplicable.Itisalsoimportanttonotethattheremaywellbeotherwaysofachievingcompliancewiththerequirements.There is therefore no obligation to adopt any particular solution contained in this Approved Document if you would prefer to meet the relevant requirement in some other way. However, persons intending to carry out building work should always check with their Building Control Body, either the local authority or an approved inspector, that their proposals comply with building regulations.
TheguidancecontainedinthisApprovedDocumentrelatesonlytotheparticularrequirementsofbuildingregulationsthatthedocumentaddresses(see‘Requirements’below).However,buildingworkmaybesubjecttomorethanonerequirementofbuildingregulations.Insuchcasestheworkwillalsohavetocomplywithanyotherapplicablerequirementsofbuildingregulations.
ThisdocumentisoneofaseriesthathasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthepurposeofprovidingpracticalguidancewithrespecttotherequirementsofSchedule1andRegulation7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2215)forEnglandandWales.
AtthebackofthisdocumentisalistofallthedocumentsthathavebeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthispurpose.
How to use this Approved DocumentInthisdocumentthefollowingconventionshavebeenadoptedtoassistunderstandingandinterpretation:
a. Textshownagainst agreenbackground areextractsfromtheBuildingRegulationsorBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations,andsetoutthelegalrequirementsthatrelatetocompliancewiththesanitation,hotwatersafetyandwaterefficiencyrequirementsofbuildingregulations.Itshouldberememberedhoweverthat,asnotedabove,buildingworksmustcomplywithalltheotherapplicableprovisionsofbuildingregulations.
b. KeytermsaredefinedinSection0andareprintedin italic text.
c. DetailsoftechnicalpublicationsreferredtointhetextofthisDocumentwillbegiveninfootnotesandrepeatedasendnotes.Areferencetoapublicationislikelytobemadeforoneoftwomainreasons.Thepublicationmaycontainadditionalormorecomprehensivetechnicaldetail,whichitwouldbeimpracticaltoincludeinfullintheDocumentbutwhichisneededtofullyexplainwaysofmeetingtherequirements;oritisasourceofmoregeneralinformation.Thereasonforthereferencewillbeindicatedineachcase.Thereferencewillbetoaspecifiededitionofthedocument.TheApprovedDocumentmaybeamendedfromtimetotimetoincludenewreferencesortorefertorevisededitionswherethisaidscompliance.
Where you can get further helpIfyoudonotunderstandthetechnicalguidanceorotherinformationsetoutinthisApprovedDocumentandtheadditionaldetailedtechnicalreferencestowhichitdirectsyou,thereareanumberofroutesthroughwhichyoucanseekfurtherassistance:
• TheCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentwebsite:www.communities.gov.uk
• ThePlanningPortalwebsite:www.planningportal.gov.uk
• Ifyouarethepersonundertakingthebuildingworkyoucanseekassistanceeitherfromyourlocalauthoritybuildingcontrolserviceorfromyourapprovedinspector(dependingonwhichbuildingcontrolserviceyouareusing,orintendtouse,tocertifycomplianceofyourworkwiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations).
What is an Approved Document? JO N L I N E V E R S I O N
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• Personsregisteredwithacompetentpersonself-certificationschememaybeabletogettechnicaladvicefromtheirschemeoperator.
• Ifyourqueryisofahighlytechnicalnatureyoumaywishtoseektheadviceofaspecialist,orindustrytechnicalbody,fortherelevantsubject.
Responsibility for complianceItisimportanttorememberthatifyouaretheperson(e.g.designer,builder,installer)carryingoutbuildingworktowhichanyrequirementofbuildingregulationsappliesyouhavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheworkcomplieswithanysuchrequirement.Thebuildingownermayalsohavearesponsibilityforensuringcompliancewithbuildingregulationrequirementsandcouldbeservedwithanenforcementnoticeincasesofnon-compliance.
O N L I N E V E R S I O NPPROVEDO N L I N E V E R S I O NPPROVEDDO N L I N E V E R S I O NDOCUMENTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOCUMENT?O N L I N E V E R S I O N?
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5ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswithcombustionappliancesandfuelstoragesystemsintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended).
Limitation on requirements Inaccordancewithregulation8oftheBuildingRegulations,therequirementsinPartsAtoD,FtoKandNandP(exceptforparagraphsG2,H2andJ6)ofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulationsdonotrequireanythingtobedoneexceptforthepurposeofsecuringreasonablestandardsofhealthandsafetyforpersonsinoraboutbuildings(andanyotherswhomaybeaffectedbybuildingsormattersconnectedwithbuildings).
ParagraphG2isexcludedfromregulation8asitdealswiththeconservationofwater.ParagraphsH2andJ6areexcludedfromregulation8becausetheydealdirectlywithpreventionofthecontaminationofwaterandofoilpollution.PartsEandM(whichdeal,respectively,withresistancetothepassageofsoundandaccesstoanduseofbuildings)areexcludedfromregulation8becausetheyaddressthewelfareandconvenienceofbuildingusers.PartLisexcludedfromregulation8becauseitaddressestheconservationoffuelandpower.Allthesemattersareamongstthepurposes,otherthanhealthandsafetythatmaybeaddressedbyBuildingRegulations.
Types of work covered by this Approved DocumentBuilding work
Buildingwork,asdefinedinregulation3oftheBuildingRegulations2010,includestheerectionandextensionofabuilding,theprovisionorextensionofacontrolledserviceorfitting,andthematerialalterationofabuildingoracontrolledserviceorfitting.Inaddition,BuildingRegulationsmayapplyincaseswherethepurposesforwhichorthemannerorcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingisusedchangeinthewaythatconstitutesamaterialchangeofuse.Underregulation4oftheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended),buildingworkshouldbecarriedoutinsuchawaythat,oncompletionofwork,
i. thebuildingcomplieswiththeapplicablePartsofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations,
ii. inthecaseofanextensionormaterialalterationofabuilding,ortheprovision,extensionormaterialalterationofacontrolledserviceorfitting,whereitdidnotcomplywithanysuchrequirement,itisnomoreunsatisfactoryinrelationtothatrequirementthanbeforetheworkwascarriedout.
WorkdescribedinPartJconcernstheprovisionorextensionofcontrolledservicesorfittings.WorkassociatedwithinstallationscoveredinthesesectionsmaybesubjecttootherrelevantPartsoftheBuildingRegulations.
Material change of use
Amaterialchangeofuseoccursinspecifiedcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingthatwaspreviouslyusedforonepurposewillbeusedinfutureforanother.WherethereisamaterialchangeofusetheBuildingRegulationssetrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforethebuildingcanbeusedforitsnewpurpose.
Regulation5oftheBuildingRegulationsspecifiesthefollowingcircumstancesasmaterialchangesofuse:
• abuildingisusedasadwellingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.
• abuildingcontainsaflatwherepreviouslyitdidnot.
• abuildingisusedasanhotelorboardinghousewherepreviouslyitwasnot.
• abuildingisusedasaninstitutionwherepreviouslyitwasnot.
• abuildingisusedasapublicbuildingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.
• abuildingnolongercomeswithintheexemptionsinSchedule2totheBuildingRegulationswherepreviouslyitdid.
• abuildingwhichcontainsatleastonedwellingcontainsagreaterorlessernumberofdwellingsthanitdidpreviously.
• abuildingcontainsaroomforresidentialpurposeswherepreviouslyitdidnot.
• abuildingwhichcontainsatleastoneroomforresidentialpuposescontainsagreaterorlessernumberofsuchroomsthanitdidpreviously.
• abuildingisusedasashopwherepreviouslyitwasnot.
PartsJ1toJ4willapplytoallthematerialchangesofusementionedabovewhichmeansthatwheneversuchchangesoccurthebuildingmustbebroughtuptothestandardsrequiredbyPartsJ1toJ4.
Historic buildings
Buildingsincludedinthescheduleofmonumentsmaintainedundersection1oftheAncientMonumentsandArchaeologicalAreasAct1979areexemptfromcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.
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ThereareotherclassesofbuildingswherespecialconsiderationmaybeneededindecidingwhatisadequateprovisionforcompliancewithPartJ:
a. listedbuildings;
b. buildingssituatedindesignatedconservationareas;
c. buildingswhichareofarchitecturalorhistoricinterestandwhicharereferredtoasamaterialconsiderationinalocalauthority’sdevelopmentplan;and
d. buildingsofarchitecturalandhistoricalinterestwithinnationalparks,areasofoutstandingornaturalbeautyandworldheritagesites.
ItwouldnotnormallybeconsideredappropriatetorelaxtherequirementsofPartJsincetheyrelatetohealthandsafety.However,itmaybenecessarytoseekalternativetechnicalsolutionstothosesetoutinthisapproveddocumentinordertoachievereasonablestandardsofsafetywithoutprejudicingthecharacterofthehostbuildingorincreasingtheriskoflong-termdeteriorationofthebuilding’sfabricorfittings.
Indeterminingwhatisappropriateinthecircumstances,theadviceofthelocalauthority’sconservationofficershouldbesought.Theviewsoftheconservationofficerareparticularlyimportantwherebuildingworkrequiresplanningpermissionand/orlistedbuildingconsent.
Notification of workInalmostallcasesofnewbuildingworkitwillbenecessarytonotifyaBuildingControlBody(BCB)inadvanceofanyworkstarting.Therearetwoexceptionstothis:whereworkiscarriedoutunderaself-certificationschemelistedinSchedule3,andwhereworkislistedinSchedule4totheBuildingRegulationsasbeingnotnotifiable.
Competent person self-certification schemes under Schedule 3
Underregulation12(6)oftheBuildingRegulationsitisnotnecessarytonotifyaBCBinadvanceofworkwhichiscoveredbythisApprovedDocumentifthatworkisofatypesetoutincolumn1ofSchedule3totheRegulationsandiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwitharelevantself-certification(competentpersons)schemeassetoutincolumn2ofthatSchedule.Inordertojoinsuchaschemeapersonmustdemonstratecompetencetocarryoutthetypeofworktheschemecovers,andalsotheabilitytocomplywithallrelevantrequirementsintheBuildingRegulations.
Thereareanumberofschemesauthorisedfortheinstallationofcombustionappliances.Detailsofcurrentschemesincludingthose
relatingtocombustionappliancescanbefoundfromwww.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuildingregulations/competentpersonsschemes.Fulldetailsoftheschemescanbefoundontheindividualschemewebsites.
Whereworkiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwithacompetentpersonscheme,regulation20oftheBuildingRegulationsandregulation20(1)oftheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc.)Regulations2010requirethattheoccupierofthebuildingbegiven,within30daysofthecompletionofthework,acertificateconfirmingthattheworkcomplieswithallapplicableBuildingRegulationrequirements.ThereisaalsorequirementthattheBCBbegivenanoticethatthishasbeendone,oracopyofthecertificate,againwithin30daysofthecompletionofthework.Thesecertificatesandnoticesareusuallymadeavailablethroughtheschemeoperator.
BCBsareauthorisedtoacceptthesecertificatesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.However,localauthorityinspectionandenforcementpowersremainunaffected,althoughtheyarenormallyusedonlyinresponsetoacomplaintthatworkdoesnotcomply.
Work which is not notifiable under Schedule 4
Schedule4totheBuildingRegulationssetsouttypesofworkwherethereisnorequirementtonotifyaBCBthatworkistobecarriedout.Thesetypesofworkaremainlyofaminornaturewherethereisnosignificantrisktohealth,safety,waterefficiencyorenergyefficiency.Health,safety,andenergyefficiencyrequirementscontinuetoapplytothesetypesofwork;onlytheneedtonotifyaBCBhasbeenremoved.
Whereonlynon-notifiableworkassetoutinSchedule4iscarriedout,thereisnorequirementforacertificateconfirmingthattheworkcomplieswithBuildingRegulationrequirementstobegiventotheoccupierortheBCB.
Ingeneral,allworkonacombustionappliancewhichisnotarepairormaintenancewillbenotifiableworkandSchedule4willnotapply.However,itmightbepossibletoaddacontroldevicetotheapplianceortoalteritselectricalconnectionundertheallowanceinthisschedule.Localauthoritybuildingcontroldepartmentscangiveadviceincasesofdoubt.
ExemptionsSchedule2totheBuildingRegulationssetsoutanumberofclassesofbuildingswhichareexemptfromallBuildingRegulationsrequirements,includingthoseinPartJ.
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THEREqUIREMENTS JPleasenotethattheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)RegulationsapplytobuildingsexemptundertheBuildingRegulations.
Materials and workmanshipAnybuildingworkwithinthemeaningoftheBuildingRegulationsshould,inaccordancewithregulation7,becarriedoutwithpropermaterialsandinaworkmanlikemanner.
Youmayshowthatyouhavecompliedwithregulation7inanumberofways.TheseincludetheappropriateuseofaproductbearingCEmarkinginaccordancewiththeConstructionProductsDirective(89/106/EEC)asamendedbytheCEMarkingDirective(93/68/EEC)1oraproductcomplyingwithanappropriatetechnicalspecification(asdefinedinthoseDirectives),aBritishStandardoranalternativenationaltechnicalspecificationofanystatewhichisacontractingpartytotheEuropeanEconomicAreawhichinuseisequivalent,oraproductcoveredbyanationalorEuropeancertificateissuedbyaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalissuingbody,andtheconditionsofuseareinaccordancewiththetermsofthecertificate.
YouwillfindfurtherguidanceintheApprovedDocumentsupportingregulation7onmaterialsandworkmanship.
Supplementary guidanceTheDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentoccasionallyissuesadditionalmaterialtoaidinterpretationoftheguidanceinApprovedDocuments.ThismaterialmaybeconveyedinofficialletterstochiefexecutivesoflocalauthoritiesandApprovedInspectorsand/orpostedonthewebsitesaccessedthrough:www.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuilding/buildingregulations/.
Technical SpecificationsStandardsandtechnicalapprovalsarerelevantguidancetotheextentthattheyrelatetohealth,safetyorwaterefficiencyconsiderationsintheBuildingRegulations.Theymayalsoaddressotheraspectsofperformancesuchasserviceability,oraspectsthat,althoughtheyrelatetohealthandsafety,arenotcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations.
WhenanApprovedDocumentmakesreferencetoanamedstandard,therelevantversionofthestandardistheonelistedattheendofthepublication.However,ifthisversionofthestandardhasbeenrevisedorupdatedbytheissuingstandardsbody,thenewversionmaybeusedasasourceofguidanceprovidedthatitcontinuestoaddresstherelevantrequirementsRegulations.Whereitisproposedtoworktothe
1 ImplementedbytheConstructionProductsRegulations1991(SI/1991/1620),bytheConstructionProducts(Amendment)Regulations1991(SI1991/1620).
newversioninsteadoftheversionlistedattheendofpublication,thisshouldbediscussedwithBCBinadvanceofanyworkstarting.
Theappropriateuseofaproduct,whichcomplieswithaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalasdefinedintheConstructionProductsDirective,(89/106/EEC)shouldmeettherelevantrequirements.
Independent schemes of certification and accreditationMuchoftheguidancethroughoutthisdocumentisgivenintermsofperformance.
Sincetheperformanceofasystem,product,componentorstructureisdependentuponsatisfactorysiteinstallation,testingandmaintenance,independentschemesofcertificationandaccreditationofinstallersandmaintenancefirmswillprovideconfidenceintheappropriatestandardofworkmanshipbeingprovided.
Confidencethattherequiredlevelofperformancecanbeachievedwillbedemonstratedbytheuseofasystem,material,productorstructurewhichisprovidedunderthearrangementsofaproductconformitycertificationschemeandanaccreditationofinstallerscheme.
Thirdpartyaccreditedproductconformitycertificationschemesnotonlyprovideameansofidentifyingmaterialsanddesignsofsystems,productsandstructureswhichhavedemonstratedthattheyreachtherequisiteperformance,butadditionallyprovideconfidencethatthesystems,materials,productsandstructuresactuallyprovidedarethesamespecificationordesignasthattestedorassessed.
Thirdpartyaccreditationofinstallersofsystems,materials,productsandstructuresprovidesameansofensuringthatinstallationshavebeenconductedbyknowledgeablecontractorstoappropriatestandards,therebyincreasingthereliabilityoftheanticipatedperformance.
ManycertificationbodiesthatapprovesuchschemesareaccreditedbytheUnitedKingdomAccreditationService(UKAS).
BuildingControlBodiesmayacceptcertificationofproducts,components,materials,orstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.SimilarlyBuildingControlBodiesmayacceptthecertificationofinstallationormaintenanceofproducts,components,materialsandstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.NonethelessaBuildingControlBodywillwishtoestablishinadvanceofthework,thatanysuchschemeisadequateforthepurposeoftheBuildingRegulations.
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Interaction with other legislationThe Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992
TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992containsomerequirementswhichaffectbuildingdesign.ThemainrequirementsarenowcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations,butforfurtherinformationsee:Workplacehealth,safetyandwelfare.Workplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992.ApprovedCodeofPracticeL24.PublishedbyHSEBooks1992(ISBN0717604136).
TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992applytothecommonpartsofflatsandsimilarbuildingsifpeoplesuchascleanersandcaretakersareemployedtoworkinthesecommonparts.WheretherequirementsoftheBuildingRegulationsthatarecoveredbythisPartdonotapplytodwellings,theprovisionsmaystillberequiredinthesituationsdescribedaboveinordertosatisfytheWorkplaceRegulations.
The Clean Air Act 1993
UndertheCleanAirAct1993localauthoritiesmaydeclarethewholeorpartofthedistrictoftheauthoritytobeasmokecontrolarea.Itisanoffencetoemitsmokefromachimneyofabuilding,fromafurnaceorfromanyfixedboileriflocatedinadesignatedsmokecontrolareaunlessanauthorisedfuelwasused.Itisalsoanoffencetoacquirean‘unauthorisedfuel’forusewithinasmokecontrolareaunlessitisusedinan‘exempt’appliance(‘exempted’fromthecontrolswhichgenerallyapplyinthesmokecontrolarea).
AuthorisedfuelsarefuelswhichareauthorisedbyStatutoryInstruments(Regulations)madeundertheCleanAirAct1993.Theseincludeinherentlysmokelessfuelssuchasgas,electricityandanthracitetogetherwithspecifiedbrandsofmanufacturedsolidsmokelessfuels.Thesefuelshavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninginanopenfireplacewithoutproducingsmoke.
Exemptappliancesareappliances(ovens,woodburners,boilersandstoves)whichhavebeenexemptedbyStatutoryInstruments(Orders)undertheCleanAirAct1993.Thesehavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninganunauthorisedorinherentlysmokysolidfuelwithoutemittingsmoke.
Moreinformationanddetailsofauthorisedfuelsandexemptappliancescanbefoundontheinternetathttp://smokecontrol.defra.gov.uk/
MaintenanceTheguidanceinthisApprovedDocumentprovidesawayofensuringthatcombustionappliancescanfunctionsafely.Forcombustionappliancestocontinuetoworksafelyandeffectivelyitisessentialthattheyareadequatelyandregularlyservicedandmaintained.
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ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswiththefollowingRequirementswhicharecontainedintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamendedbySI2001/2214).
Requirement Limitsonapplication
Part J Combustion Appliances and Fuel Storage Systems
Air supply
J1. Combustion appliances shall be so installed that there is an adequate supply of air to them for combustion, to prevent overheating and for the efficient working of any flue.
Discharge of products of combustion
J2. Combustion appliances shall have adequate provision for the discharge of products of combustion to the outside air.
Warning of release of carbon monoxide
J3. Where a fixed combustion appliance is provided, appropriateprovision shall be made to detect and give warning of the release of carbon monoxide.
Protection of building
J4. Combustion appliances and fluepipes shall be so installed, and fireplaces and chimneys shall be so constructed and installed, as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of people suffering burns or the building catching fire in consequence of their use.
Provision of information
J5. Where a hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney is providedor extended, a durable notice containing information on the performance capabilities of the hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney shall be affixed in a suitable place in the building for the purpose of enabling combustion appliances to be safely installed.
Protection of liquid fuel storage systems
J6. Liquid fuel storage systems and the pipes connecting them to combustion appliances shall be so constructed and separated from buildings and the boundary of the premises as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of the fuel igniting in the event of fire in adjacent buildings or premises.
Protection against pollution
J7. Oil storage tanks and the pipes connecting them to combustion appliances shall: (a) be so constructed and protected as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of the oil escaping and causing pollution; and (b) have affixed in a prominent position a durable notice containing information on how to respond to an oil escape so as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of pollution.
Requirements J1 and J2 apply only to fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators).
Requirement J3 applies only to fixed combustion appliances located in dwellings.
Requirement J6 applies only to:
(a) fixed oil storage tanks with capacities greater than 90 litres and connecting pipes; and(b) fixed liquefied petroleum gas storage installations with capacities greater than 150 litres and connecting pipes, which are located outside the building and which serve fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators) in the building.
Requirement J7 applies only to fixed oil storage tanks with capacities of 3500 litres or less, and connecting pipes, which:
(a) are located outside the building; and(b) serve fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators) in a building used wholly or mainly as a private dwelling, but does not apply to buried systems.
Particularreferenceshouldbemadeto:
Approved Document Bforguidanceoncompartmentationofbuildingsforfiresafetypurposesandforappropriatedegreesoffireresistanceforcompartmentboundaries.
Approved Document Fforguidanceonventilationforhealth,andprovisionofextractventilationusingopenfluedcombustionappliances.
The Requirements J1/J2/J3/J4/J5/J6COMBUSTIONAPPLIANCESANDFUELSTORAGESYSTEMS JO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES ANDO N L I N E V E R S I O NAND FUELO N L I N E V E R S I O NFUEL STORAGEO N L I N E V E R S I O NSTORAGE SYSTEMSO N L I N E V E R S I O NSYSTEMS
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Introduction to the provisions0.1 ThisApprovedDocumentgivesguidanceonhowtosatisfytherequirementsofPartJ.AlthoughPartJappliestotheaccommodationofanycombustioninstallationandliquidfuelstoragesystemwithintheLimitsonApplication,theguidanceinthisApprovedDocumenthasbeenpreparedmainlywithdomesticinstallationsinmind,suchasthosecomprisingspaceandwaterheatingsystemsandcookersandtheirflues,andtheirattendantoilandliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)fuelstoragesystems.PartJdoesnotincludespecificprovisionsrelatingtothestorageofsolidfuel(includingsolidbiofuel)buttherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentBshouldbefollowed.
0.2 Theguidanceappliestocombustioninstallationshavingpowerratingsandfuelstoragecapacitiesuptothelimitsshownina)toc)below.GuidancewhichappliesgenerallyisgiveninthissectionandSection1.Morespecificguidanceisthengivenin:
a. Section2forsolidfuelinstallationsofupto45kWrated output;
b. Section3forgasinstallationsofupto70kWnet(77.7kWgross)rated input;
c. Section4foroilinstallationsofupto45kWrated heat output.
Section5givesguidanceonrequirementJ5forheatingoilstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto3500litresandLPGstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto1.1tonne,althoughthereisnosizelimitontheapplicationofrequirementJ5.Section5alsogivesguidanceonrequirementJ6,whichislimitedtoinstallationswherethecapacityoftheoilstoragetankis3500litresorless,servingbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyasprivatedwellings.
0.3 ForinstallationssubjecttotherequirementsofpartJbutoutsidethescopeofthisApprovedDocument,suchasincineratorsorinstallationswithhigherratingsthanthosementionedabove,specialistguidancemaybenecessary.However,somelargerinstallationsmaybeshowntocomplybyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationstobefoundintheCIBSE Guide BandpracticestandardsproducedbyBSIandIGEM.
Explanation of terms used0.4 ThefollowingdefinitionshavebeenadoptedsolelyforthepurposesofprovidingclarityinthisApprovedDocument.
1. Anappliance compartmentisanenclosurespecificallyconstructedoradaptedtoaccommodateoneormorecombustionappliances.
2. Abalanced compartmentisamethodofinstallinganopen-fluedapplianceintoacompartmentwhichissealedfromtheremainderofthebuildingandwhoseventilationissoarrangedinconjunctionwiththeapplianceflueastoachieveabalancedflueeffect.
3. Abalanced flueapplianceisatypeofroom-sealedappliancewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromapointoutsidethebuildingadjacenttothepointatwhichthecombustionproductsaredischarged,theinletandoutletbeingsodisposedthatwindeffectsaresubstantiallybalanced.Balancedfluesmayrunvertically,butinthemostcommonconfigurationtheydischargehorizontallythroughtheexternalwallagainstwhichtheapplianceissituated.
4. Theboundaryistheboundaryofthelandorbuildingsbelongingtoandunderthecontrolofthebuildingowner.DependingupontheparagraphsofthisApprovedDocumenttowhichitapplies,itmaybedrawnonlyaroundtheperimeterofthelandinquestionorextendedtothecentrelineofadjacentroutesorwaterwaysasshowninDiagram1.
5. ABuilding Control BodyisabodythatcarriesoutchecksforcompliancewiththeBuildingRegulationsonplansofbuildingworkandonthebuildingworkitself.TheBuildingControlBodymaybeeitherthelocalauthorityoranApprovedInspector.Forfurtherdetails,seethemanualtotheBuildingRegulations.
6. Thecapacityofanoiltankisitsnominalcapacityasstatedbythemanufacturer.Itisusually95percentofthevolumeofliquidrequiredtofillittothebrim.
