bp water cooling system

8/13/2019 Bp Water Cooling System

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WATER COOLING SYSTEM



The water cooling system for a slow speed diesel engineconsists of two separate circuits: one for cooling thecylinder jackets, cylinder heads and turboblowers; theother for piston cooling. A separate piston coolingsystem is used to prevent any possibility of

contamination from piston cooling glands. The jacket cooling system is a closed circuit. Water

passing from the engine returns through a cooler to thecirculating pump and then to the engine. A header orexpansion tank is placed at a sufficient height to allow

the venting and water make-up in the system. This hasconnection from the engine discharge and to the pumpsuction line. A heater is included with by-pass to warmthe engine prior to starting by circulating hot water.



The water cooling system for a slow speed diesel engineconsists of two separate circuits: one for cooling thec_______ j________, cylinder _______ and t_____b______;the other for p______ cooling. A separate piston coolingsystem is used to prevent any possibility of contamination

from piston cooling g_____. The jacket cooling system is a closed c______. Water

passing from the engine returns through a c______ to thec_________ p_______ and then to the engine. A h_______ orexpansion tank is placed at a sufficient height to allow the

v________ and water make-up in the system. This hasconnection from the engine d________ and to the pumps________ line. A h_______ is included with by-pass towarm the engine p______ to starting by circulating hotwater.



The water cooling system for a slow speed diesel engineconsists of two separate circuits: one for cooling the_________, __________ and ___________; the other for pistoncooling.

A separate piston cooling system is used to prevent anypossibility of contamination from __________.

The jacket cooling system is a __________. Water passing from the engine returns through a cooler to

________________and then __________. A header or ___________ is placed at a sufficient height to

allow the venting and water ______________.

This has connection from _____________ and to the pumpsuction line. A heater is included with by-pass to ___________prior to

starting _________________.



Water enters at the lower end of the jackets, passing up

to the cylinder covers and then to the exhaust valvecages, if these are fitted. Some water is taken from thedischarge and passed through the turbo-chargerturbine cooling spaces, before returning to the maindischarge.

The piston cooling system pump draws from the supply(or drain) tank passing water to the piston cooler andthen to the engine piston distribution manifold. Thereturn from these flows by gravity to the supply tank.Arrangements may also be included for the return ofany leakage from the glands. This must first passthrough an oil separator and inspection tank. A steamcoil is fitted in the piston cooling water supply tank forpreparing the engine for sea.



Water ________ at the lower end of the jackets, __________up to the cylinder covers and then to the exhaust valvecages, if these are fitted. Some water is taken from thedischarge and _________ through the turbo-charger turbinecooling spaces, before _________ to the main discharge.

The piston cooling system pump ________from the supply(or drain) tank _________ water to the piston cooler andthen to the engine piston distribution manifold. The returnfrom these _________ by gravity to the supply tank.

Arrangements may also be _________ for the return of anyleakage from the glands. This must first _________ throughan oil separator and inspection tank. A steam coil is_________ in the piston cooling water supply tank for_________ the engine for sea.



Water enters at the lower end of the jackets, passing up tothe __________ and then to the exhaust valve ________, ifthese are fitted. Some water is taken from the dischargeand passed through the turbo-charger turbine __________,before returning to the __________ discharge.

The piston __________ pump draws from the supply (or

__________) tank passing water to the __________ and thento the engine piston distribution __________. The return from these flows by __________ to the supply

tank. __________ may also be included for the return of any

leakage from the __________. This must first pass through an oil __________ and

inspection tank. A steam __________ is fitted in the _____ _____ _______

_________ for preparing the engine for sea.



Water enters at the lower end of the jackets, passing up tothe cylinder covers and then __________ , if these are fitted.

Some water is taken from the discharge and passedthrough ______________, before returning to the maindischarge.

The piston cooling system pump draws from the supply

(or drain) tank passing __________ and then to the enginepiston __________.

The return from these flows by gravity ______________. Arrangements may also be included for __________ of any

leakage from __________.

