boxed out: criminal history screening & college application attrition presented to: john jay...
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Boxed Out:Criminal History Screening &
College Application Attrition
Presented to:
John Jay Prisoner Reentry Institute
May 21, 2015
Access to Higher
Education
Mass Criminalization
Mass Incarceration
Mass Reentry
Racial Disparities
Campus Safety
Proliferation of Screening
All schools but one report a Felony Application Attrition Rate that is higher than the General Application Attrition Rate.
The Felony Application Attrition Rate ranges from 1.5 times higher to 17.3 times higher than the General Attrition Rate.
Every school reports a General Application Attrition Rate under 50 percent.
Two-thirds of schools report a Felony Application Attrition Rate over 50 percent.
2924Number of SUNY Applicants Who Check the Box Each Year
1828Number of SUNY Applicants Boxed Out by Application Attrition Each Year
62.5%Mean Felony Application Attrition Rate
21%
62%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
General Application Attrition Rate Felony Application Attrition Rate
Median Application Attrition Rates Compared
Applicants who check the box have an application attrition rate3 times higher
than the general applicant population.
1,828
117
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Number of Applicants Eliminated byApplication Attrition
Number of Applicants Rejected byAdmissions Review Committees
Annual Application Attrition and Rejection Numbers Compared, for Applicants Who Disclose a Felony Conviction
The number of applicants who disclose a felony conviction impacted by application attrition is more than 15 times higher
than the number denied admission.
Felony Application Attrition andRejection Rates Compared
Excluded by Felony Application AttritionExcluded by Admissions Review
Committee Because of Conviction
For every one applicant rejected by Admissions Review Committees because of a felony conviction, 15 applicants
are excluded by felony application attrition.
1 : 15
An Overview of Policies and Procedures for Sixty SUNY Campuses
Two Controlling Documents•Policy Item #3300 (Effective September 1, 1998)“Admission of Persons with Prior Felony Convictions or Disciplinary Dismissals”
•FAQ (Issued June 17, 2013)To clarify existing policy, provide additional guidance to campuses, and to enhance compliance
What Do All of the Campuses Have in Common?
They all make the applicant run the gauntlet•All campuses require the applicant to check the box•All send a supplementary application or questionnaire •All warn that failure to provide all required documents and follow all procedures will make application incomplete and no action will be taken by Admissions•All tighten the gauntlet by further warning that any falsification, misinformation or incomplete information will result in denial of admission
51% 53%
68%
54%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
DCJS or other officialrecord
Letter from probationor parole
Self-report of entirecriminal history
Evidence ofrehabilitation
Common Supplemental Materials Requested
Across the 60 SUNY campuses, 38 differently named documents are requested.
Improper Instruction and Misunderstanding About FAQ #5
Q. If an applicant was convicted of a felony as a Youthful Offender, Juvenile Delinquent, or Juvenile Offender, or has otherwise had his/her records sealed, how should they answer the mandated question?
R. They should answer “No.” The Help function
on the SUNY application informs applicant
with Youthful Offender, Juvenile Delinquents or
Juvenile Offender status to respond “No.”
Conclusions from Study• Felony application attrition is a more formidable barrier to
admission at SUNY campuses than rejection based upon a felony conviction.
• The gauntlet of supplementary requirements, no matter how applicant-friendly, will result in high rates of application attrition.
• This case study of SUNY carries implications for colleges across the U.S. with 55% of public colleges engaging in criminal history screening and a majority of those using supplemental requirements.
The Equality Speech
We cannot become complacent about the strides toward equality made by the civil rights movement.
“Be aware of that myth, that everything is going to be all right … Take it from me, it has not been solved …They are still laying traps for us.”
Justice Thurgood Marshall
Howard Law School
November 19, 1978
Primary Recommendation
The Center for Community Alternatives, in concert with the Education from the Inside Out Coalition, strongly recommend that the State University of New York and all colleges and universities refrain from including the criminal history question on the application and prohibit the use of criminal history information in admissions decision making.
Support the New York Fair Access to Education Act (S.00969 and A.03363).
Secondary Recommendations
• Offer voluntary support services to students with criminal histories.
• Provide funding for prison-based education programs to help formerly incarcerated people make a smooth transition to college in the community.
• Assist in overcoming barriers to licensing for students with criminal histories.
• Address the real public safety concerns on college campuses: rape culture and binge drinking.
www.eiocoalition.org
www.justleadershipusa.orgwww.collegeandcommunity.org
www.communityalternatives.org
Mission StatementThe mission of the state university system shall be to provide to the people of New York educational services of the highest quality, with the broadest possible access, fully representative of all segments of the population…