Section 0: General guidance
Diagram1 Boundaries in thisApproved Document
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7. Achimneyisastructureconsistingofawallorwallsenclosingoneormoreflues(seeDiagram2).Inthegasindustry,thechimneyforagasapplianceiscommonlycalledtheflue.
8. Acombustion appliance(orappliance)isanapparatuswherefuelisburnedtogenerateheatforspaceheating,waterheating,cookingorothersimilarpurpose.Theappliancedoesnotincludesystemstodeliverfueltoitorforthedistributionofheat.Typicalcombustionappliancesareboilers,warmairheaters,waterheaters,fires,stovesandcookers.
9. ThedesignationsysteminBSEN1443:2003expressestheperformancecharacteristicsofachimneyoritscomponents,asassessedinaccordancewithanappropriateEuropeanproductstandard,bymeansofacodesuchasEN1234–T400 N1D1Gxx.FurtherinformationisgiveninAppendixG.
Sleeve
Diagram2 Chimneys and flues
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10.Adraught breakisanopeningformedbyafactory-madecomponentintoanypartoftheflueservinganopen-fluedappliance.Suchopeningsmaybeprovidedtoallowdilutionairtobedrawnintoaflueortolessentheeffectsofdown-draughtoncombustionintheappliance.
11.Adraught diverterisaformofdraughtbreakintendedtopreventconditionsinthemainlengthoffluefrominterferingwiththecombustionperformanceofanopen-fluedappliance(seeDiagram3(a)).Itallowstheappliancetooperatewithoutinterferencefromdown-draughtsthatmayoccurinadversewindconditionsandexcessivedraught.
12.Adraught stabiliserisafactory-madecounter-balancedflapdeviceadmittingairtotheflue,fromthesamespaceasthecombustionair,topreventexcessivevariationsinthedraught(seeDiagram3(b)).Itisusualforthesetobeinthefluepipeorchimney,buttheymaybelocatedontheappliance.
13.Equivalent areaisdefinedinBSEN13141-1:2004astheareaofasharp-edgedcircularorificewhichwouldpassthesameairflowrateatthesameappliedpressuredifferenceastheproductordevicebeingtested.Theequivalentareaofasimpleventilatorwillbelessthanthegeometricalfreeareaandforcomplexproductsmaybesignificantlyless.
14.Factory-made metal chimneys(alsoknownassystemchimneys)areprefabricatedchimneysthatarecommonlymanufacturedassetsofcomponentsforassemblyonsite(althoughtheycanbesuppliedasoneunit),havingtheperformanceappropriateforthe
intendedappliance.Theyareavailableinvariousmaterialsandtypesrangingfromsingle-walledmetalchimneyssuitableforsomegasappliancestotwin-walledchimneyswithinsulationsandwichedbetweenaninnerlinerandanoutermetalwallwhicharedesignedforoilorsolidfueluse.
15.Inafanned draughtinstallation,theproperdischargeofthefluegasesdependsupontheoperationofafan,whichmaybeseparatelyinstalledintheflueormaybeanintegralpartofthecombustionappliance.Fansincombustionapplianceseithermayextractfluegasesfromthecombustionchamberormaycausethefluegasestobedisplacedfromthecombustionchamberifthefanissupplyingitwithairforcombustion.Applianceswithfansprovidingthecombustionair(includingmostoil-firedandmanygas-firedboilers)arealsocommonlyreferredtoasforceddraughtappliances(seeDiagram4).Fluesinfanneddraughtinstallationsrunhorizontallyorverticallyandcanbeathigherorlowerpressuresthantheirsurroundings,dependentuponthelocationofthefan.
16.Afire compartmentisabuildingorpartofabuildingcomprisingoneormorerooms,spacesorstoreysconstructedtopreventthespreadoffiretoorfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingoranadjoiningbuilding.(Aroof-spaceabovethetopstoreyofafirecompartmentisincludedinthatfirecompartment.)Aseparated partofabuildingisaformofcompartmentationinwhichpartofabuildingisseparatedfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingbyacompartmentwall.Suchwallsrunthefullheightofthepartandareinoneverticalplane.FurtherinformationonthisisgiveninApprovedDocumentBVol2(seeSection8CompartmentationandAppendixCMethodsofMeasurement).
17.Afireplace recessisastructuralopening(sometimescalledabuilder’sopening)formedinawallorinachimneybreast,fromwhichachimneyleadsandwhichhasahearthatitsbase.Simplestructuralopenings(Diagram5(a))aresuitableforclosedappliancessuchasstoves,cookersorboilers,butgathers(Diagram5(b))arenecessaryforaccommodatingopenfires.Fireplacerecessesareoftenlinedwithfirebackstoaccommodateinsetopenfires(Diagram5(c)).Liningcomponentsanddecorativetreatmentsfittedaroundopeningsreducetheopeningarea.Itisthefinishedfireplaceopeningareawhichdeterminesthesizeoffluerequiredforanopenfireinsucharecess.
18.Thefire resistanceofacomponentorconstructionisameasureofitsabilitytowithstandtheeffectsoffireinoneormorewaysforastatedperiodoftime.GuidanceondeterminationofperformanceintermsoffireresistanceisgiveninApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).
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Diagram3 Draught diverter and draught stabiliser
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19.Afire wallisameansofshieldingafueltankfromthethermalradiationfromafire.ForLPGtanks,italsoensuresthatgasaccidentallyleakingfromthetankorfittingsmusttravelbyalongerpathandthereforedispersesafely,beforereachingahazardsuchasanopeninginabuilding,aboundaryorotherpotentialignitionsource.
20.Aflue isapassagethatconveystheproductsofcombustionfromanappliancetotheoutsideair(seeDiagram2).
21.Flueblock chimneysystemsconsistofasetoffactory-madecomponents,madefromprecastconcrete,clayorothermasonryunits,thataredesignedforassemblyonsitetoprovideacompletechimneyhavingtheperformanceappropriatefortheintendedappliance.Therearetwotypesofcommonsystems,onebeingsolelyforusewithgas-burningappliancesandtheother,oftencalledchimneyblocksystems,beingprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel-burningappliances.
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Diagram4 Types of installation
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22.Aflue box isafactorymadeunit,usuallymadeofmetal,whichissimilartoaprefabricatedappliancechamberexceptthatitisdesignedtoaccommodateagasburningapplianceinconjunctionwithafactory-madechimney.
23.Aflueless applianceisonewhichisdesignedtobeusedwithoutconnectiontoaflue.Itsproductsofcombustionmixwiththesurroundingroomairandareeventuallytransportedtotheoutsideasstaleairleavestheroom(seeDiagram4(g)).
24.Aflue lineristhewallofthechimneythatisincontactwiththeproductsofcombustion(seeDiagram2),suchasaconcreteflueliner,theinnerlinerofafactory-madechimneysystemoraflexiblelinerfittedintoanexistingchimney.
25.Aflue outletisthepointatwhichtheproductsofcombustionaredischargedfromthefluetotheoutsideatmosphere,suchasthetopofachimneypotorflueterminal.
26.Afluepipeisapipe,eithersinglewalled(bareorinsulated)ordoublewalled,whichconnectsacombustionappliancetoaflueinachimney.Forclarity,whenusedinthisway,itmaybecalledaconnectingfluepipe.(Fluepipeisalsousedtodescribethetubularcomponentsfromwhichsomefactorymadechimneysforgasandoilappliancesaremadeorfromwhichplasticfluesystemsaremade).
27.Ahearthisabaseintendedtosafelyisolateacombustionappliancefrompeople,combustiblepartsofthebuildingfabricandsoftfurnishings.Theexposedsurfaceofthehearthprovidesaregionaroundtheappliancewhichcanbekeptclearofanythingatriskoffire.Thebodyofthehearthmaybethininsulatingboard,asubstantialthicknessofmaterialsuchasconcreteorsomeintermediateprovisiondependentupontheweightanddownwardheatemissioncharacteristicsoftheappliance(s)uponit(seeDiagram6).
28.Theheat input rateisthemaximumrateofenergyflowintoanappliance.Itiscalculatedastherateoffuelflowtotheappliancemultipliedbyeitherthefuel’sgrossornetcalorificvalue.
Note:Traditionally,theUKhasusedGrossvalues,mostEuropeanstandardsuseNetvalues.Thusforgasappliancesitisnowthenormtoexpressthisratingasanetvalue(kW(net)).
29.Installation instructionsarethoseinstructionsproducedbymanufacturerstoenableinstallerstocorrectlyinstallandtestappliancesandfluesandtocommissionthemintoservice.
30.Inanatural draughtflue,thecombustionproductsflowintotheflueasaresultofthedraughtproducedduetothedifferencebetweenthetemperatureofthegaseswithin
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Diagram5 Fireplace recesses
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theflueandthetemperatureoftheambientair.Tallerfluesproduceagreaterdraughtattheirbase.Exceptforthosebalancedflueapplianceswhicharedesignedtodischargedirectlythroughthewalladjacenttotheappliance,asatisfactorynaturaldraughtrequiresanessentiallyverticalrunofflue(seeDiagram4(a)and(b)).
31.Non-combustible material.Thisisthehighestlevelofreactiontofireperformance.Non-combustiblematerialsinclude:
a. anymaterialwhichwhentestedtoBS476-11:1982(2007)doesnotflamenorcauseanyriseintemperatureoneitherthecentre(specimen) orfurnacethermocouples;and
b. productsclassifiedasnon-combustibleintestsfollowingtheproceduresinBS476-4:1970(2007);
c. anymaterialclassifiedasclassA1inaccordancewithBSEN13501-1:2002Fireclassificationofconstructionproductsandbuildingelements.Classificationusingdatafromreactiontofiretests.
Typicalexamplesofsuchmaterialstobefoundinbuildingsincludetotallyinorganicmaterialssuchasconcrete,firedclay,ceramics,metals,plasterandmasonrycontainingnotmorethan1percentbyweightorvolumeoforganicmaterial.(Useinbuildingsofcombustiblemetalssuchasmagnesium–aluminiumalloysshouldbeassessedineachindividualcase.)
MoredetailedinformationisgiveninApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).
32.A Notified Body,forthepurposesoftheGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations(1995),means:
a. abodywhichisapprovedbytheSecretaryofStateforTradeandIndustryasbeingcompetenttocarryouttherequiredAttestationproceduresforgasappliancesandwhosenameandidentificationnumberhasbeennotifiedbyhim/hertotheCommissionoftheEuropeanCommunityandtoothermemberStatesinaccordancewiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations(1995);
b. abodywhichhasbeensimilarlyapprovedforthepurposesoftheGasAppliancesDirectivebyanothermemberStateandwhosenameandidentificationnumberhasbeennotifiedtotheCommissionandtoothermemberStatespursuanttotheGasAppliancesDirective.
33.Anopen-flued applianceisonewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromtheroomorspacewithinwhichitisinstalledandwhichrequiresafluetodischargeitsproductsofcombustiontotheoutsideair(seeDiagram4(a),(c)and(e)).
34.Aprefabricated appliance chamberisasetoffactory-madeprecastconcretecomponentsdesignedtoprovideafireplacerecesstoaccommodateanappliancesuchasastove,andincorporatesagatherwhenusedwithanopenfire.Thechamberisnormallypositionedagainstawallandmaybedesignedtosupportachimney.Thechamberandchimneyareoftenenclosedtocreateafalsechimneybreast(seealso‘fluebox’).
35.Therated heat input(sometimesshortenedtoratedinput)foragasapplianceisthemaximumheatinputrateatwhichitcanbeoperated,asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.(Seealsoheatinputrate.)
36.Therated heat outputforanoilapplianceisthemaximumdeclaredenergyoutputrate(kW)asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.
Diagram6 The functions of hearths
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37.Therated heat outputforasolidfuelapplianceisthemanufacturer’sdeclarednominalenergyoutputrate(kW)fortheappliance.Thismaybedifferentfordifferentfuels.
38.Aroom-sealed appliancemeansanappliancewhosecombustionsystemissealedfromtheroominwhichtheapplianceislocatedandwhichobtainsairforcombustionfromaventilateduninhabitedspacewithinthebuildingordirectlyfromtheopenairoutsidethebuildingandwhichventstheproductsofcombustiondirectlytoopenairoutsidethebuilding(seeDiagram4(b),(d)and(f)).
39.Solid biofuel means,forthepurposeofthisApprovedDocument,asolidfuelderivedfromplantsandtrees.Itcanincludelogs,woodchips,woodpelletsandotherprocessedplantmaterial.
40.Athroatisacontractedpartofthefluebetweenafireplacerecessanditschimney(seeDiagram22).ThroatsareusuallyformedfromprefabricatedcomponentsasshowninDiagram29.
Measuring the size of flues and ducts0.5 Thesizeaflueorduct(area,diameteretc)shouldbemeasuredatrightanglestothedirectioninwhichgasesflow.Whereoffsetcomponentsareused,theyshouldnotreducetheflueareatolessthantheminimumrequiredforthecombustion appliance(seeDiagram7).
Diagram7 Measurement of flues and ducts
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Performance1.1 IntheSecretaryofState’sviewrequirementsJ1toJ5willbemetifthebuildingprovisionsforthesafeaccommodationofcombustion appliances:
a. enabletheadmissionofsufficientairfor:
i. thepropercombustionoffuelandtheoperationofflues;and
ii. thecoolingofapplianceswherenecessary;
b. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheproductsofcombustionbecomingahazardtohealth.
c. incorporateanappropriatemeansofwarningofareleaseofCarbonMonoxideforfixedappliancesthatburnsolidfuels;
d. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheircausingdangerthroughdamagebyheatorfiretothefabricofthebuilding;
e. havebeeninspectedandtestedtoestablishsuitabilityforthepurposeintended;
f. havebeenlabelledtoindicateperformancecapabilities.
Note:Whilst,forthepurposesofrequirementJ2A,itisconsideredappropriatetorequirecarbonmonoxidealarmsonlywithsolidfuelappliances,suchalarmscanstillreducetheriskofpoisoningfromothertypesofappliance.
Air supply for combustion appliances1.2 Combustion appliancesrequireventilationtosupplythemwithairforcombustion.Ventilationisalsorequiredtoensuretheproperoperationoffluesor,inthecaseofflueless appliances,toensurethattheproductsofcombustionaresafelydispersedtotheoutsideair.Installationofroom-sealed appliancesorthosewithadirectlyconnectedductedexternalairsupplywillminimiseventilationenergylossesfromtheroomandtheriskofcolddraughts.Insomecases,combustion appliancesmayalsorequireairforcoolingcontrolsystemsand/ortoensurethatcasingsremainsafetotouch(seeDiagram8).Generalguidanceonwhereitmaybenecessarytoinstallairventsforthesepurposesisgivenbelow.
1.3 Airventsizes,whicharedependentuponthetypeoffuelburned,aregiveninSections2,3and4andareforonecombustion applianceonly.Theairsupplyprovisionswillusuallyneedtobeincreasedwherearoomcontainsmorethanoneappliance(suchasakitchencontaininganopen-fluedboilerandanopen-fluedcooker).
Permanently open ventilation of rooms1.4 Aroomcontaininganopen-flued appliancemayneedpermanentlyopenairvents.Anopen-fluedappliancemustreceiveacertainamountofairfromoutside(‘combustionair’inDiagram8)dependentuponitstypeandrating.Infiltrationthroughthebuildingfabricmaybesufficientbutforcertainapplianceratingsandformsofconstruction,permanentopeningsarenecessary(seeDiagram8).
Permanent ventilation of appliance compartments1.5 Appliance compartmentsthatencloseopen-fluedcombustion appliancesshouldbeprovidedwithventslargeenoughtoadmitalloftheairrequiredbytheapplianceforcombustionandproperflueoperation,whetherthecompartmentdrawsitsairfromaroomordirectlyfromoutside(seeDiagram8(b)and(c)).
1.6 Whereappliancesrequirecoolingair,appliance compartmentsshouldbelargeenoughtoenableairtocirculateandhigh-andlow-levelventsshouldbeprovided(seeDiagram8(d),(e),(f)and(g)).
1.7 Whereappliancesaretobeinstalledwithinbalanced compartments(seeparagraph0.4(2)),specialprovisionswillbenecessaryandtheapplianceandventilationsystemmanufacturer’sinstructionsshouldbefollowed.
Ventilation of other rooms or spaces1.8 Ifanapplianceisroom-sealedbuttakesitscombustionairfromanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchastheroofvoid)orifafluehasapermanentopeningtoanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchaswhereitfeedsasecondaryflueintheroofvoid),thatspaceshouldhaveventilationopeningsdirectlytooutside.Wheretheroof-spaceistobeusedasasourceofairforacombustioninstallationservingadwelling,thedwellingroofventilationprovisionssuggestedinApprovedDocumentCwouldnormallybesatisfactory.
1.9 Wherefluedappliancesaresuppliedwithcombustionairthroughairventswhichopenintoadjoiningroomsorspaces,theadjoiningroomsorspacesshouldhaveairventopeningsofatleastthesamesizedirecttotheoutside.Airventsforflueless appliances,however,shouldopendirectlytotheoutsideair.
Section 1: Provisions which apply generally to combustion installations
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Diagram8 General air supply to a combustion appliance(forsizesseeSections2,3and4)
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Permanently open air vents1.10 Permanentlyopenairventsshouldbenon-adjustable,sizedtoadmitsufficientairforthepurposeintendedandpositionedwheretheyareunlikelytobecomeblocked.Ventilatorsshouldbeinstalledsothatbuildingoccupantsarenotprovokedintosealingthemagainstdraughtsornoise.Ventilationopeningsshouldnotbemadeinfire-resistingwallsotherthanexternalwalls(althoughtheyshouldnotpenetratethosepartsofexternalwallsshieldingLPGtanks).Airventsshouldnotbelocatedwithinafireplace recessexceptonthebasisofspecialistadvice.
1.11 Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetosizepermanentlyopenairventssothattheirequivalent areaissufficientfortheappliance(s)tobeinstalled(takingaccountwherenecessaryofobstructionssuchasgrillesandanti-verminmesh),andtositethem:
a. outsidefireplace recessesandbeyondthehearthsofopenfiressothatdustorashwillnotbedisturbedbydraughts;and
b. inalocationunlikelytocausediscomfortfromcolddraughts.
1.12 Whereventilationistobeprovidedviaasingleproprietaryassembly,forexamplewhenitisproposedtouseaproprietaryventilatorwithintegralgrillestobridgeacavitywall,theequivalentareaoftheventilatorshouldbetakenasthatdeclaredbythemanufacturerhavingbeenmeasuredbythemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004.
1.13 Wheretwoormorecomponentsaretobeusedtoprovideanon-proprietaryassembly,theassemblyshouldbekeptassimpleandsmoothaspossible.Theassemblyshouldbetakentohaveanequivalent areaequaltothatofthecomponentwiththesmallestequivalent areaintheassembly.
1.14 Theequivalent areastatedintheventilatormanufacturer’sliteratureormarkedontheairventshouldbeusedwheneveritisavailable,asthiscandifferconsiderablyfromthefreeareameasuredatoneendoftheairvent.Whenthisisnotavailabletheequivalent areaofasimpleventilatorwithnointernalbafflescanbetakenasthetotalunobstructedcross-sectionalarea,measuredintheplanewherethisareaisataminimumandatrightanglestothedirectionofairflow.Foranairbrick,grilleorlouvrewithaperturesnosmallerthan5mm,itwillbetheaggregatefreeareaoftheindividualaperturesasshownDiagram9.
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Equivalentor Free area 1
(a) Ventilator assembled on site fromcomponents
The ventilator area is the smaller ofequivalent area (1 or 2) (as declaredby manufacturer), free area (1 or 2)(as measured in (b)) or the duct area.
Equivalentor Free area 2
Diagram9 Ventilator free areas
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20Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ
1.15 Grillesormeshesprotectingairventsfromtheentryofanimalsorbirdsshouldhaveaperturedimensionsnosmallerthan5mm.
1.16 Discomfortfromcolddraughtscanbeavoidedbysupplyingairdirectlytoappliances,locatingventsclosetoappliances(forexamplebyusingfloorvents),bydrawingairfromintermediatespacessuchashallwaysorbyensuringgoodmixingofincomingcoldairbyplacingexternalairventsclosetoceilings(seeDiagrams10and11).Innoisyareasitmaybenecessarytoinstallnoise-attenuatedventilatorstolimittheentryofnoiseintothebuilding.TransferorconnectingventilationshouldbeatlowleveltoreducethetransferofsmokeintheeventofafireandotherwisemeettheguidancegiveninApprovedDocumentB.
1.17 Buildingsmayhaveair-tightmembranesintheirfloorstoisolatethemfromthegroundbelow.Ventilationductsorventsinstalledtosupplyairtocombustion appliancesshouldnotpenetratethesemembranesinawaythatwillrenderthemineffective.Suchmembranes(includingradon-proofmembranes)aredescribedinBREReportBR414(2001)andBREReportBR211(2007),whichgiveguidancewhenservicepenetrationsarenecessary.
Provisions complying with both Part F and Part J1.18 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainopen-fluedcombustion appliancesmayneedpermanentventilationtocomplywithPartJandadjustableventilationtocomplywithPartF.Permanentlyopenairventsforcombustion appliancescanbeacceptedinplaceofsomeoralloftheadjustablebackgroundventilationforhealth,dependentuponopeningareaandlocation.HoweveradjustableventsinstalledtomeettherequirementsofPartFcannotbeusedassubstitutesfortheventilationopeningsneededtocomplywithPartJunlesstheyarefixedpermanentlyopen.
1.19 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainflueless appliancesmayneed:permanentventilationandpurgeventilation(suchasopenablewindows)tocomplywithPartJ;andadjustableventilationandrapidventilationtocomplywithPartF.PermanentventilationprovisionstocomplywithPartJmaybeacceptableinplaceofadjustableventilationprovisionsforPartFsubjecttothelimitationsdescribedinParagraph1.18.Openableelementsinstalledfortherapidventilationofroomsandotherprovisionsmadefortherapidventilationofkitchens,inordertocomplywithPartF,maybeacceptableinplaceofopenableelementsfortherapidventilationofroomsorspacescontainingflueless appliances.
PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS
Well-
Well-
Diagram10 Location of permanent air vent openings, some examples
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21ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
Interaction of mechanical extract ventilation and open-flued combustion appliances1.20 Extractfanslowerthepressureinabuilding,whichcancausethespillageofcombustionproductsfromopen-flued appliances.Thiscanoccureveniftheapplianceandthefanareindifferentrooms.Ceilingfansproduceaircurrentsandhencelocaldepressurisation,whichcanalsocausethespillageoffluegasesfromopen-flued appliancesorfromsolidfuelopenfires.Inbuildingswhereitisintendedtoinstallopen-fluedcombustion appliancesandextractfans,thecombustion appliancesshouldbeabletooperatesafelywhetherornotthefansarerunning.Awayofshowingcomplianceinthesecircumstanceswouldbetofollowtheinstallationguidancebelow,andtoshowbyteststhatcombustion appliancesoperatesafelywhetherornotfansarerunning.
a. Forgasappliances:whereakitchencontainsanopen-fluedappliance,theextractrateofthekitchenextractfanshouldnotexceed20litres/second(72m³/hour).
b. Foroilappliances:wherearoomcontainsanopen-flued appliancetheextractrateshouldbelimitedto40litres/secondforanappliancewithapressurejetburnerand20litres/secondforanappliancewithavaporisingburner.
c. Forsolidfuelappliances:avoidinstallingextractventilationinthesameroom.Anopen-flued applianceinakitchenmaysatisfytherequirementsofPartFthroughpassivestackventilation.RefertoApprovedDocumentF.Ifmechanicalextractionisunavoidablethenseekspecialistadvicetoensuresafeoperationoftheappliance.
d. Forcommercialandindustrialinstallations,specialistadvicemaybenecessaryregardingthepossibleneedfortheinterlockingofgasheatersandanymechanicalventilationsystems.
e. WhenfansareusedtoextractradonfrombelowabuildingfollowtheguidanceinBREGoodBuildingGuideGBG25.
1.21 Asuitabletestwouldbetocheckforspillagewhenappliancesaresubjectedtothegreatestpossibledepressurisation.Aprerequisiteforthisconditionisthatallexternaldoors,windowsandotheradjustableventilatorstooutsideareclosed.Thedepressurisationattheappliancewilldependontheparticularcombinationoffansinoperation(fansintheroomcontainingtheapplianceandfanselsewhereinthebuilding)andthepatternofopeninternaldoors,hatchesetc.whichisestablishedatthetimeofthetest(whenfansshouldbeontheirmaximumuseablesetting),andthespecificcombinationcausingthegreatestdepressurisationattheappliancedependsuponthecircumstancesineachcase.Severaltests(whichshouldincludeatestwiththedoorleadingintotheroomofinstallationclosedandallfansinthatroomswitchedon)maythereforebenecessarytodemonstratethesafeoperationoftheappliancewithreasonablecertainty.Theeffectofceilingfansshouldbecheckedduringthetests.
1.22 Thepresenceofsomefansmaybeobvious,suchasthoseonviewinkitchens,butothersmaybelessobvious:fansinstalledindomesticappliancessuchastumbledryersandfansfittedtootheropen-flued combustion appliancescanalsocontributetodepressurisation.Inaddition,fansmayalsobeprovidedtodrawradongasfromthegroundbelowabuilding(seeParagraph1.17).