This must first pass __________ and __________. A steam coil is fitted in the piston cooling water supplytank for _________________.



All fresh water coolers are circulated with the salt (or raw)water and have by-pass valve fitted. Thermostatic valvesare provided to regulate the flow of either the fresh wateror sea water and so control the temperature of waterpassing through the engine. Fresh water pressure shouldalways be greater than that of the salt water to prevent any

possibility of salt water entering the engine system. Toreduce the corrosive action and inhibit the formation ofscale deposit in the system it is usual to provide someform of water treatment.

Both jacket and piston cooling systems must have alarmsfitted to give warning of loss in pressure, high or low tank

level or, in some cases, excess of temperature. On most engines the fresh water and sea water pumps are

both of the centrifugal type. They may be engine driven orthey may be separately driven by electricmotors.



All fresh water c_______are circulated with the salt (or raw) water andhave b______ fitted. Thermostatic valves are provided to regulate theflow of either the fresh water or _________ and so control thetemperature of water passing through the engine. Fresh waterp_________ should always be greater than that of the salt water top_________ any possibility of salt water entering the engine system.

To reduce the corrosive action and i_________ the formation ofs_______ d_______ in the system it is usual to provide some form ofwater t__________.

Both jacket and piston cooling systems must have alarms fitted togive w_________ of loss in pressure, high or low tank l_________ or, in

some cases, e__________ of temperature. On most engines the fresh water and sea water pumps are both of

the c__________ t__________.

They may be engine d__________ or they may be separately driven bye____________.



All fresh water coolers are circulated with the salt (or raw) waterand have __________.

Thermostatic valves are provided to _________ either __________or __________ and so _______________ of water passing throughthe engine.

Fresh water pressure should always be greater _______________water to prevent any possibility of salt water _______________.

To _______________ and inhibit the formation of scale deposit inthe system it is usual to provide _______________.

Both jacket and _______________ must have alarms fitted to givewarning of _______________, high or low tank level or, in somecases, _______________ temperature.

__________________ the fresh water and sea water pumps are bothof the _____________ type.

They may be engine driven or they may be _______________.



Which parts of the diesel engine require cooling ? Why is cooling necessary ? How is cooling for a slow speed diesel engine carried out ? When is a cooling system said to be of a closed type ? Why is the water cooling system fitted with a header tank ?

What is the purpose of the heater ? Is the water for piston cooling also drawn from the header

tank ? Is the sea water the primary cooling medium in the

system ? What are the thermostatic valves provided for ? Why must cooling water be adequately treated ? What alarms should the cooling system be supplied with ? What are the fresh and sea water pumps driven by ?



I. Complete the sentences by choosing thecorrect ending:

1. In a closed cooling system the water leavingthe engine jacket is:

not returned to the engine at all .

recirculated without exposure to air.

Exposed to air before being recirculated.

2. In the cooler salt water pressure shouldalways be

lower than fresh water pressure.

equal to fresh water pressure.

greater than fresh water pressure.

3. The secondary cooling medium used toextract heat from the primary coolant bypassing through the heat exchanger is

air.

fresh water.

raw water.

4. A centrifugal or axial flow type pump thatsupplies cooling water to mwchinery is

known as the: extract pump.

circulating pump.

feed pump.

5. The hard deposit that forms on inside ofboilers, water-pipes or on exposed ferrous

metals is named: rust.

scale.

soot.

6. The contririvance that diverts the circulationof a fluid (water, oil, or gas) as in the water

cooling system where part of the hot wateroff the engine is returned to the inlet pipingto supply the engine with water at acontrolled temperature is the:

regulating valve.

by-pass system.

feed piping.



II. Match the statements in column A with the right terms listed at random incolumn B:

a. Acessory that adjust the engine

cooling water to a constantoperating temperature.

b. Sleeve of soft material usedto secure a tight packingon a piston.

c. A unit that transfers heat from

one fluid to another, as fromwater or oil to water or air.

d. A container connected to anengine cooling system, generallyat the highest point, partly filledwith water for venting and make up.

e.A device used to remove water andother impurities from lubricating andfuel oils.

f. A turbine driven air compressorpowered by the exhaust gas.

