both in tension and compression either static or dynamic
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Aerospace Vehicles DivisionS t r u c t u r e s T e s t i n g & E v a l u a t i o n [email protected] +31 88 511 42 86
www.nlr.nlNLR - Dedicated to innovation in aerospace
The understanding of the behavior
of composite laminates and
structural joints under multi-
axial loading is of great practical
significance, since bi-axial loading
regimes are the norm in real
engineering structures.
From previous biaxial experiments it
was found that significantly higher
biaxial failure loads are obtained as
compared to uni-axial load cases.
“BIAXIAL TESTING ENABLES THE FULL EXPLOITATION OF THE BENEFITS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND JOINTS”
Biaxial Testingboth in tension and compression either static or dynamic
National Aerospace Laboratory NLRAmsterdam – A n t h o ny F o k ke r w e g 2 10 59 C M A m s t e r d a m P.O. B ox 9 0 5 02 10 0 6 B M A m s t e r d a m T h e N e t h e r l a n d sMarknesse – V o o r s t e r w e g 3 1 8 3 1 6 P R M a r k n e s s e P. O . B o x 1 5 3 8 3 0 0 A D E m m e l o o r d T h e N e t h e r l a n d sF4
10-0
1
“LESS CONSERVATIVE FAILURE CRITERIA CAN BE OBTAINED”
Features A wide variety of NLR’s specialized laboratories and workshops ensure extensive possibilities for:• test specimen design• test specimen manufacturing in metal and
composite• Finite Element Analysis• strain, displacement and load measurements using a
broad range of measurement techniques• NDI techniques• failure analysis
Biaxial testing at NLRNLR has gained years of hands-on experience in biaxial testing. Starting in the ’80 of previous century with successful fatigue tests on fuselage lap joints to study Multiple Site Damage and most recently with a static test program to establish a realistic failure criterion for a carbon composite lay-up.
NLR owns two biaxial test set ups:• The first set up has a capacity of 100kN and 200kN in two
mutually perpendicular directions. The set-up only allows tension-tension tests, both static and dynamic.
• The second set-up allows tension-tension, tension-compression and compression-compression tests. All these tests can be executed statically or dynamically. The maximum load capacities are 500kN in vertical and 200kN in horizontal direction.
From its experience in biaxial testing NLR can assist in the design of successful test specimen geometries, ranging from local thickness reduction to tailoring of anisotropic specimen stiffness.
Apart from mechanical tests, NLR has a broad range of measurement techniques at its disposal for measurement of strains, displacements and loads.
Ply Design
FEM analysis
Digital Image Correlation