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Diagram11 Provision of permanent air vent openings in a solid floor
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1.23 Theappliancemanufacturer’sinstallation instructionsmaydescribeasuitablespillagetestforgasappliancesbuttheprocedureinBS5440-1:2008canbeused.Foroil-firedappliancestheeffectsoffanscanbecheckedand,wherespillageorfluedraughtinterferenceisidentified,itmaybenecessarytoaddadditionalventilationtotheroomorspace.Afluedraughtinterferencetestforoil-firedappliancesisdescribedinOFTECTechnicalBooks2,4and5.
Provision of flues1.24 Appliancesotherthanflueless appliancesshouldincorporateorbeconnectedtosuitableflueswhichdischargetotheoutsideair.
1.25 ThisApprovedDocumentprovidesguidanceonhowtomeettherequirementsintermsofconstructingaflueorchimney,whereeachflueservesoneapplianceonly.FluesdesignedtoservemorethanoneappliancecanmeettherequirementsbyfollowingtheguidanceinBS5410-1:1997foroil-andBS5440-1:2008forgas-firedsystems.However,eachsolidfuelapplianceshouldhaveitsownflue.
Condensates in flues1.26 Chimneysandfluesshouldprovidesatisfactorycontrolofwatercondensation.Waysofprovidingsatisfactorycontrolinclude:
a. forchimneysthatdonotservecondensingappliances,byinsulatingfluessothatfluegasesdonotcondenseinnormaloperation
b. forchimneysthatdoservecondensingappliances:
i. byusingliningcomponentsthatareimpervioustocondensatesandsuitablyresistanttocorrosion(BSEN1443:2003‘W’designation)andbymakingappropriateprovisionsfordraining,avoidingledges,crevices,etc
ii. makingprovisionsforthedisposalofcondensatefromcondensingappliances.
Construction of masonry chimneys1.27 Newmasonrychimneysshouldbeconstructedwithflue linersandmasonrysuitablefortheintendedapplication.Waysofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetousebricks,medium-weightconcreteblocksorstone(withwallthicknessesasgiveninSection2,3or4accordingtotheintendedfuel)withsuitablemortarjointsforthemasonryandsuitablysupportedandcaulkedliners.Linerssuitableforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)couldbe:
a. linerswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:
i. clayflue linerswithrebatesorsocketsforjointingmeetingtherequirementsforClassA1N2orClassA1N1asdescribedinBSEN1457:2009;or
ii. concreteflue linersmeetingtherequirementsfortheclassificationTypeA1,TypeA2,TypeB1orTypeB2asdescribedinBSEN1857:2003;or
iii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).
1.28 Linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturer’sinstructions.Appropriatecomponentsshouldbeselectedtoformthefluewithoutcuttingandtokeepjointstoaminimum.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Linersneedtobeplacedwiththesocketsorrebateendsuppermosttocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheflue.Jointsshouldbesealedwithfirecement,refractorymortarorinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturer’sinstructions.Spacesbetweentheliningandthesurroundingmasonryshouldnotbefilledwithordinarymortar.Intheabsenceoflinermanufacturer’sinstructions,thespacecouldbefilledwithaweakinsulatingconcretesuchasmixturesof:
a. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto20partssuitablelightweightexpandedclayaggregate,minimallywetted;or
b. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto6partsVermiculite;or
c. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto10partsPerlite.
Construction of flueblock chimneys1.29 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeconstructedoffactory-madecomponentssuitablefortheintendedapplicationinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.Waysofmeetingtherequirementforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)includeusing:
a. flueblockswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:
i. clayflueblocksatleastmeetingtherequirementsforClassFB1N2asdescribedinBSEN1806:2006
ii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).
b. blockssuitableforthepurposelinedinaccordancewithParagraph1.27.
1.30 Jointsshouldbesealedinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstructions.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.
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23ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
Material change of use1.31 Whereabuildingistobealteredfordifferentuse(e.g.itisbeingconvertedintoflats)thefire resistanceofwallsofexistingmasonrychimneysmayneedtobeimprovedasshowninDiagram12.
Connecting fluepipes1.32 Satisfactorycomponentsforconstructingconnectingfluepipesinclude:
a. castironfluepipescomplyingwithBS41:1973(1998)
b. metalfluepipesappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburnt–refertodetailedguidanceinSections2,3and4.
c. vitreousenamelledsteelpipecomplyingwithBS6999:1989(1996)
d. otherfluepipeshavingthenecessaryperformancedesignationforusewiththeintendedappliance.
1.33 Fluepipeswithspigotandsocketjointsshouldbefittedwiththesocketfacingupwardstocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheflue.Jointsshouldbemadegas-tight.A
satisfactorywayofachievingthiswouldbetouseproprietaryjointingaccessoriesor,whereappropriate,bypackingjointswithnon-combustibleropeandfirecement.
Repair of flues1.34 Itisimportanttothehealthandsafetyofbuildingoccupantsthatrenovations,refurbishmentsorrepairstoflue linersshouldresultinfluesthatcomplywiththerequirementsofJ2toJ5.Thetestproceduresreferredtoinparagraph1.55andinAppendixEcanbeusedtocheckthis.
1.35 FluesarecontrolledservicesasdefinedinRegulation2oftheBuildingRegulations,thatistosaytheyareservicesinrelationtowhichPartJofSchedule1imposesrequirements.Ifrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairamountstoorinvolvestheprovisionofaneworreplacementflue liner,itis‘buildingwork’withinthemeaningofRegulation3oftheBuildingRegulations.‘Buildingwork’andmustnotbeundertakenwithoutpriornotificationtothelocalauthority.Examplesofworkthatwouldneedtobenotifiedinclude:
a. reliningworkcomprisingthecreationofnewfluewallsbytheinsertionofnewliningssuchasrigidorflexibleprefabricatedcomponents
Diagram12 Material change of use: fire protection of chimneys passingthrough other dwellings
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24Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ
b. acastinsitulinerthatsignificantlyalterstheflue’sinternaldimensions.
Anyoneindoubtaboutwhetherornotanyrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairworkinvolvingaflueisnotifiable‘buildingwork’,couldconsultthebuildingcontroldepartmentoftheirlocalauthority,oranapprovedinspector.
Re-use of existing flues1.36 Whereitisproposedtobringaflueinanexistingchimneybackintouseortore-useafluewithadifferenttypeorratingofappliance,theflueandthechimneyshouldbecheckedand,ifnecessary,alteredtoensurethattheysatisfytherequirementsfortheproposeduse.Awayofcheckingbeforeand/orafterremedialworkwouldbetotesttheflueusingtheproceduresinAppendixE.
1.37 AwayofrefurbishingdefectiveflueswouldbetolinethemusingthematerialsandcomponentsdescribedinSections2,3,and4dependentuponthetypeofcombustion applianceproposed.Beforereliningflues,theyshouldbeswepttoremovedeposits.
1.38 Afluemayalsoneedtobelinedtoreducetheflueareatosuittheintendedappliance.Oversizefluescanbeunsafe.
1.39 Ifachimneyhasbeenrelinedinthepastusingametalliningsystemandtheapplianceisbeingreplaced,themetallinershouldalsobereplacedunlessthemetallinercanbeproventoberecentlyinstalledandcanbeseentobeingoodcondition.
Use of flexible metal flue liners for the relining of chimneys1.40 Awayofreliningachimneywouldbetouseaflexiblemetalflue liner,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheappliance,fuelandfluegascharacteristics.Flexibleflue linersshouldbeusedonlytorelineachimneyandshouldnotbeusedastheprimarylinerofanewchimney.Theycanbeusedtoconnectgasbackboilerstochimneyswheretheapplianceislocatedinafireplace recess.
Use of plastic fluepipe systems1.41 Awayofusingplasticfluesystemsandlinerswouldbetouseaplasticflue,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN14471:2005tosuitetheappliance,fuelandfluecharacteristics.Plasticfluepipesystemscanbeacceptableinsomecases,forexamplewithcondensingboilerinstallations,wherethefluepipesaresuppliedbyorspecifiedbytheappliancemanufacturerasbeingsuitableforpurpose.
Factory-made metal chimneys1.42 Waysofmeetingtherequirementswhenproposingfactory-made metal chimneysinclude:
a. usingcomponentsystemsappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallingtheminaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsofBSEN15287-1:2007;
b. forgasandforoilapplianceswherefluetemperatureswillnotnormallyexceed250°C,usingtwin-walledcomponentsystems(and,forgas,single-walledcomponentsystems)appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallinggasappliancesinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008;
c. usinganyotherchimneysystemthatissuitablefortheintendedpurposeandinstalledinaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsinBSEN15287-1:2007orBS5440-1:2008,asappropriatetothetypeofappliancebeinginstalled.
1.43 Whereafactory-made metal chimneypassesthroughawall,sleevesshouldbeprovidedtopreventdamagetotheflueorbuildingthroughthermalexpansion.Tofacilitatethecheckingofgas-tightness,jointsbetweenchimneysectionsshouldnotbeconcealedwithinceilingjoistspacesorwithinthethicknessesofwallswithoutproperaccessbeingprovided(seeparagraph1.47).
1.44 Whenprovidingafactory-made metal chimney,provisionshouldbemadetowithdrawtheappliancewithouttheneedtodismantlethechimney.
1.45 Factory-made metal chimneysshouldbekeptasuitabledistanceawayfromcombustiblematerials.WaysofmeetingtherequirementforchimneysdesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003comprise:
a. locatingthechimneynotlessthandistance‘xx’fromcombustiblematerial,where‘xx’isdefinedinBSEN1856-1:2003asshowninDiagram13;
b. whereachimneypassesthroughacupboard,storagespaceorroofspace,providingaguardplacednoclosertotheouterwallofthechimneythanthedistanceina)above.
1.46 Whereafactory-made metal chimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidancebuttherequirementsmaybemetby:
a. usingafactory-made metal chimneyoftheappropriateleveloffire resistanceinstalledinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003AnnexNA;or
b. casingthechimneyinnon-combustible materialgivingatleasthalfthefire resistancerecommendedforthefire compartmentwallorfloor.
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Concealed flues1.47 Whereaflueisroutedwithinavoid,appropriatemeansofaccessatstrategiclocationsshouldbeprovidedtoallowthefollowingaspectstobevisuallycheckedandconfirmed.Thisisnecessarybothwhenanapplianceisfirstinstalledandsubsequentlywhentheapplianceisserviced:
• theflueiscontinuousthroughoutitslength
• alljointsappearcorrectlyassembledandareappropriatelysealed
• theflueisadequatelysupportedthroughoutitslength
• anyrequiredgradientoffallbacktotheboiler(requiredtorecoverthecondensateproducedaspartofthecombustionprocess)andanyotherrequireddrainpointshavebeenprovided.
Meansofaccessforfluesneedstobesufficientlysizedandpositionedtoallowavisualinspectiontobeundertakenoftheflue,particularlyatanyjointsintheflue.Itisnotintendedthatthemeansofaccessshouldbesizedtoallowfullphysicalaccesstothefluesystem.Diagram14showsanacceptableapproachforaflueinanceilingvoid.
Fluesshouldnotpassthroughanotherdwellingsinceaccessforinspectionmaynotalwaysbeavailabletothatdwellingandchimneysystemrunningthroughit.Fluesmaypassthroughcommunalareasincludingpurpose-designedductswhereinspectionaccessisprovided.
Any‘meansofaccess’shouldnotimpairanyfire,thermaloracousticrequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.RefertotherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentsB,LandE.Wherenecessary,inspectionpanelsorhatchesshouldbefittedwithresilientsealsandprovidethesimilarstandardsoffire,thermalandacousticisolationtothesurroundingstructure.
Accesshatchesshouldbeatleast300mmx300mmorlargerwherenecessarytoallowsufficientaccesstothevoidtolookalongthelengthoftheflue.Digram14showsanacceptableapproachtoprovidingaccesstoahorizontalfluelocatedwithinaceilingvoid.
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Distance xx
distance (xxmm) asdesignated to BS EN 1856-1
xx
xx
Diagram13 The separation of combustible material from a factory-made metalchimney designated to BS EN 1856-1:2003
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Configuration of natural draught flues serving open-flued appliances1.48 Fluesystemsshouldofferleastresistancetothepassageoffluegasesbyminimisingchangesindirectionorhorizontallength.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetobuildfluessothattheyarestraightandverticalexceptfortheconnectionstocombustion applianceswithrearoutletswherethehorizontalsectionshouldnotexceed150mm.Wherebendsareessential,theyshouldbeangledatnomorethan45°tothevertical.
1.49 Provisionsshouldbemadetoenablefluestobesweptandinspected.Awayofmakingreasonableprovisionwouldbetolimitthenumberofchangesofdirectionbetweenthecombustion applianceoutletandtheflue outlettonotmorethanfour(eachupto45°),withnotmorethantwoofthesebeingbetweenanintendedpointofaccessforsweepingandeitheranotherpointofaccessforsweepingortheflue outlet.(90°factory-madebends,elbowsorTeepiecesinfluepipesmaybetreatedasbeingequaltotwo45°bends(seeDiagram15)).
PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS
Flue terminal Flue terminalExternal wall
Inte
rnal
wal
l
Inspection hatchx
x
x
Inspection hatch
Concealedflue connection
All voids containing concealed flues should have at least one inspection hatchmeasuring at least 300mm square.
No flue joint within the void should be more than 1.5m distant from the edge of the nearest inspection hatch, i.e. dimension x in the diagram should be less than 1.5m.
Where possible inspection hatches should be located at changes of direction.Where this is not possible then bends should be viewable from both directions.
Accessibleflue connection
Boiler A
Boiler B
Any intervening jointsto be visible within 1.5m of an inspectionhatch
Any intervening jointsto be visible within 1.5m of an inspectionhatch
Inspection hatch
Inspection hatch
+
xx
Diagram14 Example locations of access panels for concealed horizontal flues
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Inspection and cleaning openings in flues1.50 Aflueshouldnothaveopeningsintomorethanoneroomorspaceexceptforthepurposesof:
a. inspectionorcleaning;or
b. fittinganexplosiondoor,draught break,draught stabiliserordraught diverter.
1.51 Openingsforinspectionandcleaningshouldbeformedusingpurposefactory-madecomponentscompatiblewiththefluesystem,havinganaccesscoverthathasthesamelevelofgas-tightnessasthefluesystemandanequallevelofthermalinsulation.Openingsforcleaningtheflueshouldalloweasypassageofthesweepingbrush.Coversshouldalsobenon-combustibleexceptwherefittedtoacombustiblefluepipe(suchasaplasticfluepipe).Aftertheappliancehasbeeninstalled,itshouldbepossibletosweepthewholeflue.
Flues discharging at low level near boundaries1.52 Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundariesshoulddosoatpositionswherethebuildingownerwillalwaysbeabletoensuresafefluegasdispersal.AwayofachievingthiswhereownersofadjacentlandcouldbuilduptotheboundarywouldbetoadoptthesuggestionsinDiagram34or41,asrelevant.
Dry lining around fireplace openings1.53 Whereadecorativetreatment,suchasafireplacesurround,masonrycladdingordrylining,isprovidedaroundafireplaceopening,anygapsthatcouldallowfluegasestoescapefromthefireplaceopeningintothevoidbehindthedecorativetreatmentshouldbesealedtopreventsuchleakage.Thesealingmaterialshouldbecapableofremaininginplacedespiteanyrelativemovementbetweenthedecorativetreatmentandthefireplace recess.
Condition of combustion installations at completion1.54 ResponsibilityforachievingcompliancewiththerequirementsofPartJrestswiththepersoncarryingoutthework.That‘person’maybe,e.g.,aspecialistfirmdirectlyengagedbyaprivateclientoritmaybeadeveloperormaincontractorwhohascarriedoutworksubjecttoPartJorengagedasub-contractortocarryitout.Inordertodocumentthestepstakentoachievecompliancewiththerequirements,areportshouldbedrawnupshowingthatmaterialsandcomponentsappropriatetotheintendedapplicationhavebeenusedandthatflueshavepassedappropriatetests.AsuggestedchecklistforsuchareportisgivenatAppendixAandguidanceontestingisgivenatAppendixE.Otherformsofreportmaybeacceptable.Specialistfirmsshouldprovidethereporttotheclient,developerormaincontractor,whomaybeaskedfordocumentationbytheBuilding Control Body.
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Diagram15 Bends in flues
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1.55 Fluesshouldbecheckedatcompletiontoshowthattheyarefreefromobstructions,satisfactorilygas-tightandconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizeswhichsuittheintendedapplication.Wherethebuildingworkincludestheinstallationofacombustion appliance,testsshouldcoverfluepipesand[thegas-tightnessof]jointsbetweenfluepipesandcombustion applianceoutlets.AspillagetesttocheckforcompliancewithJ2shouldbecarriedoutwiththeapplianceunderfire,aspartoftheprocessofcommissioningtocheckforcompliancewithPartL,and(inrelevantcases)asrequiredbytheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations.
1.56 Hearthsshouldbeconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizestosuittheintendedapplicationandshouldshowtheareawherecombustiblematerialsshouldnotintrude.
Notice plates for hearths and flues (Requirement J5)1.57 Whereahearth,fireplace(includingaflue box),flueorchimneyisprovidedorextended(includingcaseswhereaflueisprovidedaspartoftherefurbishmentwork),informationessentialtothecorrectapplicationanduseofthesefacilitiesshouldbepermanentlypostedinthebuilding.AwayofmeetingthisrequirementwouldbetoprovideanoticeplateasshowninDiagram16conveyingthefollowinginformation:
a. thelocationofthehearth,fireplace(orflue box)orthelocationofthebeginningoftheflue;
b. thecategoryoftheflueandgenerictypesofappliancesthatcanbesafelyaccommodated;
c. thetypeandsizeoftheflue(oritslinerifithasbeenrelined)andthemanufacturer’sname;
d. theinstallationdate.
1.58 Noticeplatesshouldberobust,indeliblymarkedandsecurelyfixedinanunobtrusivebutobviouspositionwithinthebuildingsuchas:
a. nexttotheelectricityconsumerunit;or
b. nexttothechimneyorhearthdescribed;or
c. nexttothewatersupplystop-cock.
1.59 ForchimneyproductswhoseperformancecharacteristicshavebeenassessedinaccordancewithaEuropeanStandard(EN)andwhicharesuppliedormarkedwithadesignation,theinstallermayoptionallyincludethisdesignationonthelabelasshowninDiagram16.
Access to combustion appliances for maintenance1.60 Thereshouldbeapermanentmeansofsafeaccesstoappliancesformaintenance.Roofspaceinstallationsofgas-firedappliancesshouldcomplywiththerequirementsofBS6798:2009.
Diagram16 Example notice plate for hearths and flues
PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICHO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICH APPLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLY GENERALLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NGENERALLY TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO
INSTALLATIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NINSTALLATIONS
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Air supply to appliances2.1 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoadoptthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,beginningatParagraph1.2,inconjunctionwiththeguidancebelow.
2.2 AnyroomorspacecontaininganapplianceshouldhaveapermanentairventopeningofatleastthesizeshowninTable1.Forappliancesdesignedtoburnarangeofdifferentsolidfuelstheairsupplyshouldbedesignedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatproducesthehighestheatingoutput.
2.3 Somemanufacturersmayspecifyevenlargerareasofpermanentlyopenairventsoromittospecifyarated output(forexampleinthecaseofacooker).Inthesecases,manufacturers’installation instructionsshouldbefollowedsubjecttoanyminimumventilationprovisionsofthisApprovedDocument.
Table1 Air supply to solid fuel appliances
Type of appliance Type and amount of ventilation (1)
Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithnothroat,e.g.afireunderacanopyasinDiagram23.
Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthecrosssectionalareaoftheflue.
Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithathroatasinDiagrams22and29.
Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthethroatopeningarea.(2)
Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withafluedraughtstabiliser.
Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:
Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then
300mm2/kWforfirst5kWofapplianceratedoutput
850mm2/kWforbalanceofapplianceratedoutput
Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then850mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutput(4)
Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withnofluedraughtstabiliser.
Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:
Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then
550mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutputabove5kW
Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then550mm2perkWofapplianceratedoutput(4)
Notes:
1. EquivalentareaisasmeasuredaccordingtothemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004orestimatedaccordingtoparagraph1.14.Dividetheareagiveninmm2by100tofindthecorrespondingareaincm2
2. ForsimpleopenfiresasdepictedinDiagram29,therequirementcanbemetwithroomventilationareasasfollows:
Nominalfiresize(fireplaceopeningsize) 500mm 450mm 400mm 350mm
Totalequivalentareaofpermanentlyopenairvents 20,500mm2 18,500mm2 16,500mm2 14,500mm2
3. Example:anappliancewithafluedraughtstabiliserandaratedoutputof7kWwouldrequireanequivalentareaof:[5x300]+[2x850]=3200mm2
4. Itisunlikelythatadwellingconstructedpriorto2008willhaveanairpermeabilityoflessthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paunlessextensivemeasureshavebeentakentoimproveair-tightness.SeeAppendixF.
Size of flues2.4 Fluepipesshouldhavethesamediameterorequivalentcross-sectionalareaasthatoftheapplianceflue outletandshouldnotbesmallerthanthesizerecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.
2.5 FluesshouldbeatleastthesizeshowninTable2relevanttotheparticularappliance,andnotlessthanthesizeoftheapplianceflue outletorthatrecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.
Section 2: Additional provisions for appliances burning solid fuel (including solid biofuel) with a rated output up to 50kW
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2.6 Formulti-fuelappliances,theflueshouldbesizedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatrequiresthelargestflue.
Table2 Size of flues in chimneys
Installation (1) Minimum flue size
Fireplacewithanopeningofupto500mmx550mm 200mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan175mm
Fireplacewithanopeninginexcessof500mmx550mmorafireplaceexposedontwoormoresides
Seeparagraph2.7.Ifrectangular/squarefluesareusedtheminimumdimensionshouldbenotlessthan200mm
Closedapplianceofupto20kWratedoutputwhich:a) burnssmokelessorlow-volatilesfuel(2)orb) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof
theCleanAirActwhenburninganappropriatebituminouscoal(3)
orc) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof
theCleanAirActwhenburningwood(3)
125mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan100mmforstraightfluesor125mmforflueswithbendsoroffsets
PelletburnerorpelletboilerwhichmeetstherequirementsoftheCleanAirAct(3)
125mmdiameter
Thismaybereducedtonolessthan100mmwhenpermittedbytheappliancemanufacturerandsupportedbycalculationaccordingtoBSEN13384-1:2002.Thiscalculationcanbeappliedtoanindividualinstallationormanufacturerscanprovideprecalculateddesigns.
Otherclosedapplianceofupto30kWratedoutputburninganyfuel
150mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan125mm
Closedapplianceofabove30kWandupto50kWratedoutputburninganyfuel
175mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan150mm
Notes:
1. Closedappliancesincludecookers,stoves,roomheatersandboilers.
2. Fuelssuchasbituminouscoal,untreatedwoodorcompressedpaperarenotsmokelessorlow-volatilesfuels.
3. Theseappliancesareknownas‘exemptedfireplaces’.
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2.7 Forfireplaceswithopeningslargerthan500mmx550mmorfireplacesexposedontwoormoresides(suchasafireplaceunderacanopyoropenonbothsidesofacentralchimneybreast)awayofshowingcompliancewouldbetoprovideafluewithacross-sectionalareaequalto15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthefireplaceopening(s)(seeAppendixB).However,specialistadviceshouldbesoughtwhenproposingtoconstructflueshavinganareaof:
a. morethan15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthefireplaceopenings;or
b. morethan120,000mm²(0.12m²).
Height of flues2.8 Fluesshouldbehighenoughtoensuresufficientdraughttocleartheproductsofcombustion.Theheightnecessaryforthiswilldependuponthetypeoftheappliance,theheightofthebuilding,thetypeofflueandthenumberofbendsinit,andanassessmentoflocalwindpatterns.However,aminimumflueheightof4.5mcouldbesatisfactoryiftheguidanceinParagraphs2.10to2.12isadopted.Asanalternativeapproach,thecalculationprocedurewithinBSEN13384-1:2005canbe
usedasthebasisfordecidingwhetherachimneydesignwillprovidesufficientdraught.
2.9 Theheightofaflueservinganopenfireismeasuredverticallyfromthehighestpointatwhichaircanenterthefireplacetothelevelatwhichthefluedischargesintotheoutsideair.Thehighestpointofairentryintothefireplacecouldbethetopofthefireplaceopeningor,forafireunderacanopy,thebottomofthecanopy.Theheightofaflueservingaclosedapplianceismeasuredverticallyfromtheapplianceoutlet.
Outlets from flues2.10 Theoutletfromaflueshouldbeabovetheroofofthebuildinginapositionwheretheproductsofcombustioncandischargefreelyandwillnotpresentafirehazard,whateverthewindconditions.
2.11 Flue outletpositionswhichcanmeettherequirementsincommoncircumstancesareshowninDiagram17.Thechimneyheightsand/orseparationsshownmayneedtobeincreasedinparticularcaseswherewindexposure,surroundingtallbuildings,hightreesorhighgroundcouldhaveadverseeffectsonfluedraught.
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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDFUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW J
Regulated building
Adjacent building
Point where flue passes through weather surface (Notes 1, 2) Clearances to flue outlet
A At or within 600mm of the ridge
At least 600mm above the ridge
B Elsewhere on a roof (whether pitched or flat)
At least 2300mm horizontally from the nearest point on the weather surface and:
a) at least 1000mm above the highest point of intersection of the chimney and the weather surface; or
b) at least as high as the ridge.
C Below (on a pitched roof) or within 2300mm horizontally to an openable rooflight, dormer window or other opening (Note 3)
At least 1000mm above the top of the opening.