B

1. DRAIN TANK

2. HEADER

3. HEATER

4.HEAT EXCHANGER

5. GLAND

6. THERMOMETER

7. THERMOSTAT

8. TURBO-BLOWER

9. DISTRIBUTION MANIFOLD

10. OIL SEPARATOR



III. Study the Fig.14.2. showing a main engine coolingsystem:

a. Make a list of the main components:

1. ___________________________

2. ___________________________

3. ___________________________

4. ___________________________

5. ___________________________6. ___________________________

7. ___________________________

8. ___________________________

9. ___________________________b. Describe the function of each of the components.

c. Explain the method of cooling shown in the diagram.



PROVIDE - Glagol “provide” jedan je od najčešćih glagola u tehničkim tekstovima:

Thermostatic valves are provided toregulate the flow of either the freshwater or the sea water.

To reduce the corrosive action andinhibit the formation of scaledeposits in the system it is usual toprovide some form of watertreatment.

In order to compensate for air

which may become dissolved in thewater and released when heated, anopen tank is provided at the heightabove the highest point of thesystem.

U sistemu hlađenja su postavljeni(ugrađeni, instalirani, nalaze se)termostatski ventili radi reguliranja

protoka slatke ili morske vode.Da bi se smanjilo djelovanjekorozije i spriječilo stvaranjekamenca u sistemu, obično postoji(se vrši) neka vrsta obrade vode.

Da bi se nadomjestio zrak koji

može biti otopljen u vodi i ispuštenkada se zagrije, na visini iznadnajviše točke sistema (hlađenja)nalazi se (ugrađen je, montiran je,instaliran je) otvoreni tank.



Glagol “provide” može se zamijeniti sa there is …, to fit, to

mount, to build in, to install, to supply, npr:

1. a) There are thermostatic valves to regulate the flow of either the sea or the freshwater.

b) Thermostatic valves are fitted (supplied, mounted, placed, installed, built in) to

regulate the flow of either the fresh or the sea water.

2. a) … in the systems, there is some form of water treatment.

b) … it is usual to install (fit) some form of water treatment.

3. a) … and released when heated, there is an open tank at the height above …

b) … and released when heated, an open tank is fitted (mounted, installed, built in,

placed) at the height above...

Te zamjene (there is, fit, mount, install, build in, supply) odgovaraju našim glagolima“nalazi(e) se”, “postoji(e)”, “ugraditi”, “montirati”, “instalirati”, “postaviti”.

Glagol “provide” najčešće je u pasivnom obliku i označava postojanje ili položaj nečeg.

Osim toga glagol “provide” često znači i “dati”, “pružiti”, “osigurati”, (give, offer,ensure):

1. Automatic sprinkler system provides the highest level of safety on board.

2. Automatski sprinkler-sistem pruža (daje) najveću sigurnost na brodu.



Slično je i sa imenicom “provision”:

The provision of awater treatmentsystem was urgent.

Provision must bemade for a newwater treatmentsystem. (kolokacija“make provisionfor”).

Bilo je hitno ugraditi

(montirati, postaviti)

sistem obrade vode.

Mora se postaviti(osigurati) novi sistemobrade vode.



I. Rearrange these sentences using the verb “provide”. Make also necessary changes.

Ex. There are doors on the cylinder casing, through which the water spaces may becleaned and inspected when overhauling the engine.

Doors are provided on the cylinder casing, through which the water spaces may becleaned and inspected when overhauling the engine.

1. These manufacturers supply the piston rings which can be run in quickly.

2. Modern medium-speed engines are turbocharged.

3. There is a control bore in the cylinder cover to enable possible gas leakage to bedetected between the two parts of the cover.