D Within 2300mm of an adjoining or adjacent building, whether or not beyond the boundary (Note 3)
At least 600mm above any part of the adjacent building within 2300mm.
Notes
1) The weather surface is the building external surface, such as its roof, tiles or external walls.
2) A flat roof has a pitch less than 10°.
3) The clearances given for A or B, as appropriate, will also apply.
4) A vertical flue fixed to an outside wall should be treated as equivalent to an inside flue emerging at the nearest edge of the roof.
Diagram17 Flue outlet positions for solid fuel appliances
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2.12 Awayofmeetingtherequirementswherefluesdischargeonorincloseproximitytoroofswithsurfaceswhicharereadilyignitable,suchaswhereroofsarecoveredinthatchorshingles,wouldbetoincreasetheclearancestoflue outletstothoseshowninDiagram18.
Note:Thatchedroofscansometimesbevulnerabletospontaneouscombustioncausedbyheattransferredfromfluesbuildingupinthicklayersofthatchincontactwiththechimney.Toreducetheriskitisrecommendedthatrigidtwin-walledinsulatedmetal flue linersbeusedwithinaventilated(topandbottom)masonrychimneyvoidprovidedtheyareadequatelysupportedandnotindirectcontactwiththemasonry.Non-metallicchimneysandcastin-situflue linerscanalsobeusedprovidedtheheattransfertothethatchisassessedinrelationtothedepthofthatchandriskofspontaneouscombustion.
Sparkarrestorsarenotgenerallyrecommendedastheycanbedifficulttomaintainandmayincreasetheriskofflueblockageandfluefires.
FurtherinformationandrecommendationsarecontainedinHetasInformationPaper1/007Chimneys in Thatched Properties.
Connecting fluepipes2.13 ForconnectingfluepipesawayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowthegeneralguidanceinParagraphs1.32and1.33.
Location and shielding of connecting fluepipes2.14 Connectingfluepipesshouldbeusedonlytoconnectappliancestotheirchimneys.Theyshouldnotpassthroughanyroofspace,partition,internalwallorfloor,excepttopassdirectlyinto
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW
Diagram18 Flue outlet positions for solid fuel appliances – clearances to easilyignited roof coverings (Note:ThisdiagramneedstobereadinconjunctionwithDiagram17)
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achimneythrougheitherawallofthechimneyorafloorsupportingthechimney.Connectingfluepipesshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheburnhazardtheypresenttopeopleisnotimmediatelyapparent.
2.15 Connectingfluepipesshouldbelocatedsoastoavoidignitingcombustiblematerial.Waysofmeetingtherequirementincludeminimisinghorizontalandslopingrunsand:
a. followingtheguidanceinParagraph1.45wheretheconnectingfluepipeisafactory-mademetalchimneywhoseperformanceisatleastequaltodesignationT400N2D3GaccordingtoBSEN1856-1:2003orBSEN1856-2:2004,andinstalledtoBSEN15827-1;or
b. separationbyshieldinginaccordancewithDiagram19.
Debris collection space2.16 Whereachimneycannotbecleanedthroughtheappliance,adebriscollectingspacewhichisaccessibleforemptyingandsuitablysizedopening(s)forcleaningshouldbeprovidedatappropriatelocationsinthechimney.
Masonry and flueblock chimneys2.17 MasonrychimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28.Flueblock chimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.29and1.30.Theminimumchimneythicknessanddistancetocombustibles(xxmm)shouldbenolessthanthemanufacturer’sproductdeclaration(Gxx)basedontestingtoBSEN1858:2008(concreteflueblocks)orBSEN1806:2006(clay/ceramicflueblocks).OthermasonrychimneyproductsshouldexceedtheminimumthicknessindicatedinDiagram20.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDFUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW J
At least3 � D
At lea
st
3 � D
At least3 � D
At least1.5 � D
At least1.5 � D
At least1.5 � D
At least1.5 � D
At least1.5 � D
Diagram19 Protecting combustible material from uninsulated fluepipes for solidfuel appliances
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Separation of combustible material from fireplaces and masonry flues2.18 Combustiblematerialshouldnotbelocatedwhereitcouldbeignitedbytheheatdissipatingthroughthewallsoffireplacesormasonryflues.AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram21sothatcombustiblematerialisatleast:
a. 200mmfromtheinsidesurfaceofaflueorfireplace recess;or
b. atleastxxmmfromaflueproductwithdesignatedseparationdistance(Gxx);or
c. 40mmfromtheoutersurfaceofamasonrychimneyorfireplace recessunlessitisafloorboard,skirtingboard,dadoorpicturerail,mantel-shelforarchitrave.Metalfixingsincontactwithcombustiblematerialsshouldbeatleast50mmfromtheinsidesurfaceofaflue.
Factory-made metal chimneys2.19 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetocomplywithParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1(butnotParagraph1.42(b)).TheappropriatedesignationisgiveninTable3.
Lining and relining of flues in chimneys2.20 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Existingfluesbeingre-usedshouldbecheckedasdescribedinParagraph1.36.Waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:
a. linerswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:
i. factory-madeflueliningsystemsmanufacturedtoBSEN1856-1:2003orBSEN1856-2:2004.
ii. acastin-situfluereliningsystemwherethematerialandinstallationproceduresaresuitableforusewithsolidfuelburningappliancesandmeetingtherelevantrequirementsofBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008.
iii. othersystemswhicharesuitableforusewithsolidfuel-burningappliancesandmeetingthecriteriain(a).
b. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27.
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Diagram20 Wall thicknesses for masonry and flueblock chimneys
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Table3 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new solid fuel fired appliances
Appliance type
Minimum designation
Fuel type
Allsolidfuelappliances
MasonryorflueblockfluewithlinertoT400N2D3Gxx
ClayflueblocksFB1N2
Clay/ceramiclinersB1N2
ConcretelinersB2
FactorymademetalchimneystoT400N2D3Gxx
Coal,SmokelessFuel,Peat,woodandotherbiomass
Seeparagraph1.27–1.29and1.42
Formation of gathers2.21 Tominimiseresistancetotheproperworkingofflues,taperedgathersshouldbeprovidedinfireplacesforopenfires.Waysofachievingthesegathersinclude:
a. usingprefabricatedgathercomponentsbuiltintoafireplace recess,asshowninDiagram22(a);or
b. corbellingofmasonryasshowninDiagram22(b);or
c. usingasuitablecanopy,asshowninDiagram23;or
d. usingaprefabricated appliance chamberincorporatingagather.
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Diagram21 Minimum separation distances from combustible material in or near a chimney
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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW
Diagram22 Construction of fireplace gathers
Diagram23 Canopy for an open solid fuel fire
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Hearths2.22 Hearthsshouldbeconstructedofsuitablyrobustmaterialsandtoappropriatedimensionssuchthat,innormaluse,theypreventcombustionappliancessettingfiretothebuildingfabricandfurnishings,andtheylimittheriskofpeoplebeingaccidentallyburnt.AwayofmakingprovisionwouldbetoadopttheguidanceinParagraphs2.23to2.28andtoprovideahearthappropriatetothetemperaturestheappliancecancreatearoundit.Thehearthshouldbeabletoaccommodatetheweightoftheapplianceanditschimneyifthechimneyisnotindependentlysupported.
2.23 Appliancesshouldstandwhollyabove:
a. hearthsmadeofnon-combustibleboard/sheetmaterialortilesatleast12mmthick,iftheapplianceisnottostandinanappliancerecessandhasbeentestedtoanapplicableappliancestandardtoverifythatitcannot
causethetemperatureoftheuppersurfaceofthehearthtoexceed100°C;or
b. constructionalhearthsinaccordancewiththeparagraphsbelow.
2.24 Constructionalhearthsshould:
a. haveplandimensionsasshowninDiagram24;and
b. bemadeofsolid,non-combustible material,suchasconcreteormasonry,atleast125mmthick,includingthethicknessofanynon-combustiblefloorand/ordecorativesurface.
2.25 Combustiblematerialshouldnotbeplacedbeneathconstructionalhearthsunlessthereisanair-spaceofatleast50mmbetweentheundersideofthehearthandthecombustiblematerial,orthecombustiblematerialisatleast250mmbelowthetopofthehearth(seeDiagram25).
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Diagram24 Constructional hearth suitable for a solid fuel appliance (including open fires)
Diagram25 Constructional hearth suitable for a solid fuel appliance (including open fires)
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2.26 AnapplianceshouldbelocatedonahearthsothatitissurroundedbyasurfacefreeofcombustiblematerialasshowninDiagram26.ThissurfacemaybepartofthesurfaceofthehearthprovidedinaccordancewithParagraph2.23,oritmaybethesurfaceofasuperimposedhearthlaidwhollyorpartlyuponaconstructionalhearth.Theboundaryofthissurfaceshouldbevisuallyapparenttoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.
2.27 DimensionsshowninDiagram26maybereducedtomanufacturer’srecommendationsforapplianceswithsurfacetemperaturesnotexceeding85°Cwheninnormaloperationandwherethereisnoriskofspillageoffuelorash.
2.28 Combustiblematerialplacedonorbesideaconstructionalhearthshouldnotextendunderasuperimposedhearthbymorethan25mmortocloserthan150mmmeasuredhorizontallytotheappliance.
2.29 SomewaysofmakingtheseprovisionsareshowninDiagram27.
Fireplace recesses and prefabricated appliance chambers2.30 Fireplacesforopenfiresneedtobeconstructedsuchthattheyadequatelyprotectthebuildingfabricfromcatchingfire.Awayofachievingtherequirementswouldbetobuild:
a. fireplace recessesfrommasonryorconcreteasshowninDiagram28;or
b. prefabricatedfactory-madeappliancechambersusingcomponentsthataremadeofinsulatingconcretehavingadensityofbetween1200and1700kg/m³andwiththeminimumthicknessasshowninTable4.Componentsshouldbesuppliedassetsforassemblyandjointinginaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW
Diagram26 Non-combustible hearth surface surrounding a solid fuel appliance
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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDFUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW J
Diagram27 Ways of providing hearths
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Table4 Prefabricated appliance chambers: minimum thickness
Component Minimum thickness (mm)
Base 50
Sidesection,formingwalloneithersideofchamber 75
Backsection,formingrearofchamber 100
Topslab,lintelorgather,formingtopofchamber 100
Fireplace lining components2.31 Afireplace recessmayrequireprotectionfromheatifitistoprovideadurablesettingforcertainappliancessuchasinsetopenfires.SuitableprotectionwouldbefireplaceliningcomponentsasshowninDiagram29orliningtherecesswithsuitablefirebricks.
Walls adjacent to hearths2.32 Wallsthatarenotpartofafireplace recessoraprefabricated appliance chamberbutareadjacenttohearthsorappliancesalsoneedtoprotectthebuildingfromcatchingfire.AwayofachievingtherequirementisshowninDiagram30.Thinnermaterialcouldbeusedprovideditgivesthesameoveralllevelofprotectionasthesolidnon-combustible material.
2.33 ClearancesshowninDiagram30maybereducedtomanufacturer’srecommendationsforapplianceswithsurfacetemperaturesnotexceeding85°Cwheninnormaloperation.
Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationslistedbelowtoachievealevelofperformanceequivalenttothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:
a. BSEN15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.Chimneysfornon-room-sealedheatingappliances;and
b. BS8303:1994Installationofdomesticheatingandcookingappliancesburningsolidmineralfuels.Parts1to3.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW
Diagram28 Fireplace recesses
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Carbon monoxide alarms2.34 Whereaneworreplacementfixedsolidfuelapplianceisinstalledinadwelling,acarbonmonoxidealarmshouldbeprovidedintheroomwheretheapplianceislocated.
2.35 CarbonmonoxidealarmsshouldcomplywithBSEN50291:2001andbepoweredbyabatterydesignedtooperatefortheworkinglifeofthealarm.Thealarmshouldincorporateawarningdevicetoalertuserswhentheworkinglifeofthealarmisduetopass.Mains-poweredBSEN50291TypeAcarbonmonoxidealarmswithfixedwiring(notplug-intypes)maybeusedasalternativeapplicationsprovidedtheyarefittedwithasensorfailurewarningdevice.
2.36 Thecarbonmonoxidealarmshouldbelocatedinthesameroomastheappliance:
a. ontheceilingatleast300mmfromanywallor,ifitislocatedonawall,ashighupaspossible(aboveanydoorsandwindows)butnotwithin150mmoftheceiling;and
b. between1mand3mhorizontallyfromtheappliance.
Note:FurtherguidanceontheinstallationofcarbonmonoxidealarmsisavailableinBSEN50292:2002andfrommanufacturers’instructions.Provisionofanalarmshouldnotberegardedasasubstituteforcorrectinstallationandregularservicing.
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Diagram29 Open fireplaces: throat and fireplace components
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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW
Diagram30 Wall adjacent to hearths
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Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations3.1 AllcombustioninstallationsmustbeaccommodatedinwaysthatmeettherequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.However,gasinstallationsalsohavetocomplywiththeGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations,whichrequireanyoneundertakinggasworktobecompetent.Anygasengineeringbusiness,whetheranemployerorselfemployed,mustbeamemberofaclassofpersonsapprovedbytheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE).Becauseofthis,theBuildingRegulationsallowthatworkneednotbenotifiedtoBuilding Control Bodiesifitsolelycomprisestheinstallationofagasapplianceanditistobeundertakenbyamemberofsuchanapprovedclassofpersons.TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationscoverthesafeinstallationmaintenanceanduseofgasfittings,appliancesandflues.ThefollowingparagraphsgivebuildersandlayreadersanoutlineofsomeofthemainrequirementsoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations,butforfurtherinformationreferenceshouldbemadetotheHealthandSafetyCommission’sApprovedCodeofPractice(seebelow)orBuildingControlBodies.
3.2 TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationsrequirethat(a)gasfittings,appliancesandgasstoragevesselsmustbeinstalledonlybyapersonwiththerequiredcompetenceand(b)anypersonhavingcontroltoanyextentofgasworkmustensurethatthepersoncarryingoutthatworkhastherequiredcompetenceand(c)anygasinstallationbusinesses,whetheranemployerorself-employed,mustbeamemberofaclassofpersonsapprovedbytheHSE;forthetimebeingthismeanstheymustberegisteredwithGasSafeRegister.
3.3 GuidanceontheindividualcompetencyrequiredforgasworkisavailablefromtheSectorSkillsCouncilEnergyandUtility(EU)Skills[http://www.euskills.co.uk/gas].Personsdeemedcompetenttocarryoutgasworkarethosewhoholdacurrentcertificateofcompetenceinthetypeofactivitytobeconducted.AssessmentofcompetencemaybethroughtheS/NVqqualilificationunderanationallyaccreditedcertificationschemeorundertheApprovedCodeofPracticearrangements.
3.4 TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationscontrolallaspectsofthewayscombustionsystemsfiredbygas(includingnaturalgasandLPG)areinstalled,maintainedandused,mainlyindomesticandcommercialpremises,andtheclassesofpersonswhomay
undertakegaswork.TheRegulationsmaybeamendedfromtimetotimeandwhicheverRegulationsarecurrentlyinforceatthetimeaninstallationiscarriedoutmustbecompliedwith.TheadvicegivenbelowreflectsthepresentstateoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationsfollowingtheamendmentsthatcameintoeffecton31October1998.
3.5 ThetextoftheRegulationsandguidanceonhowtocomplywiththemarecontainedintheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)ApprovedCodeofPractice‘Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances’.ImportantelementsoftheRegulationsincludethat:
a. anyapplianceinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedasabathorshowerroommustbeoftheroom-sealedtype;
b. agasfire,othergasspaceheaterorgaswaterheaterofmorethan14kW(gross)heat input(12.7kW(net)heatinput)mustnotbeinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedassleepingaccommodationunlesstheapplianceisroomsealed;
c. agasfire,otherspaceheaterorgaswaterheaterofupto14kW(gross)heatinput(12.7kW(net)heatinput)mustnotbeinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedassleepingaccommodationunlessitisroomsealedorequippedwithadevicedesignedtoshutdowntheappliancebeforethereisabuild-upofadangerousquantityoftheproductsofcombustionintheroomconcerned;
d. therestrictionsin(a)–(c)abovealsoapplyinrespectofanycupboardorcompartmentwithintheroomsconcerned,andtoanycupboard,compartmentorspaceadjacentto,andwithanairventinto,sucharoom;
e. instantaneouswaterheaters(installedinanyroom)mustberoomsealedorhavefittedasafetydevicetoshutdowntheapplianceasin(c)above;
f. precautionsmustbetakentoensurethatallinstallationpipework,gasfittings,appliancesandfluesareinstalledsafely.Whenanygasapplianceisinstalled,checksarerequiredforensuringcompliancewiththeRegulations,includingtheeffectivenessoftheflue,thesupplyofcombustionair,theoperatingpressureorheatinput(orwherenecessaryboth),andtheoperationoftheappliancetoensureitssafefunctioning;
g. anyfluemustbeinstalledinasafepositionandmustbeadequate,suitableandeffectiveforusewiththeappliancewhichitserves;
JSection 3: Additional provisions for gas burning appliances with a rated input up to 70kW (net)
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h. noalterationisallowedtoanypremisesinwhichagasfittingorgasstoragevesselisfittedwhichwouldadverselyaffectthesafetyofthatfittingorvessel,causingitnolongertocomplywiththeRegulations;
i. LPGstoragevesselsandLPG-firedappliancesfittedwithautomaticignitiondevicesorpilotlightsmustnotbeinstalledincellarsorbasements.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESJ WITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net)
Diagram31 Types of gas fire
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Gas fires (other than flueless gas fires)3.6 TheseappliancesfallintothemaincategoriesshowninDiagram31andthebuildingprovisionsforaccommodatingthemsafelydifferforeachtype.
3.7 Provideditcanbeshowntobesafe,gasfiresmaybeinstalledinfireplaceswhichhavefluesdesignedtoservesolidfuelappliances.Certaintypesofgasfiremayalsobeinstalledinfireplaceswhichhavefluesdesignedspecificallyforgasappliances.TheGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations1995requirethatparticularcombinationsofappliance,flue box(whererequired)andfluemustbeselectedfromthosestatedinthemanufacturer’sinstructionsashavingbeenshowntobesafebyaNotified Body.
Flueless gas appliances3.8 Flueless appliancesshouldmeettherequirements,includingrequirementJ2.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetofollowtheguidanceonventilationprovisionsforflueless appliancesbeginningatParagraph3.15.
3.9 Afluelessinstantaneouswaterheatershouldnotbeinstalledinaroomorspacehavingavolumeoflessthan5m³.
Air supply to gas fires and other appliances3.10 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,beginningatParagraph1.2,inconjunctionwiththeguidancebelow.
Flued Decorative Fuel Effect (DFE) fires3.11 AnyroomorspaceintendedtocontainaDFEfireshouldhavepermanentlyopenairventsasdescribedin(a)or(b)below,unlesstheinstallationisinaccordancewithParagraph3.12:
a. foraDFEfireinafireplace recesswithathroat,theairventequivalent areashouldbeatleast10,000mm²(100cm²)
b. foraDFEfireinafireplacewithnothroat,suchasafireunderacanopy,theairventshouldbesizedinaccordancewithSection2ofthisApprovedDocument,asiftheroomwereintendedtocontainasolidfuelfire(seeTable1).
3.12 Indwellingswithanairpermeabilitygreaterthan5.0m3/hr/m2(seeAppendixF),permanentlyopenairventsmaynotbenecessaryforDFEfireswithratingsnotexceeding7kW(net)thathaveafluegasclearancerate(withoutspilling)notexceeding70m3/hour.
Flued appliances other than decorative fuel effect fires3.13 Theseappliancesincludeinsetlivefueleffect(ILFE)fires,radiantconvectorfiresandboilers,inbothroom-sealedandopen-fluedvariants.
3.14 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram32.AnexamplecalculationillustratingtheuseofthisguidanceisgiveninAppendixC.
Air supply to flueless appliances3.15 Forsomeflueless appliances,itmaybenecessarytoprovidepermanentlyopenairventsand/ormakeprovisionforrapidventilationasrecommendedinBS5440-2:2009orequivalent,tocomplywithPartFaswellasPartJoftheBuildingRegulations.Somewaysofmeetingtherequirementwheninstallingfluelesscookers(includingovens,grillsorhotplates),fluelesswaterheatersandfluelessspaceheatersaregiveninDiagram33.
3.16 Aroomcontainingagaspointintendedforusewithaflueless appliance(suchasagaspointforacookeroragaspointforaspaceorwaterheater,thegaspointnotbeingadjacenttoaflue)shouldhavetheventilationprovisionrequiredfortheinstallationofthatappliance(calculatedonthebasisthatanappliancewiththelargestratingconsistentwiththetabletoDiagram33couldbeinstalledthere).
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net) JO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR GASO N L I N E V E R S I O NGAS BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES
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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESJ WITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net)
5. In older dwellings with an air permeability which is more than 5.0m3/h/m2 the first 7kW(net) can be ignored.
Diagram32 Free areas of permanently open air vents for gas appliance installations (other than decorative fuel effect fires or flueless appliances)
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Size of natural draught flues for open-flued appliances3.17 Wherebuilderswishtoprovide(orrefurbish)fluesforgasappliancesbutdonotintendtosupplytheappliances,awayofshowingcompliancewouldbetosizefluesinaccordancewithTable5.
3.18 IfanexistingflueistobeuseditshouldbecheckedinaccordancewithParagraph1.36.
3.19 ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,fluesshouldbesizedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.
3.20 Connectingfluepipesshouldbethesamesizeintermsofdiameterand/orequivalentcross-sectionalareaastheapplianceflue outlet.Thechimney flueshouldhaveatleastthesamecross-sectionalareaasthatoftheapplianceflue outlet.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net) J
8
Notes:1. The permanent ventilation provisions listed in this table are additional to the openable elements or (for kitchens only)
extract ventilation in accordance with Approved Document F.2. Divide the area given above in mm2 by 100 to find the corresponding area in cm2.3. An internal space here means one which communicates with several other rooms or spaces. An example would be a
hallway or landing.4. For LPG fired space heaters conforming to BS EN 449:2002+A1:2007, follow the guidance in BS 5440-2:2009.5. No permanently open vent is needed if the room or space has a door direct to outside.6. Example: for a space heater in a lounge measuring 4m x 4m x 2.4m (= 38.4m3), the appliance rated input should not
exceed 38.4 x 0.045 = 1.73kW (net).7. Example: a hallway containing a space heater with a rated input of 7kW (net) should have a permanently open vent with
equivalent area of: 10,000 + 2750 x (7 – 5.4) = 14,400mm2.8. No permanent opening required if the room has a door that opens directly to outside.
Diagram33 Ventilation for flueless gas appliances
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Table5 Size of flues for gas-fired appliances
Intended installation Minimum flue size
Radiant/Convectorgasfire Newflue:Circular 125mmdiameterRectangular 16,500mm2cross-sectionalareawitha
minimumdimensionof90mm
Existingflue:Circular 125mmdiameterRectangular 12,000mm2cross-sectionalareawitha
minimumdimensionof63mm
ILFEfireorDFEfirewithinafireplaceopeningupto500mmx550mm
DFEfireinstalledinafireplacewithanopeninginexcessof500mmx550mm
Circularorrectangular Minimumfluedimensionof175mm(1)
Calculateinaccordancewithparagraph2.7inSection2
Note:
1. SomeILFEandDFEappliancesrequireacircularflueofatleast125mmdiameter.
Height of natural draught flues for open-flued appliances3.21 Fluesshouldbehighenoughtoensuresufficientdraughttosafelycleartheproductsofcombustion.Theheightnecessaryforthiswilldependuponthetypeofappliance,thebuildingheight,thetypeofflueandthenumberofbendsinit,andacarefulassessmentoflocalwindpatterns.ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,compliancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructionswillmeettherequirements.
3.22 WhereanolderappliancethatisnotCEmarkedistobeinstalled,awayofshowingcomplianceifithasmanufacturer’sinstallation instructionswouldbe:
a. fordecorativefueleffectfires,tofollowtheguidanceinBS5871-3:20012005;or
b. forappliancesotherthandecorativefueleffectfires,tofollowthecalculationproceduresinBS5440-1:2008.
Outlets from flues3.23 Outletsfromfluesshouldbesosituatedexternallyastoallowthedispersalofproductsofcombustionand,ifabalanced flue,theintakeofair.Awayofmeetingthisrequirementwouldbetolocateflue outletsasshowninDiagram34andDiagram35.
Note:Theplumeofwetflueproductsfromcondensingboilers,positionedinaccordancewiththesafetydistancessetoutinDiagram34,cansometimesbeconsideredanuisanceforneighbouringproperties.Whilstthisnuisanceisnotconsideredtobewithinthescopeofbuildingregulations,suchinstallationscouldbeconsideredasa‘StatutoryNuisance’assetoutintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct.AssuchinstallersmaywishtoadopttheguidanceinChapter6oftheGuide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings
Care may also need to be taken to locate flue outlets away from parts of the building that may be damaged by frequent wetting.
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Diagram34 Location of outlets from flues serving gas appliances
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TabletoDiagram34 Location of outlets from flues serving gas appliances
Minimum separation distances for terminals in mm
Location Balancedflue Openflue
Naturaldraught Fanneddraught Naturaldraught Fanneddraught
A Belowanopening(1) Applianceratedheatinput(net)
300 (3) 300
0–7kW>7–14kW>14–32kW>32kW
30060015002000
B Aboveanopening(1) 0–32kW>32kW
300600
300 (3) 300
C Horizontallytoanopening(1) 0–7kW>7–14kW>14kW
300400600
300 (3) 300
D Belowgutters,soilpipesordrainpipes
300 75 (3) 75
E Beloweaves 300 200 (3) 200
F Belowbalconyorcarportroof 600 200 (3) 200
G Fromaverticaldrainpipeorsoilpipe
300 150(4) (3) 150
H Fromaninternalorexternalcornerortoaboundaryalongsidetheterminal(2)
600 300 (3) 200
I Aboveground,rooforbalconylevel
300 300 (3) 300
J Fromasurfaceoraboundaryfacingtheterminal(2)
600 600 (3) 600
K Fromaterminalfacingtheterminal
600 1200 (3) 1200
L Fromanopeninginthecarportintothebuilding
1200 1200 (3) 1200
M Verticallyfromaterminalonthesamewall
1200 1500 (3) 1500
N Horizontallyfromaterminalonthesamewall
300 300 (3) 300
P Fromastructureontheroof N/A N/A 1500mmifaridgeterminal.Foranyotherterminal,asgiveninBS5440-1:2008
N/A
q Abovethehighestpointofintersectionwiththeroof
N/A Siteinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructions
SiteinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008
150
Notes:
1. Anopeningheremeansanopenableelement,suchasanopenablewindow,orafixedopeningsuchasanairvent.However,inaddition,theoutletshouldnotbenearerthan150mm(fanneddraught)or300mm(naturaldraught)toanopeningintothebuildingfabricformedforthepurposeofaccommodatingabuilt-inelement,suchasawindowframe.
2. Boundaryasdefinedinparagraph0.4(4).Smallerseparationstotheboundarymaybeacceptableforappliancesthathavebeenshowntooperatesafelywithsuchseparationsfromsurfacesadjacenttooroppositetheflueoutlet.
3. Shouldnotbeused.
4. Thisdimensionmaybereducedto75mmforappliancesofupto5kWinput(net).
N/Ameansnotapplicable.
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3.24 Flue outletsshouldbeprotectedwherefluesareatsignificantriskofblockage.Guidanceonmeetingthisrequirementisgivenbelow.
3.25 Fluesservingnatural draughtopen-flued appliancesshouldbefittedwithoutletterminalsifthefluediameterisnogreaterthan170mm.SuitableterminalsincludethoseappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003,andconformingtoBSEN13502:2002.Theriskofblockageoffluesofmorethan170mmdiametershouldbeassessedinthelightoflocalconditions.Inareaswherenestsofsquirrelsorjackdawsarelikely,thefittingofaprotectivecagedesignedforsolidfueluseandhavingameshsizenolargerthan25mm(butnosmallerthan6mm)maybeanacceptableprovisionifthetotalfreeareaofitsoutletopeningsisatleasttwicethecross-sectionalareaoftheflue.
3.26 Aflue outletshouldbeprotectedwithaguardifpersonscouldcomeintocontactwithitorifitcouldbedamaged.Ifaflue outletisinavulnerableposition,suchaswherethefluedischargeswithinreachfromtheground,orabalcony,verandaorawindow,itshouldbedesignedtopreventtheentryofanymatterthatcouldobstructtheflowoffluegases.
Provision of flues3.27 Satisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesforgasappliancesmaybeachievedby:
a. followingtheguidanceontheselectionofcomponentsandthemanneroftheirinstallationasgiveninParagraphs3.28to3.35andthereferencestoSection1;or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype)
or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype):
b. i) usingfactory-madecomponentsthatachieveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationgiveninTable6fortheintendedappliancetypewhentestedtoanappropriateEuropeanchimneystandard(BSEN);and
ii) installingthesecomponentsinaccordancewiththeguidanceinParagraphs3.28to3.35andSection1,asrelevant,andinaccordancewiththeappliancemanufacturer’sandcomponentmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.
Table6 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new gas appliances
Appliance type Minimum designation (see notes)
Boiler:open-flued NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtCondensing
T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT140P2W1O
Boiler:room-sealed NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtCondensing
T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT140P2W1O
Gasfire–radiant/convector,ILFEorDFE
T250N2D1O
Airheater NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtSE–duct
T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT250N2D1O
Notes:
1. ThedesignationofchimneyproductsisdescribedinAppendixG.TheBSENfortheproductwillspecifyitsfulldesignationandmarkingrequirements.
2. Thesearedefaultdesignations.Wheretheappliancemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructionsspecifyahigherdesignation,thisshouldbecompliedwith.
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Diagram35 Location of outlets near roof windows from flues serving gas appliances
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Connecting fluepipe components3.28 Satisfactorycomponentsforconnectingfluepipesinclude:
a. anyoftheoptionsinParagraph1.32;or
b. sheetmetalfluepipesasdescribedinBSEN1856-2:2004;or
c. fibrecementpipesasdescribedinBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008;or
d. anyothermaterialorcomponentthathasbeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.
Masonry chimneys3.29 MasonrychimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28inSection1.
Flueblock chimneys3.30 Chimneyscanbeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemsprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel,asdescribedinParagraphs1.29and1.30inSection1.Theycanalsobeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemscomprisingstraightblocks,recessunits,lintelblocks,offsetblocks,transferblocksandjointingmaterialscomplyingwith:
a. BSEN1858-1:2003forconcreteflueblocksofatleastclassD2;or
b. BSEN1806:2006forclay/ceramicflueblockswithaperformanceclassofatleastFB4N2.
3.31 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeinstalledwithsealedjointsinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.Wherebendsoroffsetsarerequired,theseshouldbeformedusingmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Flueblockswhicharenotintendedtobebondedintosurroundingmasonryshouldbesupportedandrestrainedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.
Factory-made metal chimneys3.32 ChimneysforgasappliancesmaybeconstructedusingsystemsdescribedinParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1.Factory-made metal chimneysshouldbeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageortheburnhazardtheypresenttopeopleisnotimmediatelyapparent.
Location and shielding of flues3.33 Combustiblematerialsinthebuildingfabricshouldbeprotectedfromtheheatdissipationfromfluessothattheyarenotatriskofcatchingfire.AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinTable6.
3.34 Whereafluepipeorchimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidance.
Table7 Protecting buildings fromhot flues
Flue within Protection measures
Connectingfluepipe Fluesshouldbeatleast25mmfromanycombustiblematerial(measuredfromtheoutersurfaceofthefluewall,ortheoutersurfaceoftheinnerwallinthecaseofmulti-walledproducts).Wherepassingthroughacombustiblewall,floororroof(otherthanacompartmentwall,floororroof)thisseparationcanbeachievedbyanon-combustiblesleeveenclosingthefluepipeorchimneywitha25mmair-spacetotherelevantfluewall.(Theair-spacecouldbewhollyorpartiallyfilledwithnon-combustibleinsulatingmaterial).
Factory-madechimneyappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003
Factory-madechimneyappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003andBSEN1856-2:2004
InstallinaccordancewithParagraph1.45ofthisApprovedDocumentwithminimumseparationdistancesaccordingtofluedesignation.
Masonrychimney Provideatleast25mmofmasonrybetweenfluesandanycombustiblematerial.
Flueblockchimney Provideflueblockwallsatleast25mmthick.
3.35 Connectingfluepipesandfactory-madechimneysshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheypresentaburnhazardtopeoplethatisnotimmediatelyapparent
Relining of flues in chimneys3.36 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofrequirementsJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Existingfluesbeingre-usedshouldbecheckedasdescribedinParagraph1.36.For flue linersservinggasappliances,waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:
a. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27;
b. linersasdescribedinParagraph2.20;
c. flexiblestainlesssteellinersappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003(refertoTable6);
d. othersystemssuitableforthepurpose.
3.37 Flexiblemetalflue linersshouldbeinstalledinonecompletelengthwithoutjointswithinthechimney.Otherthanforsealingatthetopandthebottom,thespacebetweenthechimneyandthelinershouldbeleftemptyunlessthisiscontrarytothemanufacturer’sinstructions.Double-skinflexibleflue linersshouldbe installed inaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructions.BS715linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008.
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Debris collection space for chimneys3.38 Adebriscollectionspaceshouldbeprovidedatthebaseofaflueunlessitislined,orconstructedofflueblocks,orisafactory-made metal chimneywithaflue box.Thiscanbeachievedbyprovidingaspacehavingavolumeofnotlessthan12litresandadepthofatleast250mmbelowthepointwherefluegasesdischargeintothechimney.Thespaceshouldbereadilyaccessibleforclearanceofdebris,forexamplebyremovaloftheappliance.ForgasfiresofthetypeillustratedinDiagram31(a)and
(b),thereshouldbeatleast50mmclearancebetweentheendoftheapplianceflue outletandanysurface.
Bases for back boilers3.39 Provisionsforbackboilersshouldadequatelyprotectthefabricofthebuildingfromheat.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetostandbackboilersonhearthsintendedforsolidfuelappliances.Alternatively,unlessotherwisestatedintheappliancemanufacturer’sinstructions,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetostandbackboilersonbasescomplyingwithDiagram36.
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Diagram36 Bases for back boilers (installation using a proprietary back boilerenclosure shown)
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Hearths3.40 Appliancesshouldbeplacedonhearthsunless:
a. theyaretobeinstalledsothateverypartofanyflameorincandescentmaterialwillbeatleast225mmabovethefloor;or
b. themanufacturer’sinstructionsstatethatahearthisnotrequired.
3.41 Wherehearthsarerequired,guidanceontheirminimumplandimensionsisgiveninDiagrams37and38.Hearthsshouldcompriseatleasta(top)layerofnon-combustible,non-friablematerialnotlessthan12mmthick.Theedgesofhearthsshouldbemarkedtoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.
Shielding of appliances3.42 Gas-firedappliancesshouldbelocatedwhereaccidentalcontactisunlikelyandsurroundedbyanon-combustiblesurfacewhichprovidesadequateseparationfromcombustiblematerials.ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoadoptthemanufacturer’sinstructions.Analternativeapproachwouldbetoprotectcombustiblefabricwith:
a. ashieldofnon-combustible material,suchasinsulatingboard,withafire-resistantsurface;or
b. anairspaceofatleast75mm(seeDiagram39).
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESJ WITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net)
Diagram37 Hearths for decorative fuel effect (DFE) and inset live fuel effect (ILFE)fires: minimum plan dimensions of non-combustible surfaces
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Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationslistedbelowtoachieveanequivalentlevelofperformancetothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:
BS5440Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases),Part1:2008Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofflues;Part2:2009Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofventilationforgasappliances.
BS5546:2000Specificationforinstallationofhotwatersuppliesfordomesticpurposes,usinggas-firedappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kW.
BS5864:2004Specificationforinstallationindomesticpremisesofgas-firedducted-airheatersofratedinputnotexceeding60kW.
BS5871Specificationforinstallationofgasfires,convectorheaters,fire/backboilersanddecorativefueleffectgasappliances,Part1:2005Gasfires,convectorheatersandfire/backboilersandheatingstoves(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases);Part2:2005Insetlivefueleffectgasfiresofheatinputnotexceeding15kWandfire/backboilers(2ndand3rdfamilygases);Part3:2005Decorativefueleffectgasappliancesofheatinputnotexceeding20kW(2ndand3rdfamilygases).
BS6172:2004Specificationforinstallationofdomesticgascookingappliances(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases).
BS6173:2001Specificationforinstallationofgas-firedcateringappliancesforuseinalltypesofcateringestablishments(2ndand3rdfamilygases).
BS6798:2009Specificationforinstallationofgas-firedboilersofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet.
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Diagram38 Hearths for other appliances: plan dimension of non-combustible surfaces
Diagram39 Shielding of appliances
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Scope4.1 ThisguidanceisrelevanttocombustioninstallationsdesignedtoburnoilsmeetingthespecificationsforClassC2(Kerosene)andClassD(Gasoil)giveninBS2869:2006orequivalent,liquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003andblendsofmineraloilandliquidbiofuel.
Appliances fitted in bathrooms and shower rooms4.2 Open-fluedoil-firedappliancesshouldnotbeinstalledinroomssuchasbathroomsandbedroomswherethereisanincreasedriskofcarbonmonoxidepoisoning.Wherelocatingcombustion appliancesinsuchroomscannotbeavoided,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetoprovideroom-sealed appliances.
Air supply to appliances4.3 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetoadoptthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,startingatParagraph1.2,andtoprovidepermanentlyopenairventsasshowninDiagram40inroomsorspacescontainingappliances.AnexamplecalculationillustratingtheuseofthisguidanceisgiveninAppendixD.Wheremanufacturers’installation instructionsrequiregreaterareasofpermanentlyopenairventsthanthoseshowninDiagram40,themanufacturers’adviceshouldbefollowed.
Size of flues (other than balanced flues and flues designed to discharge through or adjacent to walls)4.4 Fluesshouldbesizedtosuittheintendedappliancesuchthattheyensureadequatedischargevelocitytopreventflowreversalproblemsbutdonotimposeexcessiveflowresistances.Awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetouse:
a. connectingfluepipesofthesamesizeastheapplianceflue outlet;and
b. fluesinchimneysofthesamecross-sectionalareaastheapplianceflue outlet.
Whenconstructingmasonryorflueblock chimneys,awayofdoingthiswouldbeto:
i. makethefluethesamesizeastheapplianceflue outlet;or
ii. makethefluelargerandofasizethatwouldallowthelaterinsertionofasuitableflexibleflue linermatchingtheappliancetobeinstalled.
4.5 Largerfluesmayneedtobeprovidedwhereappliancemanufacturers’installation instructionsdemandthis.
Outlets from flues and flue heights4.6 Theoutletfromaflueshouldbesosituatedexternallyastoensure:thecorrectoperationofanatural draughtflue;theintakeofairifabalanced flue;anddispersaloftheproductsofcombustion.
4.7 AwayofmeetingtherequirementcouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram41.TheseparationsgivenintheTabletoDiagram41areminimumvaluesthatmayhavetobeincreasedwherethereisariskthatlocalfactorssuchaswindpatternscoulddisrupttheoperationoftheflueorwhereanatural draught fluewouldnotbetallenoughtocleartheproductsofcombustionofanopen-flued appliance.ForfluesinproximitytoroofwindowstheminimumseparationdistancesidentifiedinDiagram35shouldbeapplied.
Note:Theplumeofwetflueproductsfromcondensingboilers,positionedinaccordancewiththesafetydistancessetoutinDiagram41,cansometimesbeconsideredanuisanceforneighbouringproperties.Whilstthisnuisanceisnotconsideredtobewithinthescopeofbuildingregulations,suchinstallationscouldbeconsideredasa‘StatutoryNuisance’assetoutintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct.Assuch,installersmaywishtoadopttheguidanceinChapter6oftheGuide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings.
Care may also need to be taken to locate flue outlets away from parts of the building that may be damaged by frequent wetting.
4.8 Flue outletsshouldbeprotectedwithterminalguardsifpersonscouldcomeintocontactwiththemoriftheycouldbedamaged.Ifaflue outletisinavulnerableposition,suchaswherethefluedischargesatapointwithinreachoftheground,balcony,verandaorawindow,itshouldbedesignedtopreventtheentryofanymatterthatcouldobstructtheflow.
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Section 4: Additional provisions for oil burning appliances with a rated output up to 45kW
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5. In older dwellings with an air permeability which is more than 5.0m3/hr/m2 the first 5kW(net) can be ignored.
Notes:
-
Diagram40 Free areas of permanently open air vents for oil-firedappliance installations
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TabletoDiagram41 Location of outlets from flues serving oil-fired appliances
Minimum separation distances for terminals in mm
Locationofoutlet(1) Appliancewithpressurejetburner
Appliancewithvaporisingburner
A Belowanopening(2,3) 600 Shouldnotbeused
B Horizontallytoanopening(2,3) 600 Shouldnotbeused
C Belowaplastic/paintedgutter,drainagepipeoreavesifcombustiblematerialprotected(4)
75 Shouldnotbeused
D Belowabalconyoraplastic/paintedgutter,drainagepipeoreaveswithoutprotectiontocombustiblematerial
600 Shouldnotbeused
E Fromverticalsanitarypipework 300 Shouldnotbeused
F Fromanexternalorinternalcornerorfromasurfaceorboundaryalongsidetheterminal
300 Shouldnotbeused
G Abovegroundorbalconylevel 300 Shouldnotbeused
H Fromasurfaceorboundaryfacingtheterminal 600 Shouldnotbeused
J Fromaterminalfacingtheterminal 1200 Shouldnotbeused
K Verticallyfromaterminalonthesamewall 1500 Shouldnotbeused
L Horizontallyfromaterminalonthesamewall 750 Shouldnotbeused
M Abovethehighestpointofanintersectionwiththeroof 600(6) 1000(5)
N Fromaverticalstructuretothesideoftheterminal 750(6) 2300
O Aboveaverticalstructurewhichislessthan750mm(pressurejetburner)or2300mm(vaporisingburner)horizontallyfromthesideoftheterminal
600(6) 1000(5)
P Fromaridgeterminaltoaverticalstructureontheroof 1500 Shouldnotbeused
Notes:
1. TerminalsshouldonlybepositionedonwallswhereapplianceshavebeenapprovedforsuchconfigurationswhentestedinaccordancewithBSEN303-1:1999orOFTECstandardsOFSA100orOFSA101.
2. Anopeningmeansanopenableelement,suchasanopenablewindow,orapermanentopeningsuchasapermanentlyopenairvent.
3. Notwithstandingthedimensionsabove,aterminalshouldbeatleast300mmfromcombustiblematerial,e.g.awindowframe.
4. Awayofprovidingprotectionofcombustiblematerialwouldbetofitaheatshieldatleast750mmwide.
5. Whereaterminalisusedwithavaporisingburner,theterminalshouldbeatleast2300mmhorizontallyfromtheroof.
6. OutletsforverticalbalancedfluesinlocationsM,NandOshouldbeinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructions.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCES WITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kW
Diagram41 Location of outlets from flues serving oil-fired appliances
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Flues for oil-fired appliances: flue gas temperature4.9 SatisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesdependsuponthefluegastemperaturetobeexpectedinnormalserviceandseparateguidanceisgiveninthisApprovedDocumentaccordingtowhethertheproposedinstallationwillhaveafluegastemperaturemorethanorlessthan250°CasmeasuredbyasuitablemethodsuchasthoseinOFTECStandardsA100orA101.SuitablechimneysystemsmaythenbeselectedbasedontheirperformancedesignationhavingbeentestedinaccordancewiththerelevantEuropeanstandard.
4.10 Fluegastemperaturesdependuponappliancetypesandtheageoftheirdesign.ModernboilersbearingtheCEmark,indicatingcompliancewiththeBoiler (Efficiency) Regulations (1993),normallyhavefluegastemperaturesnotexceeding250°C.Condensingoil-firedapplianceswillnormallyproducefluegastemperatureswellbelow100°C.Informationforindividualappliancesshouldbesoughtfromthemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions,fromthemanufacturersthemselvesorfromOFTEC.Wherethisisnotavailable,fluesshouldbeconstructedforanassumedfluegastemperaturegreaterthan250°C.
Provisions for flue gas temperatures in excess of 250°C4.11 AwayofmakingsatisfactoryprovisionforoilappliancesinthesecaseswouldbetofollowtheguidancegiveninSections1and2forconnectingfluepipesandmasonryorflueblock chimneysortoprovideafactory-made metal chimneyinaccordancewithParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1(butnotParagraph1.42(b)).However,otherproductsmaybeacceptableiftheyhavebeencertifiedforthispurpose.
Provisions for flue gas temperatures not exceeding 250°C4.12 Satisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesforoilappliancesinthesecasesmaybeachievedby:
a. followingtheguidanceontheselectionofcomponentsandthemanneroftheirinstallationasgiveninParagraphs4.13to4.20andthereferencestoSection1or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype);
b. i) usingfactory-madecomponentsthatachieveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationgiveninTable8(fortheintendedappliancetype)whentestedtoanappropriateEuropeanchimneystandard(BSEN);and
ii) installingthesecomponentsinaccordancewiththeguidanceinParagraphs4.13to4.20andSection1,asrelevant,andinaccordancewiththeappliancemanufacturer’sandcomponentmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.
Table8 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new oil-fired appliances with flue gas temperature less than 250ºC
Appliance type Minimum designation
Fuel type
Condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners
T120N2W1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)LiquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003
Condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners
T160N2W2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)
Non-condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners
T250N2D1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)LiquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003
Non-condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners
T250N2D2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)
Cookerandroomheater–withvaporisingburner
T160N2D1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)
Cookerandroomheater–withvaporisingburner
T250N2D2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)
Notes:
1. ThedesignationofchimneyproductsisdescribedinAppendixG.TheBSENfortheproductwillspecifyitsfulldesignationandmarkingrequirements.
2. Thesearedefaultdesignations.Wheretheappliancemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructionsspecifyahigherdesignation,thisshouldbecompliedwith.
3. Refertotheappliancemanufacturerregardingthesuitabilityoftheapplianceandfluesystemforusewithoil/bio-liquidblends.
Connecting fluepipe components4.13 Connectingfluepipescanbeconstructedusingthefollowingcomponents:
a. anyoftheoptionslistedinParagraph1.32;or
b. sheetmetalfluepipesasdescribedinBSEN1856-2:2004;or
c. fibrecementpipesasdescribedinBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008;or
d. anyothercomponentthathasbeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.
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Masonry chimneys4.14 MasonrychimneyscanbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28inSection1.
Flueblock chimneys4.15 Chimneyscanbeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemsprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel,asdescribedinParagraphs1.29and1.30inSection1.Theycanalsobeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemscomprisingstraightblocks,recessunits,lintelblocks,offsetblocks,transferblocksandjointingmaterialscomplyingwith:
a. BSEN1858:2003forconcreteflueblocks;or
b. BSEN1806:2006forclay/ceramicflueblocks,withaperformanceatleastequaltothedesignationgiveninTable8fortheintendedappliancetype.
4.16 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeinstalledwithsealedjointsinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.Wherebendsoroffsetsarerequired,theseshouldbeformedusingmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Flueblockswhicharenotintendedtobebondedintosurroundingmasonryshouldbesupportedandrestrainedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’s installation instructions.
Factory-made metal chimneys4.17 Chimneysforoil-firedappliancescanbeconstructedusingthesystemsdescribedinParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1.
Location and shielding of flues4.18 Awayofprotectingthebuildingfabricfromtheheatdissipationfromflues,wherefluegastemperaturesarenotexpectedtoexceed250°C,wouldbetofollowtheguidanceinTable9.
4.19 Whereafluepipeorchimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidance.
4.20 Fluepipesandfactory-madechimneysshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheypresentahazardtopeoplethatisnotimmediatelyapparentsuchaswhentheytraverseintermediatefloorsoutofsightoftheappliance.
Table9 Protecting buildings from hot flues for flue gas temperatures not more than 250ºC
Flue within: Protection measures
Connectingfluepipe
Factory-madechimneydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003
Fluesshouldbeatleast25mmfromanycombustiblematerial(measuredfromtheoutersurfaceofthefluewall,ortheoutersurfaceoftheinnerwallinthecaseofmulti-walledproducts).Wherepassingthroughacombustiblewall,floororroof(otherthanacompartmentwallfloororroof)thisseparationcanbeachievedbyanon-combustiblesleeveenclosingthefluepipeorchimneywitha25mmair-spacetotherelevantfluewall.(Theair-spacecouldbewhollyorpartiallyfilledwithnon-combustibleinsulatingmaterial.)
Factory-madechimneydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003andBSEN1856-2:2004
InstallinaccordancewithParagraph1.45ofthisApprovedDocumentwithminimumseparationdistancesaccordingtofluedesignation.
Masonrychimney Provideatleast25mmofmasonrybetweenfluesandanycombustiblematerial.
Flueblockchimney Provideflueblockwallsatleast25mmthick.
Flueassembliesforroom-sealedappliances
a) fluespassingthroughcombustiblewallsshouldbesurroundedbyinsulatingmaterialatleast50mmthick.
b) provideaclearanceofatleast50mmfromtheedgeoftheflueoutlettoanycombustiblewallcladding.
Relining of flues in chimneys4.21 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofrequirementsJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Forflue linersservingoilappliances,waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:
a. liningssuitableforuseifthefluegastemperaturecanbeexpectedtoexceed250°Csuchas:
i. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27;
ii. linersasdescribedinParagraph2.20;
iii. flexiblestainlesssteellinersdesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1858:2008;
iv. othersystemswhichhavebeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCES WITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR OILO N L I N E V E R S I O NOIL BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES
OUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N45kW
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b. liningssuitableforuseifthefluegastemperatureisunlikelytoexceed250°Csuchas:
i. anyoftheliningsdescribedin(a)above;
ii. othersystemswhichhavebeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose;
iii. (iftheapplianceisnewandofknowntype)flueliningsystemsthathaveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignation giveninTable8fortheintendedappliancetype.
4.22 Flexiblemetalflue linersshouldbeinstalledinonecompletelengthwithoutjointswithinthechimney.Otherthanforsealingatthetopandthebottom,thespacebetweenthechimneyandthelinershouldbeleftemptyunlessthisiscontrarytothemanufacturer’sinstructions.Double-skinflexibleflue linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.LinersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewithBSEN15827-1:2007.