4. The new maintenance system ensures higher reliability and lower costs.

5. On most engines sea water and fresh water pumps are fitted.

6. This design is termed the “coctailshaker”, the motion of the oil offering extremely goodheat transfer.

7. In the cylinder head there is an indicator for measuring the cylinder pressure.

8. The cylinder cover-insert is fitted with the necessary bore holes to accommodate thevalves.



II. Translate into English using the verb “provide”:

1. Na ulasku u cirkulacionu pumpu nalazi se filtergoriva.

2. Ovaj brod pruža najbolje uvjete života posadi. 3. Na jednom kraju klackalice nalazi se vijak za

podešavanje zračnosti ventila.

4. Ugradnjom manometra pritisak se može stalnokontrolirati.5. Većina srednjehodnih dizel motora izvedena je s

direktnim prekretanjem.6. Na glavi cilindra montiran je i ventil uputnog

zraka.7. Da bi se ležaj zaštitio od korozije oni imaju tankisloj indija ili olova.



1. HEAT SOURCES



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel

Heat developed by compression of air



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat

2. HEAT DISTRIBUTION



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat


1/3 = converted into useful work ( transferred into mechanical energy /

BHP.



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.

1/3 = lost as exhaust gases



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.


1/3 = lost for cooling / absorbed by metallic walls of the combustion

chamber.



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.



chamber.

3. OVERHEATING

SO C S



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.



chamber.

3. OVERHEATING

Breakdown of L.O. film

1 HEAT SOURCES



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.



chamber.

3. OVERHEATING


Loss in material strenght

1 HEAT SOURCES



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.



chamber.

3. OVERHEATING



Excessive stresses due to unequal temperatures

1 HEAT SOURCES



1. HEAT SOURCES

Burning of fuel


Frictional heat



BHP.



chamber.

3. OVERHEATING



Excessive stresses due to unequal temperatures

Faliure to maintain proper clearances between running parts.

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil

5. COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil


5.1 The temperature should be kept as high as possible.

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil



5.2 If to high, it will cause boiling of water and formation of scale

deposits ( incrustration )

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil





5.3 If to low, it will lead to condensation of combustion gases on the

liner surfaces.

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil





5.3 If to low, it will lead to condensation of combustion gases on theliner surfaces.

5.3.1 Product of condensation may:

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil







contain acids causing corrosion

4 COOLANTS



4. COOLANTS

Fresh water

Luboil







contain acids causing corrosion

cause so called cold sludge in the L.O. increasing wear in allmoving parts



6 COOLING WATER TREATMENT & CONSEQUENCES



6. COOLING WATER TREATMENT & CONSEQUENCES

If the cooling water is not properly treated, the closed cooling

systems may undergo fouling, formation of deposits ( preventing or

disturbing the heat transfer ). The deposit consists of loose sludge and

solid particles.








solid particles.

Removal: mechanically ( first brushed or rinsed off with water ) or

chemically.








solid particles.


chemically.

Narrow spaces are chemically cleaned.








solid particles.


chemically.


Limestone deposits can be cleaned with acid solution.








solid particles.


chemically.



7. WATER COOLING SYSTEMS








solid particles.


chemically.




Large slow speed, two stroke engines have 2 separate closed

cooling circuits.








solid particles. Removal: mechanically ( first brushed or rinsed off with water ) or

chemically.





cooling circuits.

A header or expansion tank allows venting of the system. Theheader has connections from engine discharge & pump suction line.




Q




solid particles. Removal: mechanically ( first brushed or rinsed off with water ) or

chemically.





cooling circuits.

A header or expansion tank allows venting of the system. Theheader has connections from engine discharge & pump suction line.

A heater is fitted with by pass to warm the engine when necessary.

Cylinder jacket system




Water → lower end of the jacket → cylinder cover → exhaust valve cages

→ turbocharger → turbine cooling spaces → air separator → main

discharge.







discharge.

The piston cooling system







discharge.

The piston cooling system

Water → piston cooling tank → piston water cooler → piston cooling

connections → return by gravity to supply tank

bp water cooling system

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