Flues for appliances burning Class D oil4.23 FlueswhichmaybeexpectedtoserveappliancesburningClassDoilshouldbemadeofmaterialswhichareresistanttoacidsofsulphur,i.e.minimumfluedesignation‘D2’fornon-condensingappliancesor‘W2’forcondensingappliances,accordingtothedesignationsysteminBSEN1443:2003andrelatedfluestandards.
Hearths for oil-fired appliances4.24 Hearthsareneededtopreventthebuildingcatchingfireand,whilstitisnotahealthandsafetyprovision,itiscustomarytotopthemwithatrayforcollectingspilledfuel.
4.25 Iftheoperationofanapplianceisunlikelytocausethetemperatureofthefloorbelowittoexceed100°C,asshownusinganappropriatetestproceduresuchasthoseinOFTEC StandardsA 100 and A 101,specialmeasuresmaybeunnecessarybeyondtheprovisionofarigid,imperforate,andnon-absorbentsheetofnon-combustible materialsuchasasteeltray.Thismaybeprovidedasanintegralpartoftheappliance.
4.26 Iftheappliancecouldcausethetemperatureofthefloorbelowittoexceed100°C,amoresubstantialhearthisrequired.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoprovideahearthofsolidnon-combustible materialatleast125mmthick(whichmayincludethethicknessofanynon-combustiblefloor)withplandimensionsnotlessthanthoseshowninDiagram24inSection2.Itshouldhavenocombustiblematerialbelowitunlessthereisanair-spaceofatleast50mmbetweenthematerialandtheundersideofthehearth,orthereisadistanceofatleast250mm
betweenthematerialandthetopofthehearth(seeDiagram25inSection2).
4.27 Toprovidearegionaroundtheappliancewhichisfreeofanycombustiblematerial,theapplianceshouldnotbeplacedclosertotheedgesofthehearthnorclosertoanycombustiblematerialwhichislaidoverthehearththanthedistancesshowninDiagram42.Theperimeterofthissaferegionshouldbemarkedtoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.
Shielding of oil-fired appliances4.28 Combustiblematerialsadjacenttooil-firedappliancesmayneedprotectionfromtheeffectsofheat.Specialmeasuresmaybeunnecessaryifthematerialswillnotbesubjectedtotemperaturesinexcessof100°C,butotherwiseawayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoprotectcombustiblefabricwith:
a. ashieldofnon-combustible material,suchasinsulatingboardwithfire-resistantsurface;or
b. anair-spaceofatleast75mm(seeDiagram39inSection3).
4.29 Applianceshavingsurfacetemperaturesduringnormaloperationofnomorethan100°Cwouldnotnormallyrequireshielding.
Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationlistedbelowtoachieveanequivalentlevelofperformancetothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:BS5410-1:1997Code of practice for oil firing.Installations up to 45kW output capacity for space heating and hot water supply purposes.
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kW JO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR OILO N L I N E V E R S I O NOIL BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES
OUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N45kW
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Diagram42 Location of an oil-fired appliance in relation to its hearth.Minimum dimensions of the heat-resistant material in the hearth and the clear zone of non-combustible surface
ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCES WITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR OILO N L I N E V E R S I O NOIL BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES
OUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N45kW
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Section 5: Provisions for liquid fuel storage and supply
J
Performance5.1 IntheSecretaryofState’sviewrequirementsJ6andJ7willbemetif:
a. oilandLPGfuelstorageinstallationsincludingthepipeworkconnectingthemtothecombustion appliancesinthebuildingstheyservearelocatedandconstructedsothattheyarereasonablyprotectedfromfireswhichmayoccurinbuildingsorbeyondboundaries;
b. oilstoragetanks,theirancillaryequipmentandthepipeworkconnectingthemtocombustion appliancesinbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyforprivatedwellings:
i. arereasonablyresistanttophysicaldamageandcorrosionandaredesignedandinstalledsoastominimisetheriskofoilescapingduringthefillingormaintenanceofthetank;and
ii. incorporatesecondarycontainmentwhenthereisasignificantriskofpollution;and
iii. arelabelledwithinformationonhowtorespondtoaleak.
Heating oil storage installations5.2 GuidanceisgiveninthisApprovedDocumentonwaysofmeetingrequirementsJ6andJ7whenproposingtoconstructoilstoragesystemswithabove-groundorsemi-buriedtanksof3500litrescapacityorless,usedexclusivelyforheatingoil.HeatingoilscompriseClassC2oil(kerosene)orClassDoil(gasoil)asspecifiedinBS2869:1998,liquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003andblendsofmineraloilandliquidbiofuel.AwayofmeetingrequirementsJ6andJ7forsuchinstallationswouldbetofollowtherelevantrecommendationsinBS5410-1:1997,whilstalsoadoptingtheguidanceinparagraphs5.4to5.12.
5.3 RequirementJ7doesnotapplytooilstoragesystemswherethecapacityofthetankexceeds3500litres,orwherethetankisfullyburiedorwherethebuildingservedisnotwhollyormainlyusedasoneormoreprivatedwellings.However,requirementJ6appliestooilstoragesystemsservingbuildingsofalldescriptions,wherethecapacityofthetankexceeds90litres,withnouppercapacitylimitonapplication,andincludingcaseswherethetankisburied.Fortankswithcapacitiesinexcessof3500litres,adviceonwaysofcomplyingwithrequirementsJ6andanyotherfireprecautionslegislationmaybesoughtfromtheFireAuthority.InEnglandtanksservingbuildingswhicharenotwhollyor
mainlyusedasprivatedwellingsarelikelytobesubjecttotheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations2001(seeparagraph5.7).
Protective measures against fire5.4 AwayofachievingcompliancewithrequirementJ6wouldbetoadopttheguidancegiveninTable10,whichalsooffersadviceonreducingtheriskoffuelstoragesystemfiresignitingbuildingsandtomakeprovisionagainsttheinstallationbecomingovergrown.Thiscanbeachievedwithahardsurfacebeneaththetanksuchasconcrete,orpavingslabsatleast42mmthick,extendingoutatleast300mmbeyondtheperimeterofthetank(oritsexternalskinifitisoftheintegrallybundedtype).
Table10 Fire protection for oilstorage tanks
Location of tank Protection usually satisfactory
Withinabuilding Locatetanksinaplaceofspecialfirehazardwhichshouldbedirectlyventilatedtooutside.WithoutprejudicetotheneedforcompliancewithalltherequirementsinSchedule1,theneedtocomplywithPartBshouldparticularlybetakenintoaccount.
Lessthan1800mmfromanypartofabuilding
a) Makebuildingwallsimperforate(1)within1800mmoftankswithatleast30minutesfireresistance(2)tointernalfireandconstructeaves.
b) Provideafirewall(3)betweenthetankandanypartofthebuildingwithin1800mmofthetankandconstructeavesasin(a)above.Thefirewallshouldextendatleast300mmhigherandwiderthantheaffectedpartsofthetank.
Lessthan760mmfromaboundary
Provideafirewallbetweenthetankandtheboundaryoraboundarywallhavingatleast30minutesfireresistancetofireoneitherside.Thefirewallortheboundarywallshouldextendatleast300mmhigherandwiderthanthetopandsidesofthetank.
Atleast1800mmfromthebuildingandatleast760mmfromaboundary
Nofurtherprovisionsnecessary.
Notes:
1. Excludingsmallopeningssuchasairbricksetc.
2. Fireresistanceintermsofinsulation,integrityandstabilityasdeterminedbytestingtotherelevantpartsofBS476orBSEN1363orBSEN1364.
3. Firewallsareimperforatenon-combustiblewallsorscreens,suchasmasonrywallsorfire-ratedcompositepanelscreens.
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5.5 Fire wallsshouldbebuilttobestablesoasnottoposeadangertopeoplearoundthem.AwayofachievingthiswhenconstructingmasonrywallswouldbetofollowtheguidanceonwallthicknessinrelationtoheightgiveninYour garden walls: Better to be safe than sorry(See’OtherPublicationsreferredto’).
Oil supply pipe systems: means of automatic isolation5.6 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoinstallfuelpipeworkwhichisresistanttotheeffectsoffireandtofitaproprietaryfirevalvesysteminaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsinBS5410-1:1997,Sections8.2and8.3.
Provisions where there is a risk of oil pollution5.7 TheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations2001(SI2001/2954)cameintoforceon1March2002.TheyapplytoawiderangeofoilstorageinstallationsinEngland,buttheydonotapplytothestorageofoilonanypremisesusedwhollyormainlyasoneormoreprivatedwellings,ifthecapacityofthetankis3500litresorless.Adviceontheconstructionofabove-groundoilstoragetanksthatmaybesubjecttotheseRegulationsiscontainedin Above Ground Oil Storage Tanks: PPG2 (2004).
Note: Belowgroundoilstorageisnotrecommendedwhereotheroptionsareavailableasundergroundtanksaredifficulttoinspectandleaksmaynotbeimmediatelyobvious.Someguidanceandfurthersourcesofreferencearecontainedininstallation, decommissioning and removal of underground storage tanks: PPG27(2002).
5.8 RequirementJ6appliestooilstoragetanksof3500litresorlessservingcombustion appliancesinbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyasprivatedwellings.Insuchcases,secondarycontainmentshouldbeprovidedwherethereisasignificantriskofoilpollution.ForthepurposesofrequirementJ6,thereisasignificantriskofpollutioniftheoilstorageinstallation:
a. hasatotalcapacityofmorethan2500litres;or
b. islocatedwithin10mofinlandfreshwatersorcoastalwaters;or
c. islocatedwherespillagecouldrunintoanopendrainortoaloose-fittingmanholecover;or
d. islocatedwithin50mofsourcesofpotablewater,suchaswells,bore-holesorsprings;or
e. islocatedwhereoilspilledfromtheinstallationcouldreachthewaterslistedabovebyrunningacrosshardground;or
f. islocatedwheretankventpipeoutletscannotbeseenfromtheintendedfillingpoint.
g. islocatedwithinZone1(innerprotectionzone)ofanEnvironmentAgencyGroundwaterSourceProtectionZone(SPZ).
Note:ThelocationofSPZsisshownontheEnvironmentAgency›sGroundwaterSourcesmapavailableonlineatwww.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/library/maps.
5.9 Inlandfreshwatersincludestreams,rivers,reservoirsandlakes,aswellasditchesandgrounddrainage(includingperforateddrainagepipes)thatfeedintothem.
5.10 Whensecondarycontainmentisconsiderednecessary,awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbeto:
a. provideanintegrallybundedprefabricatedtank;or
b. constructabundfrommasonryorconcreteinaccordancewiththegeneralguidanceinAboveGroundOilStorageTanks:PPG2(2004)andthespecificadviceinMasonryBundsforOilStorageTanksorConcreteBundsforOilStorageTanks,asappropriate.However:
c. wherethebundwallsarepartofthewallsofachamberorbuildingenclosingthetank,anydoorthroughsuchwallsshouldbeabovebundlevel;and
d. specialistadviceshouldbesoughtwherethebundhasastructuralroleaspartofabuilding.
5.11 Bunds,whetherpartofprefabricatedtanksystemsorconstructedonsite,shouldhaveacapacityofatleast110percentofthelargesttanktheycontain.Integrallybundedoiltanksthatcomplywiththefollowingstandardswillmeetthisprovision:
i. OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–PolyethyleneOilStorageTanksforDistillateFuels(2008);
ii. OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–SteelOilStorageTanksandTankBundsforusewithDistillateFuels,LubricationOilsandWasteOils(2008).
5.12 AnoilstorageinstallationshouldcarryalabelinaprominentpositiongivingadviceonwhattodoifanoilspilloccursandthetelephonenumberoftheEnvironmentAgency’sEmergencyHotline(seeAppendixF).
LPG storage installations5.13 LPGinstallationsarecontrolledbylegislationenforcedbytheHSEortheiragents.FactorswhichdeterminetheamountofbuildingworknecessaryforaLPGstorageinstallationtocomplyincludeitscapacity,whethertanksareinstalledaboveorbelowgroundandthenatureofthepremisestheyserve.AstorageinstallationmaybeshowntocomplywiththelegislationbyconstructingitinaccordancewithanappropriateindustryCodeofPractice,preparedin
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consultationwiththeHSE.However,foraninstallationofupto1.1tonnecapacity,whosetankstandsintheopenair,followingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocumentandtherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentB,willnormallyensurethatnofurtherbuildingworkisneededtocomplywithotherlegislation.
Tank location and protective measures5.14 ForLPGstoragesystemsofupto1.1tonnecapacity,comprisingonetankstandingintheopenair,awayofmeetingtherequirementJ6wouldbetocomplywiththerelevantrecommendationsintheUKLPGCode Of Practice 1: Bulk LPG Storage at Fixed Installations Part 1 (2009)andBS5482-1:2005(seeAppendixFand‘OtherPublicationsreferredto’)whilstalsoadoptingthefollowingguidance:
5.15 TheLPGtankshouldbeinstalledoutdoorsandnotwithinanopenpit.Thetankshouldbeadequatelyseparatedfrombuildings,theboundaryandanyfixedsourcesofignitiontoenablesafedispersalintheeventofventingorleaksandintheeventoffiretoreducetheriskoffirespreading.AwayofmeetingtherequirementsinnormalsituationswouldbetoadopttheseparationdistancesinTable11andDiagram43,whichalsooffersadviceonreducingtheriskofLPGstoragefiresignitingthebuilding.Drains,gulliesandcellarhatcheswithintheseparationdistancesshouldbeprotectedfromgasentry.
5.16 Fire wallsmaybefree-standingwallsbuiltbetweenthetankandthebuilding,boundaryandfixedsourceofignition(seeDiagram43(b))orapartofthebuildingoraboundarywallbelongingtotheproperty.Wherea fire wallispartofthebuildingoraboundarywall,itshouldbelocatedinaccordancewithDiagram43(c)and,ifpartofthebuilding,constructedinaccordancewithDiagram43(d).
5.17 Suitablefire wallswouldbeimperforateandofsolidmasonry,concreteorsimilarconstruction.Theyshouldhaveafire resistance(insulation,integrityandstability(REI))ofatleast30minutesbut,ifpartofthebuildingasshowninDiagram43(d),theyshouldhaveafire resistance(REI)ofatleast60minutes.Toensuregoodventilation,fire wallsshouldnotnormallybebuiltonmorethanonesideofatank.
Table11 Fire protection for LPG storage tanks (see Diagram 43)
Minimum separation distances from buildings, boundaries or fixed sources of ignition (metres)
(A) Capacity of tank not exceeding (tonnes):
(B) To a tank with no fire wall or to a tank around a fire wall
(C) To a tank shielded by a fire wall
0.25 2.5 0.3
1.1 3 1.5
5.18 Afire wallshouldbeatleastashighasthepressurereliefvalve.ItshouldextendhorizontallysuchthattheseparationspecifiedinTable11(ColumnB)ismaintained:
a. whenmeasuredaroundtheendsofthefire wallasshowninDiagram43(b);or
b. whenmeasuredtotheendsofthefire wallasshowninDiagram43(c),ifthefire wallistheboundaryorpartofthebuilding.
Location and support of cylinders5.19 WhereanLPGstorageinstallationconsistsofasetofcylinders,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowtheprovisionsbelowandasshowninDiagram44.
5.20 Provisionsshouldenablecylinderstostandupright,securedbystrapsorchainsagainstawalloutsidethebuildinginawell-ventilatedpositionatgroundlevel,wheretheyarereadilyaccessible,reasonablyprotectedfromphysicaldamageandwheretheydonotobstructexitroutesfromthebuilding.Satisfactorybuildingworkprovisionswouldbetoprovideafirmlevelbasesuchasconcreteatleast50mmthickorpavingslabsbeddedonmortaratalocationsothatcylindervalveswillbe:
a. atleast1mhorizontallyand300mmverticallyfromopeningsinthebuildingorheatsourcessuchasflueterminalsandtumble-dryervents;and
b. atleast2mhorizontallyfromdrainswithouttraps,unsealedgulliesorcellarhatchesunlessaninterveningwallnotlessthan250mmhighisprovided.
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Table 11Column (B)
Table 11Column (B)
Table 11Column (C)
Table 11Column (C)
Table 11Column (C)
Table 11 Column (B)(See Diagram (c) above)
Diagram43 Separation or shielding of liquefied petroleum gas tanks of up to 1.1 tonne capacity from buildings, boundaries and fixed sources of ignition
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LPG pipework (Informative)5.21 ForthepuposesoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations1998(GSIUR),wheretheLPGservicepipeworkrunsundergroundfromtheLPGtanktothepremisesitshouldbemanufacturedofnon-corrodingmaterial.Pipeenteringthebuildingshouldbemanufacturedfrommetallicmaterialandthetransitionjointsbetweenthenon-metallicandmetallicpipeshouldbelocatedoutdoors.Thepipeshouldenterthebuildingabovegroundandbesleeved.Thesleeveshouldbecontinuousthroughtheexternalwallandbesealedattheinnerwalltoensurethatanyescapesofgasareventedtotheoutsideonly.FurtherguidanceisavailableinUKLPGCodeofPractice22andInstitutionofGasEngineersandManagersstandardIG/TD/4.
5.22 InrespectofinstallationpipeworksubjecttotheprovisionsoftheGSIUR,Regulation19(6)oftheGSIURrequiresthatinstallationpipeworkshouldnotbeinstalledinanyshaft,ductorvoidwhichisnotadequatelyventilated.ThisisalsoapplicabletoLPGpipeworkinbuildingsnotsubjecttoGSIUR.GuidanceontheventilationofpipeinductscanbefoundinBS8131:1997CodeofPracticeforaccommodationofbuildingservicesinducts.
Diagram44 Location of LPG cylinders
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ExAMPLES: SEE PARAGRAPH 1.55Hearth, fireplace, flues and chimneys
Thechecklistcanhelpyoutoensurehearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneysaresatisfactory.Ifyouhavebeendirectlyengaged,copiesshouldalsobeofferedtotheclientandtotheBuildingControlBodytoshowwhatyouhavedonetocomplywiththerequirementsofPartJ.Ifyouareasub-contractor,acopyshouldbeofferedtothemaincontractor.
1. Building address, where work has been carried out........................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
2. Identification of hearth, fireplace, chimney or flue. Example: Fireplace in lounge
Example: Gas fire in rear addition bedroom
Example: Small boiler room
3. Firing capability: solid fuel/gas/oil/all. All Gas only Oil only
4. Intended type of appliance.State type or make. If open fire give finished fireplace opening dimensions.
Open fire 480 W x 560 H (mm)
Radiant/convector fire 6kW input
Oil fire boiler 18kW output (pressure jet)
5. Ventilation provisions for the appliance:State type and area of permanently open air vents.
2 through wall ventilators each 10,000mm2 (100cm2)
Not fitted Vents to outside: Top 9,900mm2
Bottom 19,800mm2
6. Chimney or flue construction
a) State the type and make and whether new or existing. New. Brick with clay liners
Existing masonry S.S. prefab to BS 4543-2
b) Internal flue size (and equivalent height, wherecalculated – natural draught gas appliances only).
200mm Ø 125mm Ø (H0=3.3m) 127mm Ø
c) If clay or concrete flue liners used confirm they are correctly jointed with socket end uppermost and state joining materials used.
Sockets uppermost Jointed by fire cement
Not applicable Not applicable
d) If an existing chimney has been refurbished with a new liner, type or make of liner fitted.
Not applicable to BS 715
Flexible metal liner Not applicable
e) Details of flue outlet terminal and diagram reference.
Outlet detail: Smith Ltd Louvred pot 200mm Ø
125mm Ø GC1 terminal Maker’s recommended terminal
Compiles with: As Diagram 17, AD J As BS 5440-1:2008 As Diagram 41, AD J
f) Number and angle of bends. 2 x 45˚ 2 x 45˚ 1 x 90˚ Tee
g) Provision for cleaning and recommended frequency. Sweep annually via fireplace opening
Annual service by Gas Safe Register engineer
Sweep annually via base of Tee and via appliance
7. Hearth, form of construction. New or existing? New. Tiles on concrete floor. 125mm thick. As Diagram 25 AD J
Existing hearth for solid fuel fire, with fender.
New. Solid floorMin 125mm concrete above DPM. As Diagram 42, ADJ
8. Inspection and testing after completionTest carried out by: Test (Appendix E in AD J) and results
Flue inspection visual sweeping coring ball smoke Appliance (where included) spillage
Inspected and tested byJ Smith, Smith Building Co.
Not possible, bendsOKOKOKNot included
Tested by J Smith, GasSafe Reg no. 1234
Not possible, bendsNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableOK
Tested by J Smith, The Oil Heating Co.
Checked to Section 10,BS7566:Part 3: 1992 – OKOKOKOK
I/Wetheundersignedconfirmthattheabovedetailsarecorrect.Inmyopinion,theseworkscomplywiththerelevantrequirementsinPartJofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations.
Printnameandtitle……………………………………………………………………………………Profession………………………………………………….
Capacity…(e.g.“ProprietorofSmith’sFlues”,AuthorisingEngineerforBrownplc)…………….........................…......…Telno.…...........………
Address……………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................….Postcode…........…………
Signed……………………………………………………………………………………………..Date…………………………………………
Registeredmembershipof…(e.g.GasSafe,OFTEC,HETAS,NACE,NACS)…………………………….………………………………………………
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Appendix A: Checklist for checking and testing of hearths, fireplaces, flues and chimneys
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Blank form – This page may be copied to provide certificates for use
Hearth, fireplace, flues and chimneysThechecklistcanhelpyoutoensurethathearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneysaresatisfactory.Ifyouhavebeendirectlyengaged,copiesshouldalsobeofferedtotheclientandtotheBuildingControlBodytoshowwhatyouhavedonetocomplywiththerequirementsofPartJ.Ifyouareasub-contractor,acopyshouldbeofferedtothemaincontractor.
1. Building address, where work has been carried out…………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Identification of hearth, fireplace, chimney or flue.
3. Firing capability: solid fuel/gas/oil/all.
4. Intended type of appliance.State type or make. If open fire give finished fireplace opening dimensions.
5. Ventilation provisions for the appliance:State type and area of permanently open air vents.
6. Chimney or flue construction
a) State the type and make and whether new or existing.
b) Internal flue size (and equivalent height, wherecalculated – natural draught gas appliances only).
c) If clay or concrete flue liners used confirm they are correctly jointed with socket end uppermost and state joining materials used.
d) If an existing chimney has been refurbished with a new liner, type or make of liner fitted.
e) Details of flue outlet terminal and diagram reference.
Outlet detail:
Complies with:
f) Number and angle of bends.
g) Provision for cleaning and recommended frequency.
7. Hearth, form of construction. New or existing?
8. Inspection and testing after completionTest carried out by: Test (Appendix E in AD J) and results
Flue inspection visual sweeping coring ball smoke Appliance (where included) spillage
I/Wetheundersignedconfirmthattheabovedetailsarecorrect.Inmyopinion,theseworkscomplywiththerelevantrequirementsinPartJofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations.
Printnameandtitle……………………………………………………………………………………Profession………………………………………………….
Capacity…(e.g.“ProprietorofSmith’sFlues”,AuthorisingEngineerforBrownplc)…………….........................…......…Telno.…...........………
Address……………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................….Postcode…........…………
Signed……………………………………………………………………………………………..Date…………………………………………
Registeredmembershipof…(e.g.GasSafe,OFTEC,HETAS,NACE,NACS)…………………………….………………………………………………
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(SEE PARAGRAPH 2.7)B1 Theopeningareaofafireplaceshouldbecalculatedfromthefollowingformula:
B2 ExamplesofLandHforlargeandunusualfireplaceopeningsareshowninDiagram45.
Appendix B: Opening areas of large or unusual fireplaces
Diagram45 Large or unusual fireplace openings. (Note: for use with this Appendix,measure L, H and W in mm)
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(SEE DIAGRAM 32)C1 Anopen-fluedboilerwitharatedinputof15kW(net)isinstalledinanappliance compartmentsuchasaboilerroom,whichisventilateddirectlytotheoutside.Thedesignoftheboilerissuchthatitrequirescoolingairinthesecircumstances.
C2 ThecoolingairisexhaustedviaventD,whichhasanarea:
C3 VentEallowsthecoolingairtoenter,aswellasadmittingtheairneededforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflue.Ithasanarea:
C4 Theventilationareasincm²canbefoundbydividingtheresultsgivenaboveinmm²by100.
Appendix C: Example calculation of the ventilation requirements of a gas-fired appliance
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(SEE DIAGRAM 40)D1 Anopen-flued applianceisinstalledinanappliance compartmentsuchasacupboard,whichisventilatedviaanadjoiningroom.Theairpermeabilityofthedwellingis6.0m3/(h.m2)at50Pa.Theappliancehasaratedoutputof11kW,i.e.6kWmorethantheratingatwhichpermanentventilationopeningsbecomenecessaryfortheadjoiningroom.
D2 Airforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflueenterstheadjoiningroompartiallythroughinfiltration,withthebalanceenteringviaventA,whoseareaiscalculatedasfollows:
D3 Thecoolingairfortheappliance compartmentisexhaustedthroughventB,whichhasanarea:
D4 Alloftheairforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflueaswellascoolingairenterstheappliance compartmentthroughventC,whichhasanarea:
D5 Theventilationareasincm²canbefoundbydividingtheresultsgivenaboveinmm²by100.
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Appendix D: Example calculation of the ventilation requirements of an oil-fired appliance
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(SEE PARAGRAPHS 1.36 AND 1.54)E1 ThisAppendixdescribeswaysofcheckingthecompliancewithJ2ofexisting,relinedornewflues,and(whereincludedinthework)thecombustion appliance.Itappliesonlytonatural draughtfluesintendedforopen-flued appliances.Theproceduresdescribedareusedonlytoassesswhethertheflueinthechimney,theconnectingfluepipe(andfluegaspassagesintheappliance)arefreeofobstructionandacceptablygas-tight.Inaddition,applianceperformancetests,includingfluespillageteststocheckforcompliancewithJ2,shouldbecarriedoutwhenanapplianceiscommissionedtocheckforcompliancewithPartLandasrequiredbytheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations.
E2 Testsonfluesshouldbecarriedoutatthemostappropriatetimeduringthebuildingwork.Wherepossible,forexample,smoketestsshouldbeperformedwhenthestructureofachimneyisvisibleandbeforetheapplicationoffinishessuchasplasterordryliningthatcouldobscuresightofsmokeleakageduringtesting.
Testing applicationsTests for existing flues
E3 Fluesinexistingchimneyscanbeobstructedbynests,debrisresultingfromdeteriorationofthestructure(e.g.brickwork,flueliningmaterialorpiecesofchimneypot)andbysootandtar.Fluesinexistingchimneysmayalsoleakasaresultofholesorcracksappearinginthestructureandlinings,particularlyatjoints.Thetop,exposedpartofachimneyisparticularlypronetodecay.Awayofcheckingthestateofafluepriortobringingitbackintousewouldbetodothefollowing:
a. Sweeptheflue.Thisisintendedtocleanthefluetodemonstratethatitisessentiallyfreefromobstructionsandtoenablebettervisualinspectionandtestingoftheflue.Tardepositscausedbyburningwoodmaybeespeciallyhardtodislodgeandshouldberemoved.Thedebristhatcomesdownthechimneywhensweepingshouldbeexaminedforexcessivequantitiesofliningorbrickthataresignsthatfurtherrepairsarenecessary.
b. Carryoutavisualinspectionoftheaccessiblepartstoidentify:
i. Deteriorationinthestructure,connectionsorliningswhichcouldaffecttheflue’sgas-tightnessandsafeperformancewiththeproposedcombustion appliance.Examinetheinterioroftheflueandtheexteriorofthechimneyincludingintheroof-space.Thepresenceofsmokeortarstainsontheexteriorofachimney/breastisasignofleaksthatpossiblyindicatedamage;
ii. Modificationsmadewhilstthefluewasoutofservice,suchasthefittingofaventilatorterminal,whichwouldbeincompatiblewithusingthefluewiththeintendedappliance;
iii. Correctliningandliningsizesfortheproposednewapplication.
c. Performcheckswherenecessarytodemonstratethattheflueisfreefromrestriction:avisualcheckmaybesufficientwherethefulllengthofthefluecanbeseen.Incasesofdoubt,awayofcheckingthiswouldbetocarryoutacoringballtest.
d. Checkthegas-tightnessofthefluebycarryingoutasmoketest.
New masonry and flueblock chimneysE4 Checkduringconstructionthatlinersareinstalledtherightwayup,withsocketsfacingupwardsandjointsaresealedsothatmoistureandcondensatewillbecontainedinthechimney.
E5 Fluesinnewmasonrychimneyscanbeobstructed,particularlyatbends,bydebrisleftduringconstructionorbyexcessmortarfallingintotheflueorbyjointingmaterialextrudedfrombetweenlinersandflueblocks.Thefluesshouldbecheckedtodemonstratethattheyhavebeencorrectlyconstructedandarefreeofrestrictionsandacceptablygas-tight.
Awayofcheckingtheconditionofanewfluepriortobringingitintousewouldbetodothefollowing:
a. Carryoutavisualinspectionoftheaccessiblepartstocheckthatthelining,linersorflueblocksareofthecorrectmaterialsandofsuitablesizefortheproposedapplication.
b. Performcheckswherenecessarytodemonstratethattheflueisfreefromrestriction:avisualcheckmaybesufficientwherethefulllengthofthefluecanbeseen.Incasesofdoubt,awayofcheckingthiswouldbetocarryoutacoringballtestortosweeptheflue,whichmaybemoreeffectiveatremovingflexibledebristhatmightnotbedislodgedbyacoringball.
c. Checktheoperationandgas-tightnessofthefluebycarryingoutasmoketest.
New factory-made metal chimneysE6 Achecklistforthevisualinspectionofanewlycompletedfactory-made metal chimneyisgiveninBSEN15287-1:2007andadditionalchecksorparticularvariantsmaybeincludedinmanufacturers’installation instructions.Followinginspection,thechimneyshouldbesubjectedtoasmoketest.
JAppendix E: Methods of checking compliance with requirement J2
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Relined fluesE7 Afluewhichhasbeenrelinedmaybecheckedtoshowthatitisfreefromrestrictions,suchasfromsurplusmaterial(wherethatcanoccur)andthatitisacceptablygas-tightbyusingthesametestsaswouldbeappliedinthecaseofanewlybuiltflue.However,afluewhichhasbeenrelinedwithaflexiblemetallinerinaccordancewithParagraph3.36ofthisApprovedDocumentmaybeassumedtobeunobstructedandacceptablygas-tight.(Theuseofacoringballorinappropriatesweepsbrushescanseriouslydamageaflexiblemetalflue liner.)
AppliancesE8 Whereacombustion applianceisprovidedandconnecteduptothefluesystemaspartofthework,thecompletesystemofapplianceandflueshouldbetestedforgas-tightnessinadditiontotestingtheflueseparatelyasabove.Forgasappliances,anappropriatespillagetestprocedureisgiveninBS5440-1:2008.Foroil-andsolid-fuelfiredappliances,suitabletestproceduresaregiveninBS5410-1:1997andBSEN15287-1:2007AnnexOrespectively.
Flue test proceduresCoring ball test
E9 Thistestmaybeappropriateforprovingtheminimumdiameterofcircularflues.Itmayalsobeusedtocheckforobstructionsinsquarefluesbutwillnotdetectobstructionsinthecorners.(Apurpose-madecoringballorplatemayneedtobeusediftheflueisrectangular.)Itisnotapplicabletofluepipesandshouldnotbeusedwithflexiblemetalflue liners.Itshouldbecarriedoutbeforesmoketesting.
E10 Aheavyball,withadiameterabout25mmlessthanthatoftheflue,isloweredonaropefromtheflue outlettothebottomoftheflue.Ifanobstructionisencountered,theblockageshouldberemovedandthetestrepeated.
Smoke testing
E11 Whereanexistingflueistobecheckedwithasmoketest,itshouldfirstbeswept.
E12 Twosmoketestingproceduresaredescribedbelow.TestIconfirmsthegas-tightnessofthewholeflueandmaybeusedforoneservingasolidfuelapplianceorifthereisanydoubtovertheconditionofagasoroilflue.TestIImaybeusedwheretheflueistoserveagas-firedappliance.Neithertestisasubstituteforanyspillageorfluedraughtinterferencetestrequiredwhencommissioningtheappliance.Othersmoketestingprocedurescouldbeusedwheretheseformpartoftheprocedurefortheinstallationofanapprovedflueorreliningsystem
Smoke test I
E13 Alldoorsandwindowsintheroomservedbytheflueshouldbeclosed.Theflueshouldfirstbewarmedtoestablishadraught,e.g.withablowlamporelectricheater.Asuitablenumberoffluetestingsmokepelletsareplacedatthebaseoftheflue,suchasinthefireplace recessorintheapplianceifitisfitted,andignited.Whensmokestartstoform,thebaseoftheflueorfireplaceopeningshouldbesealedortheapplianceshouldbeclosed,sothatthesmokecanonlyentertheflue.(Forexample,therecessopeningshouldbeclosedoffwithaboardorplate,sealedattheedgesor,ifthepelletsareintheappliance,itsdoors,ashpitcoversandventsshouldbeclosed.)
E14 Smokeshouldbeseentoissuefreelyfromtheflue outletorterminal.Whenthisisestablished,thetopoftheflueissealed.Thefulllengthoftheflueshouldthenbechecked,bearinginmindParagraphE19;thereshouldbenosignificantleakage.Thetestshouldbeallowedtocontinueforatleast5minutes.Theclosuresatthetopandbottomoftheflueshouldthenberemoved.
Smoke test II
E15 Alldoorsandwindowsintheroomservedbytheflueshouldbeclosed.Theflueshouldfirstbewarmedtoestablishadraught.Asuitableflue-testingsmokepelletisignitedatthebaseoftheflueorintheintendedpositionoftheappliance,sothatthesmokeisdrawnintothefluewiththerisingdraught.(Ifthepelletsareplacedinarecessatthebaseoftheflue,theopeningbetweentheroomandtherecessshouldbepartiallyclosed,suchaswithaboard,butsoastoleaveanairentrygapofabout25mmatthebottom.)
E16 Smokeshouldbeseentoissuefreelyfromtheflue outletorterminalandnottospillbackintotheroom.Thereshouldbenosignificantleakageofsmokefromthelengthofthechimneyinsideoroutsideofthebuilding.
E17 SmoketestsIandIIareinlinewiththerecommendationsinBS5440-1:2008.
Notes in relation to testing
E18 Wherewarmingoftheflueisspecified,thisisintendedtoestablishadraught,butthismaytakemorethan10minutesinthecaseoflargeorcoldflues.
E19 Appliances,wherefitted,shouldnotbeunderfireatthetimeofcarryingoutthetest.Duringasmoketest,smokeshouldnotemergefromtheoutletofanyotherflue,asthisindicatesleakagebetweenflues.Whencheckingforsmokeleakagefromaflue,itshouldbeborneinmindthatsmokefromafaultyfluecanemergesomedistanceawayfromtheoriginalfault.Insuchcases,thesmokecouldemergefromsuchplacesasbargeoverhangsintheendofterracedwellingsorfromwindowrevealsincavitywalls.
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APPENDIXE JE20 Thepurposeofcarryingoutsmoketestingistocheckthatfluegaseswillrisefreelythroughtheflueandtoidentifywhetherthereareanyfaults,suchasincorrectlysealedjointsordamagethatwouldcausethefluegasestoescapeintothedwelling.
E21 Itshouldbenotedthatsmokepelletscreateapressuresignificantlyhigherthanthepressurerequiredintheproductstandardsfornatural draught chimneysandforflueshavingagas-tightnessdesignationofN1.Fluestothisdesignationarepermittedtohavealeakagerateofupto2litre/s/m²fluewallarea.Somesmokeleakagemaythereforebeseenduringsmoketestsanditcanbeamatterofexpertjudgementofwhetherleakageindicatesfailure.
E22 However,wispsofsmokevisibleontheoutsideofthechimneyornearjointsbetweenchimneysectionsdonotnecessarilyindicateafault.Ifforcefulplumes,orlargevolumesofsmokeareseen,thiscouldindicateamajorfaultsuchasanincorrectlymadeconnectionorjoint,oradamagedsectionofchimneythatrequiresinvestigationandremedialactionfollowedbyarepeatofthetest.
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F1 Theminimumrequirementsforpermanentventilationforcertainappliancesdependonaknowledgeoftheair-tightnessofthedwellingwheretheyaretobeinstalled,Dwellingsbuiltafter2008arelikelytohaveevidenceoftheair-tightnesseitherthroughanindividualairpermeabilitytestcertificateorthroughrepresentativetestingofthesamedesignofdwellingonthesamehousingdevelopment.
F2 Olderhousesareunlikelytohavebeentestedbutareunlikelytoachieveanairpermeabilityoflessthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paunlessthebuildingfabrichasbeensubstantiallyupgraded.Thatwouldincludeallormostofthefollowingmeasures:
• Fulldouble(ortriple)glazing
• Effectiveclosuresontrickleventsandothercontrollableventilationdevices
• Allexternaldoorswithintegraldraughtsealsandletterboxseals
• Internalandexternalsealingaroundexternaldoorsandwindowframes
• Filledcavityorsolidwalls
• Impermeableoverlayandedgesealingofsuspendedgroundfloors
• Carefulsealingatjunctionsbetweenbuildingelementssuchasbetweenwallsandfloorsorceilings
• Carefulsealingaroundlofthatch
• Carefulsealingaroundchimneyorfluepenetrations
• Carefulsealingaroundinternalsoilpipe
• Carefulsealingarounddomesticwaterandheatingpipespassingintoexternallyventilatedspaces
• Carefulsealingofallservicepenetrationsinthebuildingfabric(electricity,gas,water,drainage,phone,TVaerial,etc.)
• InternalwarningpipeforWC
• Allcablechannelsforlightswitchesandpowersocketssealed
• Allcableentryforlightingandceilingrosessealed.Recessedlightingshouldnotpenetrateceilingsseparatingloftspaces.
F3 Failuretoimplementevenafewofthesemeasureswilltypicallymeanthattheoverallairpermeabilitywillprobablyexceed5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Pa.However,individualroomsinsomeolderhouseswithsolidwallsandsolidfloorscanbeinherentlyair-tightwhenfittedwithmodernglazing.Thesituationmaythereforeneedtobeassessedwithrespectbothtotheoveralldwellingandtotheindividualroomwheretheapplianceistobefitted.Ifindoubtthenassumethattheairpermeabilityislowerthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paandfittheappropriatepermanentventilationorseekspecialistadvice.
FurtherinformationonsourcesofairleakagecanbefoundinGPG224 Improving airtightness in dwellings.
Appendix F: Assessing air permeability of older dwellings in relation to permanent ventilation requirements
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Appendix G: European chimney designations G1 ThisinformativeappendixprovidesasummaryoftheEuropeanchimney designationscheme.Theessenceoftheschemeisaseriesofcodelettersbasedonthegeneralchimney designationschemeofBSEN1443:2003,anexampleofwhichandtheirexplanationisgivenbelow.
DesignationG2 Thedesignationofachimneyconsistsof:
Chimney EN1234–T450N2D1G50
Numberofcorrespondingchimneystandard
Temperatureclass
PressureclassNorPorH
Resistancetocondensateclass,W(wet)orD(dry)
Corrosionresistanceclass
SootfireresistanceclassGorOfollowedbydistancetocombustiblematerials
G3 Europeanchimneystandardshavebeendevelopedbasedonthematerialoftheflue linere.g.clay/ceramic,concrete,metal,andplastic.Somematerialbasedstandardshaveadoptedadifferentshorteneddesignatione.g.forclayflue linersadesignationLiner–EN1457-300-A1-N2meansitissuitableforachimneywiththedesignationT600N2D3G,withanominalsizeof300mm.
G4 ThedesignationofthecorrosionresistanceclassofametalchimneyproductisdealtwithinBSEN1856-1andBSEN1856-2byatwo-foldapproach.Aminimummaterialspecificationandthicknessisallowedwhichisdependentonthatwhichispermittedinmemberstatesregulations,wheretheseexist.ProductsuponwhichadeclarationhasbeenmadeinthismanneraredesignatedVm.Thealternativeapproachinvolvesthechoiceofoneofthreecorrosionresistancetests.ProductsmeetingthetestscarrythedesignationV1,V2orV3,asappropriateallowtheproducttobedesignatedwiththeCorrosionresistanceclass1,2,or3respectively.Thematerialspecificationstillformspartoftheoveralldesignation,andappearsalongsidethe‘V’letter,e.g.Vx-L40045.Thematerialspecificationfortheliner(orconnectingpipe)isformedbytheletter‘L’followedbyfivedigits.Thefirsttwodigitsrepresentthematerialtypeandthelastthreedigitsrepresentthematerialthicknessinmultiplesof0.01mm.
G5 FortheUK,guidanceontheminimummaterialspecificationappropriateforthevariousapplicationsintermsofcorrosionresistance(solidfuel,gasandoil)isgivenintheUKNationalAnnextoBSEN1856-1and-2.
Forfurtherexamplesofshorteneddesignationrefertothespecificproductstandards.
G6 Inselectinganapplianceforagivenchimney designation,theappliance,irrespectiveofthefuelused,isrequiredtogeneratecombustionproductswithcharacteristicsequalorlessthanthosedesignatedforthechimney.Whenselectingachimneysuitableforagivenappliance,anychimneywithperformancecharacteristicsequaltoorhigherthanthoseappropriatefortheappliancemaybeused.
Temperature classesG7 TemperatureclassesaresetoutinTableG1andexpressedas‘T’followedbyanumberwhichislessthanorequaltothenominalworkingtemperature,i.e.,theaveragefluegastemperatureobtainedduringthenominal/ratedoutputtest(usuallythemaximumoperatinglevel);
TableG1 Temperature classes
Temperature class Nominal working temperature °C
T080 80
T100 100
T120 120
T140 140
T160 160
T200 200
T250 250
T300 300
T400 400
T450 450
T600 600
Pressure classesG8 PressureclassesaresetoutinTableG2andexpressedaseither‘N’,‘P’or‘H’followedbyeither‘1’or‘2’.Nrelatesingeneraltonatural draught chimneysi.e.operatingundernegativepressurewherethevalue1or2allowsforadifferentclassofproduct;metalchimneystoBSEN1856-1havetheclassN1.IntheUKthevalueN2willbeassignedasaminimumtomasonrychimneys.PandHrelatetochimneyswhichoperateunderpositivepressuree.g.forfanassistedapplicationsanddieselgeneratorsrespectively.Thepressuredesignationdependsonthegastightnessitachieves,thelowernumberbeingthemoreonerous,thehigherallowedleakageforpositivepressureapplicationbeingintendedtoexternalinstallations.
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TableG2 Pressure classes
Pressure class
Test pressure
Pa
Gas tightness – Maximum leakage rate
L/s/m2
N1 40 2.0
N2 20 3.0
P1 200 0.006
P2 200 0.120
H1 5000 0.006
H2 5000 0.120
Condensate resistance classesG9 Condensateresistanceclass–expressedaseither‘W’forwetor‘D’fordryoperations.Aproductdesignated‘W’,abletocontaincondensateswithintheflue,isaimedatcondensingappliances.Aproductdesignated‘D’wouldusuallyhavefluegastemperatureshighenoughtoavoidcondensateformation.
Corrosion resistance classesG10 CorrosionresistanceclassesaresetoutinTableG3–thisisfueldependantandexpressedas1,2or3.
TableG3 Corrosion resistance classes (from BS EN 1443-2003)
Corrosion resistance class
1Possible fuel types
2Possible fuel types
3Possible fuel types
gas
Gas:sulphur-content50mg/m3
NaturalgasL+H
GasNaturalgasL+H
GasNaturalgasL+H
liquid
Kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3
Oil:sulphur-content0.2mass%kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3
Oil:sulphur-content>0.2mass%kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3
wood Woodinopenfireplaces WoodinopenfireplacesWoodinclosedstoves
coal Coal
peat Peat
Sootfire resistance classesG11 Sootfireresistanceclass–expressedaseither‘G’withsootfireresistance,or‘O’without,Aproductassignedthedesignation‘G’hasbeentestedat1000ºCfor30minutes.
Distance to combustible materialG12 Thedesignationoftheminimumdistancefromtheoutersurfaceofthechimneytocombustiblematerialisgivenasxxexpressedinmillimetres(e.g.thedistance‘x-x’identifiedinparagraph1.45anddiagram13).
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ACE(AmalgamatedChimneyEngineers):WhiteAcre,MetheringhamFen,LincolnLN43AL
Tel01526323009 Fax01526323181
BFCMA(BritishFlueandChimneyManufacturersAssociation):2WalthamCourt,MilleyLane,HareHatch,Reading,BerkshireRG109TH
Tel01189403416 [email protected] www.feta.co.uk
BRE(BuildingResearchEstablishmentLtd.):BucknallsLane,Garston,Watford,HertfordshireWD259XX
Tel01923664000 [email protected] www.bre.co.uk
BSI(BritishStandardsInstitution):389ChiswickHighRoad,LondonW44AL
Tel02089969000 Fax02089967400www.bsigroup.com
CIBSE(CharteredInstitutionofBuildingServicesEngineers):222BalhamHighRoad,LondonSW129BS
Tel02086755211 Fax02086755449www.cibse.org
Gas Safe Register:POBox6804,BasingstokeRG244NB
Tel08004085500www.gassaferegister.co.uk
Environment Agency:RioHouse,WatersideDrive,AztecWest,Almondsbury,BristolBS324UD
08708506506www.environment-agency.gov.uk
EnvironmentAgencyEmergencyHotline0800807060
HETAS(HeatingEquipmentTestingandApprovalScheme):OrchardBusinessCentre,StokeOrchard,Cheltenham,GloucestershireGL527RZ
Tel08456345626www.hetas.co.uk
HSE(HealthandSafetyExecutive):(1G)RedgraveCourt,MertonRoad,MerseysideL207HS
Tel08453450055www.hse.gov.uk
HSEInfoline:08453450055
Gassafetyadviceline:0800300363
IGEM(InstitutionofGasEngineers&Managers):IGEMHouse,HighStreet,Kegworth,DerbyshireDE742DA
Tel08443754436 Fax01509678198www.igem.org.uk
UKLPG:Unit14,BowCourt,FletchworthGateBurnsallRoad,CoventryCV56SP
www.uklpg.org
NACE(NationalAssociationofChimneyEngineers):POBox849,MetheringhamLincolnLN43WU
Tel01526322555www.nace.org.uk
NACS(NationalAssociationofChimneySweeps):Unit15,EmeraldWay,StoneBusinessPark,Stone,StaffordshireST150SR
Tel01785811732 [email protected]
NFA(NationalFireplaceAssociation):POBox583,HighWycombe,BucksHP156XT
Tel08456431901 Fax08456431902www.fireplace.co.uk
OFTEC(OilFiringTechnicalAssociationLtd):FoxwoodHouse,DobbsLane,KesgraveIpswichIP52qq
Tel08456585080 [email protected] www.oftec.org
SFA(SolidFuelAssociation):7SwanwickCourt,Alfreton,DerbyshireDE557AS
Tel01773835400 [email protected]
Appendix H: AddressesO N L I N E V E R S I O N
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BS 41:1973 (1998)Specificationforcastironspigotandsocketflueorsmokepipesandfittings.
BS EN 303-1:1999HeatingBoilers.Heatingboilerswithforceddraughtburners.Terminologygeneralrequirements,testingandmarking.
BS 476-4:1970(2007)Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Non-combustibilitytestformaterials.AMD2483andAMD4390.
BS 476-11:1982(2007)Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodforassessingtheheatemissionfrombuildingmaterials.
BS 476-20:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofelementsofconstruction(generalprinciples).
BS 476-21:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodsfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofloadbearingelementsofconstruction.
BS 476-22:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodsfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofnon-loadbearingelementsofconstruction.
BS EN 449:2002 + a1:2007 SpecificationforDedicatedLiquidPetroleumGasAppliances.DomesticFluelessSpaceHeaters(includingDiffusiveCatalyticCombustionHeaters).
BS 715:2005Specificationformetalfluepipes,fittings,terminalsandaccessoriesforgas-firedapplianceswitharatedinputnotexceeding60kW.AMD8413.
BS 799-5:1987OilBurningEquipment.SpecificationforOilStorageTanks.
BS 1181:1999Specificationforclayflueliningsandflueterminals.
BS 1251:1987Specificationforopenfireplacecomponents.
BS EN 1443:2003Chimneys.GeneralRequirements.
BS 1449-2:1983Specificationforstainlessandheat-resistingsteelplate,sheetandstrip.AMD4807,AMD6646andAMD8832.
BS EN 10268:2006Coldrolledsteelflatproductswithhighyieldstrengthforcoldforming.Technicaldeliveryconditions.
BS EN 1457:2009Chimneys.Clay/ceramicflueliners.Requirementsandtestmethods.
BS EN 1806:2006Chimneys.Clay/ceramicflueblocksforsinglewallchimneys.Requirementsandtestmethods.
BS 1846-1:1994GlossaryofTermsRelatingtoSolidFuelBurningEquipment.1994Domesticappliances.
BS EN 1856-1:2003Chimneys.Requirementsformetalchimneys.Systemchimneyproducts.
BS EN 1856-2:2004Chimneys.Requirementsformetalchimneys.Metallinersandconnectingfluepipes.
BS EN 1857:2003 + A1:2008Chimneys.Components.Concreteflueliners.
BS EN 1858:2003Chimneys.Components.Concreteflueblocks.
BS EN 1859:2009Chimneys.Metalchimneys.Testmethods.
BS 2869:2006Fueloilsforagricultural,domesticandindustrialenginesandboilers.Specification.
BS EN 1859:2000Chimney,Metalchimneys.Testmethods.
BS 2869-2:1998Fueloilsfornon-Marineuse.Specificationforfueloilforagriculturalandindustrialenginesandburners(ClassesA2,C1,C2,D,E,F,GandH).AMD6505.
BS 4543-1:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Methodsoftest.AMD8379.
BS 4543-2:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Specificationforchimneyswithstainlesssteelflueliningsforusewithsolidfuelfiredappliances.AMD8380.
BS 4543-3:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Specificationforchimneyswithstainlesssteelflueliningforusewithoilfiredappliances.AMD8381.
BS 4876:1984Specificationforperformancerequirementsfordomesticfluedoilburningappliances(includingtestprocedures).
BS 5410-1:1997Codeofpracticeforoilfiring.Installationsupto44kWoutputcapacityforspaceheatingandhotwatersupplypurposes.AMD3637.
BS 5410-2:1978Codeofpracticeforoilfiring.Installationsof45kWandaboveoutputcapacityforspaceheating,hotwaterandsteamsupplyservices.
BS 5440-1:2008Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases).SpecificationforInstallationandmaintenanceofflues.
Standards referred toO N L I N E V E R S I O N
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
81ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
STANDARDSREFERREDTO JBS 5440-2:2000Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofventilationforgasappliances.
BS 5482-1:2005Codeofpracticefordomesticbutane-andpropane-gas-burninginstallations.Installationsatpermanentdwellings,residentialparkhomesandcommercialpremises,withinstallationpipeworksizesnotexceedingDN25forsteelandDN28forcorrugatedstainlesssteelorcopper.
BS 5546:2000Specificationforinstallationofhotwatersuppliesfordomesticpurposes,usinggasfiredappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kW.
BS 5854:1980 (1996)Codeofpracticeforfluesandfluestructuresinbuildings.
BS 5864:2004SpecificationforInstallationinDomesticPremisesofGas-FiredDucted-AirHeatersofRatedInputNotExceeding60kW.
BS 5871-1:2005SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.GasFires,ConvectorHeatersandFire/BackBoilersandheatingstoves(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).
BS 5871-2:2005
SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.InsetLiveFuelEffectGasFiresofHeatInputNotExceeding15kW(2ndand3rdFamilyGases).
BS 5871-3:2005SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.DecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliancesofHeatInputNotExceeding20kW(2ndand3rdFamilyGases).
BS 6172:2004SpecificationforInstallationofDomesticGasCookingAppliances(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).
BS6173:2001SpecificationforInstallationofGasFiredCateringAppliancesforUseinAllTypesofCateringEstablishments(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).
BS EN 15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.Chimneysfornon-roomsealedheatingappliances.
BS 6798:2009SpecificationforInstallationofGas-FiredBoilersofRatedInputNotExceeding70kW.
BS 6999:1989 (1996)SpecificationforVitreous-EnamelledLow-Carbon-SteelFluepipes,OtherComponentsandAccessoriesforSolid-Fuel-BurningApplianceswithaMaximumRatedOutputof45kW.
BS 7435-1:1991 (1998)FibreCementFluePipes,FittingsandTerminals.SpecificationforLightqualityFibreCementFluepipes,FittingsandTerminals.
BS 7435-2:1991FibreCementFluePipes,FittingsandTerminals.Specificationsforheavyqualitycementfluepipes,fittingsandterminals.
BS 7566:InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances
BS 7566-1:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.MethodofSpecifyingInstallationDesignInformation.
BS 7566-2:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.SpecificationforInstallationDesign.
BS 7566-4:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.RecommendationsforInstallationDesignandInstallation.
BS 8303-1:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,SpecificationfortheDesignofInstallations.
BS 8303-2:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,SpecificationforInstallingandCommissioningonSite.
BS 8303-3:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,RecommendationsforDesignandonSiteInstallation.
BS EN 10088-1:2005StainlessSteels.ListofStainlessSteels.
BS EN 13384-1:2002+ A2:2008Chimneys.Thermalandfluiddynamiccalculationmethods.Chimneysservingoneappliance.
BS EN 14213:2003Heatingfuels.Fattyacidmethylesters(FAME).Requirementsandtestmethods.
BS EN 15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.
O N L I N E V E R S I O NREFERREDO N L I N E V E R S I O NREFERRED TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
82Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ
J
Government
ApprovedDocumentJ:2002Edition:SupplementaryGuidanceontheUKImplementationofEuropeanStandardsforChimneysandFlues,ODPM(2004).Available to download from www.planningportal.gov.uk.
TheGasSafety(InstallationsandUse)Regulations1998.
GasAppliances(Safety)Regulations1995.
Workplace,SafetyandWelfare,Workplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992,ApprovedCodeofPracticeL24,HSEBooks(1992).ISBN9780717604135
Guide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings.OfficeoftheDeputyPrimeMinister(2005).ISBN9781851127849
Building Research Establishment
BR414(2001)Protectivemeasuresforhousingongascontaminatedland.ISBN9781860814600
BR211(2007)Radon:guidanceonprotectivemeasuresfornewbuildings(includingsupplementaryadviceforextensions,conversionsandrefurbishment)(2007edition).
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
CIBSEGuideB:Heating,Ventilating,AirConditioningandRefrigeration,(2005).ISBN9781903287583
Energy Saving Trust
GPG224Improvingairtightnessindwellings(2005).
Environment Agency
TheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations(2001).
PollutionPreventionGuidelinesPPG2–AboveGroundOilStorageTanks(2004).
PollutionPreventionGuidelinesPPG27-Installation,DecommissioningandRemovalofUndergroundStorageTanks(2002).
MasonryBundsforOilsStorageTanks,CIRIA/EnvironmentAgencyJointGuidelines
ConcreteBundsforOilsStorageTanks,CIRIA/EnvironmentAgencyJointGuidelines
Available to download from http://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk.
Health and Safety Executive
Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances,ApprovedCodeofPracticeandGuidanceL56,HSEBooks.ISBN9780717616350
HETAS
HETASInformationPaper1/007ChimneysinThatchedProperties(2009).
Oil Firing Technical Association (OFTEC)
OFTECOilFiredApplianceStandard.OFSA100.HeatingBoilerswithAtomisingBurners.Outputsupto70kW.MaximumOperatingPressuresof3Bar(2004).
OFTECOilFiredApplianceStandard.OFSA101.OilFiredCookerswithAtomisingorVaporisingBurnerswithorwithoutBoilers.HeatOutputsupto45kW(2004).
OFTECTechnicalBook3:Installationrequirementsforoilfiredequipment1stEdition(2006).
OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–PolyethyleneOilStorageTanksforDistillateFuels(2008).
OFST200OilFiringEquipmentStandard–SteelOilStorageTanksandTankBundsforusewithDistillateFuels,LubricationOilsandWasteOils(2007).
UKLPG
CodeofPractice1BulkLPGStorageatFixedInstallationsPart1:Design,InstallationandOperationofVesselsLocatedAboveGround(January2009).
Other publications referred toO N L I N E V E R S I O N
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
J
83ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
AAccess
Appliances1.60Flues1.47,1.49,Diagram14
Accreditationpage7Air permeability assessment
AppendixFAir supply1.2–1.4,Diagram8
Fluelessappliances1.19Gasappliances3.10,3.15–3.16,
Diagram32Oilappliances4.3,Diagram40Solidfuelappliances2.1–2.3,Table1See alsoAirvents
Air-tight membranes1.17Air vents1.3–1.4
Equivalentarea1.12–1.14GasappliancesDiagram32Grillesandmeshes1.15Location1.11,1.16,Diagram10Noise1.16OilappliancesDiagram40Permanentlyopen1.10–1.17SolidfloorsDiagram11Solidfuelappliances2.1–2.3
Appliance compartmentsDefinition0.4GasappliancesDiagram32OilappliancesDiagram40Ventilation1.5–1.7
Approved Document JPurposepage3Typesofworkcoveredpage5
Architectural interestpage6
BBack boilers3.39,Diagram36Balanced compartments
Definition0.4Ventilation1.7
Balanced fluesDefinition0.4Flueoutlets3.23,Diagram34
BathroomsGasappliances3.5Oilappliances4.2
BedroomsGasappliances3.5Oilappliances4.2
BiofuelLiquid4.1,5.2,Table8Solid0.4,page8,Table3,TableG3
BoundariesDiagram1Definition0.4Flueoutlets1.52,3.23,Diagram34LPGstorageinstallations5.15,
Diagram43OilstorageinstallationsTable10
British Standardspage80–81BS41:1973(1998)1.32BS7153.37BS1251:1987Diagram29BS2869:19985.2BS5410-1:19971.25,5.2,5.6,
page61,AppendixE8,BS5440page55BS5440-1:20081.23,1.25,1.42,
3.22,3.37,AppendixE8BS5440-2:20093.15BS5482-1:20055.14BS5546:2000page55BS5864:2004page55BS5871:2005page55,3.22,
Diagram31BS6172:2004page55BS6173:2001page55
BS6798:20091.60,page55BS6999:1989(1996)1.32BS8131:19975.22BS8303:19942.33BSEN1443:20031.26,1.27,2.20,
4.23,AppendixG1,TableG3BSEN1457:20091.27BSEN1806:20061.29,2.17,3.30,
4.15BSEN1856-1:20031.42,1.45,1.46,
2.20,3.36,AppendixG4,AppendixG4–5
BSEN1856-2:20041.32,1.40,2.20,3.28,4.13,AppendixG4,AppendixG4–5
BSEN1857:2003(2008)1.27,2.20,3.28,4.13
BSEN1858:20032.17,3.30,4.15,4.21
BSEN13141-1:20041.12BSEN13384-1:20052.8BSEN14213:20035.2BSEN14471:20051.41BSEN15287-1:20071.42,2.33,
AppendixE8BSEN15827-1:20074.22BSEN50291:20012.35BSEN50292:20022.36
Building Control Body (BCB)Definition0.4Notificationofworkpage6
Building Regulationspage9
CCapacity
Definition0.4Carbon monoxide alarms1.1,2.33,
2.34–2.36CE markingpage7,3.19,3.42Certification
Competentpersonself-certificationschemespage6
Productcertificationschemespage7Change of appliance type1.36–1.39Change of usepage5,1.31,Diagram12Chimneys
ChecklistAppendixACondensateresistance1.26,
AppendixG9CorrosionresistanceTableG3,
AppendixG4–5,AppendixG10Definition0.4EuropeandesignationsAppendixGFireprevention2.18,Diagram21,
AppendixG11–12Gasappliances3.27,3.29–3.32
Debriscollectionspace3.38Fireprevention3.33–3.34,Table7Minimumperformance
designationsTable6Oilappliances4.9–4.12,4.14–4.22
Fireprevention4.18–4.19,Table9Minimumperformance
designationsTable8PressureclassesTableG2,
AppendixG8Solidfuelappliances2.17,2.19–2.20,
Table3Debriscollectionspace2.16Fireprevention2.18,Diagram21Minimumperformance
designationsTable3Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20
SootfireresistanceAppendixG11StructureDiagram2TemperatureclassesTableG1,
AppendixG7
See alsoFactory-mademetalchimneys;Flueblockchimneys;Flues;Masonrychimneys
Clean Air Act 1993page8Combustion appliances
Definition0.4Combustion products
Gas-tightnesstestsAppendixE8Spillageintoroom1.20–1.23,
AppendixE8Competent person self-certification
schemespage6Compliance with requirementspage3
CheckingAppendixEIndependentcertificationand
accreditationschemespage7Responsibilityforpage4,1.54Self-certificationpage6
Condensates in flues1.26Condensing appliances
Flueliners1.26,1.41Flueoutlets3.23,4.7
Conservation areaspage6Control of Pollution (Oil Storage)
(England) Regulations 20015.7–5.12
Coring ball testAppendixE9–10
DDebris collection space2.16,3.38Decorative fuel effect (DFE) fires
Diagram31,3.11–3.12Flues3.22HearthsDiagram37
Depressurisation1.20–1.23Designation system
ChimneysAppendixGDefinition0.4
Draught breakDefinition0.4
Draught diverterDiagram3Definition0.4
Draught stabiliserDiagram3Definition0.4
Dry lining around fireplace1.53Ducts
Sizemeasurement0.5,Diagram7
EEquivalent area1.12–1.14
Definition0.4European chimney designations
AppendixGEuropean Technical Approvalpage7Exemptionspage6–7
FFactory-made metal chimneys1.42–
1.46,Table3CheckingAppendixE6Definition0.4Gasappliances3.32Guarding1.45,3.32,3.35,4.20Oilappliances4.17Solidfuelappliances2.19
Fanned draughtDiagram4Definition0.4
Fire compartmentsDefinition0.4Fluespenetrating1.46,3.34,4.19
Fireplace canopiesDiagram23Fireplace gathers2.21,Diagram22,
Diagram23Fireplace linings2.31,Diagram29
IndexO N L I N E V E R S I O N
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
84Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ
J INDEX
Fireplace openingsAppendixB,Diagram45
Dryliningaround1.53Fireprotection2.30,2.32–2.33Fluesizeaspercentageof2.7
Fireplace recessesDiagram5Definition0.4Fireprotection2.18,2.30,Diagram28Linings2.31
Fire protectionFactory-mademetalchimneys1.45,
3.35,Diagram13Fireplacesandhearths2.25–2.33,
3.40–3.41,4.25–4.27Flues3.33–3.34,4.18–4.19,Table7
Connectingfluepipes2.14–2.15,3.35,Diagram19
Flueoutlets2.12LPGstorageinstallations5.14–5.18,
Diagram43,Table11Masonrychimneys1.31,2.18,
Diagram12,Diagram21Oilstorageinstallations5.4–5.6,
Table10Fire resistance
Definition0.4Fire walls5.5,5.16–5.18
Definition0.4Flexible metal flue liners1.40,4.22Floor ventsDiagram11,1.17Flueblock chimneys1.29–1.30,2.17,
3.30–3.31,Diagram20CheckingAppendixE4–5Definition0.4Gasappliances3.30–3.31Minimumperformancedesignations
Table3Oilappliances4.15–4.16Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20
Flue boxDefinition0.4
Flue gasSpillage1.20,1.55Temperatures4.9–4.12,AppendixG7
Flueless appliancesDiagram4Airsupply1.19,3.15–3.16,Diagram8,
Diagram33Definition0.4Gasappliances3.8–3.9,3.15–3.16,
Diagram33Flue liners1.26,1.27
CheckingAppendixE7Definition0.4Flexiblemetal1.40,3.37Gasappliances3.36–3.37Minimumperformancedesignations
Table3Oilappliances4.21–4.22Re-lining1.35,1.37–1.40,2.20,
3.36–3.37,4.21–4.22Repair1.34–1.35Solidfuelappliances2.20
Flue outletsDiagram17,Diagram18Configuration1.49Definition0.4Gasappliances3.23–3.26,Diagram34,
Diagram35Nearboundaries1.52Oilappliances4.6–4.8,Diagram41Solidfuelappliances2.10–2.12Terminalsandguards3.25–3.26,4.8
FluepipesConfiguration1.49,Diagram15Connecting1.32–1.33
Gasappliances3.28Oilappliances4.13Solidfuelappliances2.13–2.15
Definition0.4Gasappliances3.20,3.28,Table6Guarding4.20
Locationandshielding2.14–2.15,4.19–4.20
Oilappliances4.4,4.13,Table8Plastic1.41Solidfuelappliances2.4,2.13–2.15Testing1.55
FluesDiagram2AccessDiagram14ChecklistAppendixAConcealed1.47,Diagram14Condensateresistance1.26,
AppendixG9Configuration1.48–1.49,Diagram15Definition0.4Gasappliances3.5
Flueoutlets3.23–3.26,Diagram34–35
Heightofflues3.21–3.22Locationandshielding3.33–3.35,
Table7Provision3.27,Table6Sizeofflues3.17–3.20,Table5
GastightnesstestsAppendixE7–8Inspectionandcleaning1.49,
AppendixE3,Diagram15Meansofaccess1.47,1.49,
Diagram14Noticeplates1.57–1.58,Diagram16Oilappliances
BurningClassDoil4.23Flueliners4.21–4.22Flueoutlets4.6–4.8,Diagram41Locationandshielding4.18–4.20,
Table9Provision4.9–4.12Sizeofflues4.4–4.5
Provision1.23Repair1.34–1.35Re-use1.36–1.39Sizemeasurement0.5,Diagram7Solidfuelappliances
Debriscollectionspace2.16Flueliners2.20Flueoutlets2.10–2.12Heightofflues2.8–2.9Locationandshielding2.14–2.15Sizeofflues2.4–2.7,Table2
Testing1.55,AppendixE3,AppendixE9–22
See alsoChimneys;Flueliners;Fluepipes
GGas appliances3.1–3.42,3.38
Airsupply3.10,3.15–3.16,Diagram32,Diagram33,AppendixC
Backboilers3.39Combustionproductspillage1.20,
1.23Flueless3.8–3.9,3.15–3.16,
Diagram33Flues3.7
Chimneyconstruction3.29–3.32Flueliners3.36–3.37Flueoutlets3.23–3.26,Diagram34Height3.21–3.22Locationandshielding4.18–4.20Provision3.27,Table6Size3.17–3.20,Table5
Hearths3.40–3.41,Diagram37,Diagram38
Regulations3.1–3.5Roofspaceinstallations1.60Shielding3.42,Diagram39Standardsapproachpage55Typesofinstallation3.6–3.16,
Diagram4,Diagram31,Diagram32Gas Safety (Installation and Use)
Regulations3.1–3.5
Gas tightness testsAppendixE7–8Gathers2.21,Diagram22,Diagram23
HHearths1.56,Diagram6
ChecklistAppendixADefinition0.4Gasappliances3.40–3.41,Diagram37Noticeplates1.57–1.58,Diagram16Oilappliances4.24–4.27Solidfuelappliances2.22–2.29,2.32–
2.33,Diagram24–27,Diagram30Heat input rate
Definition0.4Historic buildingspage5–6
IInset live fuel effect (ILFE) fires
3.13–3.14,Diagram31,Diagram37Installation instructions
Definition0.4Installers
Certificationandaccreditationpage6,page7,3.3
Gasappliances3.1–3.3Responsibilityforcompliance1.54
Instantaneous water heaters3.5,3.9
LLegislationpage8Limitation on requirementspage5Listed buildingspage6LPG cylinders
Locationandsupport5.19–5.20,Diagram44
LPG pipework5.21–5.22LPG storage installations5.13–5.21
BuildingRegulations3.5Tanklocationandprotective
measures5.14–5.18,Table11,Diagram43
MMasonry chimneys1.27–1.28,
Diagram20CheckingAppendixE4–5Fireprevention1.31,2.18,
Diagram12,Diagram21Gasappliances3.29Minimumperformancedesignations
Table3Oilappliances4.14Solidfuelappliances2.17–2.18Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20
Material change of usepage5,1.31,Diagram12
Materials and workmanshippage7Metal chimneys
SeeFactory-mademetalchimneysMinor workspage6Multi-fuel appliances2.6
NNational parkspage6Natural draught flues1.48–1.49,
Diagram4Non-combustible material
Definition0.4Non-notifiable workpage6Notice plates1.57Notification of workpage6Notified Body
Definition0.4
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
O N L I N E V E R S I O N
85ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems
INDEX JOOil appliances4.1–4.29
Airsupply4.3,Diagram40,AppendixD
BurningClassDoil4.23Combustionproductspillage1.20,
1.23Fluegastemperatures4.9–4.12Flues
Chimneyconstruction4.13–4.17Flueliners4.21–4.22Flueoutlets4.6–4.8,Diagram41Locationandshielding4.18–4.20,
Table9Provision4.9–4.12,Table8Size4.4–4.5
Hearths4.24–4.27,Diagram42Shielding4.25–4.27Standardsapproachpage61
Oil storage installations5.1–5.12Fireprotection5.4–5.5,Table10Heating5.2–5.3Pollutionprevention5.7–5.12
Oil supply pipes5.6Open fireplacesDiagram29Open-flued appliancesDiagram4
Airsupply1.4–1.5,1.18,Diagram8Definition0.4Gasappliances3.17–3.22,Diagram
32,AppendixC,Naturaldraughtflues1.48–1.49,3.17–3.22
Oilappliances4.2,AppendixD
PPerformance requirements1.1Plastic fluepipes1.41Prefabricated appliance chambers
2.30,Table4Definition0.4
Product certification schemespage7Publications (excluding BSI and
European Standards)page82AboveGroundOilStorageTanks
(CLGPPG2,2004)5.7BulkLPGStorageatFixed
Installations(UKLPGCodeofPractice,2009)5.14
GoodBuildingGuide(BREGBG25)1.20
Installation,decommissioningandremovalofundergroundstoragetanks(CLGPPG27,2002)5.7
Protectivemeasuresforhousingongascontaminatedland(BR414,2001)1.17
Radon:guidanceonprotectivemeasuresfornewbuildings(BR211,2007)1.17
Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances(HSE)3.3
RRadiant convector gas fires3.13–3.14,
Diagram31Radon gas extraction1.20Rated heat input
Definition0.4Rated heat output
Definition0.4Roof space installations1.60Room-sealed appliancesDiagram4
Airsupply1.8,Diagram8Definition0.4GasappliancesDiagram32
SSelf-certification schemespage6Shower rooms3.5,4.1Smoke spillage1.55Smoke testingAppendixE11–22Solid biofuel
Definition0.4Solid floorsDiagram11Solid fuel appliances2.1–2.35
Airsupply2.1–2.3,Table1Carbonmonoxidealarms2.34–2.36Chimneywallthickness2.17,
Diagram20Combustionproductspillage1.20Debriscollectionspace2.16Fireplacegathers2.21,Diagram22,
Diagram23Fireplacelinings2.31,Diagram29Fireplacerecesses2.30,Diagram28Fireprevention2.18,2.32–2.33,
Table3,Diagram21,Diagram30Flues
Connectingfluepipes2.13–2.15Flueoutlets2.10–2.12,Diagram
17–18Heightofflues2.8–2.9Sizeofflues2.4–2.7
Hearths2.22–2.29,Diagram24–27Prefabricatedappliancechambers
2.30,Table4Spillage tests1.55Standardspage7
TTechnical specificationspage7Thatched roofs2.12ThroatDiagram29
Definition0.4
VVentilation
AirpermeabilityassessmentAppendixF
Appliancecompartments1.5–1.7Fluelessappliances1.19,3.15–3.16,
Diagram8,Diagram33Gasappliances3.15–3.16,Diagram
33,AppendixCOilappliancesAppendixDRoom1.4,1.8–1.9,1.18–1.19,
1.20–1.23See alsoAirsupply;Airvents
Ventilator free areasDiagram9
WWorkmanshippage7Workplace (Health, Safety and
Welfare) Regulations 1992page8
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MAIN CHANGES IN THE2004 EDITIONSection 1
New guidance has been included for access for visual inspection of concealed flues. This should ensure that flues can be properly inspected both when an appliance is first commissioned and subsequently serviced.
Section 2
Guidance has been included in support of a new requirement J3 “Warning of release of carbon monoxide” on the provision of carbon monoxide alarms where solid fuel appliances are installed.
The provisions for flue outlet clearances relative to adjacent pitched roofs have been clarified in Diagram 17.
The guidance on the provision of hearths and wall clearances for solid fuel appliances have been made more flexible to take account of the availability of modern appliances.
Section 2, 3 & 4
The guidance for permanent ventilation openings for open flued appliances in very airtight houses (those with a design air permeability less than or equal to 5.0 m3/(h.m2)) have been increased to counteract the decrease in adventitious ventilation relative to older houses. Appendix F gives advice on assessing the air permeability of older houses in relation to this guidance.
Section 4
This section now explicitly includes liquid biofuel and blends on mineral oil and liquid biofuel within the scope of combustion installations designed to burn oil.
Section 5
The guidance on identifying where secondary containment for oil tanks is necessary has been expanded to include locations in inner protection zone as shown on the Environment Agency’s groundwater sources map.
Appendix G
This informative appendix provides and explanation of the European designation system for certain flue and chimney products.
Main changes made by the 2010 amendmentsThis 2010 edition, incorporating the further 2010 amendments reflects the changes made as a result of the Building Regulations 2010 and Building (Approved inspector etc) Regulations 2010. The changes mainly reflect regulation number changes as a result of re-ordering. There have been no amendments to the substantive requirements in Schedule 1 (i.e. Parts A to P) of the Building Regulations.Please note the simplification of the definition of ‘room for residential purposes’ in regulation 2 of the Building Regulations 2010. Please also note that L1(c) has now become regulation 40.
APPROVED DOCUMENTSThe following documents have been approved and issued by the First Secretary of State for the purpose of providing practical guidance with respect to the requirements of the Building Regulations 2010.
Approved Document A: Structure 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 1: Dwellinghouses2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 2: Buildings other than dwellinghouses 2006 edition incorporating 2007 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document C: Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document D: Toxic substances 1992 edition incorporating 2002 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document E: Resistance to the passage of sound 2003 edition incorporating 2004 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document F: Ventilation 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document G: Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document H: Drainage and waste disposal 2002 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document J: Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document K: Protection from falling collision and impact 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document L1A: Conservation of fuel and power – New dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document L1B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments
Approved Document L2A: Conservation of fuel and power – New buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments
Approved Document L2B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments
Approved Document M: Access to and use of buildings 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document N: Glazing – safety in relation to impact, opening and cleaning 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments
Approved Document P: Electrical safety – Dwellings 2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
Approved Document to support regulation 7: Materials and workmanship 1999 edition incorporating 2010 amendments
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O N L I N E V E R S I O N
The Building Regulations 2010
Published by NBS, part of RIBA Enterprises Ltd, and available from:
RIBA Bookshops Mail Order15 Bonhill StreetLondon EC2P 2EA
Telephone orders/General enquiries: 020 7256 7222Fax orders: 020 7374 2737Email orders: [email protected]
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ISBN 978 1 85946 371 0
Stock code 72231
© Crown Copyright, 2010
Reprint December 2010, with corrections
Copyright in the typographical arrangement rests with the Crown.
This publication, excluding logos, may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium for research, private study or for internal circulation within an organisation. This is subject to it being reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the publication specified. This document/publication is value added. If you wish to re-use, please apply for a Click-Use Licence for value added material at www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/system/online/pLogin.asp, or by writing to the Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU. Email: [email protected]. If you require this publication in an alternative format please email [email protected].
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